nr 322: quick history of gis jim graham fall 2008
TRANSCRIPT
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Where does it start?
• When was the first time someone scratched a map in the sand?
• Carved the number of fruit trees on their land onto a plank of wood?
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Town Plan from Catal Hyük (6200 B.C.)
http://images.google.com/imgres?imgurl=http://www.missbarbara.net/carto.gif&imgrefurl=http://missbarbara.net/&h=160&w=155&sz=28&hl=en&start=14&um=1&tbnid=KvjKVX9L0flPHM:&tbnh=98&tbnw=95&prev=/images%3Fq%3Dancient%2Bmaps%26um%3D1%26hl%3Den
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Stonehenge (3000BC)
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First World Map: 500 BCE
• Neo-Babylonian (Persian Period)
• Copy of an original dating to the Sargonid Period, circa late eighth or seventh century BCE
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Interpretation
http://www.henry-davis.com/MAPS/AncientWebPages/103.html
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Henry The Navigator
• Portuguese prince
• Born: 1394
• 1498 Vasco de Gama sailed from Portugal to India
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Cantino world map (1502)
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ancient_world_maps
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First Map of 4 Known Continents
Sebastian Munster 1544
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Medieval map of the Black Sea
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Position• Sun, Moon, and Stars?• Sun, Moon, Stars and
Stexant -> Latitude• Sun, Moon, Stars,
Stextant, and Chronometer -> Latitude and Longitude
• GPS
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Direction
• Sun, moon, and stars• Compass• GPS (as long as you are moving!)
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Recent Past
• Surveying with glass optics and “chains”– USGS Topographic Maps
• Charts and Sextants• Compasses• Street Maps
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Current GIS
• Computers with GIS Software (ArcGIS)
• Aerial & Satellite photography
• Laser surveys• LandSat Satellite
Images• GPS Satellite
Network
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Martin Behaim globe (1492)
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Fra Mauro world map (1459)