nssh science 2013-2014. families on the periodic table elements on the periodic table can be grouped...
TRANSCRIPT
NSSH Science2013-2014
Families on the Periodic TableElements on the periodic table can be
grouped into families bases on their chemical properties.
Each family has a specific name to differentiate it from the other families in the periodic table.
Elements in each family react differently with other elements.
Rare Earth MetalsSome are
RadioactiveThe rare
earths are silver, silvery-white, or gray metals.
Conduct electricity
Please choose your colors and color in these sections in the first periodic table on your handout.
Properties of MetalsMetals are good
conductors of heat and electricity.
Metals are shiny.Metals are ductile (can be
stretched into thin wires).Metals are malleable (can
be pounded into thin sheets).
A chemical property of metal is its reaction with water which results in corrosion.
Properties of Non-MetalsNon-metals are poor
conductors of heat and electricity.
Non-metals are not ductile or malleable.
Solid non-metals are brittle and break easily.
They are dull.Many non-metals are
gases.
Sulfur
Properties of MetalloidsMetalloids (metal-like)
have properties of both metals and non-metals.
They are solids that can be shiny or dull.
They conduct heat and electricity better than non-metals but not as well as metals.
They are ductile and malleable.
Silicon
ALKALI METALSGroup 1Hydrogen is not a member, it is
a non-metal1 electron in the outer shell
(valence electron)Soft and silvery metalsVery reactive, esp. with waterNever found as free elements in
natureConduct electricity
Image: http://www.learner.org/interactives/periodic/groups2.html
ALKALI METALS
Image: http://www.learner.org/interactives/periodic/groups2.html
Sodium (Na) in Oil Lithium (Li) in Water
Cutting an Alkali Metal
ALKALINE EARTH METALSGroup 22 electrons in the
outer shellWhite and malleableReactive, but less
than Alkali metalsAlso not found
uncombined in nature
Conduct electricity
ALKALINE EARTH METALSAlkaline Metal Examples
Flame colors produced by Alkaline Metals
Fireworks Show using Alkaline Earth Metals
TRANSITION METALSGroups in the middle
Number of valence electrons can vary
Heavier metalsGood conductors of
heat and electricityHigh melting/boiling
pointsSome are used for
jewelryHighly malleable DuctileCan form alloys –
physical mixtures of metals
TRANSITION METALS
Tin
Silver
Copper Wire
Bronze Alloy
Tin + Copper
Rare Earth Elements (Inner Transitional Elements)
Composed of the lanthanide and actinide series.
Most of the elements in the actinide series are synthetic or man-made.
Uranium Ore
Most inner transitional elements are radioactive and unstable
Rare Earth Elements (Inner Transitional Elements)
HalogensGroup 177 electrons in the outer
shellAll are non-metalsVery reactive are often
bonded with elements from Group 1 (form halides)
Come naturally in pairs –diatomic molecules
Halogens
Cl2, Br2, I2
Noble GasesGroup 18Exist as gasesNon-metals8 electrons in the
outer shell = FullHelium (He) has
only 2 electrons in the outer shell = Full
Not reactive with other elements
Noble Gases Valence Electrons
13 14 15 16 17 18