NTUT Academic Writing NTUT Academic Writing (I) 3/22 2007 (I) 3/22 2007

Ch. 1: “The Process of Academic WriCh. 1: “The Process of Academic Writing” ting”

Before You Write AnythingBefore You Write Anything

Forward: Audience: Professors, Instructors, or Forward: Audience: Professors, Instructors, or Reviewers. Reviewers.

Tone: Diction, Style, Personal/Impersonal, SerTone: Diction, Style, Personal/Impersonal, Serious/Formal. ious/Formal.

Purpose: Persuasive or Expository (Your RhetPurpose: Persuasive or Expository (Your Rhetorical Form). orical Form).

Stage 1: Prewriting. Stage 1: Prewriting. A. Choosing and Narrowing a Topic (Personal/A. Choosing and Narrowing a Topic (Personal/

Topical Interest)Topical Interest) Environment→Pollution→Ocean→Oil Spill anEnvironment→Pollution→Ocean→Oil Spill an

d Sea Life (Effects).d Sea Life (Effects). B. Brainstorming (Listing, Free Writing, and ClB. Brainstorming (Listing, Free Writing, and Cl

ustering):ustering): B-1. Listing: Write Down As Many Ideas As PoB-1. Listing: Write Down As Many Ideas As Po

ssible Pertaining tossible Pertaining to The Topic of Your Choosing; Ignore GrammatThe Topic of Your Choosing; Ignore Grammat

ical Errors. ical Errors.

Preliminary Results of Your Listing Preliminary Results of Your Listing

Group Similar Ideas And Cross Out Group Similar Ideas And Cross Out Ideas That Do Not BelongIdeas That Do Not Belong

B-2. Free Writing: B-2. Free Writing:

In Additional To Writing As Many Ideas As PIn Additional To Writing As Many Ideas As Possible On a Piece Of Paper, You Also Need Tossible On a Piece Of Paper, You Also Need To Include Supporting Items Such As FACTS, o Include Supporting Items Such As FACTS, DETAILS, And EXAMPLES About The Very DETAILS, And EXAMPLES About The Very Subject.Subject.

Then, Re-read and Re-group Ideas In Your FreThen, Re-read and Re-group Ideas In Your Free Writing. e Writing.

Examples of Free WritingExamples of Free Writing

B-3. Clustering: B-3. Clustering: Write Your Main Topic In the Central Balloon Write Your Main Topic In the Central Balloon

And Generate Ideas Associated With It. And Generate Ideas Associated With It. ““Workaholic” Can Be Of Further Topical ElabWorkaholic” Can Be Of Further Topical Elab

oration.oration.

Stage 2: Planning (Outlining). Stage 2: Planning (Outlining). A. Divide Ideas Further Into A. Divide Ideas Further Into Sub-lists Sub-lists And CrosAnd Cros

s Out Items That Don’t Belong. s Out Items That Don’t Belong.

B. Writing The Topic Sentence. B. Writing The Topic Sentence. Additional Relevant Examples And A Concluding Additional Relevant Examples And A Concluding

Sentence Can Be Added.Sentence Can Be Added.

Stage 3: Writing And Revising Drafts Stage 3: Writing And Revising Drafts (4 Steps). (4 Steps).

A. Writing the 1st Rough Draft:A. Writing the 1st Rough Draft: Leave Spaces Leave Spaces For Further Revisions/Ideas; Ignore Grammar; For Further Revisions/Ideas; Ignore Grammar;

B. Revising Content And Organization:B. Revising Content And Organization: Be Con Be Concerned Mainly With Content And Organization; Ccerned Mainly With Content And Organization; Check For General Logic And Coherence; Make Suheck For General Logic And Coherence; Make Sure Your Topic Sentence Has A Central Focus; Are re Your Topic Sentence Has A Central Focus; Are The Supporting Details Sufficient Enough; Check The Supporting Details Sufficient Enough; Check Also For Transition Signals; Relevant Concluding Also For Transition Signals; Relevant Concluding Sentences/Comments. Sentences/Comments.

The 1st Rough DraftThe 1st Rough Draft

C. Proofreading the 2nd Draft:C. Proofreading the 2nd Draft: Check For Grammar, Sentence Structure, Spelling, And PunctuatiCheck For Grammar, Sentence Structure, Spelling, And Punctuati

on. (Fragments, Run-On Sentences, Subject-Verb Agreement, Veron. (Fragments, Run-On Sentences, Subject-Verb Agreement, Verb Tenses, etc.) b Tenses, etc.)

Writing The Final DraftWriting The Final Draft Further Revisions Are Always Possible.Further Revisions Are Always Possible.

Primary TextPrimary Text

Longman, Wesley Addison. Longman, Wesley Addison. Writing Writing Academic EnglishAcademic English. 3rd Ed. NY: Pearson . 3rd Ed. NY: Pearson Education, 1999. Education, 1999.