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DOE‐NRC NPH 2018 Numerical Modeling of Concrete Building Pounding During Seismic Events ‐ A Case Study Asa Bassam, PhD, SE, PE Benjamin Kosbab, PhD Payman Tehrani, PhD, PE October 23, 2018 1 Prepared for the DOE‐NRC Meeting on Natural Phenomena Hazards

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Page 1: Numerical Modeling of Concrete Building Pounding During ... · Selected Areas for ISRS Generation at RB EL 617’ and 621’ Slabs Variation of ISRS with Impact Stiffness 21. DOE‐NRC

DOE‐NRC NPH 2018

Numerical Modeling of Concrete Building Pounding During Seismic Events ‐ A Case Study

Asa Bassam, PhD, SE, PEBenjamin Kosbab, PhD

Payman Tehrani, PhD, PE

October 23, 2018

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Prepared for the DOE‐NRC Meeting on Natural Phenomena Hazards

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DOE‐NRC NPH 2018

INTRODUCTION

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DOE‐NRC NPH 2018

• Structural Damage– Local structural failure– Consequence of local failure– Global structural failure

• Non‐Structural Damage– High‐frequency spectral acceleration due to impact/pounding– Chatter‐sensitive components– Cosmetic or non‐load bearing failures. 

Potential Consequence of Seismic Impact

Typically addressed by sizing the gaps to eliminate impact at SSE level earthquake altogether.

Jankowski, Engineering Structures, 2009

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DOE‐NRC NPH 2018

Wolf and Skrikerud (Nuclear Engineering and Design 1980)

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Background

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DOE‐NRC NPH 2018

Kasai, Jeng, & Maison (Earthquake Engineering 1992)

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Background

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DOE‐NRC NPH 20186

Motivation

Reactor Building U1               U2            U3

Turbine Building

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DOE‐NRC NPH 20187

Motivation

Reactor Buildings

slab‐to‐slab impact

slab‐to‐slab impact

slab‐to‐slab impact

slab‐to‐wall impact

Turbine Building

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DOE‐NRC NPH 2018

METHODOLOGY

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DOE‐NRC NPH 20189

Modeling of Impact

Modified (Hybrid) Contact Laws: 

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DOE‐NRC NPH 201810

Impact Stiffness

Goldsmith, W., (1960) Impact: the theory and physical behavior of colliding solids,

≅ 10 / .

Kawashima, K., and Penzien, J., EERC Report 76‐26, 1976

Contact stiffness approximated as the stiffness of impact neighboring FE elements

≅ 10 / .

van Mier, J. G. M., et al., ASCE Journal of Structural Engineering, 1991

≅ 10 / .

, , , ,

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DOE‐NRC NPH 201811

Impact StiffnessImpact Stiffness

Impact Damping

Jankowski, R., Key Engineering Materials., 2005

Jankowski, R., Theoretical and Applied Mechanics, 2007

, , , ,

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DOE‐NRC NPH 2018

MODELING DETAILS

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DOE‐NRC NPH 2018

Detailed Modeling Strategy

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3D FEM

3D FEM LMSM

1D Impact elements

Five spectrally matched ground motions

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DOE‐NRC NPH 201814

3D Finite Element Models

Reactor Building

Turbine Building Part 1

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RB

TB Part 1

TB Part 3

TB Part 2

TB Foundation Pile Springs

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Combined Finite Element Model

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DOE‐NRC NPH 201816

Combined Finite Element Model

Location of impact elements at RB‐TB Part 1 at a typical elevation

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DOE‐NRC NPH 2018

FE Model Including Soil

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• The soil medium explicitly modeled with solid finite elements.

• A hysteretic viscoelastic material model used for modeling both soil and structure to achieve nearly frequency independent viscoelastic behavior.

• Analyses were performed using the explicit time domain in LS‐DYNA 

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DOE‐NRC NPH 2018

INVESTIGATION OF IMPACT BEHAVIOR

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DOE‐NRC NPH 2018

Impact Forces

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0.25 ≅

∆ 1.8 ≅

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DOE‐NRC NPH 2018

Variation of Impact Forces with Impact Stiffness

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• No specific trend due to impact element stiffness. The impact force results vary by +20% depending on the choice of impact stiffness.

• The impact forces are highly dependent on the local building stiffness

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DOE‐NRC NPH 2018

Selected Areas for ISRS Generation at RB EL 617’ and 621’ Slabs

Variation of ISRS with Impact Stiffness

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TB ISRS

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DOE‐NRC NPH 2018

ISRS Results From SDOF Model

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RB TB

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DOE‐NRC NPH 2018

CONCLUSION AND SUMMARY

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DOE‐NRC NPH 2018

• The effect of building impact between two concrete structures with fairly different flexibilities was investigated in this studies.

• The effect of impact on the ISRS in the more flexible structure was found significant while it was found insignificant in the stiffer structure.

• The impact forces were highly dependent on the local structural stiffness of the impacting buildings but not very sensitive to the selection of the impact stiffness in the realistic range.

• The ISRS results from simplified SDOF model show consistent behavior with the detailed model.

Conclusion and Summary

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THANK YOU! QUESTIONS ?

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