numerical optimalisation of racing car for the shell eco-marathon race
DESCRIPTION
The subject of the study was the conceptual model of high-performance, ecofriendly urban car for the competition Shell Eco Marathon 2014 and 2015. The research was carried out as the part of the racing team Smart Power Urban Silesian University of Technology work. The study developed methods for conducting aerodynamic research for such types of vehicles. The numerical models of conceptual development versions of the vehicle were created in the HyperWorks HyperMesh software with using the CFD module basing on the developed methodology. Simulation conditions were chosen according to the conditions during the race Shell Eco Marathon in Rotterdam and in accordance with generally accepted principles of tunnel research in the tunnel of the Institute of Aviation in Warsaw. In the research the resulting values were the distribution of the drag forces and pressure distribution on the surface of the vehicle. In addition, using the software HyperView obtained the distribution of the airlines affecting the vehicle. Based on the obtained value of the aerodynamic drag force on the surface of the vehicle, the aerodynamic coefficient Cx is calculated analytically. Analyzes suggest which version is considered the most advantageous from the point of view of minimizing drag force. Based on that model there will be made prototype car. The analyzes outlined the direction of development of the solid of the conceptual car the next seasons for the Shell Eco Marathon race. After the completion of the car build is planned to make verification of the numerical research with the aerodynamic tests in the wind tunnel.TRANSCRIPT
NUMERICAL OPTIMISATION OF THE RACINGCAR FOR THE SHELL ECO-MARATHON RACE
B.Sc.Mateusz WASIKM.Sc. Miroslaw Tarogsz, Ph.D B.Sc. Wawrzyniec Panfil
Institute of Fundamentals of Machinery DesignSilesian University of Technology
Munich, 2014
B.Sc.Mateusz WASIK [email protected] Silesian University of Technology POLAND 1 / 18
Table of Contents
Project Objectives
Problem definition
Methodology of numerical research
Analysis
Results of the research
Analyzed models
Conclusions
Bibliography
B.Sc.Mateusz WASIK [email protected] Silesian University of Technology POLAND 2 / 18
Table of Contents
Project Objectives
Problem definition
Methodology of numerical research
Analysis
Results of the research
Analyzed models
Conclusions
Bibliography
B.Sc.Mateusz WASIK [email protected] Silesian University of Technology POLAND 2 / 18
Table of Contents
Project Objectives
Problem definition
Methodology of numerical research
Analysis
Results of the research
Analyzed models
Conclusions
Bibliography
B.Sc.Mateusz WASIK [email protected] Silesian University of Technology POLAND 2 / 18
Table of Contents
Project Objectives
Problem definition
Methodology of numerical research
Analysis
Results of the research
Analyzed models
Conclusions
Bibliography
B.Sc.Mateusz WASIK [email protected] Silesian University of Technology POLAND 2 / 18
Table of Contents
Project Objectives
Problem definition
Methodology of numerical research
Analysis
Results of the research
Analyzed models
Conclusions
Bibliography
B.Sc.Mateusz WASIK [email protected] Silesian University of Technology POLAND 2 / 18
Table of Contents
Project Objectives
Problem definition
Methodology of numerical research
Analysis
Results of the research
Analyzed models
Conclusions
Bibliography
B.Sc.Mateusz WASIK [email protected] Silesian University of Technology POLAND 2 / 18
Table of Contents
Project Objectives
Problem definition
Methodology of numerical research
Analysis
Results of the research
Analyzed models
Conclusions
Bibliography
B.Sc.Mateusz WASIK [email protected] Silesian University of Technology POLAND 2 / 18
Table of Contents
Project Objectives
Problem definition
Methodology of numerical research
Analysis
Results of the research
Analyzed models
Conclusions
Bibliography
B.Sc.Mateusz WASIK [email protected] Silesian University of Technology POLAND 2 / 18
Project Objectives
Figure: Smart Power Silesian University of Technology racing team
B.Sc.Mateusz WASIK [email protected] Silesian University of Technology POLAND 3 / 18
Problem definition
Optimisation of the car aerodynamic features:
Air drag force on the cars surface.
Air pressure distribution on the surface of the car.
Air stream lines simulation around the body.
B.Sc.Mateusz WASIK [email protected] Silesian University of Technology POLAND 4 / 18
Problem definition
Optimisation of the car aerodynamic features:
Air drag force on the cars surface.
Air pressure distribution on the surface of the car.
Air stream lines simulation around the body.
B.Sc.Mateusz WASIK [email protected] Silesian University of Technology POLAND 4 / 18
Problem definition
Optimisation of the car aerodynamic features:
Air drag force on the cars surface.
Air pressure distribution on the surface of the car.
Air stream lines simulation around the body.
B.Sc.Mateusz WASIK [email protected] Silesian University of Technology POLAND 4 / 18
Methodology of numerical research
Figure: CAD models of the urban car Bytel in the development versionsa) v1 b) v2 c) v3 d) v4. Designed by Artur Lach.B.Sc.Mateusz WASIK [email protected] Silesian University of Technology POLAND 5 / 18
Methodology of numerical research
Vehicle aerodynamic analysis process can be divided into thefollowing steps:
Stage 1: CATIA V5.
Creating a CAD model.
Simplification of the CAD model.
Exporting the CAD model into universal CAD format.
B.Sc.Mateusz WASIK [email protected] Silesian University of Technology POLAND 6 / 18
Methodology of numerical research
Vehicle aerodynamic analysis process can be divided into thefollowing steps:
Stage 1: CATIA V5.
Creating a CAD model.
Simplification of the CAD model.
Exporting the CAD model into universal CAD format.
B.Sc.Mateusz WASIK [email protected] Silesian University of Technology POLAND 6 / 18
Methodology of numerical research
Vehicle aerodynamic analysis process can be divided into thefollowing steps:
Stage 1: CATIA V5.
Creating a CAD model.
Simplification of the CAD model.
Exporting the CAD model into universal CAD format.
B.Sc.Mateusz WASIK [email protected] Silesian University of Technology POLAND 6 / 18
Methodology of numerical research
Stage 2.:Hyperworks Hypermesh.
Importing a CAD model to the preprocesor.
Adjusting the model to the preprocesor conditions.
Putting the grid on imported CAD model.
Creating a wind tunnel model and its finite element mesh inthe simulation preprocessor .
Creating a boundary layer on the surface of the car and thegrid fill of the space between the tunnel and the car.
Export created model to the simulation solver.
B.Sc.Mateusz WASIK [email protected] Silesian University of Technology POLAND 7 / 18
Methodology of numerical research
Stage 2.:Hyperworks Hypermesh.
Importing a CAD model to the preprocesor.
Adjusting the model to the preprocesor conditions.
Putting the grid on imported CAD model.
Creating a wind tunnel model and its finite element mesh inthe simulation preprocessor .
Creating a boundary layer on the surface of the car and thegrid fill of the space between the tunnel and the car.
Export created model to the simulation solver.
B.Sc.Mateusz WASIK [email protected] Silesian University of Technology POLAND 7 / 18
Methodology of numerical research
Stage 2.:Hyperworks Hypermesh.
Importing a CAD model to the preprocesor.
Adjusting the model to the preprocesor conditions.
Putting the grid on imported CAD model.
Creating a wind tunnel model and its finite element mesh inthe simulation preprocessor .
Creating a boundary layer on the surface of the car and thegrid fill of the space between the tunnel and the car.
Export created model to the simulation solver.
B.Sc.Mateusz WASIK [email protected] Silesian University of Technology POLAND 7 / 18
Methodology of numerical research
Stage 2.:Hyperworks Hypermesh.
Importing a CAD model to the preprocesor.
Adjusting the model to the preprocesor conditions.
Putting the grid on imported CAD model.
Creating a wind tunnel model and its finite element mesh inthe simulation preprocessor .
Creating a boundary layer on the surface of the car and thegrid fill of the space between the tunnel and the car.
Export created model to the simulation solver.
B.Sc.Mateusz WASIK [email protected] Silesian University of Technology POLAND 7 / 18
Methodology of numerical research
Stage 2.:Hyperworks Hypermesh.
Importing a CAD model to the preprocesor.
Adjusting the model to the preprocesor conditions.
Putting the grid on imported CAD model.
Creating a wind tunnel model and its finite element mesh inthe simulation preprocessor .
Creating a boundary layer on the surface of the car and thegrid fill of the space between the tunnel and the car.
Export created model to the simulation solver.
B.Sc.Mateusz WASIK [email protected] Silesian University of Technology POLAND 7 / 18
Methodology of numerical research
Stage 2.:Hyperworks Hypermesh.
Importing a CAD model to the preprocesor.
Adjusting the model to the preprocesor conditions.
Putting the grid on imported CAD model.
Creating a wind tunnel model and its finite element mesh inthe simulation preprocessor .
Creating a boundary layer on the surface of the car and thegrid fill of the space between the tunnel and the car.
Export created model to the simulation solver.
B.Sc.Mateusz WASIK [email protected] Silesian University of Technology POLAND 7 / 18
Methodology of numerical research
Stage 3.:AcuSolve
Setting the boundary conditions and the parameters ofsimulation. In case of the dynamic simulation including initialconditions
Implementation of numerical simulation.
Stage 4.:Hyperview
Postprocessing of obtained data.
B.Sc.Mateusz WASIK [email protected] Silesian University of Technology POLAND 8 / 18
Methodology of numerical research
Stage 3.:AcuSolve
Setting the boundary conditions and the parameters ofsimulation. In case of the dynamic simulation including initialconditions
Implementation of numerical simulation.
Stage 4.:Hyperview
Postprocessing of obtained data.
B.Sc.Mateusz WASIK [email protected] Silesian University of Technology POLAND 8 / 18
Methodology of numerical research
Stage 3.:AcuSolve
Setting the boundary conditions and the parameters ofsimulation. In case of the dynamic simulation including initialconditions
Implementation of numerical simulation.
Stage 4.:Hyperview
Postprocessing of obtained data.
B.Sc.Mateusz WASIK [email protected] Silesian University of Technology POLAND 8 / 18
Analysis
Boundary conditions set for simulation
Medium: Air MKS
Temperature: 25deg
Pressure: 1 atm
Inlet velocity: 10 m/s
Outlet pressure: 0 atm
Turbulence model: Spalart-Almaras
Turbulence ratio: 1.05 (5%)
B.Sc.Mateusz WASIK [email protected] Silesian University of Technology POLAND 9 / 18
Results of the research
Four development versions of the car Bytel were analysed:
Bytel v1
Bytel v2
Bytel v3
Bytel v4
Table: Comparison of the drag force and the drag coefficient Cx for eachbody version
Version Drag force [N] Aerodynamic drag coefficient Cx
Bytel v1 21.66 0.349897Bytel v2 19.8 0.31985Bytel v3 18.57 0.299981Bytel v4 19.78 0.319527
B.Sc.Mateusz WASIK [email protected] Silesian University of Technology POLAND 10 / 18
Analyzed models
Figure: Comparison of air pressure distribution on the surfaces ofdevelopment versions v3 (pictured left) and v4 (pictured right).
B.Sc.Mateusz WASIK [email protected] Silesian University of Technology POLAND 11 / 18
Analyzed models
Figure: Comparison of distributions of air velocity in the plane coincidingwith the plane of symmetry of the vehicle. Development version v3(pictured top) and v4 (see figure below).
B.Sc.Mateusz WASIK [email protected] Silesian University of Technology POLAND 12 / 18
Analyzed models
Figure: Comparison of distributions of the streamlines around the car.Development version v3 (pictured left) and v4 (pictured right).
B.Sc.Mateusz WASIK [email protected] Silesian University of Technology POLAND 13 / 18
Conclusions
Based on this type of research there can be identified thebody parts that have a significant impact on the aerodynamicresistance of the vehicle.
Research on the numerical model can not completely replacethe test tunnel but significantly simplifies the process ofcreating a physical model.
The research shows that the greatest impact on the result ofaerodynamic drag has the shape transition between faces ofthe car, i.e. the transition between the mask and the frontglass, and between the roof and pillars.
B.Sc.Mateusz WASIK [email protected] Silesian University of Technology POLAND 14 / 18
Conclusions
Based on this type of research there can be identified thebody parts that have a significant impact on the aerodynamicresistance of the vehicle.
Research on the numerical model can not completely replacethe test tunnel but significantly simplifies the process ofcreating a physical model.
The research shows that the greatest impact on the result ofaerodynamic drag has the shape transition between faces ofthe car, i.e. the transition between the mask and the frontglass, and between the roof and pillars.
B.Sc.Mateusz WASIK [email protected] Silesian University of Technology POLAND 14 / 18
Conclusions
Based on this type of research there can be identified thebody parts that have a significant impact on the aerodynamicresistance of the vehicle.
Research on the numerical model can not completely replacethe test tunnel but significantly simplifies the process ofcreating a physical model.
The research shows that the greatest impact on the result ofaerodynamic drag has the shape transition between faces ofthe car, i.e. the transition between the mask and the frontglass, and between the roof and pillars.
B.Sc.Mateusz WASIK [email protected] Silesian University of Technology POLAND 14 / 18
Cars visualisation
Figure: Bytel urban car. Design Artur Lach
B.Sc.Mateusz WASIK [email protected] Silesian University of Technology POLAND 15 / 18
Cars visualisation
Figure: Bytel urban car. Design Artur Lach
B.Sc.Mateusz WASIK [email protected] Silesian University of Technology POLAND 16 / 18
Bibliography
Raport instytutu lotnictwa.Badania bolidu MuSHELLka. Badania wagowewspółczynników aerodynamicznych i wizualizacja opływu,Warszawa : Instytut lotnictwa, 2012.
Janusz Piechna.Podstawy aerodynamiki pojazdów.Podstawy aerodynamiki pojazdów, Warszawa: WydawnictwaKomunikacji i Łączności, 2000.
Frank M. White.Rodzaje przepływów.Fluid Mechanics 4th Edition, Mcgraw-Hill College, 1998.
B.Sc.Mateusz WASIK [email protected] Silesian University of Technology POLAND 17 / 18
Thank you for your attention!
B.Sc.Mateusz WASIK [email protected] Silesian University of Technology POLAND 18 / 18