nunn-lugar report

8/8/2019 NUNN-LUGAR REPORT

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Richard G. Lugar , Uni ted States Senator ht tp ://lugar .senate.gov

INSIDE THIS REPORT:

Lugars Extraordinary Summer ofDiplomatic Activity

3

Lugar, Obama Urge Destruction ofConventional Weapons Stockpiles

4

Lugar, Obama Inspect RussianWarhead Destruction Facility

6

Photos from the Lugar, ObamaTrip

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The Nunn-Lugar Program 8

Russia Ukraine Azerbaijan

Ukrainian President VictorYuschenko to advance the

agreement.

In the May 16 letter toYuschenko, Lugar wrote, Forseveral years, the United

States has sought to expandour cooperation to includepreventing the spread ofbiological pathogens andexpertise to terrorists. Thishigh priority initiative includesa provision for a modern, safe

and secure diagnostic healthlaboratory and a nationalnetwork of epidemiologicalmonitoring stations equipped

to rapidly detect, diagnoseand respond to infectiousdisease outbreaks throughoutUkraine, whether naturallyoccurring or as a result ofbioterrorism. Suchcooperation is ongoing withGeorgia, Uzbekistan andKazakhstan, and just lastweek, the government of

Azerbaijan signed anagreement to cooperate in

this area. Unfortunately,bureaucratic obstacles in yourgovernment continue to blockconclusion of such anagreement between theUkrainian Ministry of Healthand the U.S. Department of

Defense.

Intervention in recent days byPrime Minister YuliyaTymoshenko broke a log jamwithin Ukrainian government

bureaucracy.

Were going to cooperate inall aspects of the Nunn-Lugarprogram, Tymoshenko told

Lugar in a meeting.

Youve giving us good news.We know that yourintervention made possible

August 2005

NE W NU N N -LU G A R B I O L O G I C A L AG R E E M E N T S I G N E D I N UK R A I N E

NUNN-LUGARREPORT

Nunn-Lugar Transports Dangerous Germs to U.S.BAKU, Azerbaijan -- The Nunn-Lugar Cooperative ThreatReduction program has

transported 124 samples of62 unique strains ofcausative agents of plague,anthrax, cholera and otherdangerous diseases from

here to Washington, DC.

The germs were moved to theU.S. Armed Forces Institute ofPathology in Washington, DCby U.S. military transport onSeptember 2. U.S. Sen. DickLugar concluded the transportagreement during a meetingwith Azerbaijan PresidentIlham Aliyev here on August

31.

This is an importantcooperation between our twogovernments to counter the

threat of bio-terrorism and toprevent the proliferation ofbiological weapons,

technology, materials andexpertise. This is also an

continued on page 2

continued on page 3

KIEV, Ukraine U.S. Sen. DickLugarannounced that

the United Statesand Ukrainehave signed anagreement tocounter the

threat ofbioterrorism and

to prevent theproliferation ofbiologicalweapons,

technology,materials and

expertise.

This new Nunn-LugarCooperativeThreat Reduction

agreement wassigned here onAugust 29,2005, during avisit by Lugar, co-author of the program andU.S. Sen. Barack Obama (D-IL). Negotiations on theagreement have gone on for

more than a year.

In May, Lugar wrote to

Senate Foreign Relations Committee Chairman Dick Lugar (R-IN) and Committee memberBarack Obama (D-IL) at a base near Perm where mobile launch missiles are being destroyed bythe Nunn-Lugar program.


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the signing of the cooperativebiological agreement, Lugar

responded.

Under the agreement, theU.S. will assist Ukraine to:

Upgrade the security forpathogens currently stored atvarious health laboratories

throughout Ukraine;

Significantly reduce thetime required to accuratelydiagnose disease outbreaksin Ukraine and assesswhether they are natural or

the result of a terrorist act;

Allow for cooperation todevelop better diagnostic

tools and treatments toprotect both U.S. andUkrainian populations againstinfectious diseases. Thisincludes leveraging U.S.

laboratory capabilities toimprove detection of endemic

diseases in Ukraine.

The signing came as Lugarand Obama visited the KievCentral Sanitary andEpidemiological Station, oneof the facilities that will be

covered under the agreement.

The Station maintains a

pathogen collection andconducts work on many highlydangerous infections reportedin Ukraine. These includepathogens causing diseasessuch as: Anthrax, Tularemia,

Brucellosis, Listeriosis,Diphtheria, Cholera, Typhoid,

and others.

Previously, scientists at the

Station had been paid just$100 per month. This year,10 employees of the Centerbegan participating in the firstScience and TechnologyCenter-Ukraine, affiliated with

the Nunn-Lugar program. TheScience and TechnologyCenter-Ukraine employsscientists in peaceful work.Several other projects are

being discussed.

The Nunn-Lugar programlooks forward to assisting the

Central Sanitary andEpidemiological Station instrengthening biosafety andbiosecurity, enhancing itsmolecular diagnosticcapability and expandingresearch cooperation with theUnited States under this new

agreement, Lugar said.

At the Anti-Plague Institute inOdessa, Ukraine, the Nunn-

Lugar program will expand thestudy and capacity todiagnose the spread of avianflu in migratory birds, a majorinfluenza concern around the

world.

When we think of the majorthreats to our nationalsecurity, the first to come tomind are nuclearproliferation, rogue states andglobal terrorism. But anotherkind of threat lurks beyondour shores, one from nature,not humans -- an avian flupandemic. An outbreak couldcause millions of deaths,destabilize Southeast Asia (itslikely place of origin), and

threaten the security ofgovernments around theworld, Lugar and Obamawrote in a June 6 op-ed in The

New York Times.

In response to this threat,Lugar and Obama wrote,the Senate ForeignRelations Committeeunanimously approvedlegislation directing PresidentBush to form a senior-level

task force to put in place aninternational strategy to deal

with the avian flu andcoordinate policy among ourgovernment agencies. Weurge the Bush administration

to form this task forceimmediately without waitingfor legislation to be passed.

Earlier in the trip, Lugar andObama visited the RussianResearch Institute ofPhytopathology at Golitsino, aformer biological weapons

facility.

The Nunn-Lugar program,through the InternationalScience and TechnologyCenter, has employed 58,000scientists that were previouslyinvolved in weapons of massdestruction programs in the

former Soviet Union.

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. . . B IO WEAPONS AGREEMENT S IGNED

When we think of the

major threats to our

national security, the

first to come to mind are

nuclear proliferation,

rogue states and global

terrorism. But anotherkind of threat lurks

beyond our shores, one

from nature, not

humans -- an avian flu

pandemic. An outbreak

could cause millions of

deaths, destabilize

Southeast Asia (its

likely place of origin),

and threaten the security

of governments around

the world,

-Lugar and Obama

June 6 op-ed

The New York Times.

August 2005

continued from page 1

Senator Lugar in front of pathogens that will be secured by the Nunn-Lugarprogram in a lab near Moscow.


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Nunn-Lugar Report

President Bush asked SenateForeign Relations Committee

Chairman Dick Lugar to takea mission to Algeria andMorocco to complete thearrangements for freeing thelast 404 Moroccan prisonersof war held in Algeria by thePolisario Front, some for more

than two decades.

The United States has longviewed the release of theseprisoners as an importanthumanitarian goal and aconstructive step for peaceand stability in North Africa.

Beyond its humanitarianimportance, the release of theprisoners is a reminder of theneed to maintain peace in theregion and advance stabilityand economic cooperation.The United States stronglysupports an Algerian-Moroccan rapprochementand a peaceful politicalsolution to the question ofWestern Sahara, within a UNframework, that honors theprinciple of self-determination. Although our

mission is purelyhumanitarian, I am hopeful

that Algeria and Morocco canseize on this occasion tocreate a climate conducive to

the settlement of the Western

Sahara issue, Lugar said.

Lugar then traveled to Libyawhere he reaffirmed to

Muammar al Qadhafi U.S.policy that relations with Libya

will continue to improve asthe Libyan governmentcontinues to cooperate on key

issues.

In a rare hour-and-a-halfmidday meeting with Qadhafi,

Lugar emphasized eliminationof the countrys weapons ofmass destruction programs,renunciation of terrorism andhuman rights developmentsas important steps towardnormalizing relations. Lugaralso met with the Ministers ofManpower and Labor,

Cooperation, and ForeignAffairs, as well as the senior

leadership of the GeneralPeoples Congress and other

senior officials.

I welcomed the earlierhistoric Libyan decision toabandon its weapons of massdestruction programs andlong-range missiles. I noted

the dramatic improvement inU.S.-Libya relations andstressed the U.S. commitment

to a continually improvingrelationship, as cooperationbetween our countries grows.We have important sharedinterests in combating

the Azerbaijan Cabinet ofMinisters in June 2005. In

addition to the pathogentransfer, the two countries willwork together improvingsecurity of the Azerbaijancentral pathogen healthlaboratory. Nunn-Lugar fundswill be used to enhance bio-security and bio-safety. Theprogram will also devisemodern diagnostic anddetection equipment torespond to dangerous diseaseoutbreaks. Azerbaijani

important step in assistingboth countries to rapidlydetect, diagnose and respond

to infectious diseaseoutbreaks, whether naturallyoccurring or as a result of bio-

terrorism, Lugar said.

A Nunn-Lugar biological threatreduction agreement wassigned between the U.S.Department of Defense and

scientists will receive training atU.S. laboratories. The program

will also work with the BakuAnti-Plague Station.

The strains have been collectedover many years fromenvironmental, human andanimal sources in Azerbaijan.The strains will be studied in

join research programs with theU.S. Department of Defenseand Azerbaijan medical

researchers.

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L U G A R S E X T R A O R D I N A R Y S U M M E R O F D I P L O M A T I C AC T I V I T Y

. . .AZERBA I JAN I PATHOGENS FLOWN TO U.S.

In a rare hour-and-a-

half midday meeting

with Qadhafi, Lugar

emphasized elimination

of the countrys weapons

of mass destruction

programs, renunciation

of terrorism and human

rights developments as

important steps toward

normalizing relations.

Lugar also met with the

Ministers of Manpowerand Labor,

Cooperation, and

Foreign Affairs, as well

as the senior leadership

of the General Peoples

Congress and other

senior officials.

continued on page 4


Senator Lugar greets POWs released in Tindouf, Algeria.


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presidential action, the UnitedStates unblocked Libyanassets that had been frozen,renewed airline connections

to Libya, and paved the way

for other commercialcontacts. The United States

has also established adiplomatic interest section inTripoli, though formaldiplomatic relations have not

been reestablished.

Ukrainian leaders appreciateLugars help

In an extraordinary set ofmeetings, Ukrainian leaders,

from the first president of thecountry to the opposition,praised U.S. Sen. Dick Lugarfor his help in developing civic

society in the 14-year historyof the country. They also

thanked Lugar for his help ineliminating the countrysweapons of mass destruction.

Ukraine would have been theworlds third largest nuclearpower had Nunn-Lugar notsecured and removed on of

its warheads and missiles.

Lugar met with PresidentViktor Yushchenko, PrimeMinister Yuliya Tymoshenko,and Rada Speaker VolodymyrLytvyn. He also met withLeonid Kravchuk, the firstpresident of the country, andLeonid Kuchma, the second.

Lugar had met with eachnumerous times to advancethe Nunn-Lugar program inthe country and during theelections of 2004, whenPresident Bush asked Lugar

to be his officialrepresentative because ofLugars history of working withall the players in the country.He has served a similarmission in advocatingdemocratic progress in theRepublic of Georgia. InAzerbaijan on August 31,

2005, Lugar met withPresident Ilham Aliyev,cabinet ministers andoppositions leaders toexpress the importance of fair

elections in November.

Kingdom have contributed

$1.2 million.

While the destruction is ready

to begin, the Ukrainian Rada(parliament) first must pass alaw exempting the foreignassistance from taxation.Lugar and Obama discussed

this issue with Rada SpeakerVolodymyr Lytvyn, PrimeMinister Yuliya Tymoshenkoand President Viktor

Yushchenko in meetingsyesterday. All three leadersindicated they would promoteaction before the March 2006

destruction facility where theU.S. has taken the lead in a

three-year NATO program todestroy the weapons.Another 117,000 tons ofammunition and 1.1 millionsmall arms and light weaponsare slated for destruction

within 12 years.

So far, the U.S. hascontributed $2.1 million to

the project, and Austria,Bulgaria, Luxembourg,Lithuania, Netherlands,Norway, Slovakia,Switzerland, and the United

parliamentary elections.

The visit underscores theimportance of legislation Lugar

and Obama have authored thatwould commit additional U.S.resources and expandauthorities in cooperative

threat reduction ofconventional weapons around

the world. The bill is part of theForeign Relations AuthorizationBill that is pending in theSenate and will be introducedas a free-standing bill by the

senators this fall.

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LUGAR S ACT IVE SUMMER OF D I P LOMACY

Lugar, Obama Urge Destruction of Conventional Weapons Stockpiles

August 2005

continued on page 5

Senator Lugar and Ukrainian President Viktor Yushchenko in Kiev.

terrorism, increasinghumanitarian assistance inSudan, and working together

in a number of other areas.In addition, I raised importantongoing issues related tohuman rights, terrorism,economic integration anddevelopment, and regional

matters, Lugar said.

Since Libya renounced itsweapons of mass destructionprograms on December 19,2003, the United States hasbeen exploring ways toimprove contacts with Libya

while continuing to urge thatgovernment to resolveremaining issues related tohuman rights and otherconcerns. On September 20,2004, President Bush

terminated the nationalemergency with respect toLibya and revoked manyexecutive order sanctions.The President noted thatLibya had facilitated theremoval of all criticalelements of its nuclearprograms, acceded to the

Chemical WeaponsConvention, and turned overits weapons of massdestruction documentation,among many other positivesteps. As a result of this


DONETSK, Ukraine U.S.Senators Dick Lugar (R-IN)and Barack Obama (D-IL)called for the immediatedestruction of 15,000 tons ofammunition, 400,000 smallarms and light weapons, and1,000 man-portable airdefense systems (MANPADS)or shoulder missile launchers

that are often sought by

terrorists.

Lugar and Obama toured theDonetsk State ChemicalProduction Plant, aconventional weapons


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Nunn-Lugar Report

stockpile dates from WorldWar I and II, yet most datesfrom Cold War buildup and

the stocks left behind bySoviet withdrawals from East

Germany, the Czech Republic,Hungry and Poland, Obamasaid. We need to eliminate

these stockpiles for the safetyof the Ukrainian people andpeople around world, bykeeping them out of conflicts

around the world.

Estimates by the NATOMaintenance and SupplyAgency suggest a significantproliferation and public safety

threat from the 7 million smallarms and light weapons and 2

million tons of conventionalammunition stored in more

than 80 depots acrossUkraine. These depots werenever designed to hold suchlarge stockpiles and remainvulnerable to those seekingsuch weapons or theircomponents, or tospontaneous detonation insome of the older and larger

ammunition stockpiles.

In March 2005, the Foreign

Relations Committee addedthe Lugar-ObamaDisarmament Initiative to theForeign Affairs Authorization

We discussed MANPADS,landmines and other veryhighly dangerous explosives.Ukraine has huge stockpiles

leftover from previous timesthat are dangerous to peopleof this country as well as thepossibility for proliferation toother countries, Lugar said.We are working to obtainfunds to secure and destroy

these weapons in cooperativethreat reduction. We areencouraging the U.S. andUkraine to work together and

to obtain more funds. Wecame here to see the problemand the solution with our own

eyes.

By the late 1980s, 75percent of all Ukrainesindustrial capacity was used

to produce Soviet weaponry,including strategic weapons.In June 1996, the Nunn-LugarCooperative Threat Reductionprogram successfullyachieved the removal of all1,240 deployed SS-19 andSS-24 strategic nuclear

warheads from Ukraine.

Vast stocks of conventionalmunitions and militarysupplies have accumulated inUkraine. Some of this

Act for Fiscal Years 2006 and2007. The initiative is modeledon the original Nunn-Lugar Act.Its purpose is to provide theDepartment of State with a

focused response to the threatposed by vulnerable stockpilesof conventional weaponsaround the world, including

tactical missiles and MANPADS.Such missile systems could beused by terrorists to attackcommercial airliners, militaryinstallations and governmentfacilities in the U.S. and abroad.Reports suggest that Al Qaedahas attempted to acquire thesekinds of weapons. In addition,unsecured conventionalweapons stockpiles are a major

obstacle to peace,reconstruction and economicdevelopment in regions

suffering from instability.

This bill declares it to be thepolicy of the United States toseek out surplus andunguarded stocks ofconventional armaments,including small arms and lightweapons, and tactical missilesystems for elimination orsafeguarding. It authorizes theDepartment of State to carry

out an accelerated global effortto destroy such weapons and tocooperate with allies andinternational organizations

when possible. TheSecretary of State ischarged with devisinga strategy forprioritizing, on acountry-by-countrybasis, the obligationof funds in a globalprogram ofconventional armselimination. Lastly,

the Secretary isrequired to unifyprogram planning,coordination andimplementation of thestrategy into oneoffice at the StateDepartment and torequest a budgetcommensurate with

the risk posed by

these weapons.

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We discussedMANPADS,

landmines and other

very highly dangerous

explosives. Ukraine has

huge stockpiles leftover

from previous times that

are dangerous to people

of this country as well

as the possibility for

proliferation to other

countries.

We are working to

obtain funds to secure

and destroy these

weapons in cooperative

threat reduction. We

are encouraging the U.S.

and Ukraine to work

together and to obtain

more funds. We came

here to see the problem

and the solution with

our own eyes.

--U.S. Sen. Dick Lugar


Mines that are being destroyed near Donetsk, Ukraine.

. . . THE LUGAR -OBAMA D I SARMAMENT INIT IAT IVE


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U.S. Senators Dick Lugar andBarack Obama had a rare

look at a Russian nuclearwarhead storage facility. Onlya hand full of Americans haveever seen, let alone had theopportunity to inspect, aRussian warhead storagefacility. The facility at Saratovis among the most tightlysecured and secret places in

the world.

Lugar and Obama were drivento the facility with RussianGeneral Igor Valynkin in a vanwith curtains closed. Once at

the facility however, Valynkinled the senators through anextensive inspection. It wasLugars second visit to the

site.

Security equipment andprocedures for the facilitywere provided by the Nunn-

Lugar program.

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L U G A R , O B A M A I N S P E C T RU S S I A N W A R H E A D D E S T R U C T I O N F A C I L I T Y

The experience of Nunn-

Lugar shows that, with

determination and hard

work, we can deny terrorists

access to these devastatingweapons. The attacks on

the World Trade Center

and the Pentagon

galvanized a consensus in

our country that we must

apply to what the 9/11

Commission called a

maximum effort to this

task We must work day

and night to find and

eliminate weapons of mass

destruction. Success will

come only with the

persistent diplomacy and

constant attention from the

highest levels of our

government.

- U.S. Sen. Dick Lugar

August 2005

Security for Russias warhead storage facilities has been developed byNunn-Lugar. This tower is located at the Nunn-Lugar supportedsecurity training center near Moscow.

Nunn-Lugar Fiscal Year Funding

592.7

380

295

363.6 381.5440.4 458.1 442.4

400 416450.8

409.2 415

12.9

246.3

0

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15

Fiscal Year

$Millio

ns

1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006


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Nunn-Lugar Report Page 7

PHO TO S F R O M THE LU G A R , OB A M A TR I P

The importance of theCaspian Sea patrols forweapons of massdestruction cannot beoverstated. The Caspianstretches from Russia in theNorth to Iran in the South,and is a potentiallysignificant smugglingroute.

Baku is also the home of a

new oil terminal, which ispumping one millionbarrels of oil a day througha pipeline to a port inTurkey on theMediterranean. TheNunn-Lugar program hasprovided a boat, otherequipment and training toAzerbaijan to assist in theinspection of ships.

Senators Lugar and Obama at a press conference in Kiev, attended by 80people. Sixty reporters attended a press conference in Baku.

Lugar stands in front of a rocket shell that could have delivered nuclear bombs to theU.S. These mobile launched missiles are being destroyed near Perm, Russia, by theNunn-Lugar Program.


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Nunn-Lugar Report Page 8

TH E NU N N -LU G A R P R O GR A M

In 1991, Senator Lugar (R-IN) and former Senator Sam Nunn (D-GA) authored the Nunn-Lugar Act, which established the Cooperative ThreatReduction Program. This program has provided U.S. funding and expertise to help the former Soviet Union safeguard and dismantle its

enormous stockpiles of nuclear, chemical and biological weapons, related materials, and delivery systems. In 1997, Lugar and Nunn werejoined by Senator Pete Domenici (R-NM) in introducing the Defense Against Weapons of Mass Destruction Act, which expanded Nunn-Lugarauthorities in the former Soviet Union and provided WMD expertise to first responders in American cities. In 2003, Congress adopted theNunn-Lugar Expansion Act, which authorized the Nunn-Lugar program to operate outside the former Soviet Union to address proliferation

threats. In October 2004, Nunn-Lugar funds were used for the first time outside of the former Soviet Union to secure chemical weapons in

Albania, under a Lugar-led expansion of the program.

The latest Nunn-Lugar Scorecard shows that the program has deactivated or destroyed: 6,760 nuclear warheads; 587 ICBMs; 483 ICBMsilos; 32 ICBM mobile missile launchers; 150 bombers; 789 nuclear air-to-surface missiles; 436 submarine missile launchers; 549

submarine launched missiles; 28 nuclear submarines; and 194 nuclear test tunnels.

Beyond the scorecards nuclear elimination, theNunn-Lugar program secures and destroyschemical weapons, and works to reemployscientists and facilities related to biological

weapons in peaceful research initiatives. TheInternational Science and Technology Centers, ofwhich the United States is the leading sponsor,have engaged 58,000 former weapons scientists inpeaceful work. The International ProliferationPrevention Program has funded 750 projectsinvolving 14,000 former weapons scientists andcreated some 580 new peaceful high-tech jobs.Ukraine, Belarus and Kazakhstan are nuclearweapons free as a result of cooperative effortsunder the Nunn-Lugar program. They otherwisewould be the worlds the third, fourth and eighth

largest nuclear weapons powers, respectively.

Chemical Weapons Destruction

Nuclear Security

Missile Destruction

Biological Weapons

Proliferation Prevention

Border Security

24%

38%

14%

14

10

Nunn-Lugar Funding by Mission Area

nunn-lugar report

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