PS1101E/GEK1003Introduction to Politics

Lecture 2

Key terms

• Authority

• Legitimacy

• Charisma

• Max Weber

• Tradition

• Rational-legal

•Great Man Theory

Politics• “the making of decisions by public

means” (Deutsch)

• “(1) politics always involves the making of common decisions for groups of people and (2) those decisions are made by some members of the group exercising power over other members of the group” (Shively)

Power

• the capacity of one person to shape the behaviour of another?

What makes a good leader?

Leadership quotations

“What makes leadership is the ability to get people to do what they don’t want to do and like it.” --Harry Truman

Leadership quotations

“The question, ‘who ought to be boss?,’ is like asking, ‘who ought to be the tenor in the quartet?’ Obviously, the man who can sing tenor.” -- Henry Ford

Leadership quotations

“I have a different vision of leadership. A leadership is someone who brings people together.” -- George W. Bush

Confucius

500 BCEBorn in QufuPublic servant

Niccolo Machiavelli

1469-1527Born in FlorenceCivil servant

Tun Dr Mahathir bin Mohamad

1925-Born in KedahMalaysian PM, 1981-2003

Mahathir the blogger (http://chedet.co.cc/chedetblog/)

HOW TO MUZZLE YOUR CRITICByDr. Mahathir Mohamadon July 30, 2009 3:33 PM | Permalink | Comments (308) | TrackBacks (0)

1. I would like to thank everyone for the comments on the above.

2. Of course I don't like to be criticised. Anyone who says he likes criticism must be a hypocrite.

3. I admit that ever since I became Minister of Education in 1974, through my period as Deputy Prime Minister and then 22 years as Prime Minister I committed a lot of mistakes. I would not be human if I did not.

Confucius on leadership

• Know your place

• “君君臣臣父父子子”

• A lord should act like a lord, a minister like a minister, a father like a father, and a son like son.

Leaders and virtue

• Confucius: Leaders should possess virtue（德）

• Machiavelli: forget virtue

Ends and means

• Machiavelli vs Confucius

• Machiavelli on love: “for love is preserved by the link of obligation which, owing to the baseness of men, is broken at every opportunity for their advantage”

Mahathir on leadership

• Potential leaders = 1,000

• Malaysian population = 27,000,000

• Leaders = 1/27,000, or .0037%

Does leadership matter?

Great Man Theory

Authority

21

Why do people follow an order?

- Force

- Positive incentives

- Rules

- Belief

- Habit?

22

Authority

Coercion vs authority

Authority: involves a belief that an order should be followed

Legitimacy

23

• Charismatic leadership

• Personal obedience to an individual because of belief in his/ her special qualities

24

Legitimate authority of an institution

• Obey because proper procedures were followed

• Impersonal authority

25

POWER

AUTHORITY COERCION

INSTITUTIONALIZED CHARISMATIC

Three types of authority

• Charismatic

• Traditional

• Rational-legal

What is the source of authority for...

• the family?

• court decisions?

• the Pope?

• police officers?

For discussion groups

• Do reading before discussion group

• Print and read essay samples from IVLE