nutrition digestion
TRANSCRIPT
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Nutrition, Gas Exchange, & Circulation: Bioenergetics
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Bioenergetics
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Important Nutrients
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Food Guide Pyramid
The New Food PyramidThe U.S. Department of Agriculture released a new food pyramid, which breaks food categories into a spectrum to emphasize variety. Exercise was introduced as a component of the food pyramid, and 12 individualized intake profiles were added.
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Work It!
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Nutritional Information
http://www.wholefoodsmarket.com/healthinfo/lifestyle_women.html
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How Organisms make Energy
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The Goal of Digestion
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The Human Digestive System
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The Art of Swallowing
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Super Spit..for Real!!
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A Close look at the Stomach
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Important Organs
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Nutrient Absorption in
the Small Intestine
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Surface area to Volume…A Fundamental Constraint of Biological Systems
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Nutrient Breakdown
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The Flow of Nutrients
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Functions of Digestive Organs• Mouth: Foodstuffs are broken down mechanically by chewing and saliva is added as a lubricant. In
some species, saliva contains amylase, an enzyme that digests starch. • Esophagus: A simple conduit between the mouth and stomach - clearly important but only
marginally interesting compared to other regions of the tube. .Parastalsis• Stomach: Where the real action begins - enzymatic digestion of proteins (pepsin) initiated (HCl)
and foodstuffs reduced to liquid form. • Liver: The center of metabolic activity in the body - its major role in the digestive process is to
provide bile salts to the small intestine, which are critical for digestion and absorption of fats. • Pancreas: Important roles as both an endocrine and exocrine organ - provides a potent mixture of
digestive enzymes (pancreatic fluid) to the small intestine which are critical for digestion of fats, carbohydrates and protein.
• Small Intestine: The most exciting place to be in the entire digestive system - this is where the final stages of chemical enzymatic digestion occur and where almost almost all nutrients are absorbed.
• Large Intestine: Major differences among species in extent and importance - in all animals water is absorbed, bacterial fermentation takes place and feces are formed. In carnivores, that's about the extent of it, but in herbivores like the horse, the large intestine is huge and of critical importance for utilization of cellulose.
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Recap
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Comparative Anatomy: Vertebrates
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Comparative Anatomy: Inverts