nutrition health
TRANSCRIPT
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Global Disparities in Nutrition and Health
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What factors account for disparities in world nutrition?
• Failure of distribution systems
Food distribution in Mogadishu
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What factors account for disparities in world nutrition?
• The inability of people to pay the cost
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What factors account for disparities in world nutrition?
• Traditional cultural practices that favor males over females
• Differential neglect
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Which parts of the world are the most vulnerable to hunger?
• Average daily/capita calorie consumption:
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What factors account for a higher incidence of infant
mortality?
• World infant mortality
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What factors account for a higher incidence of infant
mortality?• Physical health of the mother• Improper weaning
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What factors account for a higher incidence of infant
mortality?• Poor sanitation• Diarrhea
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What factors account for a higher incidence of infant
mortality?• Malnutrition
Marasmus can develop into Kwashiurkor
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Child Mortality
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World Life Expectancy at Birth
What factor accounts for the large gap between LDCs and MDCs?
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Types of diseases
• Infectious– Viral– Bacterial– Parasitic
• Chronic/degenerative
• Genetic/inherited
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Epidemic
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Pandemic
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Endemic Diseases
• endemic - a disease that is constantly present to a greater or lesser degree in people of a certain class or in people living in a particular location
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A disease agent is an organism that spreads infectious diseases
hookwormvirus
bacteria
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Vectored diseases are carried from one host to the next by an
intermediate host--a vector.Non-vectored diseases are spread through contact--a handshake or a
kiss.
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World Distribution of Malaria
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Distribution of Yellow Fever
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Sleeping Sickness
Diffusion ofSleeping Sickness
Tsetse fly vectors
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Areas of Schistosomiasis (Bilharzia) Risk
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Dr. Snow’s Map
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Life Cycle of a New Strain of Influenza Virus
• Pigs act as the host of strains from both humans and birds.
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World AIDS
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Chronic diseases--ongoing and/or diseases of aging
• The “epidemiological transition” occurs as a population develops and the major causes of death are chronic or degenerative diseases rather than infectious diseases.
• Heart disease, type II diabetes, cancer
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Genetic diseases
• Sickle-cell anemia (African population)
• Down’s syndrome
• Phenylketonuria (European population)
• Galactosemia (milk allergy)
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Geophagy
• Eating dirt to gain calcium.
• Common practice in Africa--brought to US with slavery.