nutritionduringpregnancy-130217080952-phpapp01.ppt

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utrition Duringutrition During

Pregnancyregnancy



Importance of Goodmportance of Goodutrition during Pregnancyutrition during Pregnancy Affects maternal well being and maternal Affects maternal well being and maternaloutcomesoutcomes

Not getting enough micronutrients causes lowNot getting enough micronutrients causes lowbirth weight, premature birth, and other fetalbirth weight, premature birth, and other fetalproblemsproblems

Micronutrients include: folic acid, iron, omega-3Micronutrients include: folic acid, iron, omega-3

fatty acids, Vitamin A, calcium, Vitamin andfatty acids, Vitamin A, calcium, Vitamin andiodineiodine



FolicolicAcidcid

!educes ris" of!educes ris" ofha#ing a baby withha#ing a baby withneural tubeneural tubedefectsdefects

!educes the ris"!educes the ris"of premature birthof premature birth!ecommended!ecommendedamount of folicamount of folic

acid is $%&acid is $%&milligrams '&$$milligrams '&$$micrograms( permicrograms( perdayday



Folic Acidolic Acid

)upplement should be started at least)upplement should be started at leastone month before getting pregnantone month before getting pregnant

It is recommended that any womanIt is recommended that any womanof childbearing age should beof childbearing age should beta"ing folic acid supplementsta"ing folic acid supplements

because they may not "now theybecause they may not "now theyare pregnant until it is too late%are pregnant until it is too late%



Good Sources of Folicood Sources of Folic

AcidcidGreen leafy #egetablesGreen leafy #egetables*ortified cereals*ortified cereals



Ironron

!educes the ris" of premature birth and!educes the ris" of premature birth andlow birth weightlow birth weight

Not getting enough iron could causeNot getting enough iron could causeanemiaanemia+ould contribute to de#elopmental delays and+ould contribute to de#elopmental delays andbeha#ioral disturbances in the infant and poorbeha#ioral disturbances in the infant and poorhealth in the mother health in the mother +ontributes to death and other disease+ontributes to death and other diseasede#elopmentde#elopment



Ironronssential for normalssential for normal

infant braininfant brainde#elopmentde#elopment

Iron helps createIron helps createblood that isblood that isnecessary for fetalnecessary for fetaldemands and blooddemands and bloodloss during deli#ery%loss during deli#ery%



Good Sources of Ironood Sources of Iron

ean red meatean red meatGreen leafy #egetablesGreen leafy #egetables*ortified brea"fast cereals*ortified brea"fast cereals



Omega-3 Fatty Acidsmega-3 Fatty Acids

Important for brain de#elopment andImportant for brain de#elopment andpre#enting preterm birthpre#enting preterm birth

ssential for #isual de#elopmentssential for #isual de#elopment

!educes the incidence of heart disease!educes the incidence of heart diseaseand heart related death of the infantand heart related death of the infant

!ecommended 3$$ milligrams per day!ecommended 3$$ milligrams per day



Good Sources of Omega-ood Sources of Omega-

3 Fatty Acids Fatty Acids*ish oil capsules*ish oil capsules+ertain fish such as salmon, trout,+ertain fish such as salmon, trout,mac"erel, sardines, and fresh tunamac"erel, sardines, and fresh tunaVegetable oils such as sunflower,Vegetable oils such as sunflower,rapeseed, fla.seed, and walnut oilsrapeseed, fla.seed, and walnut oils



Calcium and Vitamin Dalcium and Vitamin D+alcium and #itamin+alcium and #itamin

are needed for are needed forstrong bones andstrong bones and

teethteethVitamin is neededVitamin is neededfor the formation offor the formation ofthe fetal bonesthe fetal bones!ecommended /$!ecommended /$micrograms ofmicrograms ofVitamin per dayVitamin per day



Good Sources ofood Sources of

Calcium and Vitamin Dalcium and Vitamin DMil" and other dairy productsMil" and other dairy products

ggsggs

MeatMeat+ertain fish such as salmon, trout,+ertain fish such as salmon, trout,mac"erel, sardines, and fresh tunamac"erel, sardines, and fresh tuna



Vitamin A and Iodineitamin A and IodineVitamin A is needed inVitamin A is needed in smallsmall amounts toamounts toprotect the fetus from immune systemprotect the fetus from immune systemproblems, blindness, infections, and deathproblems, blindness, infections, and death

+an cause birth defects in high doses+an cause birth defects in high dosesac" of iodine could contribute to stillbirth,ac" of iodine could contribute to stillbirth,

birth defects, and decreased brainbirth defects, and decreased brain

de#elopmentde#elopmentIodine is important for brain de#elopmentIodine is important for brain de#elopment



No Alco ol and !imited CaffeineNo Alco ol and !imited Caffeine

0rotect the infant from fetal alcohol0rotect the infant from fetal alcoholsyndrome and other birth defectssyndrome and other birth defects

A#oid alcohol, including all wines, beers, hard A#oid alcohol, including all wines, beers, hard

li1uor, and wine coolersli1uor, and wine coolers2igh caffeine inta"e lin"ed to low birth2igh caffeine inta"e lin"ed to low birthweight and spontaneous fetal deathweight and spontaneous fetal death

A#oid food and be#erages such as teas, A#oid food and be#erages such as teas,coffee, colas, energy drin"s, and chocolatecoffee, colas, energy drin"s, and chocolate



"eig t Gain and Caloriceig t Gain and Caloric

Inta#enta#e0attern of weight gain during pregnancy is more0attern of weight gain during pregnancy is moreimportant than the total amount of weight gainedimportant than the total amount of weight gained

It is better to gain the ma ority of yourIt is better to gain the ma ority of yourpregnancy weight during the last twopregnancy weight during the last twotrimesterstrimesters



"eig t Gain and Calorieeig t Gain and Calorie

Inta#enta#eo not consume anymore calories thano not consume anymore calories than

normal per day during the first trimester normal per day during the first trimester 3&$ additional calories recommended3&$ additional calories recommendedper day during the second trimesterper day during the second trimester&4$ additional calories recommended&4$ additional calories recommended

per day during the third trimesterper day during the third trimesterNeeded for ade1uate fetal growth and toNeeded for ade1uate fetal growth and tosupport the higher maternal metabolismsupport the higher maternal metabolism



Foods to a$oid oroods to a$oid or

minimi%e & en pregnantinimi%e & en pregnant

Alcohol Alcohol+affeine from coffee, tea, soft drin"s,+affeine from coffee, tea, soft drin"s,energy be#erages, and other sourcesenergy be#erages, and other sources!aw or 5ndercoo"ed *ood of Animal!aw or 5ndercoo"ed *ood of Animal6rigin6rigin

+ertain )eafood and *ish+ertain )eafood and *ish



'ffects of Poor utritionffects of Poor utrition

During Pregnancyuring Pregnancy

In ade1uate nutrition during pregnancy canIn ade1uate nutrition during pregnancy canlead to a difficult pregnancy, labour difficulties,lead to a difficult pregnancy, labour difficulties,

and a slower reco#ery%and a slower reco#ery%0oor nutrition can lead to labour commencing0oor nutrition can lead to labour commencingtoo early%too early%0regnant women who are o#erweight or obese0regnant women who are o#erweight or obeseha#e a greater ris" for de#eloping gestationalha#e a greater ris" for de#eloping gestationaldiabetes, hypertension, preclampsia or needingdiabetes, hypertension, preclampsia or needinga +esarean section deli#ery%a +esarean section deli#ery%



Ot er 'ffects on t et er 'ffects on t e

C ildild



'ig t (uestion (ui%ig t (uestion (ui%



)* " en is nutrition* " en is nutritionimportant+mportant+

7efore the pregnancy begins7efore the pregnancy begins

uring the actual pregnancyuring the actual pregnancy

After the birth of the baby After the birth of the baby

All the abo#e All the abo#e

A:

B:

C:

D:



Correct,orrect,

Nutrition is importantNutrition is importantbefore pregnancy tobefore pregnancy toprepare the body for theprepare the body for the

baby% It is essentialbaby% It is essentialduring the pregnancy toduring the pregnancy toma"e sure the baby isma"e sure the baby issafe% After the birth, it issafe% After the birth, it isimportant to eat healthyimportant to eat healthyif breastfeeding and toif breastfeeding and toget your body bac" to aget your body bac" to ahealthier state%healthier state%

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* " at is t e* " at is t eimportance Folic Acid +mportance Folic Acid +

0re#ents Neural 8ube efects0 re#ents Neural 8ube efects

!educes the ris" of premature birth!educes the ris" of premature birth

2elps the baby9s heart pump better 2elps the baby9s heart pump better

A 7 A 7

A + A +

All of the Abo#e All of the Abo#e

F:

E:

D:

C:

B:

A:



.ou/re 0ig t,ou/re 0ig t,

*olic Acid reduces*olic Acid reducesthe ris" of neuralthe ris" of neural

tube defects andtube defects andthe ris" ofthe ris" ofpremature birth%premature birth%



3* " at is a good source* " at is a good source

of Folic Acid+f Folic Acid+

Mil"Mil"

Green leafy #egetablesGreen leafy #egetables

All fruits All fruits

None of the abo#eNone of the abo#e

B:

D:

A:

C:



Correct,orrect,

Green leafy #egetablesGreen leafy #egetablesare a good source ofare a good source offolic acid% )o arefolic acid% )o arefortified cereals%fortified cereals%




of Iron+f Iron+

+arrots+arrots

)oup)oup

*ortified +ereal*ortified +ereal

;hole Mil";hole Mil"

B:

A:

D:

C:




*ortified cereals, as*ortified cereals, aswell as green leafywell as green leafy

#egetables and#egetables andlean red meats, arelean red meats, area good source ofa good source of

iron%iron%




of Omega- 3 Fattyf Omega- 3 Fatty

Ac ids+c ids+)tea")tea" 8rout8rout

)almon)almon +hic"en+hic"en

A A 7 +7 +

D:

A:

C:

E: F:

B:



Correct,orrect,

8rout and )almon are8rout and )almon aregood sources ofgood sources of

6mega-3 *atty Acids%6mega-3 *atty Acids%



* " at is a good source* " at is a good sourceof Calcium and Vitaminf Calcium and VitaminD++ airy productsairy products

*ruit*ruit

VegetablesVegetables

7read7read

A :

D:

B:

C:




airy products areairy products area good source ofa good source of

+alcium and+alcium andVitamin % ggs,Vitamin % ggs,meat, and certainmeat, and certainfish are also goodfish are also goodsources%sources%



4* " ere is caffeine found* " ere is caffeine found

8ea8ea

+offee+offee

+ola+ola

+hocolate+hocolate

All of the Abo#e All of the Abo#e

C:

D:

E:

A:

B:




All of these are All of these aresources of caffeinesources of caffeine

and should beand should bea#oided duringa#oided duringpregnancy%pregnancy%



5* 6o& many e7tra calories* 6o& many e7tra calories

s ould you eat during t eould you eat during t et ird trimester+ird trimester+<ero<ero

3&$3&$

&4$&4$

=$$=$$

A:

A:

A:

A:



Correct,orrect,

&4$ e.tra calories&4$ e.tra caloriesshould be consumedshould be consumedduring the third trimester%during the third trimester%3&$ e.tra should be3&$ e.tra should be

consumed during theconsumed during thesecond, and no e.trasecond, and no e.tracalories are necessarycalories are necessaryduring the first trimester%during the first trimester%

nutritionduringpregnancy-130217080952-phpapp01.ppt

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