o aabu biographi

H. B_p-

C_mlnw t_hn©kn.-Sn.- _-jo¿

]km-[\w:

sKbvkv FPyp-t°-j-W¬ Atkm-kn-tb-j≥

3

t\Xr-kvar-Xn-k-©nI H.-B_pt\Xr-kvar-Xn-k-©nI H.-B_p

2

]km-[-I-°p-dn∏v

BIm-iØp ]S-cm\pw I\n \¬Im-\pw Ign-b-W-sa-¶n¬ aÆn¬ thcn-d°n hocyw hen-s®-Sp-°-W-sa-∂Xv ]Ir-Xn-\n-b-a-am-Wv. Hmtcm Xe-ap-dbpw ap≥ap-d-°m-cn¬ \n∂v kmwkvIm-cn-Im-kvXn-Iƒ G‰p-hm-ßp-Ibpw]pXp-ap-d-°m¿°v ]mI-am-Ip∂ Xc-Øn¬ ]pXp-°p-Ibpw hcpw-X-e-ap-d°vth≠n Icp-X-temsS ImØp-sh-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂Xv AXp-sIm-≠m-Wv.am‰-ß-tfm-Sn-W-ßn-\n∂v s]mcp-Ø-s∏-Sp-∂-Xn\v kaq-l-a-\ v Ft∏mgpwkmh-Imiw tXSp-∂p-≠v. AXn-∂-h-kcw \¬Im-ØX IqSnb KXn-th-K-amWv ae-bm-fn-bpsS am‰-Øn-\p-≈-Xv. tIc-fo-b¿ Ime-ß-fmbn ImØp-sh® CuSp-sh-∏p-Iƒ ]eXpw Cu IpsØm-gp-°n¬ IS-]p-g-Ip-∂p.aÆns‚ aWhpw \nd-hp-an-√mØ Hcp hnNnX kwkvImcw ]Xps° tIc-f-Øn¬ cq]-s∏-´p-h-cp-∂p. kmw-kvIm-cnI XpS¿®-bn¬ kw`-hn-°p∂CS¿®-bnep≈ thh-emXn ]escbpw CS-s]-Sp-∂Xn∂v t]cn-∏n-°p-∂p≠v."t\Xr-kvar-Xn-k-©nI' ]k-‡-am-Ip-∂Xv Chn-sS-bm-Wv. Zo¿L-Ime ]k-‡n-bp≈ aqey-ß-fpsS Poh¬am-Xr-I-Iƒ ]pXp-X-e-ap-dbv°v ssIam-dp-hm-\p≈ Ffnb ia-am-Wn-Xv.

DZm-c-a-Xn-I-fmb ]fin-X≥am¿ t]mepw "Aip≤'sa∂p hnfn®v mjm-t`-Z-ßsf hnNm-cW sNbvX ImeØv Ad-_n-a-e-bm-fsØ Ipdn®v A`n-am-\-tØmsS kwkm-cn-®p-sIm-≠n-cp∂ `mjm-kvt\-ln-bmWv H.-B-_p.sslkvIqƒ hnZym-`ym-khpw aq¿t°mØv Ipam-cs‚ injy-Xzhpw amXwBkvXn-bm°n, ]Xn-`bpw ]b-Xv\hpw sIm≠v A£-c-tem-IØv "IS-∂n-cp∂' hy‡n. `mjm Kth-j-Whpw kmlnXy Ncn-X-c-N-\-bp-am-bn,Ncn-XPoh-N-cnX cN-\-bp-am-bn, ]X-]-h¿Ø-\hpw hnh¿Ø-\-hp-am-bn,Ihn-X-sb-gp-Øm-bn... Aßs\ B_p-km-ln-_ns‚ I¿Ω-a-fi-e-ß-sf√mw A£-c-ß-fp-ambn _‘-s∏-´-Xm-bn-cp-∂p. At±-l-Øns‚ kmln-Xy-i-a-ßsf ASpØp\n∂v ]cn-tim-[n-°p-I-bmWv Cu KŸ-Øns‚BZy-`m-KØv C_mlnw t_hn-©. B-_p-hns‚ hy‡n-Po-hn-X-Øn-te°vshfn-®w-ho-ip-∂p, A\-¥-c-`m-KØv kl-]-h¿Ø-I-\m-bn-cp∂ kn.-Sn.-_-jo¿.

Hcp Zim-_vZ-°m-e-ambn hnZym- ymk kmwkvIm-cn-I-cw-KØv ]h¿Øn-®p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p∂ kwL-S-\-bmWv sKbvkv FPyp-t°-jW¬ Atkm-kn-tb-j≥. ]mc-º-cy-]-T-\-Øns‚ `mK-ambn Gs‰-SpØ ][m\ s]mP-IvSp-I-fn-sem-∂mWv "t\Xr-kvar-Xn-k-©nI'. G‰hpw A\n-hm-cy-sa∂p Icp-Xp∂ Cu kwcw-`-tØmSv ae-bm-fo-hm-b-\-°m¿ A\p-Iq-e-ambn ]Xn-I-cn-°p-sa∂v hniz-kn-°p-∂p.

MalayalamNethru Smrithi Sanchika-1

O. Aabu(Biography)

byEbrahim Bevinja

&C.T. Basheer

General EditorP.A. Rasheed

Project Co-ordinatorK. Aboobacker

[email protected]

All rights reservedFirst Edition: December 2010

Published byGrace Educational Association, P.B. No: 3

Malappuram Dt., PIN : 676317

Production & Designwww.wampee.in

DTP & LayoutSignX-Vtk / 9495642332

Printed in Indiaat

..........................

Distributors:Grace Books

Camp Sayyid, P.B.No. 3Malappuram Dt - 676317

Rs. 75/-

D≈-S°w

1. B_p-]-T-\-ß-fpsS ]›m-Øew ................................................ 82. B_p-hns‚ ]m´p-I-fnse Imhym-fl-IX .............................. 17 B_p-hns‚ hnh¿Ø-\-km-lnXyw3. apl-ΩZv Ak-Zns‚ Ckvemw hgn-Øn-cn-hn¬..................... 224. CJv_m-ens‚ Pohn-X-c-lkyw ................................................. 285. ssZh-Øns‚ a\p-jy≥ ............................................................... 346. K m-en-bpsS Clvbm Deq-ap-±o≥ ............................................. 387. JmPmIam-ep-±os‚ Jp¿-B≥ ]T-\-Øn\v Hcmap-Jw ......... 418. AlvaZv GP¬ hmins‚ Zo\p¬ Ckvemw ......................... 44 B_p-hns‚ Poh-N-cn-X-K-Ÿ-ßƒ9. Poh-N-cn-X-c-N-\bv°v Hcp apJ-°p-dn∏v .................................. 4710. Kukp¬ AAvfw.......................................................................... 4911. koXn-km-ln_v ............................................................................... 5312. alm≥am-cpsS Ipń-°mew ......................................................... 585. -D-ss_Zpw B_phpw ...................................................................... 616. B_p˛ sshNn-Xy-ß-fpsS Bƒcq]w .................................. 65

`mKw-˛2

1. B_p-hns‚ Ad-_o-a-e-bmf ]cy-S\w .................................. 722. ssZ\y-X-bpsS hS-t°-b‰w ......................................................... 883. Kpcpinjy-_-‘-Øns‚ A\p-]a NI-hmfw ..................... 98

C_mlnw t_hn©Imk¿tKmSv Pn√-bnse t_hn-©-bn¬ 1954 sabv 30\v

A_vZp√°p™n apkveym-cpsS bpw sNºn-cn° DΩmenbpΩ-bp-tSbpw aI-\mbn P\n-®p. Imk¿tKmSv Kh¨sa‚ v tImtf-Pn¬ \n∂vCw•ojv `mj-bnepw kmln-Xy-Ønepw _ncp-Zw. ]´mºn kwkvIrXtImtf-Pn¬ \n∂v ae-bm-f-Øn¬ Fw.-F. _ncp-Zw. tImgn-t°mSv bqWn-th-gvkn-‰n-bn¬ \n∂v Fw.-^n¬. 1980-˛81 ImeØv NµnI Zn\-]-X-Øn¬ kl-]-Xm-[n-]¿. 1981 apX¬ Imk¿tImSv Kh¨sa‚ v tImtf-Pv, IÆq¿ hna≥kv tImtf-Pv, tKmhn-µss] kvamcI tImtf-Pv, at©-izcw F∂n-hn-S-ß-fn¬ ae-bmfw A[ym-]-I≥. 2010 am¿®v 31\v hnc-an®p. tIcf kmlnXy A°m-Zan AwK-am-bn-cp-∂p. kakvX tIcf kmlnXy ]cn-j-Ønepw AwK-am-Wv. tImgn-t°mSv bqWn-th-gvkn-‰n-bn¬ \n∂v bp.-Pn. t_m¿UvHm^v ÃUo-knepw ]n.-Pn. t_m¿Uv Hm^v ÃUo-knepw AwK-am-bn-cp-∂p.

Dss_-Zns‚ Ihn-Xm-tem-Iw, apkvenw kmaq-ln-I-Po-hnXw ae-bm-f-Øn¬,Ckvem-anI kmln-Xyw ae-bm-f-Øn¬, ]£n-∏m´v Hcp ]p\¿hm-b-\, _jo¿ Znapkvenw, \nf-X∂ \ms´-gp-Øp-Iƒ F∂nhbmWv ]kn-≤o-I-cn® IrXn-I-ƒ.samKm¬ Ihn-Iƒ, ]≈n-°c Fw.-sI. Al-Ω-Zns‚ am∏n-f-∏m- p-Iƒ, s]m≥Ip∂wskbvZp-ap-l-Ω-Zns‚ aml-ΩZw F∂n-h-sb-Ip-dn®v ]T-\-ßƒ ]kn-≤o-I-cn-®n- p-≠v.]n.-Sn.-A-_vZp-d-lvams‚ IdpØ apØv sXm´v ]Xn-\-t©mfw ]kn-≤-cmb Fgp-Øp-Im-cpsS ]pkvX-I-ßƒ°v apJ-]-T-\-ßƒ.

A_q-Zm_n sI.-Fw.-kn.-kn, A_p-Zm_n ssdt‰gvkv t^mdw, jm¿P sI.-Fw.-kn.-kn, Imk¿tKmSv kmln-Xy-th-Zn, \Sp-tØm-∏n¬ A_vZp-√, Fw.-F-kv.-sam-Km¬, samd-bq¿ anX-thZn XpSßn ]Øv Ahm¿Up-Iƒ. NµnI hmcm-¥-∏-Xn-∏n¬ ]k‡n (18 h¿jw), am[yaw Zn\-]-X-Øn¬ Imcy-hn-Nmcw (5 h¿jw),am[yaw hmcm-¥-∏-Xn-∏n¬ IY t]mb -am-k-Øn¬ (6 h¿jw), Bcmaw amkn-I-bn¬ s]¨hgn-Iƒ (6 h¿jw), XqenI amkn-I-bn¬ Nn¥\ (7 h¿jw), cnkmehmcn-I-bn¬ ]Im-iIw (3 h¿jw) F∂o tImfßƒ FgpXn-. Imk¿tKmSv hm¿Øm-s\-‰n¬ lrZ-b-]q¿∆w F∂ tImfw ssIImcyw sNøp-∂p. Jp¿-B-\nI kuµ-cy-im-kvX-sØ-Ip-dn®v Kth-jWw sNøp-∂p. ae-bmf kmln-Xy-Ønse atX-Xc`mhsØ Ipdn-®p≈ ]T\w ]q¿Øn-bm-bn-´p-≠v. `mcy Sn.-]n.-jm-ln-Z, a°ƒ:i_m\ dô-Jv, dnkvhm\ khm-_v, in_nen APva¬, hnemkw: sX°n¬s^dn]n.-H, sNß-f, Imk¿tIm-Sv. t^m¨: 04994280402

knSn _jo¿P\\w: Xe-t»-cn-bn¬, tabv 31 1940. sNdnb ssXtØm-SØv ]®p-

hn-s‚bpw bpSn A_vZp¬ JmZ-dp-sSbpw ZznXob ]pX≥. ktlm-Z-c¿ap -°p- n, lmcnkv. mcy: FsI dpJnb. a°ƒ: apl-ΩZv dô-Jv, dioZmkenw, ap_m-d-Iv, apl-ΩZv mdqJv. hnZym-`ymkw: aZ- -Xp¬ C…m-anbkvIqƒ, ap_m-dIv sslkvIqƒ, Kh. _Æ≥ tImtf-Pv. DtZymKw: hf-]-´Ww shtÃ¨ C¥ym ]vssfhp-Uvknse skbn¬kv amt\-P¿. 2006-˛¬ hnc-an-®p.

IrXn-Iƒ: kz¿§ob k√m]w (teJ-\-k-am-lmcw), hb-emdpw hm¬I-ºnbpw(]T-\-ßƒ), GIm¥k‘y-Iƒ (an\n Ihn-X-Iƒ), ]mXn-_m-eyw ]mXn-a-cWw (kva-c-W-Iƒ)

Xqen-Im-\maw: A_q ap_m-dIvhnemkw: ]im¥w, ]n.-H Nnd-°¬, IÆq¿-˛670011, t^m¨: 0497-˛2778593

7


6

apJ-hpc

B_p-hns‚ A£-c-temIw hfsc hn]p-e-am-Wv. hnti-j-s∏´ B temIsØ kºq¿Æhpw ka-K-hp-ambn hne-bn-cp-Øm≥ Ign-™n-´n-√. B_p ]pkvX-I-ß-fpsS Ae-`y-X-bmWv apJy Imc-Ww. e`y-amb ]pkvX-I-ß-sf-°p-dn-®p≈sIm®p-]-T-\-ß-fm-Wn-Xv.

B_p-hns‚ apJy IrXn -I -fmb Ad-_oa -e -bmfkmlnXy Ncn-Xw, io\m-cm-b-Ws‚ GI-tem-IwF∂o hne-s∏´ ]pkvX-I-ßsf hne-bn-cp-Øn-bn-cn-°p-∂Xvkn.-Sn.-_-jo-dm-Wv. B_p kmln-Xy-Øns‚ AIhpw ]pdhpwa\- n-em-°nb BfmWv At±lw. AXn-\m¬ B ]pkvX-I-ßsf°pdn-®v Imcy-am-b- H∂pw Rm≥ Xømdm°nb `mK-Øn-√.

B_p-amjv acn-®n´v 30 h¿jw ]q¿Øn-bm-hp-I-bm-Wv.Ct∏m-sg-¶nepw ]cn-an-Xn-I-tfmsS Cu ]pkvX-I-sam-cp-°m≥Ign-™-Xn¬ [\y-X-bp-≠v. Dss_Zv Ihn-X-I-sf°pdn-®p≈Fs‚ ]pkvXIØns‚ c≠mw `mK-sa∂v ]d-bm-hp∂"H.-B-_p-hns‚ A£-c-temIw' Fgp-Xm-\mbXn¬ Nmcn-Xm¿∞y-ap-≠v. ]p∂-bq¿Ipfw _m∏p-hn-s\-°p-dn®v Fgp-X-W-sa∂v Bin-°p-∂p. AXv km[n-®m¬ am∏n-f-∏m´v Ihn-X-b-Ønse aq∂p t]sc°pdn®pw Fgp-Xm-\mbn F∂v kam-[m-\n-°mw.

t_hn© C_mlnw t_hn©21 Unkw-_¿ 2009

9


8

4. ]i-kvX-ß-fmb am∏nfImhy-ßƒ°v hymJym-\-ß-fpw Sn∏-Wn-Ifpw -\evIn ]p\x]Im-i\w sNøm≥ Bcpw H∂pw sNbvXn-√.

5. "Ad_nae-bm-fw˛ ae-bmfw UnIvjvWdn' F∂ B_p-hns‚ henbkz]v\w C∂pw \nd-th-‰-s∏-ń-ń√.

6. A¿ln-°p∂ AwKo-Imcw B_p-hn\v Inńbn-√.

_l-fhpw s]cp-º-d-bp-an-√mØ \n»–tkh-I≥, ]cm-Xn-Ifpw ]cn-t-Zh-\-ß-fp-an√. Ahm¿Up-Iƒ°v Zmln-®n√. FgpØv At±-l-Øn\vBflo-b-amb k¥p„n t\Sm-\p≈ kpIr-X-am-bn-cp-∂p. 1982˛emWvkn.sI.Icow Cßs\ Fgp-Xn-bXv. C°m-cy-Øn¬ sImt≠m- n-bnse alm-Ihn tambn≥Ip-ńsshZy¿ kvamcIkanXn Iptd Imcy-ßƒ Ct∏mƒsNbvXn-´p-≠v. sshZy-cpsS kºq¿Æ IrXn-I-fpsS hymJym-\-hpw Sn∏-Wnbpw Cu cwKsØ G‰hpw _rl-Ømb ]hrØn-bm-Wv. Ci-ep-I-fpsS dn°m¿Unßpw AhnsS \S-Øn-bn-´p-≠v. am∏n-f-∏m-´p-Isf°pdn®v]kn-≤o-I-cn-°-s∏´ A°m-Z-an°v ]T-\-ßƒ it≤-b-ßƒ Xs∂. "_ncp-Z-ßƒ t\Sp-I, ]ikvXn kºm-Zn-°p-I'˛AXn-\-∏pdw Bflm¿∞-amb]T-\-ßƒ Ct∏mgpw \S-∂n-ń-√. 1982 ImetØ°mtfsd Ct∏mƒam∏nfkwkvIr-Xnbpw ]m´p-Ifpw s]mXpi≤-bn¬ h∂n-´p-≠v. bph-P-t\m’-h-ßƒ, k¿∆-I-em-imem Item’ha’cthZn-Iƒ, hnhn[Nm\epIƒ Ch-sbm-s°-bmWv am∏n-f-∏m-´p-Ifpw AXns‚ kwkvIr-Xn-bpw s]mXpi≤-bn¬ s]Sp-∂-Xn\v Imc-W-ambnØo¿∂-Xv. cm„obhy‡n-XmXv]-cy-ßfpw Ch-bpsS ]n∂n-ep-≠v. ]m´p-Iƒ A[n-Ihpw \ne-sIm-≈p-∂Xv klr-Z-bs‚ timXr-X-S-Øn¬ amXw. Dss_-Zv, B_p, -sI.sI.apl-ΩZv A–p¬ Icow, -kn.-F≥.-AlvaZv aue-hn, _me-Ir-jvW≥ h≈n-°p∂v XpS-ßn-b-h¿ sNbvX-Xp-t]mse X]kym kam-\-ß-fmb ]h¿Ø-\-ßƒ \S-°p-∂n√. Nm\-ep-I-fn¬ Xnf-ßp∂ ]m´p-Im¿°pw]m´p-Im-cn-Iƒ°pw ]ms´-gp-Øp-Im¿°pw hn[n-I¿Øm-°ƒ°pw Cu hnj-b-Øn-ep≈ Adn-hn-√mbva Bscbpw Aº-c-∏n-°p∂XmWv. ]Xo£Xosc-bn-s√-∂-√. Cu hnj-b-Øn¬ Adn-hp-≈-h¿ hnc-en-se-Æm≥ amX-ta-bp-≈q. Ah-cn¬ ]ecpw A[nIw Xma-kn-bmsX PohnXthZn-bn¬ \n∂vhnS-hm-ßm≥ X°]mbap≈h-cp-am-Wv. "kakvX tIcfkmlnXy]cn-j-Øn' -eq -sS Dss_-Zvamjpw Zo¿L-amb FgpØv X]-ky-bn -eqsSB_pamjpw \S-Ønb ia-ßƒ Cu kmlnXyimJsb s]mXpi≤-bn¬ sIm≠p-h-∂p-sh-¶nepw ]n∂oSp \S∂ kr„n-]-c-amb kw`m-h-\-Iƒ F¥v F∂ tNmZyw _m°n \n¬°p∂p. ae-bm-f-Ønse ]apJkmln-Xy-Im-c-∑m-cp-sSbpw ]fin-X-∑m-cp-sSbpw hna¿i-I-cp-sSbpw IptdhmIy-ßƒ DNnXm-\p-Nn-Xm-h-ÿ-I-fn¬ D≤-cn-°m≥ \ap°p Inń F∂t\´hpw ad-°p-∂n-√. "am∏n-f-∏m´p Ihn-Xbw' F∂p hnti-jn-∏n-°-s∏-Sp-

B_p]T-\-ß-fpsS]›m-Øew

1978˛¬ tIcf kwKoX\mSIA°m-Zan sNb¿am-\m-bn-cp∂ssh°w Nµ-ti-J-c≥ \mb¿ B_p-hns‚ kmlnXy Pohn-XsØ]Io¿Øn-®p-sIm≠v \¬Inb ]iwkm ]X-Øn¬ Cßs\ ImWmw:""ae-bmfkmln-Xy-Ønse Hcp apJyhn`m-K-amb am∏nfkmln-XysØXfncp sIm≈n®p-t]m∂ ]Xn-`m-[-\-\mWv B_p. hn`qXn \nd™ ]Xn-`-bm¬ A\pKrlo-X-\mb At±-l-Øns‚ tijvTIrXn-Iƒ a\- n¬shfn-®hpw ssNX-\yhpw Zo]vXnbpw \¬Ip--∂p.'' kc-f-ßfpw `mh-]-[m-\-ß-fp-amb am∏n-f-∏m-´p-I-fpsS cN-bn-Xm-hv, D÷z-e-\mb D]-\ym-k-Im-c≥, ae-bm-f-Ønse GXv mjm ]fin-X-t\m-Sp-sam∏w \n¿Øm-hp∂ ]Xn-`m-imen. B_p-hns‚ KZy-ssienbpw `mjm-]-cn-⁄m-\hpw Ipń-IrjvWamcmsc Hm¿Ωn-∏n-°p-∂p. "Ad_nae-bmf kmln-Xy-N-cnXw'F∂ H‰-IrXn amXw B_p-hns‚ KZy-ssi-en-bpsS AXp-eyX shfn-hm-°pw˛ Cßs\ Fgp-Xp∂ kn.-sI. B ]pkvX-I-Øn¬ B_p Ah-X-cn-∏n® Bi-b-ßsf «mLn®n´p-≠v.

apkvenwkmwkvIm-cnIPohn-X-X-e-ß-fn¬ C∂pw ]cn-l-cn-°-s∏-SmsX InS-°p∂ Nne ]iv\-ßƒ Ccp-]-Ø-©n-e-[nIw sIm√-ßƒ°paptº kn.sI.Icow Fgp-Xn-bn-´p-≠v. Ah Xmsg tN¿°p-∂p:

1. aq∂v Uk\n-tesd IrXn-I-sf-gp-Xnb B_p-hns‚ kmln-Xy-Ir-Xn-Iƒ]Tn-°m≥ Bcpw th≠X ian-®n-ń-√.

2. A]-Im-inXIrXn-Iƒ tXSn-∏n-Sn®v ]kn-≤o-I-cn-°m≥ Bcpw aptºm´vh∂n-√.

3. am∏nf∏m´p-I-fpsS sshhn-≤y-am¿∂ ioep-Iƒ dn°m¿Uv sNbvXpkq£n-°m≥ B_p BK-ln-®n-cp-∂p. A°mcyw At±lw Dt±-in-®Xpt]mse \S-∂n-√.

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10

At\z-jWw `mcn-®-Xm-Wv. AXv I≠p-]n-Sn-°m≥ C\nbpw Gsd Kth-j-W-ßƒ \S-Ø-Ww.

"B_p kvamcIKŸ-'Øn¬ Fs¥ms° Fgp-X-s∏-ń-cn-°p∂pF∂-Xn-s\-°p-dn®v hnlKho£Ww \S-Øm-\mWv ChnsS Xp\n-bp-∂-Xv.KŸ-Øns‚ ap≥t]Pn¬ Xs∂ Fw.-F.-I¬∏‰ F∂ ]ikvXIhn-bpsS "h‰n-t∏mb tX\m¿' F∂ t]cn¬ Hcp -I-hnX B_p-hn-s\-°p-dn-®p-≠v. Iptd \√ am∏n-f-∏m-´p-Iƒ cNn®v, Cub-SpØ Imew hsc Pohn®,ae-bm-f-Ønse ]q¥m-\sØ Hm¿Ωn-∏n-°p∂ BfmWv I¬∏-‰. At±-l-Øn\pw th≠X AwKo-Imcw Inń-bn-cp-∂n-√. sXm¶¬ Cien-¬ cNn®Ihn-X-bn¬, "]ng ]‰mØ t]\'-bmbpw "ae-\m-ńse ]p√m-¶p-g-em'bpw"acp-`q-an-bnse ]qt¥≥' Bbpw B_p-hns\ I¬∏n-°p-∂p-≠v. "Adn-hns‚ _l-dm(IS-em)bn \n∂p-sIm≠v Zo\m¬(-aXw sIm≠v) kph¿°-sØ(-kz¿§-sØ) sXfn®p Imńb "k_o-\'-I-fnse hncp-Ø-ßƒ sIm≠vamtem-I-sc AZr-∏-s∏-Sp-Ønb(-B-›-cy-`cn-X-cm-°n-b) Ihn'-bmbn B_p-hns\ Iev]‰ Ah-X-cn-∏n-°p-∂p.

XpS¿∂p-≈ te-J-\-Øn¬ PmXn-aXt`Z-an-√msX am∏n-f-∏m-ńs‚am[pcyw Bkz-Zn-°p∂ Hcp klr-ZbtemIw \ap°p D≠m-hp-∂-Xns‚]n∂n¬ ]h¿Øn® c≠v kmlnXy\mb-I∑mcmbn Dss_-Zn-s\bpwB_p-hn-s\bpw kn.-F®v. apl-ΩZvtImb Nq≠n-°m-´p-∂p. Ac\q‰m≠pImesØ B_p-hns‚ kmlnXy]cn -i-a -ß-fpsS ê-am-bmWv,"Ad_nae-bmfkmlnXyNcnXw' F∂ \nkvXpeIrXn \ap°p e`n-®-sX∂v kn.-F®v Fgp-Xp-∂p. Kth-jW][m-\-amb B ]pkvXIw`mjmkmln-Xy-Øn\v apX¬°q´v Xs∂-sb∂v Dd-∏n-s®-gp-Xn-bn-cn-°p-∂p.kønZv samlv-bp-±o≥ jm Fgp-Xn-bn-cn-°p-∂Xv, "Ad_nae-bm-f-'sØ-°p-dn-®m-Wv. Cu mjbn-ep-≠m-bn- p≈ ]ZyKZyIrXn-Isf kv]¿in®psIm≠vB_p-hns‚ Kth-j-W-Nm-Xp-cnsb shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂p. ae-_m-dnseapkvenwkap-Zm-b-Øns‚ thcp-Iƒ Ad-_n-a-e-bm-f-Øn-em-sW∂pw CuhmkvXhw ae-bm-fnsb t_m[y-s∏-Sp-Øn-bXv Dss_Zpw B_p-hp-amsW∂pw \nco-£n-°p∂ Fw.-F≥.Imc-t»cn, aX-XØzhnNm-c-hpwhnip≤]mT-ß-sf∂ t]mse ]mtZ-inI Pohn-X-Øns‚ NcnX kvac-W-Ifpw kwkvIr-Xn-bpsS ]tXyI-X-Ifpw sXfn-™p-In-S-°p∂ Cu kmln-Xn-bnse ]q¿∆-ImeIrXn-Iƒ tXSn hni-Z-amb ]T\w \S-Øn, AXn-\mbnHcm-bp v apgp-h≥ ITn\X]- -\p-jvTn-®-bm-fmWv B_p-sh∂v hni-Z-am-°p-∂p. ]mc-º-cy-Øns‚ thcp-Iƒ tXSn-bp≈ Hcp Xo¿∞bmX-bm-bn-cp∂p B_p-hns‚ PohnXw. Ckvem-anI XØzNn¥bm-bn-cp∂p IrXn-I-fn -e-[n -I-Øn-sebpw hnj-bw. C®-a-kvXm≥ -F∂v ]kn-≤-\mbA–p¬Jm-Z¿ akvXms‚ hncp-Ø-ßƒ tiJ-cn®p ]kn-≤o-I-cn-®XvFSpØp ]d-tb≠ t\´-am-Wv.

∂-h-cn¬ H. B_p, ]p∂-bq¿°pfw _m∏p F∂n-h-sc-°p-dn®v Bg-ta-dnb ]T-\-ßƒ h∂-tX-bn-√. \n¿`m-Ky-I-c-amb Cu kml-N-cy-Øn-emWvH.-B_p kvamcIKŸ-Øn-s‚ (1982) A©v, Bdv t]Pp-I-fn¬ ssh°wapl-ΩZv _jo¿ Ipdn®n´ hmN-I-ßƒ hmb-\-°m-cs\ kw_-‘n-®n-S-tØmfw s]m≈p-∂-Xm-Ip-∂-Xv.

""H.-B_p F∂ kmln-Xy-Im-c≥ 45 IrXn-Iƒ cNn®v acn®pt]mbn.Ad_nae-bmf`mj-sb-∏‰n Kth-jWw sNbvXv, Hcp IrXn cNn-®-Xn\v"tIcfkwKoX\mSIA°m-Zan' Ahm¿Uv sImSp-Øp. c≠v aq∂v KŸ-ßƒ°v kΩm-\-ßfpw hmßn-bn-cp∂p.... Ad_n sIm≈mw. ae-bm-fhpwsIm≈mw. Ad_n ae-bmfw 800 sIm√-°m-esØ apkvenw a≠-Ø-cw.Hcp ]mSv Nn¥-I-∑m¿, alm-I-hn-Iƒ Hs° apkvenw kap-Zm-b-Øn\pwae-bmf`mjbv°pw \„-s∏-´p. tambn≥IpńsshZysct∏mep-≈-h¿ \√ae-bmf`mj-bn-emWv Fgp-Xn-bn-cp-∂-sX-¶ntem? H.-B_p D∏pkXym-K-l-Øn¬ ]s¶-Sp-Øn-cp-∂p. temly-bpsS Blzm\w tI´v tkmjy-enÃvIp∏m-b-an´p \S∂ \mfp-Ifpw D≠m-bn-cp-∂p. aq¿t°mØv Ipam-cs‚ injy-\m-bn-cp-∂p. "io\mcm-bWs‚ GI-temIw' F∂ ]_-‘-Øn\v Fkv.-F≥.Un.-]n.-°m¿ kz¿Æ-sa-U¬ sImSp-Øp. io\mcm-b-W-s\-∏‰n `mj-bn¬ Cd-ßn-bn-´p≈ G‰hpw \√ IrXn B_p-hn-t‚-Xm-Wv. CJv_m-en-s\-°p-dn®v cNn® ]_-‘-Øn\v kz¿Æ-sa-U¬ Inń. B ]_‘wKŸcq]-Øn¬ ]kn-≤o-I-cn-°-s∏-ń-ń-√. apkvenao-ß-fpsS A\m-ÿbv°v AXn-cn-√t√m? Iq´-Øn¬ ]d-b-s´. Xe-t»-cn-bn¬ Hcp ]q®NØ-Xp-t]mse B_p acn-®p-.'' Ad_nae-bmf`mj-sb-°p-dn-®p≈ _jo-dns‚ A`n-]mbw A`n-]mbhyXym-k-ß-fpsS sImSp¶m‰pIƒ D≠m-°n-b-Xm-Wv. B_p kmln-_ns‚ ho£-W-ßƒ°v hncp-≤-amWv AXv._jo¿ Xs‚ kz¥w A`n-]mbw ]d-bp-tºmgpw B_p sNbvXkmlnXy]h¿Ø-\-ßsf ]Io¿Øn-°p-∂p-≠v. kmlnXyw Xs∂Hc¿∞-Øn¬ A`n-]mbhyXym-k-ß-fpsS Ie-bm-Wv. c≠p t]cpsS \nco-£-W-ß-fn-epw AXmXn-t‚-Xmb bp‡n-I-fp-≠v. Ad_nae-bmfkmln-Xyw, Ckvem-anIkwkvIr-Xn, apkven-aoß-fpsS NcnXw Ch-bn-se√mwXXv]-ccmbn, Xß-fm¬ Ign-bp∂ I\Økw`m-h-\-Iƒ \¬Inb tUm.kn.-sI.-I-co-an-s\bpw Hcp]mSv \√Imcy-ßƒ sNbvX ]n.-F.-skbvZv apl-Ω-Zn-s\bpw _jo¿ Hm¿Ωn-°p-∂p-≠v. Ah-cpsS acWw apkvenwkap-Zm-b-Øn\v henb \„-am-Wv. 1982˛¬ _jo¿ Fgp-Xnb Cu Ipdn∏v C∂pwIbv]p-ff kXy-ambn Ah-ti-jn-°p-∂p.

B_p]T-\-ßfpsS ]›m-Øew ]cn-tim-[n-°p∂ Hcp ]Tn-Xm-hns‚ apºn¬ hcp-∂Xv ][m-\-ambpw "H.-B_p kvamcIKŸ-'am-Wv.Bscms°, Fhn-sS-sbms° B_p-hn-s\-°p-dn®v Fgp-Xn-bn-´p≠v F∂

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c-amb Xs‚ ta[m-hn-emkw sIm≠pw A]m-c-amb ]mfinXyw sIm≠pw"kô-\-∏m-´p-Iƒ'°v XmXznImwKo-Im-chpw hymI-c-W-hp-ap-≠m°nAXns\ kºp-„-am -°n.'' B_p-hns‚ samØw kw`m-h-\-IsfsXm´pt]mIp∂ teJ-\-amWv tUmŒ¿ Fw.-]n.-ap-l-ΩZv Fgp-Xn-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xv. ]Xn-s\m∂v \q‰m-≠p-Im-esØ ]g-°-ap≈ Ad-_n--a-e-bmfKZykmlnXy ]kn-≤o-I-c-W-ßƒ tXSn-∏n-Sn®v, B `mj Chn-SpsØapkven-aoß-fpsS aX-`m-j-bm-sW∂pw B kmlnXyw Ah-cpsS aX-km-ln-Xy-am-sW∂pw ka¿∞n®v, Ad_nae-bm-fsØ kºp-„-am-°nb\_nNcn-X-ßfpw IYm]pkvX-I-ßfpw ]c-Xn-∏n-Sn®,v \q‰m-≠p-Iƒ ]g-°-ap≈ Ad-_n-a-e-bmfImhy-ßsf B_p a‰p-≈-h¿°v ]cn-N-b-s∏-Sp-Øn-s°m-Sp-Ø-Xn-s\-°p-dn-®mWv sI.-]n.-Ip-™n-aq Fgp-Xn-bn-cn-°p∂-Xv.Sn.-]n.-Ip-ýΩpkmln_v Fs¥-gp-Xn-bmepw AXn-s\mcp X\n-abpw hyXy-kvX-X-bp-ap-≠m-Ipw. B_p-hns‚ en]n ]cn-jvI-c-W-sØ-°p-dn®p≈ At±-l-Øns‚ teJ-\-Ønepw Cu X\na ImWmw.

\m¬]-Xn¬]cw sshhn-[y-ap≈ IrXn-Iƒ cNn® Cu kmln-Xy-Im-cs‚ Pohn-X-Ønse hyXy-kvX-amb Ime-L-´-ß-fnse ho£-W-hn-ti-j-ß-fmWv AXmXp ImesØ IrXn-I-fn¬ \ng-en-°p-∂-sX∂v A_qap_m-d-°ns‚ teJ-\-Øn¬ hni-Z-am-°p-∂p-≠v. \m¬]Xv hb- n\ptijw Ckvem-anI XØz-Nn-¥-bn¬ Xm¬]cyw ]I-Sn-∏n® B_p]n¬°m-eØv I¿Ω-im-kvX-ß-fn¬ AXoh X¬]-c-\m-bn. "^Xvlp¬ap-Cu≥' amÃ-dpsS ssII-fn-eqsS h∂XpsIm≠mWv ae-bm-fn-Iƒ°v a\- n-em-hp∂ ]cp-h-Øn-em-b-sX∂p ]d-bp∂ A_q ap_m-d°v B_p-hns‚\mS-I-ßƒ kap-Zm-b-Øn-ep-≠m-°nb FXn¿∏pI-sf-°p-dn®pw H∏w t\SnbAwKo-Im-c-sØ-°p-dn®pw ]d-™p-sIm≠v apkvenw-Iƒ°n-Sbnse ImXvIpØv Ieym-W-Øn\pw kvXo[-\-Øn-\p-sa-Xnsc \S-Ønb t]mcm-´-ßƒhnh-cn-°p-∂p-≠v. "B_p-hns‚ kZ v' B_p-hns\ cq]-s∏-Sp-Øn-b-sX-ß-s\-sb∂pw B teJ-\-Øn¬ \ap°p hmbn-°m-\m-hp-∂p-≠v. apkven-aoßƒ°n-S-bnse A‘-hn-izm-k-ßƒ°pw A\m-Nm-c-ßƒ°p-sa-XnscIcp-Øp‰ Imhy-ßƒ cNn® B_p \S-Ønb kap-Zmb ]cn-jvI-cWkwcw-`-ßƒ hnh-cn-°p∂ kn.-]n.-D-Ω-dns‚ teJ\w B_p Fgp-Xnb sNdp-I-Y-I-sf-°p-dn®pw sNdp-I-Y-Iƒ ae-bm-f-Ønte°v hnh¿Ø\w sNbvX-Xn-s\-°p-dn®pw B_p-hns‚ \mS-I-ß-sf-°p-dn®pw ]cm-a¿in°p-∂p-≠v.C®-a-kvXms‚ hn-cp-Ø-ßsf aq∂v mK-ß-fmbn ]kn-≤o-I-cn-®p-sh-¶nepwNne `mK-ßƒ Ct∏mƒ In´m-t\bn-√.

C∂-sØ Fgp-Øp-Im¿ t]mepw A\p-`-hn-°p∂ Xo£vW-ambkXy-ß-sf-°p-dn®v kn.]n DΩ¿ B_p-hns\ B[m-c-am°n hni-Zo-I-cn-®n-´p-≠v. B_p-hns‚ ssNX\yw i–tImem-l-e-ß-fn-eqsSbmbn-cp-∂n-

Sn. Dss_-Zn-s‚bpw B_p-hn-s‚bpw FgpØv `q]-S-tØ-bmWvB_p-hns\ Gsd ASp-Ø-dn™ kn.-Sn.-_-jo¿ klr-Z-b¿°pw hni-Zo-cn-®p-sIm-Sp-Øn- p-≈-Xv. B_p-hns\ ]e-co-Xn-bn¬ t\m°n-°≠ BfmWv_jo¿. IhnXzw IqSp-X¬ Dss_-Znepw ]mfinXyw IqSp-X¬ B_p-hn-em-sW∂pw At±lw \nco-£n-°p-∂p. Ad_n ae-bmf kmln-Xy-Ønseh≈-tØmƒ Dss_-Zm-sW∂pw ]d-bm-\mWv Cu ]TnXm-hn\v tXm∂p-∂-Xv. B_p A¥¿ap-J-\m-sW-¶n¬ Dss_Zv _ln¿ap-J-\m-Wv. Cu A¥¿apJXzw Bim-\nepw ImWmw. am∏n-f-∏m-´p-Ifpw \mS≥ ]m´p-I-fp-am-bp≈_‘-sØ-°p-dn®v kv]¿ihpw kn.-Sn._jo-dns‚ teJ-\-Øn¬ ImWmw.

IuXpIIc-amb Hcp Xmc-Xayw F.]n.-kp-ss_-dns‚ ]T-\-Øn-ep-≠v. B_p-hns‚ ]mfin-Xy-Øns‚ as‰mcp apJ-amWv Cu Xmc-X-ay-Øn¬ sXfn-bp-∂-Xv. kvIm≥Un-t\-hnb-bnse "kmKm'kmlnXycq]-sØbpw Ata-cn -°≥ Cw•ojv kmln-Xy-sØbpw Iq´p -]n -Sn®v,am∏nfkmln-XysØ AXp-ambn tN¿Øphmbn-°p∂ Hcp coXn B_pIs≠-Ønb Imcy-amWv klr-Z-b-k-a£w kpss_¿ FSpØp Im´p-∂-Xv. am∏nfkmln-Xy-Øn\v hymI-c-W-ap-s≠∂v B_p ÿm]n-°m≥ ian-®p. am∏nfkmln-Xy-Ønse ]Z-ßƒ ]g-©-\m-sW∂pw AXn\v am‰w hc-W-sa-∂pap≈ apkvenw Fgp-Øp-Im-cpsS \ne-]m-Sp-ambn B_p hntbm-Pn-®p. `mjm-im-kvX-sØ-°p-dn-®p≈ Kl-\-amb ⁄m\w At±-l-Øn-\p-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. Hcp mj-bn¬ \n∂v Hcp hm°v \in®p t]mhpI F∂Xv,Nne-t∏mƒ B `mj ssIImcyw sNøp∂ P\-X-bpsS kmwkvIm-cnINcn-X-Øns‚ Hcp `mKw \in®p t]mIp-∂-Xn\v Xpey-am-bn-cn-°p-sa∂vB_p Fgp-Xn. ]g-©≥ ]Z-ßƒ am‰n ]pXnb ]Zßƒ ]Icw sh°p-∂Xv Hcp al-Ømb kmln-Xy-Øns‚ IÆpw Icfpw \p≈n-sb-SpØvAXns\ C√mbva sNøp-∂-h-cm-sW∂ B_p-hns‚ A`n-]mbwkpss_¿ D≤-cn-°p-∂p-≠v. Ad_nae-bmf en]n-]-cn-jvI-c-W-Øn\pwB_p ian-®p. ]s£ henb AwKo-Imcw Inń-bn-√. HcpXcw auen-I-Xm-hm-Z-am-bn-cp∂p AXv. hnh¿Ø\kmln-Xy-Øn\v B_p \¬Inb kw`m-h-\-Ifpw sNdp-X-√. Cw•o-jnse hmN-I-ßƒ a\- n-em°n efn-X-ambssien-bn¬ Ah-X-cn-∏n-°m-\p≈ B_p-hns‚ Ign-hns\ kpss_¿]Io¿Øn-°p-∂p. kzX¥hnh¿Ø\ ssien-bm-bn-cp∂p B_p kzoI-cn-®-Xv. B_p-hns‚ Kth-jWNmXp-cn-sb-°p-dn®pw AXnse Bflm¿∞-X-sb-°p-dn®pw kn.-]n.-D-Ω¿ Xs‚ teJ-\-Øn¬ Nq≠n-°m-´p∂p≠v.

kô-\-∏m-´p-I-sf-°p-dn-®p≈ B_p-hns‚ A`n-]mbw hni-Zo-I-cn®v, B_p-hn-t\bpw Dss_-Zn-t\bpw kn.-sI.-Icow Xmc-Xayw sNøp-∂XvCß-s\-bm-Wv: ""Dss_Zv am∏n-f-Imhy]]-©sØ sshIm-cn-Ihpwssh⁄m-\n-I-hp-amb hnimeafi-e-Øn-te°v Db¿Øn. B_p A]m-

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B hr≤≥ Xncn-®p-h-cn-I-bp-≠m-bn-√. Iqń-s°m≠p hcm≥ Ign-™p-an-√. B_p-hns‚ _‘p-hns‚ BI-kvanIac-W-am-bn-cp∂p AXns‚ImcWw. a‰m¿°pw Abmsf Adn-bp-am-bn-cp-∂n-√. Aß-s\-bmWv I∏-∏m-ńs‚ hymJym\w ae-bm-fn°v \„-am-bXv.

A¿ln-°p∂ AwKo-Im-c-ßƒ In´msX acn®p t]mb as‰mcp\n¿`m -Ky -hm -\mb Fw.sI Al-ΩZv ]≈n -°c "Infn Hgn™IqSv'Fs∂mcp sNdpIhn-X-bn¬ B_p-hn-s\-°p-dn®v Fgp-Xn-b-Xn-ß-s\:

Adn-hn≥ AarX s]m≥IpSw Npa∂vAI-°m-ºn-te-°Xv ]I¿∂p X∂vAd_nae-bmfw Npcpƒ \nh¿∂pAXns‚ ]e ]q°ƒ \ap°v X∂p

X∂m-a-e¿ aWw ]c-Øo-Sps∂X\na \in-°mØ hn[-Øn¬ Xs∂Xp∂n-∏n-Sn®m Ihn t]mbns∂X¶-sØ-fn-hn-f-s°m-fn-b-Is∂

temI-Øn¬ sh®v Gd-dhpw AXn-I-an-bmb Hcp tcmKw Xs∂Iogvs∏-Sp-Øn-s°m-≠n-cp-∂-t∏mƒ 1954˛¬ Xe-t»cn tIm´ssaXm-\n-bn¬Hcp sshZyalmktΩ-f-\-Øns‚ in¬]n-bmbn ]h¿Øn® B_p amsj-°p-dn®v "B_pkvamcIKŸ-'Øn¬ ]ecpw ]cm-a¿in-°p-∂p-≠v. Fw.sIA∏p-°p-´≥ tIm´qfn Fs∂mcp teJ-Is‚ Hcp hmNIw Cßn-s\-bm-Wv: ""sshZy-\m-bn-cp-∂ns√-¶nepw sshZy-im-kvX-⁄-\m-bn-cp∂ amÃ¿"D]-ib'ßfm¬ X∂n¬ ]Xn-bn-cn-°p∂ tcmKsØ D]-i-an-∏n®p sIm≠n-cn -s°-Øs∂ A¥y\mƒ hsc Hcp kmln -tXym -]m -k-I-\mbnIgn™pIqSp-I-bm-Wp-≠m-bXv.'' "tcmK-Øns‚ ]q°ƒ' F∂ hn.-cm-P-Ir-jvWs‚ ]pkvXIw Cu kµ¿`-Øn¬ Hm¿Ωn-®m¬ ]pXp-Nn-¥-I-fn-te°v hmb-\-°m¿ sNs∂-Øpw.

Hmtcm ]`m-X-Ønepw B_p BZyw F¥v sNbvXn-cp-∂p-sh-∂-Xns‚ NnXw sI.-bq-k^ns‚ teJ-\-Øn¬ D≠v. ""]`mXw s]mńhnScpwapºv B_pamÃ¿ \nkvImc∏mb-bn-se-Øpw. "ZnIvdp'-Ifpw "ZpB-'IfpwJp¿-B≥-]m-cm-b-Whpw Ign™v, NqSp≈ Nmb Ign®v, kz¥w in¬]-im-e-bn -se-Øp-I-bmWv km[m-cW B_p sNøp-∂-Xv. Hcp]mSvUnIvjvWdnIfpw IS-em-kp-Ifpw Ipdn-∏p-Ifpw AS-ßp∂ temIØv,IpSpw-_mw-K-ß-fn¬ Bcpw FØn-t\m°n iey-s∏-Sp-Øm-dn-√. ""AhnsSHtc-H-cmƒ°p amXta k¿∆-kzm-X-¥y-ß-fp-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂p-≈q˛bqk-^ns‚ aIƒ Xmln-dbv°v.'' ]talhpw £b-tcm-Khpw Xf¿Øp∂kµ¿`-Øn¬ tIcfkwKoX\mSIA°m-ZanAhm¿Up hmßm≥ Xe-t»-

√. ASn-sbm-gp-°mbn, \n»-–-ambn ]k-cn-°p-I-bmWv sNbvX-Xv. klr-Z-b-cpsS B¥-c-X-e-Øn-emWv _mly-X-e-Øn-e√ At±lw ]h¿Øn-®-Xv. Fgp-Øp-Im-c≥ F∂ GI-ap-J-Xz-Øn\v ]pdta, kmlnXy _mly-ß-fm-b ]h¿Ø-\-ßƒ IqSn \S-Øn-bn-cp-∂p-sh-¶n¬ kwL-S-\-IfpwkwL-SnXbXv\ßfpw kvamcI bXv\-ß-fp-ambn ]ndsI sN√m≥ Bfp-Iƒ D≠m-Ip-am-bn-cp-∂p. kplr-Øp-°-fp-sSbpw klm-bn-I-fp-sSbpwhebw kr„n-°m-\p≈ ab-°p-a-cp-∂p-Iƒ At±-l-Øn\v A\y-am-bn-cp-∂p. ]n∂n¬ \n¬°p∂ ]pcp-jm-c-amWv Hcmsf hf¿Øp-∂Xpw Xf¿Øp-∂Xpw. aWn-am-fn-Ibpw IÆ-©n-°p∂ Imdpw Hs° al-Xz-Øns‚ am\-Z-fi-ambn kzoI-cn-°m≥ shºp∂ \ΩpsS kaq-l-Øn¬ Io¿Øn°v\nZm-\-amb Iem-ssh-`-hhpw BZ-c-Wo-b-amb kz`m-h-Kp-Whpw HØptN¿∂ kwkvIm-c-Øns‚ kzcw H‰-s∏-´-Xm-Wv. Ah¿°v icocw aXn._p≤n Hcp BUw-_-c-am-Wv. Cßs\ Fgp-Xnb kn.-]n.-D-Ω-dns‚ teJ\wA∂-tØbpw C∂-tØbpw I]SapJm-h-c-W-ßsf shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂p.a¥n aµn-c-ßfpw Imdpw kpJkuI-cy-ß-fp-ap≈ kmln-Xy-Im-c\v kmº-ØnI klmbw \¬Im≥ `c-Wm-[n-Im-cn-Iƒ Xøm-dm-b-t∏mgpw Hme-ta™ hońs‚ tImem -bn¬ Isøm -Sn™ Itk-c -bn -en -cp∂v ,kmlnXyX]-ky-bnte¿s∏´ amÃsd Xncn-™p-t\m-°m≥ Bcp-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂n-s√∂v sI.-]n.-Ip-™n-aq-k-bpsS ZpxJw klr-Zbkaqlw apgp-h≥]¶n-Sp-∂-Xm-Wv. Pohn-°m≥ ad∂p t]mb Fgp-Øp-Im-c-\m-bn-´mWv B_p-hns\ Ip™n-aqk hnti-jn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv.

Fgp-Xm≥ t]mIp-∂-Xn\p apºv B hnj-bsØ k¿∆-X-e-Ønepw]Tn-°pI F∂Xv B_p-hns‚ hnj-b-tØm-Sp≈ Bflm¿∞-Xsb Nq≠n-°m-´p-∂p. Hcp acp-∂ns‚ t]cv ae-bm-f-Øn-em-°m≥ AXns‚ ]T-\-Øn-\mbn amk-ßƒ D]-tbm-Kn® B_p-hn-s‚ ka¿∏-W-t_m[w ]cm-a¿in-®n-´p-≠v. Ip™m-b≥ apkv-eym-cpsS "I∏-∏m´v' F∂ ]Jym-X-K-Ÿ-Øn\vHcp hymJym\w Fgp-Xm≥ Bin® B_p kmln_v tcmK-Øns‚ Ah-i-X-bnepw ITn-\m-≤zm\w sNbvXp. ]ucm-WnIImesØ ]mbv°-∏-en-t\bpw a\pjyicocLS-\-tbbpw Xmc-X-ay-s∏-Sp-Øn-bp≈ ]kvXpXImhyKŸ-Øn\v hymJym-\-sa-gp-XpI Ffp-∏-a-√m-bn-cp-∂p. ]mbv°∏-ens‚ LS-I-ß-sf-∏-‰nbpw AXns‚ ]tbm-K-ß-sf-°p-dn®pw Adnhp t\S-Ww. Cu hnj-b-Øn¬ d^d≥kp-Iƒ In´pI \t∂ hnj-a-am-bn-cp-∂p.\nc-¥-c-amb At\z-j-W-ßƒ°p tijw hS-I-c-°-SpØp \n∂v Cu hnj-b-Øn¬ ]cn-Nbw kn≤n® Hcp htbm-hr-≤s\ Is≠-Øn. ]Xo-£-bn¬Ihn™ hnh-c-ßƒ At±lw \¬In. At±-l-Øn\v I∏-en-s\-°p-dn®pwI∏-∏m- n-s\-°p-dn®pw kmam-\y-⁄m-\-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. B hr≤s‚ kuI-cysØ ap≥\n¿Øn N¿® a-s‰mcp Znh-k-tØ°v am‰n. ]s£ ]n∂oSv

17


16

B_p-hns‚ ]m´p-I-fnseImhym-fl-IX

tIcfkwKoX\mSIA°m-Zan B_p-km-ln-_ns‚ kmln-Xy-]-h¿Ø-\-ßsf «mLn®p sIm≠v \¬Inb ]iwkm]X-Øn¬ Cßs\ImWmw: "1. am∏nfkmln-XysØ Xfn¿sIm≈n®p t]m∂ ]Xn-`m-[-\≥2. hn`qXn \nd™ ]Xn-`-bm¬ A\p-Kr-lo-X≥ 3. a\- n¬ shfn-®hpwssNX-\yhpw Zo]vXnbpw \¬Ip∂ tijvTIrXn-I-fpsS I¿Ømhv 4. kc-f-ßfpw `mh][m-\-ß-fp -amb am∏n -f -∏m-´p -I-fpsS cN-bn -Xmhv.'"kwKoX\mSIA°m-Z-an'-bpsS A∂sØ sNb¿am-\m-bn-cp∂ ssh°wNµ-ti-J-c≥ \mb-cmWv Cu ]iwkm]Xw Fgp-Xn-b-Xv. PmXn-aXt`Z-sat\y am∏n-f-∏m-ńs‚ am[pcyw Bkz-Zn-°p∂ Hcp klr-ZbtemIsØDss_Zpw B_phpw kr„n-®p. am∏n-f-∏m-ń\v \qX-\-amb CuWhpwB°hpw \¬In. am∏n-f-∏m-ńse Ci-ep-Ifpw ioep-Ifpw B_p-hns\am∏n-f-°hntImIn-e-ß-fpsS Iq´-Øn¬ D∂-X-∑m-cn¬ Hcm-fm-°n. Fw.-F.-I¬∏‰ ]mSn-bXv Cß-s\:

""Ihn-X-°p-e-Øn¬ h∂p-Zn®p s]m¥o

I\-I-sØ-fn-thmsS IpXn®p ap¥o''

B_p-hns‚ ]m´p-I-fnse Imhy-mfl-I-Xsb Fw.F I¬∏‰ hnf™]Z-ß-fpsS tX≥I-\n-bmbn hnti-jn-∏n-®p. B_p-hns‚ ]m´p-Iƒ hn]p-e-amb ]Nmcw t\Sn-b-Xmbn Imc-t»cn Fgp-Xn-bn-´p-≠v. am∏n-f-∏m-´p-I-fpsS e£yw a\p-jys\ aX-Im-cy-ßƒ ]Tn-∏n-°p-I-bm-sW-∂vv hniz-kn®B_p ]mtZ-in-Ihpw B[p-\nIhpw Ckvem-an-tI-X-c-hp-amb CXn-hr-Ø-ßƒ Cu Km\kmln-Xn-bn-te°p hcp-∂Xv AXns‚ X\na \in-∏n-°p-sa∂v hniz-kn-®n-cp-∂p. kn\n-abpw \mS-Ihpw am∏n-f-∏m-ńs‚ Ci-ep-Isf

cn-bn¬ \n∂v sIm®n-bn-te°p t]mb, B\-µ-\n¿`-c-amb \nan-j-ß-sf-°p-dn®v kvamcIKŸ-Øn¬ H.kpss_¿ Fgp-Xn-bn-´p-≠v. "A\m-tcmKywIW-°n-se-Sp-°m-sXbpw hnj-a-X-Iƒ kln®pw Xm≥ Cu bmX sNøp-∂-Xv H.-B-_p-hn\v In´p∂ h√ Ahm¿Upw kzoI-cn-°p-hm-\-√. am∏n-f-∏m-ń\pw Ad-_nae-bmfkmln-Xy-Øn\pw e`n-°p∂ AwKo-Imcw hmßp-hm-\mWv' F∂Xm-bn-cp-∂p B_p-hns‚ \ne-]mSv. Cu hn\-bhpw\nkzm¿∞-Xbpw B_p-hns‚ a\- ns‚ hep-∏sØ t_m[ys∏-Sp-Øp-∂p. am∏n-f-kw-kvIr-Xn-bpsS Ah-Xm-c-I-\mb B_p Xe-t»-cn-bpsS Hma-\-]p-X≥ amX-as√∂pw kap-Zm-b-Øns‚ apgp-h≥ tIc-f-Øns‚ apgp-h≥ A`n-am\`mP-\-amb \mb-I-\m-bn-cp -∂psh∂pw tIcfklr-ZbtemIsØ t_m[y-s∏-Sp-Ønb \nan-j-ß-fm-bn-cp∂p B Ahm¿UvZm\Zn\w. A∂v Hcp kq^n-bpsS BImcsshin„yw B_p-hn-\p-≠m-bn-cp-∂p.]n.-`m-kvI-c≥ B_pamsj s]m∂mS Nm¿Øn BZ-cn-®-t∏mƒ D≠mbssIbSn B_pamÃ-dpsS Pohn-X-Ønse BZy-tØbpw Ah-km-\-tØbpwssIb-Sn-bm-bn-cp-∂p. B_p FgpXnØøm-dm-°nb ]kwKw kn.Sn _jo-dmWv hmbn-®-Xv. lkzkpµ-c-amb B ]kwKw am∏n-f-∏m-´p-I-sf-∏‰n\mfXphsc ]pe¿Øn-t∏m∂ [mc-W-Isf Xncp-Øn-°p-dn-°p-∂-Xm-bn-cp-∂p.

hn. -iw-kp-±o≥ Fgp-Xnb sNdp-Im-hy-Øn¬ B_pamjns‚amXrkwkvIr-Xn-bpsS kuµ-cysØ [z\ym-flIcoXn-bn¬ IhnXma[p-c-ambn Ah-X-cn-∏n-®n-´p-≠v. "tcmZ\w' F∂ B IhnX lrZbt`Z-I-ambHcp tNmZy-Øn-emWv Ah-km-\n-°p-∂-Xv.

""aqkm-bpsS ko\mbpw

bqk-^ns‚ Aßm-Snbpw

iq\y-ambn

Ckvem-ans‚ sImSn°ogn¬

C_vdm-lo-an√

CJv_m-ep-an√

]q¶p-bn-ep-Iƒ Hmtcm-t∂m-tcm-∂mbn

]d-∂-I∂ ]qhm-Sn-bn¬

Bsc-bm-Wn\n ImØn-cn-°pI?

BcmWn\n ]p√m¶pg-eq-XpI?''

]n¬°m-eØv ae-bmfIhnXmtemI-Øn¬ kz¥w CSw t\SnbsI.Pn.-i-¶-c-∏n-≈-bpsS "hcpw hcpw F∂ ]Xo£' F∂ Ihn-XsbHm¿Ωn-∏n-°p∂ hcn-I-fmWv iwkp-±o-t‚-Xv.

***** ***** *****

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18

am∏n-f-∏m-ńs‚ as‰mcp KpWhpan√m-Ø-Xp-am-sW∂pw Nq≠n-°m-Wn®B_p B ]m´pcq]-tØmSv FX-amXw Bflm¿∞X sh®p ]pe¿Øn-bn-cp-∂p-sh∂v klr-Z-bsc t_m[y-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂p.

apl-ΩZv \_n-sb-°p-dn®v Fgp-Xnb Hcp am∏n-f-∏mń¬ AXp cNn-°p∂ ImeØv ]e am∏n-f-∏m-´p-I-fnepw D]-tbm-Kn® Xc-Øn-ep≈ Ae-¶m-c -ßfmWv ImWp-∂sX-¶nepw Ci¬ a[p-cn -a - [mcm-f -ap -≠v.efnXtImafIm¥ ]Zm-h-en-Ifn¬ Xs∂-bm-bn-´p-≠v. B ]mń¬ ]e-co-Xn-I-fn¬ "Hfnhv' -F∂ ]ZsØ Bh¿Øn-®p-]-tbm-Kn®p sIm≠v\_n]`m-hsØ s]men-∏n-°p-∂p.

AXn¬ ]hm-N-I-\mb apl-ΩZp \_nsb a°-bn¬ DZn® Hfn-hv,BZn-tbm≥ X≥ Hfn-hv, Cu temI-Øns‚ apJ-Øns‚ Hfn-hv, Be-Øn≥Hfn-hv F∂nßs\ Hfnhv F∂ ]ZsØ ame t]mse tN¿Øp sh®v\_n-bpsS amlm-flysØ ]tim-`n-∏n-°p-∂p. Cu hcn-I-fnse Xmfw,ebw, DNn-X-amb Ae-¶mc ]tbmKw F∂nh kwKoXmfl-Ihpw at\m-l-c-hp-am-bncn°p-∂p. Cu \_nIo¿Ø-\-Øn¬ Aivd-^p¬ J¬sJm-fn-hv, Nµ kpµ-c¿(-N-µ-s\-t∏mse kpµ-c≥), N¥-an-b-∂-h¿, A¬ Aao-\m-b-h¿, dlva-Øp-S-b-h¿, ]m]-ß-f-‰-h¿, t]cn¬ anI-¥-h¿, apØv apl-Ω-Z¿, hm\-Øn-te-dn-tbm¿, an-Av-dm-Pn≥ -B-\µw sIm≠-h¿, A¿ins‚s]ms∂mfn I≠-h¿ F∂n-ßs\ kvXpXn-am-e-bmbn ]mńs\ ]cn-h¿Øn-∏n-®n-cn-°p∂p. D]-a, cq]-Iw, A¥y-]mkw˛ CXmWv Cu hcn-I-fnseImhym-fl-I-Xbv°v B[m-cw. \_n-sb-°p-dn-®p≈ thsdbpw ]m´p-Iƒ"sImºv tI‰w' t]mep≈ Ci-ep-I-fn¬ B_p Fgp-Xn-bn-´p-≠v. Jp¿B\nset∏mse NoØ-°-hn-Isf `¿’n-°p-∂p-ap-≠v. "Zp-jv°hn' F∂IhnX DZm-l-c-Ww. Cu IhnX KZy-cq-]-Øn-emWv Fgp-Xn-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xv."aZn-c-Ihn' F∂ Ci-en¬ cNn® "a\-Ø-Ø-tbmSv' F∂ ]m´v AXy¥wXmfm-fl-I-amWv. Cuam\m-Ip∂ \ocm-dv, Ckvem-a-sX∂ I\n-ckw, -kp-∂-sØ∂ ]q¶m-hv, XJvhms‚ Xqa[p-c-ta-dp∂ tX≥Xp≈n, dlva-ØsX∂ \n[n˛Cß-s\-bp≈ cq]Iame sIm≠mWv "a\-Ø-Ø-tbmSv'F∂ ]m´v Fgp-Xn-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xv. "A√mlp A√msX C√ Cemlv' F∂v]mSm\pw "A√mlphns‚ dkq-emWv apl-ΩZv' F∂v D®-Øn¬ ]mSm\pwkz¥w a\- m-Ip∂ XØ-tbmSv Ihn I¬∏n-°p-∂p. am[p-cyhpw emfn-Xyhpw \_nt]a-Øn¬ ebn-∏n-®mWv Cu ]m´v cNn-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. Cu]m´p`mK-ßƒ Xp©-sØ-gp-Ø-—s‚ XØsb ae-bm-fn-bpsS a\- n-se-Øn-°pw.

Ckvemw-aXhnizm-kn-bmb Hcp Ihn°pw apl-ΩZv\_n-bpsS "t]mcn-i-'Iƒ ]d-™m¬ Xocm-dn-√. \_n-a-Zvlp-Iƒ Ah-X-cn-∏n-°p∂ ]m´p-I-fpsS Ie-hd Xs∂ temI-km-ln-Xy-Øn-ep-≠v. ae-bm-f-Øn¬ h≈-tØmƒ, Ip™n-cm-a≥ \mb¿ F∂n-h¿ sXm v bqk- en tIt®-cn, Dss_-

Ae-t¶m-e-s∏-Sp-Øp-sa∂v At±lw i¶n-®p. B_p-hns‚ ]m´p-I-sf-°p-dn-®p≈ Dss_-Zns‚ A`n-]mbw B_phpw Dss_Zpw F∂ teJ-\-Øn¬hni-Z-am-°n-bn-´p-≠v. `‡n-Km-\-ß--sf-gp-Xp-∂-Xnem-bn-cp∂p Cu Ihn-bpsSanSp-°v. ]Z-ku-µcyw, Bi-b-em-fnXyw, L-S-\mkmcfyw -F-∂nh At±-l-Øns‚ ]m´p-IfpsS khn-ti-j-X-Ifm-bn-cp -∂p. kap-Zm-bsØDW¿ØpI, Nn¥n-∏n-°pI F∂-Xm-bn-cp∂p B_p-hns‚ ]m´p-I-fpsSe£yw. kmaq-lnI hna¿i\w B_p-hns‚ Ihn-X-I-fn¬ ImWmw.

kap-Zm-bsØ apSn-°p∂ Imip-]-WsØ alm-am-cn-bmbn At±lwI¬]n-®p. ImXp-Ip-Øn-s\-Xnsc ]m´p-I-sf-gpXn.

B_p-hns‚ Imhym-fl-IX \nd™ ]m´p-I-fpsS DZm-l-c-W-ßƒkvamcIKŸ-Øn-ep≠v.

""XrW-Øn¬ \n m-camw

lna-Øn≥ IW-Ømse

cXv\-cm-K-ap-≠m°pw

k„mhv i‡≥ Xs∂.''

Ipd-Øn-∏m-ńepw ImWmw Cu k¿§m-fl-IX:

""t\cw shfp-Ø-t∏mƒ DΩ-d-tØm-∏nse

h√cn s]‰n-Xt√m IpdØn

h√cn s]‰n-Xt√m

C∂-se-b¥n shfp-°pw-h-sc-b-hƒ

t]‰p-t\mth‰n-cn°pw Ipdhm

t]‰pt\m-th-‰ncn°pw.''

]qºm-‰-sb-°p-dn®v efnXtIma-f-]-Z-ßƒ sIm≠v ]ms´gp-Xnb IhnAXns\ samń-t\mSv ]p©n-cn-°p∂ sam©-Wn-™-h-fmbn I¬]n-°p-∂p.ssZh-sØ-°p-dn-®p≈ B_p-hns‚ Nne hcn-Iƒ°p ]pXpabp≈ \nco-£-W-]m-Shhpw H∏w XXz-Nn¥m -kv]¿ihpap≠v.

""Xmsg \n¬°pw ]p¬s°m-Sn°pw

Bg-tadpw h≥ \Zn°pw

Nqsg \n¬°pw ama-e°pw

Dugn-hm\w sXm´hbv°pw

Poh-\n´ Xºp-cm≥.....''

am∏n-f-∏m´v cN-bn-Xm-sh-∂- \n-e-bn¬ B_p \nkvXp-e-\m-bn-cp-∂p.]kvXpX ]mńs‚ khn-ti-j-X-Ifpw kl-P-Kp-W-ßfpw F¥m-sW∂pwB_p a\- n-em-°n-bn-cp-∂p. am∏n-f-∏m-´p-Iƒ F∂ t]cn¬ C∂v ]N-cn-°p∂ ]pØ≥ Nc-°p-Iƒ ]eXpw IrXn-ahpw Km\m-fl-I-X-b√msX

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20

"AIv_¿ kZJ' F∂ Ci-en¬ \_n-bpsS Ieym-W-sØ-°p-dn®vFgp-Xnb ]m v ]o¿ap-l-ΩZv F∂ Kmb-I≥ ]mSn ln‰m-°n-bn-´p-ap-≠v. H∏whn]p-e--ambn ]mS-s∏-Sp-∂-Xp-am-Wv.

""Ag-I¿ apl-Ω-Zn≥

ioehpw tImehpw

t\cpw s\dnbpw I≠v

JZo-Pm_n Bin®v

J¬_n¬ \ndsb

I\Ø sImXn-sh®v

\s√ apl-ΩsZ

IeymWw sNøp-hm≥

\mco JZo-Pm_n

Bin-®p-d-∏n®v

_m∏ Jpssh-temXo

hnh-c-ßƒ''

At∏mƒ _m∏-bpsS adp-]Sn tZjys∏´mbn-cp-∂p. _¶o-i-°m-c-\mbhoc≥ Jpssh-enZns‚ B-c-º-∏q-tamsf thfn Ign-°m≥, tJmPm-Øn-bmb\o Iogm-f-\mb apl-Ω-Zn-s\-bmtWm Xnc-s™-Sp-ØXv F∂m-bn-cp∂pJpssh-en-Zns‚ tNmZyw.

""am\hpw s]m∂pw

s]cp-a-an-I-s®mcp

amc-s\-s°m≠p Rm≥

sIń°pw \ns∂ Rm≥''

F∂v Abmƒ hni-Zo-I-cn-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp. CXp tI´ JZo-P-bpsSa\- ns\ B_p Ah-X-cn-∏n-®-Xv "tImfn¬ Ip-Spßn' F∂mWv. FX-amXw ZpxJhpw Ie-°hpw JZo-P-bpsS a\- n-ep-≠mbn F∂v Cu `mKw`wKn-bmbn klr-Z-bsc t_m[y-s∏-Sp-Øpw. BcmWv apl-ΩZv F∂v IhnCu `mKØv ]d-bp-∂p-≠v. ""tIgp-t∂msc ssIhn-SmØ-h≥, Ime-Øn-s∂m-∏n®v tImew sI´m-Ø-h≥'' F∂n-ß-s\-bmWv JZo-P-bpsS adp-]-Sn.\_n P\\-sØ-°p-dn®v ]d-bp-tºmƒ A¤p-X-ß-fp-≠mbn F∂ A‘-hn-izm-ksØ B_p kzoI-cn-®-Xmbn ImWp-∂p≠v.

***** ***** *****

Zv,- ]n.-Sn.-A-–pdlvam≥ hsc-bp-≈-hcpw am∏n-f-∏m´v cN-bn-Xm-°-fmb]pXnb Xe-ap-d-bnse ]ms´-gp-Øp-Imcpw hsc \_namlm-fly-sØ-°p-dn®v aXn-h-cmsX ]mSn-bn-´p-≠v. B_p-hns‚ Imcyw ]tXy-In®v ]d-bm-\n-√. \_n-bpsS P\\w apX¬ \_nXz]Zhn Inń-bXp hscbp≈ NcnXwaZkmhnZym¿∞n-Iƒ°p th≠n B_p cNn-®n-´p-≠v.

Ban\m _p°vkv‰m-fn-t‚-XmWv ]pkvX-Iw. ]g-b-ImeImhykmln-Xy-Øn-em-sI-bp-≈ Hcp ]h-WX ]pkvXIcN\ ]q¿Øo-I-cn-°m-\p≈ssZh-tØm-Sp≈ ]m¿∞-\-bmWv. AXv B_p-hnepw ImWm-\p-≠v.

""BZ-c-hmb dkq-ep-≈ms‚ aXsØ BZ-cm-sem´p Npcp-°n-∏m-Sm-\p-X-°sØ d∫mb \mYm \o GIpI F∂n¬ I\n-thmsS'' F∂mWvB_p-hns‚ ]m¿∞-\. "Xulo-sZ∂ Xncn sImfp-Ønb \q-dp-≈, AgI¿\_nbp≈' F∂n-ß-s\-bp≈ hnti-j-W-ßƒ ae-bm-f-Øn¬ ]pXp-Xm-Wv. "amc-c-∂_n' -F∂ Ci-en¬ \_n-bpsS P\-\-sØ-°p-dn®v, ]nXr-amXr]mc-º-cy-sØ-°p-dn®v, Ban-\ \mepamkw K¿`n-Wn-bmbt∏mƒ`¿Ømhv A–p≈ acn-®-Xn-s\-°p-dn-®v, Bi-Iƒ Icn™ Ban-\-bpsSZpxJsØ-°p-dns®ms° B_p Fgp-Xn-bn-cn-°p-∂p. ]nXm-hns\ ImWm-\m-hmØ ]n©p-Ip-™n-s\-°p-dn®v B_p Fgp-Xn-bXv Ipń-Iƒ°v ck-\o-b-amb a-ń¬ Xs∂.

""sam©n-e-©n-s°m-©nSm≥

apØpΩ -Ipt™ \ns‚

sam©p-Im-Wm-\mi sh®p

_m∏ Xs∂''

Fs∂-gp-Xp-tºmƒ AXnse emfnXyw amXw ]mk-ßƒ tN¿ØvXmf-s∏-Sp-Øm\pw BI¿j-I-am-°m\pw B_p-hn\v km[n-°p∂p. \_nP\\w sNbvX-t∏mƒ ]Ir-Xn-bnep-≠mb AZr-∏-ßsf∏‰nbpw Fgp-Xn-bn-´p-≠v. ]nXm-hns‚ ac-W-tØmsS amXmhv Ban-\-bpsS NnØ-Øn-eØen≥ -Xo-®qSv AW-™n-s√∂pw apl-ΩZns‚ B\-µ-∏q-apJw ImWp-tºmƒ _m∏ms‚ Hm¿Ω Hgn-™n√ F∂p-sams° Fgp-Xn-b-Xn-ep≈`mhm-fl-IX it≤bw Xs∂. Xmtee∏m-´p-I-fpsS coXn-bnepw BZym-£c]mkw tN¿Øpw ck-\o-b-am-°m≥ B_p-hn\v Ign-bp∂p.

""Ifn-®n√ -sh-dp-∏n°pw

Ifn-sbm∂paXp-t]mse

IYn®n√ -ap-jn-∏n°pw

samgn-I-sfm∂pw''

"A¬Aao≥' F∂ \_n-hn-ti-j-WsØ ae-bm-f-Øn¬ B_phnh¿Ø\w sNbvXXv "t\c-ÿ≥ ' F∂ ]pXp-a-bp≈ ]Zw D≠m-°n-sb-Sp-ØmWv.

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shbvkv F∂ AkZv ln-_p, Ac-amb `m-j-I-fnepw PqX-th-Z-ß-fnepwIpń-°m-eØp Xs∂ hyp¬∏Øn t\Sn. hnb∂ k¿∆-I-em-im-e-bn¬XXz-Nn-¥bpw Iem-N-cn-Xhpw ]Tn-°m≥ Bcw-`n®psh¶nepw AXp apgp-an-®n-√. Ipd-®p-Imew ssk\n-I-\m-bn-cp-∂p. ]X-]-h¿Ø-I-\mbn PohnXwBcw-`n-°p-∂-Xn\p th≠n hoń¬ \n∂pw Hfn®p t]mbn. FØn-s∏-´Xvkn\nam cwK-Øm-Wv. Xnc-°YmcN-bn-Xmhpw kl-kw-hn-[m-b-I-\p-ambn]h¿Øn®p. HSp-hn¬ ]X-]-h¿Ø-I-\m-bn. hniz-]-kn≤ßfmb ]e]X-ß-fp-sSbpw a[y-]u-c-kvXy-tZisØ teJ-I-\m-bn-cp-∂p. kml-kn-I-Xbpw k©m-chpw c‡-Øn¬ Aen-™p-tN¿∂n-cp∂ shbvkv Hcn-SØpwÿnc-ambn Xma-kn-®n-√. a[y]uckvXytZiØv FXtbm h¿jw Xma-kn-®p. B bmX-I-sf-∏-‰n-sb√mw ]pkvX-I-ßƒ ]kn-≤o-I-cn-®p. Ad-_n-I-fpsS Pohn-Xhpw XpS¿∂v Ah-cpsS hnizm-khpw shbvkns\BI¿jn-®p. Ccp-]-Øn-bmdmw hb- n¬ _¿en-\n¬ sh®v CkvemwaXwhniz-kn®v At±lw apl-ΩZv Ak-Zm-bn. XpS¿∂v Ad-_n-`m-j-bnepwCkvem-anIhn⁄m-\-ß-fnepw Adnhp t\Sn. \nc-h[n h¿j-ß-fpsS A[zm-\-^-e-ambn Jp¿-B\pw \_n-N-cy-Ifpw hymJym-\n-®p. C_v\p kpDu-Zv,cn-km-jm, ss^k¬ XpS-ßnb `c-Wm-[n-]-∑m-cp-sSbpw kønZv Alva-Zv,Da¿ apJvXm¿ XpS-ßnb ]ÿm\\mb-I-∑m-cp-sSbpw apl-ΩZv CJv_m-en-s\-t∏msebp≈ alm-I-hn-I-fp-sSbpw kplr-Øm-bn-cp∂p Ak-Zv.

]m›mXykwkvImcsØ AXns‚ F√m òI-c-X-I-tfmSpw Im]Sy-ß-tfm-Sp-sam∏w Ah-X-cn-∏n®v AXns‚ A¥- mciq\y-X-tbbpw A]-I-S-Im-cn-X-tbbpw AXnka¿∞-ambn A\m-h-cWw sNøp∂ IrXn-bm-Wv Ak-Zns‚ "Ckvemw A‰v tImkvtdmUvkv'. Ckvemw F∂ at\m-l-c-amb hmkvXpin¬]-Øns‚ GXp `mK-Øn-\mWv `wKn F∂p ]d-bm-\m-hmsX AXns\ ka-kvX -tIm -Wp -I -fn¬ \n∂pw t\m°nA\ykwkvImcku[-ß-fp-ambn AXns‚ kuµ-cyhpw kujvThhpwXpe\w sNøp-I-bmWv AkZv sNøp-∂-Xv. Jp¿B\n-te°pw lZo-kn-te°pw Xncn-®p-h-cm-\p≈ Blzm\w, Bi-b-ß-fpsS Kmwòcyw, Bhn-jvI-c-W-Øns‚ imkvXo-bX CsXm-s°-bmWv Cu IrXn-bpsS ]tXy-I-X. ]m›mXy\mK-cn-I-X-bpsS t\sc apkvenwIƒ kzoI-cn-t°≠ \ne-]mSv Cu ]pkvX-I-Øn¬ AkZv apt∂m´v sh°p∂p. F√m LS-I-ßfpwF√m mK-ßfpw H∂v as‰m-∂ns\ Xmßpw Du°p-am°n-s°m≠v bmsXmcpG‰-°p-d-®nepw IqSm-sX, ]cn-]q¿Æ-amb ka-Xp-en-X-tbm-sS, sI´p-d-t∏m-sS, hnZ-Kv[-ambn ]Wn-sX-SpØ Hcp hmkvXpin¬]w t]mse-bmWvCkvemw \ne-sIm-≈p-∂-sX∂v Dƒ°m-gvN-tbmSp IqSn AkZv ImWp-∂p.kaqlPohn-X-Øn\v Gsd-°psd klm-b-I-amb ]e aX-ß-fn¬ H∂pamX-amWv Ckvemw F∂v [cn®p t]mcp-∂-h¿°p th≠n Fgp-X-s∏-ń-´p-≈-X√ Cu ]pkvX-Iw. \_n-bpsS kl-N-c-∑m-cpsS lrZ-b-ß-fn¬

apl-ΩZv Ak-Zns‚-Ckvemw hgn-Øn-cn-hn¬

ae-bm-f-Ønse CkvemanI kmlnXyIrXn-I-fpsS FÆw t\m°n-bm¬ Ah Ipd-shm-∂p-a-√. ]s£ auen-IX Ah-Im-i-s∏-Smhp-∂hIpdhp Xs∂-bm-Wv. C∂n-t∏mƒ Ckvem-anI kmlnXyw A®-Sn-°p∂sNdpXpw hep-Xp-amb At\Iw ]kn-≤o-I-c-Wm-e-b-ß-fp-≠v. aX-aoamwkmIrXn-I-fmWv A[n-Ihpw ]kn-≤o-I-cn-°-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv. CkvemanI Zm¿i-\n-I-X-tbtbm Ckvem-anI kuµcyin£-W-ß-sftbm X\n-a-tbmsS Ah-X-cn-∏n-°p-∂-h A[n-I-an-√. auenIKŸ-ßƒ cNn-°m≥ ]-Xn`mimenXzwthWw. Hmtcm hmb-\-bnepw ]pXnb ]pXnb A¿∞-ßƒ \¬Ip-∂-h-bm-bn-cn°pw ]Xn-`m-im-en-Iƒ cNn-°p∂ KŸ-ßƒ. \h-\-thm-t∑jw]I-cp∂ Ckvem-anIIrXn-Iƒ In´m≥ A\y-`m-j-I-sf-Øs∂ kao-]n-°-Ww. A°mcyw Xncn-®-dn-™n-´mWv B_p amjv CX-c-`m-j-I-fn¬\n∂pw anI® IrXn-Iƒ hnh¿Ø\w sNøm≥ Xp\n-™-Xv. apl-ΩZv Ak-Zns‚ "Ckvemw hgn-Øn-cn-hn¬' AØ-c-samcp IrXn-bm-Wv.

AkZv 1935 ¬ Fgp-Xn-b "Ckvemw A‰v Zn tImkvtdmUvkv ' -F∂]pkvXIw B_p 1975˛emWv hnh¿Ø\w sNbvXv "Ckvemw hgn-Øn-cn-hn¬' F∂ t]cn¬ ]kn-≤o-I-cn-°p-∂-Xv. ]m›m-Xy-\mbn Hcp PqX IpSpw-_-Øn¬ P\n®v, AXns‚ XW-en¬ hf¿∂v, AXns‚ hn]-Øn-s\-°p-dn®v t_m[-hm-\m-b-t∏mƒ B Pohn-X-coXn hen-s®-dn™v Ckvemw aXwkzoI-cn® Hcp ]X-]-h¿Ø-I-\mWv apl-Ω-Zv Ak-Zv. 1900˛Øn¬ ]utcm-lnXy]mc-º-cy-ap≈ Hcp PqXIpSpw-_-Øn¬ ]nd∂ entbm t]mƒUv

B_p-hns‚ hnh¿Ø-\-km-lnXyw

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24

Imc-W-sa-∂-dn-bm≥ ]e apkvenw Nn¥-I-cp-ambn N¿® \S-Ønb AkZvvA∂v Aap-kven-am-bn´pw Ckvem-ans‚ ]£-Øp-\n∂pw ]Tn-®-Xns‚ ê-am-bn-´mWv At±lw Ckvem-an-te°p h∂-Xv. Ckvem-ans‚ GsX-¶nepw]tXyI ]t_m-[-\-a√ adn®v [m¿anIt_m[-\-ß-fp-sSbpw ]mtbm-KnIPohnX]≤-Xn-bp-sSbpw k¿∆XeNpw_nbpw -A-hn-tO-Zyhp-amb LS-\m-hn-tij-amWv AkZns\ Ckvem-an-te°v BI¿jn-®-Xv. A\yq-\-ambHcp hmkvXpin¬]w t]mse Ckvemw \ne-sIm-≈p-∂p. F√m mK-ßfpwF√m LS-I-ßfpw H∂ns\ as‰m∂v Xmßpw Du-°p-am°ns°m≠vbmsXmcp G‰-°p-d-®nepw IqSmsX ]cn-]q¿Æ-amb ka-XpenX-tbmSpwsI´p-d-t∏mSpw IqSn hnZ-Kv[-ambn ]Wn-sX-SpØ Hcp hmkvXp-in¬]wt]mse Ckvem-ans‚ t_m[-\-ßfpw ASn-ÿm\ ]am-W-ßfpw bYm-ÿm-\Øv ÿnXn-sN-øp-∂p-sh∂ t_m[yw AkZn¬ kpZr-V-amb ]cn-Wmaw kr„n®p

Aßs\ AkZvv Jp¿B\pw lZokpw ]Tn-®p. Ckvem-ans‚ mjbpwAXn-s‚ Ncn-Xhpw ]Tn®p. Ckvemans\°pdn®pw AXn-s\-Xnsc Fgp-X-s∏- Xpw ]Tn-®p. \_n ]-t_m-[\w \S-Ønb BZnkt¶-X-Øns‚ Np‰p-]m-Sp-I-fn¬ \n∂v A\p-`-h-ßƒ t\Sn-sb-Sp-°m≥ lnPm-knepw \PvZnepwaZo\-bnepw A©v kwh’-c-°mew Ign®p Iqń. ]e \m´p-Imcmbapkvenw-I-fpsS tIµam-bXp sIm≠v apkvenw temIØv C∂p \ne-\n¬-°p∂ aX-]-chpw kmaq-ln-I-hp-amb `n∂ho£-W-K-Xn-Isf Xmc-XaywsNbvXp ]Tn-®p. apkvenw-I-fpsS t]mcmbva aqew ]e A]-I¿j-ßƒkw`-hn-®n-´p-s≠-¶nepw Bflo-bhpw kmaq-ln-I-hp-amb ]Xn-`m-k-sa∂\nebv°v a\p-jy-cm-insb D∂-Xn-bn-te°v \bn-°p∂ AXnal-Øm-bi‡n-bm-bn Ckvemw \ne-\n¬°p∂p F∂ hnizmkw B \nco-£-W-ßfpw Xmc-Xay]T-\-ßfpw AkZn¬ Df-hm-°n. AtXmsS AXns\ ]p\-cp-≤-cn-°pI F∂ ]iv\-Øn¬ Xs‚ i≤ ap-gp-h≥ tIµo-I-cn-®p. Bal-Ømb e£y-Øn-te-°p≈ Ffnb kw`m-h-\-bmbmWv AkZv"Ckvemw A‰v tImkvtdmUvkn's\ ImWp-∂-Xv. Ckvemapw ]m›mXykwkvIm-chpw XΩn-ep≈ hyh-lm-c-Øn¬ Hcp ImgvN-°m-c≥ F∂ \ne-°p≈ samgn-bmWv Cu ]pkvX-I-Øns‚ D≈-S-°w.

Ak-Zns‚ Cu hni-Zo-I-c-W-ßfpw AXn\v At±lw kzoI-cn®`mjbpw Gsd hyXy-kvX-X-bp≈ H∂m-sW∂v CXbpw Fgp-Xn-b-Xn¬\n∂p Xs∂ a\- n-em-°m-\m-hpw. Ak-Zns‚ Cw•o-jns\ B_p F∂ae-bmfn DNnX]Zm-h-en-I-fn-eqsS ae-bm-f-Øn-em-°n-b-sX-ß-s\-bm-sW∂Xn∂v ta¬]-d™ hmIy-ßƒ Xs∂ DZm-l-c-Ww. B_p-hns‚hmIy-ßƒ Cw•o-jn-ep≈ At±-l-Øns‚ ]mhoWyw Cu hnh¿Ø\IrXn km£n\n¬°p-∂p. AkZvv Ckvem-ans\ ImWp∂ coXn Xs∂-bmWv ]pkvX-I-Øns‚ auen-IX.

Fcn™p \n∂, Hcp ImeØv Ckvem-ans\ Hcp kmaq-lnI]≤-XnbpwkmwkvIm-cnIt\´-hp-am°nØo¿Ø B Pzme-bpsS kv^penw-K-sa-¶nepwlrZ-b-ß-fn¬ Ah-tijn®n´p-≈-h¿°p th≠n Fgp-X-s∏´ ]pkvX-I-am-Wn-Xv.

]gb BNm-c-ßfpw hnizm-k-ßfpw kmh-Imiw A]-Xy-£-am-hp-Ibpw ]pXnb coXn -Iƒ Infn¿Øp hcn -Ibpw sNøp∂ ImgvNCkvemanItemI-Øpw D≠v. CXv Fhn-tS-°mWv apkvenaoßsf FØn-°pIsb∂ tNmZy-Øn-\p≈ hni-Z-amb DØ-c-hpa√ Cu IrXn-sb∂pwKŸ-Im-c≥ ]d-bp-∂p-≠v. ]m›mXy \mK-cn-I-X-bpsS t\sc Ah¿ Ah-ew-_n-t°≠ \ne-]mSv F∂ ]iv\w amXta ]Xn-]m-Z-\-Øn\v Xm≥sXc-s™-Sp-Øn-´p-≈q F∂v AkZv ]d-bp-∂p: ""Ckvem-ans‚ ASn-ÿm\]c-amb Nne Z¿i-\-ß-sf-°p-dn®v, hnti-jn®v \_nN-cy-I-sf-°p-dn®v Fgp-Xn-bm¬Øs∂ AXv _rl-Ømb KŸ-am-hpw. hfsc hym]-I-amb Cu hnj-b-Øns‚ tIhetcJ amXta Rm≥ hc-°p-∂p-≈q.AXn][m-\-amb Cu hnj-b-sØ-°p-dn®v IqSp-X¬ Nn¥n-°p-hm≥ Culkz-amb cq]-tcJ a‰p-≈-h¿°v t]c-I-am-Ip-sa∂v Rm≥ hniz-kn-°p-∂p''˛ AkZv Fgp-Xp-∂p. ]X-]-h¿Ø-I-s\∂ \ne-bnepw a‰pw Poh-X-Øns‚ A[n-I-Imew Ckvem-anI ]uckvXy-tZ-i-ßfn¬ Ign®p IqńbAkZv bqtdm-∏n¬ \n∂pw `n∂-amb Hcp kmaq-lnIIahpw Pohn-X-ho-£-Whpw B \mSp-I-fn¬ I≠p. bm¥n-I-amb bqtdm-]y≥ Pohn-X-co-Xn-bp-ambn Xmc-X-ay-s∏-Sp-Øp-tºmƒ AXn-]-im-¥-amb, IqSp-X¬ am\p-jn-I-amb Pohn-X-Iaw I≠p. AtXmsS B kwkvIm-c-hp-ambn X\n°vCW-°w h∂p-sh∂pw B hyXym-k-Øns‚ Imc-W-ß-sf-°p-dn®v ]Tn-°m-\p≈ iaØn-emWv apkvenwI-fpsS aX-t_m-[-\-ß-fn¬ Xm≥ X¬]-c-\m-b-sX∂v AkZvv Fgp-Xp-∂p. bYm¿∞-amb kmtlm-Z-cy-Øns‚ ]c-a-amb t_m[-tØm-Sp-IqSn kwL-Sn-∏n-°-s∏´ cq]-Øn-emWv Xm≥apkvenwIfpsS aX-t_m-[-\-ß-fn¬ X¬]-c-\m-b-sX∂pw AkZv shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂p. ]s£ B[p-\nIapkvenwPohn-X-Øns‚ Ahÿ Ckvem-anIaX-t_m-[-\-ß-fn¬ \n∂v \t∂ AI-se-bm-sW∂ kXyw a\- n-em-b-t∏mƒ, D∂-Xnbpw I¿Ω-hp-amWv Ckvem-an-ep-≈-sX∂v Xncn-®-dn-™-t∏mƒ, apkvenwIƒ°n-S-bn¬ Ah Ae-k-Xbpw \njvIn-b-Xz-hp-ambnam‰-s∏-ń-cn-°p∂psh∂v a\- n-em-°n-b-t∏mƒ, Hu-Zm-cyhpw XymK-k-∂-≤-X-bp-amWv Cu aX-Øn-ep-≈-sX-¶nepw AXns‚ hn]-co-X-Øn-emWvC∂sØ apkvenwI-fp-≈-sX∂v a\- n-em-°n-b-t∏mƒ, k¶p-NnXat\m-`m-hhpw kpJPohnXtemep-]-Xbpw C∂sØ apkven-w-I-fn¬ I≠-t∏mƒD≠mb ]Xn-I-c-W-amWv "Ckvemw Hcp hgn-Øn-cn-hn¬' F∂ KŸ-Øns‚ cN-\-bn-te°v Ak-Zns‚ i≤ t]mIm≥ Imc-Ww.

Ckvem-ap-≠v, ]s£ ico-c-Øn¬ ssNX-\y-an-√. F¥mhmw CXns‚

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Ckvem-ans‚ ]tXy-IX F√m Imcyßƒ°pw ASn-ÿm-\-ambn aX-t_m-[-ap≠v F∂-Xm-Wv. ]mivNmXykwkvIm-c-hp-ambn AXns\ Xpe\wsNbvXm¬ AXnhn]p-e-amb hnShp ImWmw. B[p-\nI ]m›mXy]h¿Ø-\-ß-fn¬ euInIkºmZytamlw, ]`mhtamlw˛ CXn-sems°-bmWv B[n-]-Xyw sNep-Øp-∂-Xv. Pohn-X-Øn\v AXn-t‚-Xmb[m¿anIbmYm¿∞yw I¬]n-°p-∂n-√. ]e-]e kwkvIm-c-ß-fn-eqsS k©-cn®v Ckvem-anIkwkvIm-c-Øns‚ kzXzhpw -D-◊bpw hf¿®bpw AkZvhni-Zo-I-cn-°p-∂p.

***** ***** *****

"Ckvemw hgn-Øn-cn-hn¬' F∂ ]pkvX-I-Øn\v HºXv A[ym-b-ß-fp-≠v. "BapJ'-Ønep≈ kq£vahpw thdn-´-Xp-amb Nne hmIy-ß-fpsSkØmWv apI-fn¬ ]cn-tim-[n-®Xv

c≠m-a-[ymbw "Ckvem-ans‚ kXy-am¿§w' F∂ t]cn-ep-≈-XmWvAXy¥w ka-Xp-en-X-amb, GI-e-amb kmI-ey-am-bn-´mWv aX-ßƒ a\p-jys\ klm-bn-°p-∂-sX∂v A-kZv ]d-bp-∂p. "GIew' F∂ ]Zw"lm¿tamWnbkv' F∂ Cw•ojv ]Z-Øns‚ X¿÷-abm-bmWv B_p\¬In-bn-cn-°p-∂-Xv. lm¿tam-Wn-bkv -F∂ ]Z-Øn\v tbmPn-∏p≈, tN¿®-bp≈, a\-s∏m-cp-Ø-ap≈, A\p-cq-]-amb, GIXm-\-amb -F-s∂m-s°-bmWvKp]vX≥ \mb¿ B ]Z-Øn\v \¬-bn-bn-cn-°p∂ A¿∞w. ]s£ Cu"GIew' F∂ ae-bm-f-]-Z-Øn\v H‰-°mb, X\n-®mb F∂n-ß-s\-bp≈A¿∞-ap≠v. thdn-´ kmIeyw -F-∂mhmw B_p Dt±-in-®-Xv. a‰p aX-ß-fn¬ \n∂pw Ckvemw hyXykvXamIp-∂-sX-ß-s\-sb-∂p-≈-Xns‚kq£va \nco-£-W-amWv AkZv \S-Øp-∂-Xv. ssZhlnXØn\p hgßna\p-jy\v [¿tΩm-]-tZiw \¬IpI F∂ km[m-cW aX[¿Ω-Øn¬\n∂p A∏p-d-tØ°p t]mIp∂ aX-ambn AkZv Ckvem-ans\ ImWp-∂p. A√m-lp-hns‚ GI-X-bn¬ \n∂v D¤-hn® Ckvemw, Pohn-X-am-I-am\w \n›-b-ambpw Hcp H∂n-∏m-sW∂v amXa√ Hmtcm hy‡n°pwAhs‚ hy‡n]c-amb ]cn-[n-bn¬ \n∂p sIm≠v ùXnIPohn-X-Øn¬,I¿Ω-Ønepw Nn¥-bnepw sFIyw ]pe¿Øp-hm\p≈ ]mtbm-KnIam¿§-ßsf AXv Imń-s°m-Sp-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂p.

]ca e£yw-t\-Sm≥ ùXnItemI-\n-cm-I-cWw Ckvem-an¬ C√.Bflobhnip-≤n-bpsS clky Ihm-Sw Xpd-°-m≥ DK-X-] v F∂ ho£-Whpw Cu aX-Øn-en-√. tam£w t\Sm≥ Zp¿K-lßfmb Ahy‡]am-W-ß-fn¬ hniz-kn-°m\pw Ckvemw \n¿_-‘n-°p-∂n-√. Cu aXwKqVm¿∞]am-W-a-√. ssZhw Ahs‚ kr„n-Iƒ°v \nivN-bn® ]IrXn\nb-a-a-\p-k-cn--®p≈ Hcp PohnX]≤Xn F∂ ImgvN-∏m-SmWv KŸ-Im-c-∂p-≈-Xv. a\pjyPohn-X-Øns‚ Bflo-bhpw ùXn-I-hp-amb `mh-ß-sf ka-K-ambn GtIm-]n-∏n-°p-∂-XmWv Ckvem-ans‚ X\n-a. CkvemwAXns‚ t_m[-\-Øn¬ a\p-jys‚ imco-cn-Ihpw am\-knIhpamb Pohn-X-ßƒ°n-S-bn¬ bmsXmcp kwL-´-\-Øn\pw Ah-kcw \¬ImsX Cuc≠p `mh-ß-sfbpw kwtbm-Pn-∏n®psh∂v amXa√ Ah-bpsS kl-h¿Øn-Xzhpw Ahn-t—-Zy-Xbpw Pohn-X-Øns‚ kzm`m-hnI ASn-ÿm-\-ambn I¬]n-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp. ]›mXycmPy-Øns‚ ssNX\yw, Ipcnipbp≤-ß-fpsS \ng¬, hnZym- ym-k-sØ-∏-‰n, A\p-I-c-W-sØ-∏-‰n, "lZokpw'"kp∂Øpw', "kp∂-Øn's‚ ]`mhw Cßs\ hyXykvX Xe-s°-´p-I-fn-eqsS Ckvemw ta¬]-d™ hnj-b-ßsf Fßs\ ssIImcyw sNøp-∂p-sh∂v AkZv AXnkq£va-X-tbmsS shfn-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂p.

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D]-a-I-fn-eqsS hnImcP\-I-ßfpw hnIm-tcm-±o-]-I-ß-fp-amb XØz-ßsfD÷z-ehpw ]uV-hp-amb Ih\`mj-bn¬ Ah-X-cn-∏n®' CJv_m-ens‚]tXy-I-X-I-sf-°p-dn®v hni-Z-am-°p-∂p-≠v. DdpZp kmln-Xy-Øn¬ \h-k-cWn kr„n®, A¿∞]p„nbpw ck-kv^q¿Ønbpw XnI™ Ihn-X-Iƒ Fgp-Xp-tºmƒ apkvenw kap-Zm-b-Øns‚ h¿Ø-am\Imem-hÿNq≠n-°mń AXn¬ \ns∂-ßs\ Dbn¿sØ-gp-t∂¬°m-\mhpw F∂Bi-bsØ [z\ym-fl-I-amb kqN-\-Ifn-eqsS CJv_m¬ Ah-X-cn-∏n-®p.Hmtcm a\p-jy\pw X∂n-ep≈ Bfl-⁄m-\sØ DW¿Øm≥ Ign-™m¬ Ah∂v ]pXnb temIw kr„n-°m-\m-hpw. a\p-jy-cn-√mØ `qankuµcycln-X-am-Wv. AXp-sIm≠v Xs∂ `qan-bn¬ a\p-jy∂v ]k-‡nbp≠v. CJv_m¬ Fgp-Xp-∂p. ""Nne-t∏mƒ ssZhw \ns∂ \£-X-ß-fn-eqsS amSn-hn-fn-°p-∂p. Nne-t∏mƒ an∂¬ ]nW-cp-I-fm-Ip∂ hnf°pIØn®v \ns∂ Xnc-bp-∂p. Nne-t∏mƒ `b-¶-c-amb CSn-\mZw ]pd-s∏-Sp-hn®v \ns∂ `b-s∏-SpØn hi-Øm-°m≥ i-an-°p-∂p. F∂m¬ XmZr-i-\-tbm-]m-b-ß-fn¬ \o hoWp-t]m-h-cp-Xv. \o \ns∂ Adn-bp-I, \ns‚ Adn-hp-Isf \o Kln-°p-I, \ns‚ I¿Ø-hy-ßƒ \o \n¿∆-ln-°p-I. At∏mƒssZhnI i‡n \n∂n¬ Aen-™p- tN-cpw. \o ssZhmw-i-ambn Xocp-IbpwsNøpw.''

kz¥-am-bn Hcp \ho-\-temIw kr„n-°m-\m-bn-cp∂ CJv_m-en\vXm¬]-cyw. hy‡n-bn¬ A¥¿`-hn-®n-cn-°p∂ kakvX i‡n-I-fp-sSbpwka-RvP-khpw ]c-tam-∂-X-hp -amb hnImkw hgn amXta \h-temIkr„n \S-Øm-\m-hp-I-bp-≈q. "JpZn'sb Bkv]-Z-am°n CJv_m¬cNn® Ihn-X-Iƒ BflhnIm-k-Øn-s‚- am-¥n-IhmXn-ep-I-fmWv Xpd-∂n- p-≈-Xv. kzXz-sØ,- D-◊sb sIń-∏-Sp-°p-hm-\p≈ hnNmc]≤Xn Xs∂-bmWv CJv_m-ens‚ Ihn-X-bnse XØzNn¥bn¬ \mw ImWp-∂-Xv.]]©cl-ky-ßƒ ÿnXn-sN-øp-∂Xv Bflm-hns‚ A¤pXi‡n-I-fn-em-Wv. At\-I-iXw temI-ßƒ Bflm-hn¬ A\m-hn-jvIr-X-ambn InS-°p-∂p. Cu A\m-hn-jvIrXtemI-ß-fn¬ H∂n-s\-sb-¶nepw Is≠-Øm\pw Bhn-jvI-cn-°m\pw Ign-bp-tºmƒ amXta hy‡n-kzXz]Im-i\w \S-°p-I-bp-≈q. Aßs\ Bhn-jvI-cn-°-s∏´ \ho-\-amb kuµ-cy-Xo-c-ß-fn-eqsS Xo¿∞bmX \S-Øp∂ klr-Z-bcpw AtXmsS \h-tem-I-ß-fn-te-°v B\o-X-cm-Ip-∂p.-C-Jv_m¬ Ihn-X-Isf Bg-Øn¬]Tn® s]m^. A∂m-tacn jnΩ¬ ]d-bp-∂p. ""k¿∆mivtf-jn-bmbkzXzw kzbw ]Im-i\w \¬Ip-∂-tXm-sSm∏w At\Iw hy‡nkz-Xz-ßƒ°v P∑w \¬Ip-Ibpw sNøp-∂p. kzXzw Dd-ßp-tºmƒ cmXn D≠m-hp-∂p. AXns‚ DW¿∆n¬ \n∂mWv ]I¬ Db¿∂p -h-cp-∂-Xv. D]-an-°m-\m-hmØ hy‡n-sb-bmWv CJv_m¬ AXnam\p-j-\mbn Ah-X-cn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv.

CJv_m-ens‚ Pohn-X-c-lkyw

]mc-º-cy-Øns‚ kar≤XS-ß-fn¬ \n∂psIm≠v lrZ-bm-h¿÷-I-amb Imhy-ßƒ cNn® `ph\]kn-≤-\mb Ihn-bmWv tUmŒ¿ apl-ΩZvCJv_m¬. temI-sØ-ºm-Sp-ap≈ Ihn-I-fn¬ CJv_m¬ sNep-Øn-bn-´p≈ kzm[o\w A¤p-Xm-h-l-am-Wv. C¥y-bn-se ]tXy-In®v ae-bm-f-Øn-se Fgp-Øp-Im¿°pw Ihn-Iƒ°pw CJv_m¬ IhnX Gsd ]nb-s∏-´-Xm-Wv. AXn¬ Nne¿ At±-l-Øns‚ anI® Ihn-X-I-fn¬ Nne-Xns\ae-bm-f-Ønte°p hnh¿Ø\w sNbvXn-´p-≠v. ae-bm-f-Ønse Ihn-X-b-Øn¬ Hcm-fmb, ae-bmf Ihn-Xsb Im¬]-\nI ]ÿm-\-Øn-te°v\bn® Ipam-c-\m-ims‚ "hoW-]qhv' F∂ Jfi-Im-hy-Øn\v CJv_m-ens‚ "Zn t^mf≥ ^vfh¿' F∂ IrXn-bp-am-bn-´p≈ km[¿ay-sØ-°p-dn®v Fw.-F≥.-hn-P-b≥ amjv t\ctØ \nco-£n®n-´p-≠v. ae-bm-f-Ønseapkvenw Ihn--I-fnepw Fgp-Øp-Im-cnepw Nn¥-I-cnepw ]kw-K-I-cnepw hmb-\-°m-cnepw CJv_m¬ sNep-Øn-bn-´p≈ kzm[o\w henb Kth-jWhnjbw Xs∂-bm-Wv. Cu ]›m-Ø-e-Øn-emWv H.-B_p hnh¿Ø\wsNbvX "Jnkvtd- dmlv' F∂ D¿Zp Jfi-Im-hy-Øns‚ ]k-‡n. "Pohn-X-c-lkyw' F∂mWv hnh¿Ø-I≥ ]pkvX-I-Øn\p t]cn-ń-cn-°p-∂-Xv.]pkvX-I-Øn\v Fw.-A-_q-_-°¿ Fgp-Xnb Ah-Xm-cnIbn¬ Cßs\ImWp-∂p. "bYm¿∞-amb ]Ir-tXym-]m-k-I≥, AKm[Nn¥-I≥,A\\ykm[m-c-W-\mb I¿Ω-tbm-Kn, hn⁄m\]mcw-K-X≥, AXp-ey-\mbBfl-⁄m-\n,- ]u-ckvXy]m›mXyIe-I-fn¬ Adn-hp-≈-bmƒ, A\pKr-lo-X-\mb Ihn-tIm-In-ew, \hw-\-h-ß-fmb Dt√-J-ß-fn-eqsS kpa-[pckpµ-c-amb ]Zhn\ym-k-Øn-eqsS, AXns‚ ipXnkuJyck-Øn-eq-sS, AXoh Kl-\-ß-fmb XØz-Nn¥miI-e-ßsf kµ¿t`m-Nn-X-amb

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≠v. \n\°v hnth-I-ap-s≠-¶n¬ hmfpw ]cn-Nbpw IqSmsX Xs∂k]vXJfi-ßsf A[o-\-am-°m-\p≈ i‡n \n∂n¬ eo\-ambn InS-°p-∂p. PohnXmtbm[-\-Øn¬ Dcp-°p-t]m-ep≈ lrZ-bsØ kr„n-°p-tºmƒ Xs∂ B lrZbw t]a-Øns‚ ]´p-sa-Ø-bm-bn-cn-°-s´.

Pohn-X-sØ-°p-dn®p≈ AKm[Nn¥-I-fpsS cXv\tiJ-c-am-Ip∂pCJv_m-ens‚ "Pohn-X-c-l-ky-'sa∂ IrXn. Hcp ip¢]£cmXn. ]q¿Æ-N-µ≥ aW-en¬ ]qhncn-®n-cn-°p-∂p. ]im¥kpµ-c-amb cmXn. XWpØIm‰v hoip-∂p. kapZw Hcp NnX-Øn¬ hc-®p-sh-®Xp t]mse im¥w.ape-°p™v s]‰-Ω-bpsS amdn-se∂ t]mse Hmf-ßƒ kap-Z-Øn¬ hni-an-°p-∂p. a\w Ipfn¿∏n-°p∂ B ka-bØv Ihn Xs‚ `mh-\-bn¬Jnkvdns\ ImWp-∂p. Jnkvdv Hcp ]hm-N-I-\m-sW∂pw ]d-b-s∏-Sp-∂p.]s£ At±lw Pohn-®n-cn-∏p-s≠-∂mWv hnizm-kw. Jnkvdns\ I≠ IhnAt±-l-tØmSv kmap-Zm-bnI cm„ob kw_-‘n-bmb Nne kPoh]iv\-ßƒ°v DØcw tXSp-∂p. Adn-hns‚ kap-Z-amb Jnkv¿ Ah-bvs°√mwDØcw \¬Ip-∂p. CXmWv Ihn-X-bpsS XpS-°-Øn¬ hmb-\-°m-c≥ImWp-∂-Xv. CJv-_m-ens‚ ]Xnhp coXn-bn¬ Xs∂ Bi-b-ßƒ XØz-Nn-¥-Iƒ Ch-sb√mw Imhym-fl-I-ambn Ah-X-cn-∏n-°p-∂p.

Jnkv¿ ]d-™p-Xp-S-ßp-∂Xv Cßn-s\-bm-Wv: ""ssZhnIcl-kysØBcm-™-e-bp∂ a\pjym \ns‚ A¥¿ t\Xßƒ°v ]Im-i-ap-s≠-¶n¬ \n\°v Cu temI-Øns‚ XJvZo¿ (\oXn) I≠-dn-bm≥ km[n-°pw. Ihn-bpsS tNmZy-ßƒ°p≈ Jnkvdns‚ adp-]-Sn-bn-emWv h¿Ø-am-\-Im-eØv a\p-jy-cm-in, ]tXy-In®v apkvenwkaqlw t\cn-Sp∂ ]iv\-ßƒ°p≈ ]cn-lmcw \n¿t±-in-°-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv. F¥n\p aW-em-c-Wy-Øn¬F∂p-sa∂pw Ign-bp∂psh∂ tNmZy-Øn\p≈ Jnkvdns‚ adp-]Sn \nc-¥-c-amb ]cn-iaw Pohn-X-Øns‚ \nZ¿i-\-am-Ip-∂p-sh-∂m-Wv. ]Xo-£-tbbpw kt¥m-j-tØ-bpw s]men-∏n-s®-Sp-°p∂ adp-]-Sn-I-fmWv Jn-kvdns‚`mK-Øp-\n-∂p-≠m-hp-I. Cu knI-Xm-cWy-Øn¬ e£y-an-√msX am≥t]-S-Iƒ NmSn-®mSn ]pf-°p∂ at\m-l-c-amb ImgvN \o I≠nt√? BIm-iØp \n∂v "Pn_vco¬' F∂ t]mse ]pe-cn-bpsS ]p©n-cn-°p-≈n¬\n∂v m\p-ams‚ mkp-c-In-c-W-ßƒ s]mń-∏p-d-s∏-Sp-∂Xv \o ImWp-∂nt√?kqcy≥ AkvX-a\Kncn-sb ]m]n-®-t∏mƒ Jeoens‚ (]hm-N-I-\mbC_m-ln-an-s‚) "kXym'-t\z-jWhyK--ß-fmb \b-\-ßƒ°v ss\cm-iyhpw kq£va-Xbpw hf¿Ønb acp`qan-bnse kmbm-”-Øns‚\n»–kpµ-c-amb Ah-ÿ \o Z¿in-®n-ń-t√. "k¬k_o-en\p Np‰pwkz¿§hmkn-I-sf∂t]mse acp- q-an-bn-se -bmX°m¿ Ahn-S-ß-fnse Acp-hn-Iƒ°v Np‰pw ]‰n-°q-Sp∂ IuXp-I-I-c-amb ImgvNbpw \o I≠n-ń-√.hnP-\-ÿ-eØv \n∂v \o t]asØ tXSp-I. Id-°-Øns‚ B[n-IyasXPohnXIpw`sØ _e-hØm--°n-Øo¿°p∂Xv. ]c-a-amb PohnXcl-kyhpw AXp-X-s∂.

Bfl]`m-hsØ atlm’hw t]mse Ihn-X-bn-eqsS sIm≠m-SnbIhn-bmWv CJv_m¬. Hmtcm ]c-am-Wp-hnepw Bflm-hns‚ taZpc]`m-h-ap-≠v. Nne kµ¿`-ßƒ Xmsg tN¿°p∂p. \o- D-W¿∂v ]mX-Øn¬a[p \nd-bv°pI, AXv Nn¥sb IqSp-X¬ im¥hpw aln-X-hp-am-°p-∂p.Hcp ]p¬Øp-ºn\v ]¿∆-X-Øns‚ CuSv \¬Ip-∂p. a¨s]m-Snsb Xmc-]-Y-Øn-te°v Db¿Øp-∂p. Hcp Pe-_n-µp-hn\v kapZ hnkvXrXn \¬Ip-∂p. Bflmhv PohnXkv^penw-K-am-hp-∂p. -k-Ø-bpsS Ie-i-Øn¬ \n∂vAcp-Wamb a[p-hns\ Bthmfw \pI-cp-I. Fcn-sh-bn-en¬ Zmln-®mepwInkvdn-t\mSp -t]mepw bmNn-°-cp-Xv. \o¿°p-an-f-t]mse \oc-[n-bpsS \Sp-hn -em-bn-cp -∂mepw \o ]mXsØ Ia-gvØn-∏n -Sn -°p-I. \o \ns‚\qX\temIsØ krjvSn-°p-I. A·n-Pzm-e-Iƒ sIm≠v \ns∂ \o ]pX-°p-I. C_m-ln-an-s\-t∏mse A·n-\m-f-ß-fn¬ \n∂v ]\n-\o¿∏q-°sftiJ-cn-°p-I.' ssZhw- a-\p-jy-t\mSv ]d-bp∂ h¿Ø-am-\-ßƒ CJv_m¬Bhn-jvI-cn-°p-∂Xv Cß-s\-bm-Wv. ""\o Pohn-®n-cn-°p-∂pt≠m? F¶n¬D’p-I-\m-bn-cn-°p-I. Fs∂-t∏mse AJne]]-©-sØbpw AS°n `cn-°p-∂-h-\m-bn-cn-°p-I. \ns‚ Pohn-X-Øns‚ kz¥w Bg-Øn¬ \n∂pwHcp ]pXnb temIsØ cq]-h¬°-cn-°p-I.A\y-cp-≠m-°p-∂- tem-IØvXma-kn-°pI F∂Xv kzX-¥-\mb a\pjy\v lnX-I-c-a-√. kr„-n°p-hm-\p≈ i‡n-bn-√m-Ø-h≥ Fs‚ Zr„n-bn¬ \mkvXn-I\pw Ahn-izm-kn-bp-am-Ip-∂p. Fs‚ kuµcykº-Øn¬ \n∂v Ah≥ H∂pw kºm-Zn-®n-ń√. Ah≥ Poh-hr-£Ønse ê-ßƒ `£n-®n-ń-√. ssZh-Øns‚a\pjym \o shń-Øn-f-ßp∂ JUvKsØ-t∏mse \nin-X-\m-bn-cn-°p-I.]`m-I-c-\m-bn-cn-°p-I.''

Hcp hy‡n-bn¬ Dd-ßn-°n-S-°p∂ i‡n-Isf hf¿Øn-sb-Sp-°m\pw]tNm-Zn-∏n-°p-∂p. kz¥w kwkvIrXo XS-ß-fn¬ \nd-™p-\n¬°p∂kuµcykº-Øp-Isf Is≠-Øp-hm\pw CJv_m¬ apkvenw kap-Zm-bsØ t]cn-∏n-°p-∂p. AXns‚ Bhn-jvImcw AXy-[nIw lrZblmcn-X-tbm-sS-bmWv. ""a‰p-≈-h-cpsS Km\-Øn¬ ZØi≤-\m-hp-tºmƒ \okzbw apc-fn-bm-sW∂ XXzw ad-°p-∂p. A\ys‚ Itºm-f-tØ-°mƒanI® t`mP\km[-\-ßƒ \ns‚ Ie-h-d-bn¬ kar-≤-ambp-≠v.''

kz¥w Ign-hp-Isf Is≠-Øp-∂-h-\m-hm≥ th≠n ]tNm-Z-\-a-cp-fp∂CJv_m¬ \nc-¥-c-ambn I¿Ωw sNøpI F∂ Blzm\w Ihn-X-I-fn-eqsS \¬Ip-∂p. ""tl I¿jIm, \ns‚ bYm¿∞\ne Kln-°p-I. hnØpwhnfbpw hbepw agbpw \o Xs∂. sImSp-¶m-‰-Sn-°p-tºmƒ \o ]cn-`-an-°-cp-Xv. h©n-°m-c\pw h©nbpw \Zo-Xo-chpw \o Xs∂. A¬]w sam´p-I-fm¬ -kw-Xr]vXnbS-bp∂ \o hnUvVn Xs∂. \ns‚ aSn-Ø´v \nd-bp-thmfw hmcn-sb-Sp-°p-hm≥ amXw ]q°ƒ \ns‚ DZym-\-Øn-ep-≠v. \oHcp Xp≈n amX-am-sW-¶n-epw -A-]m-c-amb kap-Z-Øns‚ Ignhv \n\-°p-

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Sew t]mse Nn∂n-®n-Xdn hiwsI´p t]mb-Xv. apk¬ams‚ lrZ-b-Øn¬Pohn-Xmi Xfn¿°-Ww. Ahs‚ Pohn-X-Øns‚ ]c-a-amb BZ¿iw ssZh-Øns‚ ]oXn kam¿÷n-°-em-h-Ww.

CJv_m-ens‚ ImhykØ F¥m-sW∂pw AXv Bhn-jvI-cn-°m≥At±lw D]-tbm-Kn® `mj-bpsS Imhym-fl-IX F¥m-sW∂pw Xncn-®-dn-™m¬ amXta icn-bmb hnh¿Ø\w km[y-am-Iq. ]Zm-\p-]Zhnh¿Ø-\hpw hmIym-\p-hmIyhnh¿Ø-\hpw \S-Øp-tºmƒ ]e-t∏mgpw AXns‚Imhym-fl-IX tNm¿∂p-t]m-hm-dp-≠v. "hnh¿Ø\w sNø-s∏-Sp-tºmƒ \„-s∏-Sp-∂-sXt¥m AXmWv IhnX' Fs∂mcp sNm√v Xs∂ D≠m-bn-´p-≠v. ipjvI-amb hnh¿Ø\w aqe-I-hn-tbmSv sNøp∂ henb A]-cm-[-am-bn-cn-°pw. hnh¿Ø-\w ]p\x-krjvv-Sn-bm-hWw F∂ XXzhpw D≠m-bn-´p-≠v. Cu ho£-W-ß-sf√mw Dƒs°m-≠n´v hnh¿Ø\w sNøm≥hnh¿Ø-I¿ aqe-K-Ÿ-Im-cs\t∏mse ]Xn-`-bp≈ Bfm-bn-cn-°-Ww.B_p-hns‚ hnh¿Ø\w Ihn-X-bpsS ]p\x-kr-„n-bm-Ip-∂ A]q¿∆wkµ¿ -ßƒ Pohn-X-c-l-ky-Øn-ep-≠v. Hcp DZm-l-cWw ImWpI. ""tkz—m-]-`p-Xz-am-Ip∂ cm£kn ]Pm-b-Ø-am-Ip∂ ]´m-S-b-Wn™v \rØwsh°p-I-bm-Wv. I„w! \o AXns\ kzmX-¥y-Øns‚ apKv[kzcq-]-am-sW∂v hymtam-ln-°p-∂p.'' C¥y-bnse h¿Ø-am\ Ime-Øns‚ bYm-X-Y-amb NnXw t]mepw \¬Ip∂ CJv_m-ens‚ Cu hcn-Iƒ Ihn-bpsS a\ v kºq¿Æ-ambn Dƒs°m-≠n-´mWv B_p hnh¿Ø\wsNbvXn-cn-°p-∂-Xv. AXn-\m¬Øs∂ B_p-hns‚ Cu hnh¿Ø\w HcphnPbw Xs∂.

***** ***** *****

C∂p \msf F∂ am\-Zfiw sIm≠v \o Pohn-XsØ Af-°-cp-Xv.Pohn-Xw A\-iz-chpw Ne-\-\n-c-Xhpw \nXy-bu-h\bp‡-hp-am-Ip-∂p.]¿∆Xw shń-\o°n \Zn-sbm-gp°nb ^¿lm-Zns‚ lrZb-tØmSv Pohn-X-Øns‚ cl-ky-sa-s¥∂v At\z-jn-°p-I. At∏m-f-dnbmw £oc-\-Zn,sh´p-hmƒ,- ]m-d-s°´v F∂n-h-bmWv PohnXw F∂.v ASnaPohnXw˛AXvh‰n-°m≥ sIń \ndpØnb \Zn°v Xpey-amWv. kzX¥PohnXw ]mcm-hmcw t]mse hnime kpµ-c-a-sX. Hcp ]nSn aÆpsIm≠v kr„n-°-s∏á\p-jys‚ BIm-c-Øn-\p-≈n¬ PohnXw Kp]vX-ambn InS-°p-∂p. AXns‚i‡n]`mhw ]Xy-£-s∏-Sp-∂Xv AXv I¿Ω-\n-c-X-am-Ip-tºm-g-sX.PohnXw AXv I¿Ω-ß-fm¬ ]mIX hcp-Øm-Xn-cp-∂m¬ shdp-samcpaÏ-´-t]mse InS-°pw. \nc-¥c I¿Ω-ßƒsIm≠v ]mIX hcp-tºmƒAsXmcp shń-Øn-f-ßp∂ hmfmbn amdpw. wKp-c-ß-fmb BIm-i-tØbpw`qan-tbbpw \ns‚ I¿am-Kv\n-bn¬ Zln-∏n-°p-I. B Nmº-en¬ \n∂v \o\ns‚ I¿Ω-tem-IsØ kzbw sIń-∏-Sp-°p-I. \ns‚ ]cn-iaw sIm≠v\o _Z-Jvim-\nse hne-tb-dnb apØp-Isf \n¿Ωn-°p-I. Ah ]uc-kvXy-tem-I-Øn¬ A¿°-Xpeyw ]Im-in-°s´'' Jnkvdns‚ adp-]-Sn-bn¬ `c-W-IqSw, sXmgnepw thX-\hpw, Ckvem-anItemIw XpS-ßnb ]e hnj-b-ßfpw kv]¿in-°-s∏-Sp-∂p-≠v. B[p-\nI temI-Ønse ]cn-jvIrXkaq-l-Øns‚ Pme-hn-Zy-bmbmWv `c-W-Iq-SsØ Ihn ImWp-∂-Xv. ]m›m-Xy-cpsS ]Pm-bØw ssIk¿ `c-W-Iq-S-Øns‚ hnØv s]mSn-®p-≠mbbmYm-ÿn-Xn-I-Xz-a-√mØ as‰m-∂p-a-√. apX-em-fn-Iƒ sXmgn-em-fn-IfpsStNmc ]ngn-s™-Sp-°p-∂-Xns‚ coXn-Iƒ sXmgnepw thX-\hpw' F∂`mKØv ImWmw. sXmgn-en-s‚ ]Xn-êw [\n-I¿ Zcn-Z¿°v k°mØvsImSp-°p-∂Xp t]msebmbn-Øo¿∂n-cn-°p-∂-Xn-ep≈ tcmjw Ihn-X-bn-ep-≠v. apX-em-fn-am-cpsS h©-\-Iƒ Ihn FSpØp Im´p-∂p. F∂n´vDW-cm\pw ]h¿Øn-°m-\p-ap≈ Blzm\w \¬Ip-∂p. Ckvem-anI temI-sØ-°p-dn-®p≈ Imhy-`m-KØv apk¬ams‚ c‡w ]®-sh-≈-tØ-°mƒXWpØp t]mb-Xn-s\-°p-dn®v ZpxJn-°p-∂p. kz¥w kwkvIr-Xn-tbbpwkzXz-sØ-bp-w ad∂v CX-c-kw-kvIr-Xn-Isf hmcn-∏p-W-cp-∂-Xnep≈D¬°WvT tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂p. Xp¿°n-I-fp-sSbpw Ad-_n-I-fp-sSbpw ]q¿∆-N-cnXw Hm¿Ωn-∏n-°p-∂p. kz¿ÆsØ X´m-∑m-sc∂ t]mse ]›m-Xy-cpsS X¥w kap-Zm-bsØ \pdp°n hnIr-X-s∏-Sp-Øn-b-Xns\ Nq≠n-°m-´p-∂p. kz¥w lrZbcl-ky-sØ-Ipdn®p t]mepw Xncn-®-dn-hn-√mØ hn[-Øn¬ Pohn-°p∂ kap-Zm-bmw-K-ß-tfmSv IÆp-Iƒ Xpd-°m\pw Bh-iy-ßƒ hos≠-Sp-°m\pw Blzm\w sNøp-∂p. Ckvem-anI \oXn ]p\x-ÿm-]n-X-am-hm≥ ]mNo-\-cpsS at\m-ss[cyhpw Bfl-hnizm-khpwkam¿÷n-°-Ww. Ipe-a-lna aXsØ AXnPohn-°m≥ CS-bm-I-cp-Xv.Aßs\ kw`-hn-®-Xn-\m-emWv apkvenw kaqlw hgn-at[y D≈ [qa-]-

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kzXzsØ AYhm D◊sb ]Sp-Øp-b¿Øm≥ hmb-\-°m¿°v ]tNm-Z\w \¬Ip∂, IS¬ Cc-ºp-∂Xp t]mep≈ Cu hcn-Isf B_p "am\nZ-s°mXn J¬_n¬' F∂ Ci-en¬ am∏n-f-∏m-´mbn Ah-X-cn-∏n-°p∂XvCß-s\.

""J√m-Jn≥ ]S-∏mIpw a\pjym \o DW¿∂nt√

s]m√m∏pw ]pX®p \o acn®p t]mtbm?''

KZy-Øn-ep≈ CJv_m-ens‚ hcn-I-fpsS Bhn-jvImc]uVX B_p-hns‚ hcn-I-fn¬ \qdv iX-am\w ImWm-\m-hp-∂n-√. CXns‚ ImcWwBhn-jvIm-c-]-Im-c-Øns‚ hyXy-kvXXbmWv F∂v ]d-bmw. IcpØvt\Sn, a\- º∂X B¿÷n®v, DW¿∂v \n∂v ]pXnb temIsØkrjvSn-°m-\p≈ CJv_mens‚ Imhym-fl-I-amb Blzm\w Hcp ]cn-[n-hsc am∏n-f-∏m-ń¬ tNm¿∂p-t]m-bn-cn-°p-∂p. "DW-cp-I'˛ "DW¿∂n-t√'F∂m-Ip-tºmƒ A¿∞Zm¿Vyw Ipd-bp-∂p. Hcphnj-bsØ Zp¿_-ehpwi‡-hp-ambn Ah-X-cn-∏n-°p-∂-Xns‚ DZm-l-cWw ae-bmf Ihn-X-bn-sem-cn-SØp≠v. Nß-ºp-g-bpsS hmg-°p-e-bpsS Bhn-jvIm-chpw CS-t»cntKmhn-µ≥\m-b-cpsS ]pØ≥I-ehpw Acn-hmfpw F∂ Ihn-X-bpsS Bhn-jvIm-chpw Xmc-Xayw sNøp-tºmƒ ta¬]-d™ Imcyw sXfn-™p-In-´pw. tIma≥ Hcp hmg \´p. AXp hf¿∂v hep-Xmbn Ipe-®p. ]e-t∏mgpw]ń-Wn-bn¬ Ign-tb-≠p∂ tImas‚ a°ƒ hmg -Ip-e-°p-∂Xpw ]gp-°p-∂Xpw ImØv ImØv t\m°n t\m°n Ccn-∏m-bn-cp-∂p. ]g-°pe apX-em-fn-bpsS Bƒ°m¿ sImØn-sb-SpØv sIm≠p-t]m-b-t∏mƒ tIma\pwa°fpw \t√mWw ZpxJn®p. Icp-tØmsS XS-bm\pw FXn¿°m\pwAh¿°m-bn-√. Nß-ºpg B cwKw Cßs\ Bhn-jvI-cn-°p-∂p. ""CXn-s\ms° ]Xn-Imcw sNøm-X-S-ßp-tam, ]Xn-Xtc \nßƒ X≥ ]n≥ap-d-°m¿.'' apX-em-fn-Ø-Øns‚ A[¿ΩsØ FXn¿°m≥ XmWn-bn-√m-Ø-Xn-\m¬ hcp∂ Xe-ap-d-sb-¶nepw AXp sNøp-sa∂p kam-[m-\n-°p-I-bmWv tIma≥ As√-¶n¬ Ihn. AtX ka-bØv CØcw kµ¿`-ß-fn¬ F¥mWv sNtø-≠-sX∂v CS-t»cn ZrV-ambn Nq≠n-°m-´p-∂p-≠v.""A[n-Imcw sImø-W-amZyw \mw, AXn\p taem-hs´ s]m∂m-cy≥.'' Nß-ºp-gbpw CS-t»-cnbpw GXm-s≠mtc ImeØv Pohn-®-h-cm-sW∂ ImcyhpwHm¿Ωn-°-Ww. Im¬]-\nI Ihn-X-bnse Bhn-jvImcXew Zp¿_-ehpwbYm-X-Ym-hn-jvImccoXn-bn¬ i‡-hpam-hp∂p F∂v \ymbo-I-cn®p ]d-bp-I-bp-am-hmw. C°mcyw Nß-ºp-g-bp-sStbm B_p-hn-s‚tbm XI-cm-d-s√∂pw IhnX cNn-°m≥ Ah¿ kzoI-cn® aoUnb-bpsS hyXy-kvXX-bm-sW∂pw ]d-bmw.

""Be-Øn-∂p-S-a-X∂Sn-a-tbm-Sp-c-Ønt√

tNsemØ ]pXp-temIw ]S-®o-Sp-hm≥''

ssZh-Øns‚ a\p-jy≥

temI-]-kn-≤-\mb alm-Ihn tUmŒ¿ apl-ΩZv CJv_m-ens‚ AKm-[-amb Bi-b-ß-fp≈ Ihn-X-Isf am∏n-f-∏m-ńs‚ Ci-ep-I-fn-te°v ]cm-h¿Ø\w sNøpI F∂ AXy-[nIw IuXp-I-I-c-amb Hcp ]p\x-kr„n]bXv\w H.-B_p \S-Øn-bn-´p-≠v. CJv_m-ens‚ "ssZh-Øns‚ a\p-jy≥'-F∂ Imhy-Øns‚ adp-]n-d-hn-bm-Wn-hnsS \S-∂n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. IS¬Ccºp-∂Xv t]mse Kwò-c-amb Ihn-X-Iƒ CJv_m¬ Fgp-Xn-bn-´p-≠-t√m. AXns\ ae-bm-fo-I-cn-°pI amX-a√ am∏n-f-∏m´v IqSn-bm-°pI F∂AXy¥w t¢i-I-c-amb ]hrØn B_p \S-Øn-bn-´p-≠v. Cßs\sNøm≥ AXy-[n-I-amb Ih\ti-jnbpw ]Xn-`m-ti-jnbpw Bh-iy-ap-≠v. B_p am∏n-f-∏m´phXvI-cn® CJv_m-ens‚ Nne hcn-Iƒ hmbn-°p-I. ssZhw a\p-jy-t\mSv ]d-bp-∂-Xmbn CJv_m¬ Fgp-Xnb Hcp Imhy-`m-KamWnXv. ""\o Pohn-®n-cn-°p-∂pt≠m? F¶n¬ D’p-I-\m-bn-cn-°p-I.kr„n-°p-∂-h-\m-bn-cn-°pI. Fs∂-t∏mse AJne]]-©-sØbpwAS°n cn-°p∂h-\m-bn-cn-°p-I.-\n-\°v hne-bn-√mØ F¥n-t\bpw ASn-®-p XI¿Øp-I-f-bp-I. \ns‚ kz¥w Pohn-X-Øns‚ Bg-Øn¬ \n∂v\o Hcp ]pXnb temIsØ cq]-h¬°-cn-°p-I. A\y-cp-≠m-°p∂temIØv Xma-kn-°pI F∂Xv kzX-¥-\mb Hcp a\p-jy\v tbmPn-®-X-√. kr„n-°p-hm-\p≈ i‡n-bn-√m-Ø-h≥ Fs‚ Zr„n-bn¬ \mkvXn-I\pwAhn-izm-kn-bp-am-Ip-∂p. (h°w A–p¬ JmZ-dns‚ hnh¿Ø-\-am-WnXv)

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X-ambn Bhn-jvIcn®n-´p-≠v.

""Gg-sb∂pw a∂s\-∂pw

Xmsgsb∂pw aosX-sb-∂pw.

Dugn-bn¬ -t`-Z-ßƒ Nn∂pw

]qgn-bn¬ tNcpw \c\pw.''

"^nXv¿ k°m-Xn'\v ]pd-s∏-Sp∂ ktlm-Z-cn-I-fpsS \nebpw s]cp-∂m-fn¬ ZpxJn-®n-cp∂ _mes\ \_n hmcn-sb-SpØv Npa-en-te‰nXmtemen®m-\-µn-∏n® kµ¿`hpw ]mń\v hnj-b-am-°nb B_p ]Xo-£sb s]men-∏n-°m\pw ian-°p-∂p≠v. acn-°m≥ ]nd∂ a\p-jy-t\mSv,\_n-bpsS lnPvd, bmXbnse kw`-hw (-]p-tcm-K-Xn), dwkm≥ amk-hpws]cp-∂mfpw˛ Cßs\ ]e-]e hnj-b-ß-fmbn B_p kzoI-cn-®n´p≠v.

***** ***** *****

F∂ hnh¿Ø-\- mKw anI-®-Xm-bn-Øo¿∂n- p-≠v. Npcp-°n-∏-d-b-ens‚HXp-°hpw Cu am∏n-f-∏m´ph¬°-c-W-Øn¬ ImWm-\p-≠v.

""Dt≠m \n≥ XSn-bn¬ dqlpW¿∂-Xn≥ Phm-t_mXv

Ds≠-¶n-eXnt\mSo Ddp-Xn-tbmXv''

""th≠mØ kI-eXpw lem°m°o-´-Xn¬ \n∂v

ho≠pw ]pXp-temIw ]S-°p-sIm∂v''

""ssZh-Øn≥ a\pjym \o ]S-°m\pw hn[n-°m\pw

ssZh-Øm-e-cp-fs∏´b-t®m-\t√''

CØcw ]m´p-`m-K-ßƒ HuNnXy]q¿Æ-am-Wv.

CXp-t]mse "Nen-bv°p-I, Nen-bv°p-I, \nc-¥cw Nen-bv°pI. Ne-\-am-Wv Pohn-XsØ hm¿sØ-Sp-°p-∂Xv' F∂ CJv_m-ens‚ hcn-IƒB_p Xo¿Øpw kzX-¥-ambn H∏w Bi-bsØ Dƒs°m≠p sIm≠vam∏n-f-∏m-´m-°n-bn-cn-°p-∂p. kzoI-cn® Ci¬ XS-In-a-W-sØ F∂-Xm-Wv.

ck-cm-P-\mb irwKm-csØ Im¬]-\nI `mj-bn¬ Bhn-jvI-cn-°m-\p≈ B_p-hns‚ Ignhv amc≥ hcpw Zn\w hcpt∂ F∂ ]mń¬ ImWm-\p-≠v. "amc-c-∂_n' -F∂ Ci-en¬ AØ-c-samcp kµ¿`-ap-≠v.

""ap√-\´v \o \\®v

h√n-bm-bn˛ ]nt∂

h√n s]‰v ap√-sam´v

`wKn-bmbn

sam´-W™ \mfp-t]mbn

°me-ambv At∏mƒ

s°´p s]mń-∏p-©n-cn-®Xv

]qhp-ambn''

h√n sam´mbn sI´p-s]mń ]p©n-cn-°p-∂-XmWv ]qhv F∂ I¬]-\-bn¬ Im¬]-\nI `mj-bpsS `wKnbpw Imhym-fl-I-X-bp-ap-≠v. A≤zm-\n-bpsS aln-asb ]pXp-am-c≥ F∂ Ihn-X-bn¬ ]pI-gvØp-∂p.

am∏n-f-∏m-ń-s\-°p-dn®v Xs∂ B_p Hcp ]ms´-gp-Xn-bn-´p-≠v. am∏n-f-∏m´v B¿°pw Ft∏mgpw Ib-dn-s®-√m-\p≈ hgn-b-º-e-as√∂pw, AXn∂vAXn-t‚-Xmb Xt‚-Shpw `mj-bp-ap-s≠∂pw amc-c-∂-_n, -Nm-bepwapdp°hpw F∂o C-i¬ tN¿∏n-eqsS At±lw hniZ-am-°n-bn-´p-≠v.CXn¬ Pohn-X-Øns‚ \n m-cX Hcp XØz-Nn-¥-bpsS ań¬ Ah-X-cn-∏n-®n-cn°p∂p. C∂sØ ań¬ ]d™m¬ am∏n-f-∏mńse "Ci¬^yqj≥' BWn-sX∂p ]d-bmw. "_ohnbpw ]qhpw' F∂ ]mńepw ]q¥m-\-Øns‚ "⁄m∏m\'bnse-∂-t]mse Kl-\-ß-fmb XØz-Nn-¥-Isf efn-

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38

Ahs‚ lnX-Øn\v hg-ß¬˛ CXmWv K men Camw \memw `mKØvAh-X-cn-∏n-®n-´p≈ hnj-b-ßƒ. Xe-s°-´p-Iƒ Xs∂ Iem-]-c-am-Wv.K m-en-bpsS Adn-hns‚bpw `mj-bp-sSbpw H∏w t]mhpI \t∂ ]bm-k-I-c-am-Wv. AX I≠v Bg-ap-≈Xpw `mjm-k-hn-ti-j-X-I-fp-≈-Xp-amWvB IrXn-Iƒ. ]pkvX-I-Øns‚ A\p-_-‘-ambn Ggp D]-Xy-IƒtN¿Øn-´p-≠v. (1) ⁄m\-Øns‚ ss]XrIw (2) ]›m-Øm-]-Øns‚ss]XrIw (3) D]-tcm-[-ß-fp-sS ss]XrIw (4) I„-∏m-Sp-I-fp-sSss]XrIw (5) C-Sn -ap -g-°-Øn-s‚ ss]XrIw (6) AKm-[-X-bp-sSss]XrIw. (7) kvtXmX-Øn-s‚ ss]XrIw Cu D]-Xy-I-Iƒ "-an≥lm-Pp¬ B_nZo≥ F∂ KŸ-Øn¬ \n∂pw FSpØp tN¿Ø-Xm-sW∂pw]d-bp-∂p-≠v.

Pohn-XØns‚ AKm-[-XI-sfbpw B-¥cXØz-ß-sfbpw Hcp A\ym-]-tZ-i-I-Y-bpsS -a-ń-emWv K men Ah-X-cn-∏n-°p-∂-Xv. a\pjyPohn-X-Øn-s‚ B¥c`mh-ßsf shfn-s∏-SpØm≥ K men kzoI-cn® IYm ań-ep≈ ]d-®n-ens‚ coXn Xmsg tN¿°p∂p. t]\-bpsS cq]-II-Y-bm-Wn-Xv. ]Im-i-Øn-te°v bmX sNøp-I-bm-bn-cp∂ Hcp `‡≥ hc-I-tfmSpIqSnb Hcp IS-emkv IjvWw I≠p. \o F-¥n-\mWv \ns‚ kpµ-c-ambapJw Idp-∏n-®n-cn-°p-∂-Xv F∂v B `‡≥ tNmZn-®p. Fs∂ A[n-t£-]n-°p-∂Xv \∂-√. Xm≥ kzÿ-ambn Ccp-t∂-S-Øv \n∂p NmSn-bn-dßn_em¬°m-tcW Fs‚ apJw Idp-∏n-®sX¥n-\m-sW∂p t]\-tbmSv tNmZn-°p-∂p. ajntbmSp tNmZn°q F∂v IS-emkv ]d-™p. ""\o ]d-™Xvicn-bm-sW''∂v ]d™p sIm≠v B `‡≥ ajn-bpsS t\sc Xncn™p\n∂p Imcyw tNmZn-®p.

"Xm¶ƒ Ft∂mSp tNmZn-°p-∂-sX-¥n\v? Rm≥ ajnØń¬ -A-S-ßnsbm-Xp-ßn-bn-cn-°p-Ibmbn-cp-∂p. F\n°p ]pdØp hcm≥ Dt±iy-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂n-√. Iqc-\mb Cu t]\ Fs‚ ta¬ NmSn hoWv Fs∂hen-®n-g®v Cu IS-em-kn-t∑¬ X≈n-bn-´p. ChnsS \n -lm-b-\mbn Rm≥InS-°p-∂Xv \o ImWp-∂p-≠t√m. \nßƒ Atßm´p t]mbn B t]\-tbmSv At\z-jn°q' F∂v ajn ]d-™p. `‡≥ t]\sb kao-]n-®p.t]\ ac-sØ-°p-dn®v ]d-™p. AXns\ shń-shń Xp≠w Xp≠am-°nbssIøn-s\-°p-dn®v tNmZn-®t∏mƒ AXp ]d-bp-∂Xv....... Cßs\ A¿∞-Nm-cp-X-bn-te°v \ofp∂ Nß-e-s°m-fpØv t]mep≈ Bi-b-ßƒ. AXvC—-bn-te°v, Adn-hn-te-°v, bp‡n-bn-te°v \bn-°p-∂p. `‡≥ Adn-hn-t\mSv ]d™p. "Rm≥ Fs‚ At\z-jWam¿§-Øn¬ Np‰n-°-d-ßp-I-bm-Wv. Imc-W-a-t\z-jn-®p-sIm≠v Rm≥ kao-]n-°p∂ Hmtcm-cp-Øcpwas‰mcmsf Nq≠n-°m- p-∂p. F∂mepw Fs‚ At\z-j-WØn¬ Hcp B\-µ-ap-≠v. ImcWw Hmtcm-cp-Øcpw \ymb-amsW∂v tXm∂n°p∂ HmtcmImcWw ]d-bp-∂p-≠v. ho≠pw tNmZy-ßfpw DØ-c-ß-fpw. HSp-hn¬ FØp-

K men-bpsS"Clvbm Deqap-±o≥'

temI-]-kn≤XØz-Nn-¥-I\pw ⁄m\nbpw IpimK_p≤n-bpw hiy-h-N- p-amb Camw K m-en-bpsS "Clvbm Deqap-±o≥' B_p ae-bm-f-Øn-em°nbn-´p-≠v. AXns‚ \memw `mKw amXta e`y-am-bn-´p≈q.Ckvemans\ kw_-‘n®v a\p-jy-hn-c-Nn-X-amb hntizm-ØcKŸw F∂hnti-j-W-ap≈ ]pkvX-I-amWv "Clvbm Deq-ap-±o≥'. B H‰ IrXnsh®psIm≠p Xs∂ Deq-ap-±os‚ Bghpw AXns‚ hnh¿Ø\ kuµ-cyhpw \ap°p a\- nem-°m-\m-hpw. B alZvKŸ-Øns‚ kmcmw-i-amWvB_p \¬Ip -∂-X v . K m-en -bpsS Cu ]pkvX-IsØhnh¿Ø\Øns∂Sp°pI F∂Xv kml-k]hrØn-bmWv. AXns\Dƒs°m-≈m≥ Bg-ta-dnb Adnhpw _p≤n-i-‡nbpw Ah-X-cn-∏n-°m≥`mjm-]m-Shhpw Bh-iy-am-Wv. Cam-ans‚ hnt⁄bßfmb KŸ-ßfpambn NncImew _‘w ]pe¿Ønb kønZv \hm_v Aen B⁄m\kmK-c-Øn¬ \n∂pw tiJ-cn® apØpaWn-Isf CW°n-t°m¿ØvCw•o-jn¬ ]pkvX-I-ambn ]kn-≤o-I-cn-®n-´p-≠v. Ad_n Adn-bm-Ø-hcpwCw•ojv Adn-bm-Ø-h-cp-amb Bfp-Iƒ°v K m-en-bpsS ]uVhn⁄m-\-Øns‚ Zo]vXnhnti-jsØ ]cn-N-b-s∏-Sp-Øn-s°m-Sp-°pI F∂ Dt±iy-amWv Cu hnh¿Ø-\-Øn∂p t]c-I-sa∂v B_p Fgp-Xn-bn-´p-≠v.

a\p-jys‚ ]Ir-Xn, am\p-jn-tI—bpw Npa-X-e-bpw, t]\-bpsS cq]I-I-Y, Al-¶m-chpw s]mß-®-hpw, Nßm-Xn-Øhpw Bflm¿∞-Xbpw, t]a-Øns‚ kz`m-hw, a\p-jys‚ ]c-a-amb B\-µw, A√m-lp-hns‚ GI-X,A√m-lp-thm-Sp≈ kvt\lhpw AXns‚ Nn”-ßfpw, kk-t¥mjw

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Jp¿B≥]T-\-Øn-s\m-cm-ap-Jw

JzmPm Iam-ep-±os‚ "Jp¿B≥ ]T-\-Øn\v Hcp apJ-hpc' (C≥sSm-UIvj≥ ‰p Zn ÃUn Hm^v tlmfn Jp¿-B≥) 1967˛emWv B_phnh¿Ø\w sNbvX-Xv. hntij-s∏-´-sX∂v tXm∂n-∏n-°p∂ Nne- X-e-s°- p-I-fn-eqsS Jp¿-B≥ ]T-\sØ hy‡-am-°m-\mWv aqe-K-Ÿ-Im-cs‚iaw. A[ym-b-ßƒ°v \¬In-bn-´p≈ t]cp-Iƒ AXns‚ kqN-I-am-Wv."hlvbv Hcp apJym-hiyw', "Jp¿-Bs‚ B`n-ap-Jy-Øn¬ ]cn-jvImcw',"thZ-Ime ]cn-jvImcw', "Jp¿B≥ Hcm-hiyw', "A√m-lp-hns‚AkvXnXzw', "Jp¿Bs‚ Aam\p-jnI [¿Ωßƒ', "Jp¿B≥ A√m-lp-hn¬ \n∂p≈ Hcp KŸw', "Jp¿-B≥ Hcp A¤pXw', "`mjm-k-c-Wn-',"Jp¿B\nse ]h-N-\-ßƒ', "PK-ZvKŸw' XpS-ßnb Xe-s°-´p-Iƒ Jp¿-B≥ ]Tn-°p-tºmƒ Fßs\ kao-]n-°Ww F∂Xns‚ kqN-\-Iƒ\¬Ip-∂p. AtX kabw "Jp¿Bs‚ B`n-ap-Jy-Øn¬ ]cn-jvImcw' F∂Xe-s°´v Dt±in-°p∂ A¿∞-Øn-te°v hmb\-°m-cs\ FØn-°ptamF∂ kwi-b-ap-≠m-°p-∂p-≠v. Jp¿-B≥ ]fin-X-∑m¿ Jp¿-B-s\-°p-dn®v Fgp-Xp-tºmƒ ]d-bmdp≈ Imcy-ßƒ amXta (]Xnhv ]cn-N-b-s∏-Sp-Ø-ep-Iƒ) Cu ]pkvX-IØnep-≈q. Jp¿-Bs‚ X\n-a-bpw AXns‚Bhn-jvImc]Im-c-Øns‚ thdn´ coXn-bpw Cu KŸ-Øn¬ ImWm-\m-hn-√. Jp¿B-\n-eqsS Ah-X-cn-∏n-°-s∏-´n´p≈ A\\ykm[m-c-W-ambaqeyßƒ, Jp¿B≥ ]T-\-Øn-eqsS e`yam-Ip∂ hnimelrZ-bXzw, Jp¿-B-s‚ A¿∞NmcpX, Jp¿-B-\nI mj-bpsS Znhykz`mhw, Jp¿B\nI

∂Xv ssZh-Øn-emWv. ⁄m\-Øns‚ D]-tZiw tI´mWv ssZh-Øn-se-Øp-∂-Xv. ssZh-h-N\w Cß-s\-bm-bn-cp-∂p. GsXm-cmƒ \∑-bpsS am¿§-Øn¬ Xoh-bXv\w sNøp∂pthm \∑bn-te-°p≈ am¿§w \n›-b-ambpw\mw Ah¿°p ImWn-®p-sIm-Sp°pw. HSp-hn-esØ ]m¿∞-\-bn¬ `‡≥]d-bp∂Xv Cßs\: dt∫, AßbpsS \maw [\y-am-Ip-∂p. taen¬ Rm≥\iz-c-am-b-Xns\, a¿Øy-am-b-Xns\ `-b-s∏-Sp-I-bn-√. Rm≥ Fs‚ apgp-h≥ Gev]-\bpw A-ß-bn¬ A¿∏n--°p-∂p. Aß-bpsS s]mcp-Ø-Øn-emWv Fs‚ k-am[m\w. Aßb-psS Imcp-Wy-amWv Fs‚ A`-bw.'`‡≥, IS-emkv, ajn, t]\, acw, ssI Cßs\ Hmtcm∂pw a\p-jy\vssZh-km-∂n-[y-Øn-seØm≥ ZrjvSm-¥o-I-cn-°-s∏-Sp-∂p.

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Gev]\ = G‰n-cn∏v, G¬°¬ Fs∂m-s°-bm-Wv.

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k¿^-dmkv lpssks‚ teJ-\-ßfpw ]T-\-ßfpw A[n-I-ambn Fgp-X-s∏´Xv DdpZp `mj-bn-em-Wv. C∂pw C¥y-bn¬ Bgta-dnb Ckvem-anI]T-\-ßƒ \S-°p-∂Xv Ddp-Zp -hn-em-Wv. 1900˛¬ a[p-c-bn-¬ \S∂hnizaXktΩ-f-\-Ønepw 1905 ˛06 ¬ P∏m-\n¬ \S∂ AJn-etemI-aXktΩ-f-\-Ønepw Ckvem--ans\ ]Xn-\n-[o-I-cn®p ]kw-Kn-®Xv k¿^-dm-kv lpssk-\m-Wv. Ckvem-anse AssZzXkn-≤m¥w kq£v-a-ambn ]Tn-®n-´p≈bmfmWv k¿^-dmkv lpssk≥. ioi¶-cs‚ AssZz-XhpwCkvem-anse AssZz-Xhpw XΩn¬ tbmPn-°n-s√∂v ]d-bp-∂-h-cp-ap≠.v

"Ckvem-ans‚ kuµ--cym-t\z-j-W-'Øn¬ Bflob in£-W-ß-sf-°p-dn-®mWv KŸ-Im-c≥ BZy-ambn ]d-bp-∂-Xv. hnj-bm-h-X-c-W-Øn¬tNmtZym-Øc coXn-bmWv ]pkvX-I-Øn¬ kzoI-cn®p ImWp-∂-Xv.C¥ybn¬ Kpcp-IpekºZmbw D≠m-bn-cp∂ ImeØv hnZym¿∞n-IƒXe-\m-cngIodp∂ tNmZy-ßƒ Kq-cp-\m-Y-∑m¿°p t\sc Db¿Øn-bn-cp-∂p-sh∂v hmb-\-°m¿°v Adnbmw. Adn-hns‚ kq£v-aX-I-fn-te°v FØn-t®-cm-\m-Wn-Xv. B_p-hns‚ a\- nse kqôNn¥m-KXn Xs∂bmIWwCu ]pkvXIhnh¿Ø-\--Øn\v At±-lsØ t]cn-∏n-®n-cn-°p-I. -C-kvemans‚ kuµcysØ F´v A≤ym-b-ß-fn-embn hni-Z-am°p∂ ]pkvX-I-am-Wn-Xv. 1. Bflob in£-W-ßƒ, 2. [\y-amb GI-Xzw 3. [\ymflm--°ƒ 4.A©p -]am-Wßƒ 5. sXmń¬ sXm´v NpS-e-hsc 7. Pohn-X-Øns‚ cl-ky-ßƒ 8. ]cn-jvIm-c-Øns‚ aXw. CØcw Xe-s°´pIƒAt\zj-Wm-fl-IX-bpsS ]pXnb temI-Øn-te°v hmb-\--°m-cs\FØn°pw. Po-hn-XsØ BsI s]mXn™p \n¬°p∂ Zpcq-l-X-bn-te-°v k©-cn-°p∂ a\ v Hmtcm A≤ymb-ß-fneqsS AXn-\p≈ DØ-c-ßfpw Is≠-Øp-∂p-≠vv. CØcw DØ-c-ßƒ im¥n-bpsS Xoc-tØ°va\pjya\- ns\ FØn-°p∂ Xc--Ønep≈XmWv. Ah-km-\Ø A[ym-b-Øn\v "]cn-jvImc-Øns‚ aXw' F∂ Xe-s°-´mWv \¬In-°m-Wp-∂-Xv. -]-cn-jvImcw, kwkvImcw F∂o ]Z-ß-fpsS thdn- A¿∞-ßƒ B_pa\- n-em-°n-bnń-t√ Fs∂mcp ktµ-lhpw hmb-\--°m-c-\v tXm-∂m-\n-S-bp-≠v. "]cn-jvIm-cØns‚ aXw' F∂-Xn-t\-°mƒ Iptd°qSn HuNnXyw\¬IpI "-kwkvIr-Xn-bpsS aXw' F∂Xm-bn-cp-∂nt√?

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]Z-ß-fnse XØz-⁄m\w, hlvbns‚ ]cn-k-am]vXn, tlXphpw aX-hn-izmkßfpw F∂n-ß-s\-bp≈ 1960˛Ifnse ae-bmf CkvemanI kmln-Xy-Øn¬ AX I≠v IS∂ph∂n-ń-√mØ Nne kq£vaNn¥-Iƒ Cu]pkvX-I-Øn-ep-≠v. A°m-cyw hmb-\-°m-cs\ t_m[y-s∏-SpØm-\p≈DZm-l-c-W-ßfpw \¬Ip-∂p-≠v. 314 t]Pp-I-fp-≈ Cu ]pkvXIØn-¬henb Xe-s°-´pIƒ°p Iogn¬ sNdnb Xe-s°-´p-Ifpw \¬Inbn´p-≠v. Nne kµ¿`ßƒ A[ym-]-I≥ Ipń-Isf ]Tn-∏n-°m≥ Xømdm°p∂Ipdn-∏p-Iƒ t]msebm-Wv. "-Jp¿B≥ Hcm-h-iyw', "-Jp¿-B≥ Hc-¤pXw'CØcw Hcp,-Hcp F∂n-ß-s\-bp-≈ A\p-Nn-X-amb Bh¿Ø-\-ßƒ Cu]pkvX-I-Øn-ep-≠v. hmKvckw F∂ A¿∞-Øn¬ hmKkw I√pISn-bp-≠m-°p-∂p. PKZvKŸw F∂ ]tbmKw anI-hp-≈Xv Xs∂-bmWv Ckvem-ans‚ kuµ-cyw.

apKƒN-I-h¿Øn-am-cpsS Iogn¬ D∂-X-ÿm\w hln-®n-cp∂ apl-ΩZv k¿^dmkv lpssks‚ "Ckvem-ans‚ kuµcyw' F∂ ]pkvXIwB_p-hns‚ hnh¿Ø\-ß-fpsS Iq -Øn¬ anI-th-dn-b-Xm-Wv. CkvemanIXØz-ß-sf-°p-dn®pw Bi-bm-Z¿i-ß-sf-°p-dn®pw ]m]-Øn\v ssZhw\¬Ip∂ in£-sb-°p-dn®pa√msX Hcp PohnX]XybimkvXw F∂\ne-bn-ep-≈ Ckvemans‚ kuµ-cy-sØ-°p-dn-®p≈ At\z-jWw ae-bmfkmln-Xy--Øn¬ CubSpØ Ime-ØmWv Bcw-`n-®-Xv.

F√m aX-Øn\pw AXn-t‚-Xmb tbmKm-flI A¥- -Ø-bp-≠v.ssZh-hp-ambn kwebn®p≈ _“-km£mXvImcØn-t‚-sX∂v ]d-bm-hp∂ anÃnIv`mhw hmb-\-°m¿°v kp]-cn-Nn-X-am-Wv. "Alw _“mkvan'F∂ `mc-Xob tbmKm-flINn¥bv°v kam-\-ambn "A\¬lJv' F∂Ckvem-anI anÃnknk-ap-s≠∂v Nne ]fin-X-∑m¿ ]d-bp-∂p-≠v. ùXn-I-Xtbbpw B[ym-fln-I-X-tbbpw CW-°n-s°m≠v t]mIp∂ co-Xn-bmWvCkvem-anI anÃn-kn-k-sa∂v Cu hnj-bsØ imkvXo-b-ambn ]Tn-®n´p-≈-h¿ Nq≠n-°m-ńbn-´p-≠v. CXmWv IqSp-X¬ icn. "lnd'bnse [ym\m-¥y-Øn¬ ssZh-h-N-\-ßƒ ]hm-N-I\v e`y-am-b--t∏mƒ B hN\kp[km¿∞-I-am-°m≥ kaqla[y-Øn-te-°mWv \_n IS∂p h∂-sX∂v]tXyIw Hm¿t°-≠-Xm-Wv. F∂mepw ]e-Xcw kwkvIm-c-hp-ambn CS-s]-tS-≠n-h-∂n-´p-≈Xp sIm≠mImw ]e-X-c-Øn-ep≈ BflobhnNm-c-ßƒ Cu aX-Øn-\-IØv \nc-¥-c-ambn Ie¿∂n-cp∂p. C°mcy-ßƒ°p≈DZm-l-c-W-ß-fmWv "Xzco-J-Øp-Iƒ'. FÆ-a‰ "Xzco-J-Øp-Iƒ' ]te-S-ßfn-embn Ckvem-anI kaq-l-Øn-\-IØv ]n¬°m-eØv cq]-s∏-Sp-I-bp-≠m-bn. Aßs\ cq]-s∏´ Xzco-JØpIfmWv "NnivXnø', "\nkm-anø'XpS-ßn-bh. B_p kmln-_n¬ Hcp anÃnIv a\- p-≠m-bn-cp-∂p-sh∂vC®a-kvXms‚ hncp-Ø-ßfpsS hnh¿Ø-\hpw aplvbn±o≥ ssiJn-t\mSvB_p kmln-_n-\p≠m-bn-cp∂ kvt\lm-Xn-tc-Ihpw hy-‡-am-°p-∂p≠v.

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°n-bmWv _ ¬kv k¿∆-I-em-im-e-bn¬ \n∂v tUmŒ-td‰v t\Sn-b-Xv.Hcp BIvSn -hnÃv F∂ \ne-bn¬ temI-Øm-k-Iew el-cn -hn -cp≤]h¿Ø-\-ßƒ \S-Ønb GP¬ hmiv AXp-ambn _‘-s∏´ ktΩ-f-\-ß-fnepw ]-h¿Ø-\-ß-fn-ep-sa√mw Jp¿-B-s\bpw ]cn-N-b-s∏-Sp--Øp-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p. At±-l-Øns‚ Gd-dhpw ]i-kvXn-bm¿÷n® ]pkvX-I-amWv Cw-•o-jn¬ cNn-°-s∏´ ""Z dnen-Py≥ Hm^v Ckvemw.'' AXmWv H.-B_p hnh¿Ø-\w sNbvX-t∏mƒ "Zo\p¬Ckvemw' Bb-Xv. Ckvem-an-s\-∏‰n Fgp-X-s∏´ At\Iw IrXn-Iƒ hmbn®v ]Tn®pw Bi-b-ßƒtIm´w X´m-sXbpw kz¥w m-h--\-Iƒ Iqń-t®¿-°m-sXbpw cNn-® ]pkvX-I-am-Wn-Xv. apkvenw-Iƒ°pw A\y-a-X-ÿ¿°p-an-S-bn-ep≈ kulr-Zwhf¿Øm-\mbn cNn-°-s∏´ KŸam-Wn-Xv. \_n hcp-Ønb kmaq-lnI]cn-h¿Ø-\-ßƒ, Ckvem-ans‚ cmjvSobkmaq-lnIhyh-ÿ-Iƒ ChCu IrXn-bn¬ hni-Zo-I-cn-°p-∂p. Ckvem-an-s\-Xncmbn sIń-®-a®hmkvXhhncp-≤-amb Ip‰m-tcm-]-W-ß-fpsS Jfi\w, Ckvem-an¬kvXoIƒ°p≈ ]Z-hn, hnhm-lhpw hnhm-l-tam-N-\hpw, h[p-hns‚ kΩ-Xhpw c£n-Xmhpw, hnhm-l-tamN-\hpw `mcym-`¿Øm-°-∑m-cpsS t]mcm-bva-I-fpw, hnhm-l-tam-N-\-Øns‚ ]cn-[n, A\p-c-RvP-\-Øn\v Ckvemw\¬Ip∂ t]m’m-l\w XpSßn temIw Ckvem-an-s\-°p-dn-®v sX‰n-≤-cn® hnj-b-ß-fmWv \njv]-£-amb hni-I-e-\-Øn\v hnt[-b-am-hp-∂-Xv.Hc¿∞-Øn¬ Ckvemw hna¿i-\-ßƒ°p≈ adp -] -Sn -bm -Wn -Xv .apkvenaoßf√mØ, AtX-k-abw Ckvem-an-s\-°p-dn®v sX-‰n-≤m-c-W-IƒBZy-Im-eØv ]N-cn-∏n-°p-∂-Xn¬ apºn¬ \n∂ ssIkvXh ]fin-X-∑m¿°v ssIkvXh]fin-X-∑m-sc-s°m≠v Xs∂ adp-]Sn ]d-bn-∏n-°p∂coXn-bn-emWv cN\ \S-∂n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. Ata-cn-°≥ ]fin-X-\mb hneywF.-tPm¨k¨, Ae-Ivkm-≠-dn-b-°m-c--\mb Sn.-F-®v. tÃ¨, s]m^.PdmƒUv _m-°¨_dn XpS-ßnb ssIkvXh ]fin-X-∑m-cmWv Cu]pkvX-IsØ hmbn-®-dn-bm\pw Aßs\ Ckvem-an-s\-°p-dn--®p≈ sX‰n-≤m-c-W-Iƒ \o°m\pw Bh-iy-s∏-ń-cn-°p-∂-Xv. ssIkvXh C-kvemanIho£-W-ßsf tbmPn-∏n-°p∂ IÆn-sb-∂mWv "Zo\p¬ Ckvemw'hntijn-∏n-°-s∏-ń-cn-°p-∂-Xv. GP¬ hmins‚ `mjm ssien-bpsSemfnXyw, \njv]-£hpw ka-K-hp-amb ]X-Nn-]m-Z-\w, hnj-bm-h-X-cW]mShw˛ F¥p sIm≠pw anI-th-dnb ]pkvX-I-am-Wn-Xv. Hmdn-b-‚enÃmbsl¿a≥ s_ ¿ Fgp-Xp-∂p. ""C°-gn™ \m¬]Xv sIm√°mewCkvem-ans\ ]Xn-]m-Zn-°p∂ At\Iw KŸ-ß-fp-ambn \nc-¥cw ]cn-N-bs∏ń-´p≈ Hcp hy‡n F∂ \ne-bn¬ Rm≥ ]d-bp-∂p. Cu hnj-b-Øn¬ CX kXy-k-‘-am-bpw, \njv]-£-ambpw EPp-hmbpw ip≤-ambpwcNn-°-s∏´ as‰mcp KŸw Rm≥ thsd I≠n-ń√.'' Ad-_n-I-fpsS D∂-X-amb kwkvImcw, \mK-cn-I-X, Nn¥m-K-Xn, BNmcacym-Z-Iƒ, al-Ømb[oc-iqcX-Iƒ am\h kap-Zm-b-Øns‚ D≤m-c-W-Øn¬ DtØ-P\w

Zo\p¬ Ckvemw

H.-B-_p-hns‚ as‰mcp hnh¿Ø-\-Ir-Xn-bmWv "Zo\p¬ Ckvemw'.B_p-hns‚ `mj-bn-¬ ]d-™m¬ ""hiy-h-N pw NcnX]Sp-hp-ambAlvaZv GP¬ hmiv F∂ Ckvem-anI ]fin-X≥ "Z dneo-Pn-b≥ Hm^vCkvemw' Fgp-Xn-bXv Ckvemw aX-sØ-°p-dn®v t_m[-]q¿∆-tam A√m-sXtbm D≈ sX‰n≤m-c-W-Iƒ \o°m-\m-Wv.'' Cu IrXn C∂sØ temI-km-l-N-cy-Ønepw ]k-‡-ambnØocp-∂p-sh∂v ]tXyIw ]d-tb-≠Xn√.GP¬ hmiv F-gp-Xnb Ime-tØ-°mƒ IqSp-X¬ sX‰n-≤m-c-W-Iƒ C∂vapkvenwIsf Ipdn®v temI-sØ-ºm-Sp-ap-≠v. \_n-Xn-cpta-\n-bpsS \njv]-£-amb Poh-N-cn-Xhpw Ckvem-ans‚ in£-W-ßfpw kw£n-]vX-ambnP\-k-a£w Ah-X-cn-∏n°m\mWv Cu IrXn cNn-®-sX∂v aqe KŸ-Im-c≥ Fgp-Xnbn-´p-≠v. Ckvem-ans‚ kmcmw-i-ßsf kXy-k-‘-ambn ]Xn-]m-Zn-°m\pw \njv]£-ambn hne-bn-cp-Øm\pw th≠n cNn-°-s∏´ ]pkvX-I-am-Wn-Xv. kXy-k-‘\pw \oXn-am-\p-amb Hcp Ncn-X-Im-cs‚ a\-t m-sS-bmWv ]pkvXIcN\ \n¿∆-ln-°-s∏ń-cn-°p-∂-Xv. Ckvem-ans‚Bhn¿`m-h-Øn\p apºp≈ Ad-_n-I-fpsS aX-cm-„o-b-km-aq-ln-I-[m¿ΩnI Ah-ÿ-Isf Npcp-°n-∏-d-bp-I-bmWv Cu IrXn-bn¬ sNbvXn-´p-≈-Xv.

AlvaZv GP¬ hmiv CuPn-]vjy≥ kmaq-lnI ]cn-jvI¿Øm-hm-bn-cp-∂p. BZy-Ime]T\w Cw•-≠n-em-bn-cp-∂p. kq^n-ksØ B[m-c-am-

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B_p-hns‚ Poh-N-cn-X-K-Ÿ-ßƒ

Poh-N-cnXcN-\bv°vHcp apJ-°p-dn∏v

Hcmƒ as‰m-cm-fpsS Pohn-X-hr-Øm¥w kpµ-c-ambn Fgp-Xp-∂XmWvPoh-N-cnXw. Hcp ]tXyI hy‡n-bpsS Pohn-X-sØ-°p-dn-®p≈ NcnXwF∂ A¿∞-Øn-emWv Cw•o-jn¬ _tbm-K^n F∂ ]Zw ]tbm-Kn-°p-∂Xv. 1683 ¬ ssUU≥ F∂ Cw•ojv Fgp-Øp-Im-c-\mWv _tbm-K^n F∂ ]Zw BZy-ambn D]-tbm-Kn-®-Xv. "Iemkr„n F∂ \ne-bn¬Xøm-dm-°-s∏´ Hcp hy‡n-bpsS kXy-k-‘-amb tcJ' F∂mWvlmtcmƒUv \nIvk≥ Poh-N-cn-X-Øn\v \¬Inb \n¿∆-N-\w. hy‡n-I-fpsS PohnXIY ]Xn-]m-Zn-°p∂ kmlnXyimJ-bmWv Poh-N-cn-X-sa∂vHmIvkvt^m¿Uv \nL-≠p-hn¬ ImWmw. N-cnXw, hy‡n, kmlnXywCh aq∂n-epamWv AXv Du∂n -\n¬°p-∂-Xv. hy‡n-bpsS kXy-k-‘-amb tcJ-bmWv Poh-N-cnXw. Iem-]c-ambn CXv kwhn-[m\w sNbvXn-cn-°-Ww. Poh-N-cn-X-Im-c≥ tZmssjI-Zrt°m Kp-W-]-Nm-c-I-t\m- am-X-am-I-cp-Xv. NcnX]pcp-j≥ Pohn-®n-cp∂ Ime-L- -Øns‚ Ne-\-ßƒ Kln-°msX ka-K-amb Poh-N-cnXw Fgp-Xm-\m-hn-√. At∏mƒ Hcp kmaqlnI

\¬Inb bp≤-\o-Xn-Iƒ, ]cm-Pn-X-tcmSv ImWn® kln-jvWpX, HuZm-cyw, apkvenw imkvX-⁄-∑mcpw XØz-⁄m-\n-Ifpw temI-Øn-ep-≠m-°nb A¤p-Xs∏Sp-Øp∂ ]cn-h¿Ø-\-ßƒ, hnZym-`ymkXrjvW,ss[j-WnI ssh⁄m\nI cwK-Øp \¬Inb tkh-\-ßƒ, al-ØmbkmlnXykwkvIrXn-Iƒ, Ckvem-w FØnb \m-ń-ep-≠mb am‰-ßƒ,aX-kz-`mh kwkvI-c-W-Øn\v Cu aXw \¬Inb kw`m-h-\-Iƒ Cßs\Adn-hns‚ At\Iw ssIh-gn-I-fn-eqsS k©-cn°m≥ "Zo\p¬ Ckvem-an'\v km[n-°p-∂p-≠v.

a\pjycmin°v al-Ømb kΩm-\hp-ambn Ab-°-s∏´ apl-ΩZv\_n-sb-°p-dn®v ]m›-Xy-cn¬ Nn-e¿ ]d™p ]c-Ønb I≈-°-Y-Iƒ.1. ]nim-Np-°-fpsS Xe-h≥. 2. \c-_en BK-ln®bmƒ 3. `qan-bn¬ aX-hn-tcm-[-Øns‚ hnjhn-Øp-hn-X-®-h≥ 4. hjf≥ 5. HÍtamjvSm-hv.6.am\yX-bpsS ImX-e-dn-b-Ø-h≥ 7. kz¥w ktlm-Z-c-ß-tfmSv ]I-ho-´p-∂-Xn-∂mbn \q-X\aXw I≠p-]n-Sn-®-bmƒ 8. InkvXphntcm-[n-bmb ]m]n9. A⁄≥ 10. I≈-]-hm-N-I≥ 11. A¥- mchnlo-\≥ 12. kvXoeºS≥-Cßs\ \_n-bpsS t\sc \o≠ AXnhnNn-X-ßfmb hna¿i-\-ßƒ°pwA]-hm-Z-ßƒ°pw adp-]Sn ]d-bp-I-bmWv Zo\p¬ Ckvemans‚ I¿Øm-hv. temI-]-kn-≤-\mb Im¿sse¬ Xs‚ ]pkvX-I-amb lotdm BkvF s]m^‰v apl-ΩZv Bbn \_nsb sXsc-s™-SpØv ]e ]mivNmXy]fin-X-tcbpw Aº-c-∏n-®p. ]e-ImeL -ß-fn¬ ]e-\n-e-I-fn¬ ]JymXnt\Snb ]m›mXyKŸ-Im-c-∑m¿ Ckvem-an-s\-°p-dn®pw ]hm-N-I-s\-°p-dn®pw ]N-cn-∏n® I≈-°-Y-Iƒ \njv]£]Tn-Xm-°sf Aºc-∏n®p. CXn-\p≈ DNn-X-amb adp-]Sn ]d-bp-I-bmWv Zo\p¬ Ckvem-aneqsS GP¬hmiv sNbvXXv. apl-ΩZv Ak-Zns‚ "Ckvemw hgn-Øn-cn-hn¬' F∂KŸ-Ønse hnh¿Ø\ta∑ Cu KŸ-Øn¬ kq£n-°m≥ B_p-hn\vIgn-™n-ń-√. F¶nepw aqe-K-Ÿ-Im-c-≥ ]d-bm-\p-t±-in® Imcy-ßƒGXm≠v AtX-]Sn Ah-X-cn-∏n-°m≥ hnh¿Ø-I\v Ign-™n-´p-≠v.""arXypØc PmX]p-X≥''Xp-S-ßnb I√p ISn-°p∂ hm°p-Iƒ ]pkvX-I-Øn-ep-≠v.

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Kukp¬ AAvfw

ae-bmfkmln-Xy-Ønse Poh-N-cn-X-imJ AX-sbm∂pw kº-∂-a√. apkvenw al-Øp-°-sf-°p-dn®v Fgp-X-s∏´ IrXn-Iƒ hnc-en-se-Æm-hp-∂Xtb D≈q. CØ-c-samcp kml-N-cy-Øn¬ B_p Fgp-XnbNcnXIrXn-Iƒ°v hfsc ]m[m\yw D≠v. [mcmfw NcnXIrXn-IƒB_p cNn-®n-´p-≠v. Camw K m-en, -ko-Xn-km-ln-_v, apl-ΩZv apkvX-^,apkvenw cmPyNcn-Xw, kºq¿Æ Ckvemw NcnXw, enbm-JØv Aen-Jm≥,- a-lm-∑m-cpsS Ipń-°m-ew, CJv_m¬ Pn∂-°-b® IØp-Iƒ, io\mcm -b -Ws‚ GI-temIw, Ad-_n -a -e -bmf kmlnXyNcnXw,Pn∂mkmln-_ns‚ ktµ-iw, B[p-\nI temIhpw apl-ΩZv \_n-bpw,Kukp¬ AAvfw, bqk^v \_n NcnXw (am∏n-f-∏m-´p-Iƒ) F∂n-ßs\At\Iw IrXn-Iƒ B_p cNn-®n-´p-s≠-¶nepw ]eXpw e`y-a-√. C°q-´-Øn¬ s]´ Ad_nae-bmf kmlnXyNcn-X-sØ-°p-dn®pw io \mcm-b-W-s\-°p-dn®pw kn.-Sn. _jo¿ Cu ]pkvX-I-Øns‚ c≠mw `mK-Øn¬hni-Zo-I-cn®v Fgp-Xn-bn-´p-≠v. Ah-bm-Is´ B_p-hns‚ anI® IrXn-I-fp-am-Wv.

tIc-f-Ønse apkvenw a\- p-I-fn¬ ]Im-in-°p∂ Bflob Zo]inJ-bmWv "Kukp¬ AAvfw' F∂ hnti-j-W-ap≈ ssiJv aplvbn±o≥A–p¬ JmZn¿ Poem\n Xßƒ. At±-lsØ G‰hpw C„-s∏-Sp-∂-h¿°pt]mepw B alm]fin-Xs\ Adn-tb-≠Xp t]mse Adn-bm-\m-bn-ń-√.At±-lsØ hna¿in-°p-∂-hcpw [mcm-f-ap-≠v. Ahcpw At±-lsØ DNn-X-ambn ]Tn-°p-I-tbm hne-bn-cp-ØpItbm sNbvXn-ń-√. ssiJns‚kw`h_lp-e-amb hy‡nPohn-X-sØ-°p-dnt®m A∂sØ kaq-l-Øn¬

Ncn-X-Im-cs‚ DØ-c-hm-ZnØw IqSn Poh-N-cn-X-Im-c≥ \n¿∆-ln-°-Ww.H.-B-_p-hns‚ Poh-N-cnXIrXn-Iƒ Cu \nb-a-ßsf√mw ]men®v Fgp-X-s∏-´-X-√. s]s´-∂p-≠mb Nne kml-N-cy-ß-fpsS ]›m-Ø-e-ØnepwaX-]-c-amb Xm¬]-cy-ß-fpsS ASn-ÿm-\-Ønepw X\n-°-dn-bm-hp∂ Imcy-ßƒ Fgp-XpI F∂XpamX-amWv B_p Poh-N-cnXcN-\-I-fn¬ sNbvXn-cn-°p-∂Xv. X\n°v ]nb-s∏-´-h-cpsS Pohn-X-ß-sf-°p-dn®v kmam-\y-amb]cn-N-b-s∏-Sp-Ø-ep-Iƒ°-∏pdw Poh-N-cn-X-im-J-bpsS \nb-a-ßfpw Iem-fl-I-Xbpw Zo£n®p sIm≠√ B_p-hns‚ CØcw IrXn-Iƒ cq]wsIm≠n-cn-°p-∂-Xv.

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IYsb Fßs\ hni-Zo-I-cn-°Ww F∂Xv Hcp ]iv\w Xs∂-bm-Wv.

Akm-[m-Whpw a\- ns\ DW¿Øp-∂-Xp-amb [mcmfw hN-\-c-Xv\-ßƒ Cu ]pkvX-I-Øn-ep-≠v. Al-¥-sb-°p-dn®v ssiJv ]dbp-∂Xv HcpDZm-l-cWw: ""Al-¶m-c-sa∂ Ahn-ip-≤Xsb \n¿Ωm¿÷\w sNømØIme-tØmfw lrZbw hnip≤-am-bn-Øo-cn-√. Kplm-¥¿`m-KØv hkn-°p-∂-h¿ Ah-cpsS \mbsb Kplm-ap-J-Øn-\-∏pdw Ccp-Øp-∂Xp t]mse ssZh-ln-X-Øns‚ hmXn-en-\-∏pdw Al-¥sb Ccp-ØmØ Ime-tØmfw lrZ-b-Øn\v shfn®w Inń√''. F´p ]hm-N-I-∑m-sc-°p-dn®v F´p KpW-ßƒssiJv ]d-bp-∂Xv Xmsg Ipdn-°p-∂p. (1) Zmcn-Zyw- -ap-l-ΩZv \_n (2)XymKw˛C_mlnw \_n (3) hkvX[mcWw ˛ aqkm-\_n (4) tZim-S\w˛Cukm\_n (5) £a˛ Aøq_v \_n (6) Ic-®n¬˛bq\pkv \_n(7) hW°w ˛ CkvlmIzv \_n (8) ]m¿∞\˛k°-dnbm \_n-. -CXvssiJns‚ IuXp-I-ap-≈-hm°p∂ \nco-£Ww Xs∂-bm-Wv. a\-hn-I-Xsb]hm-N-I-cn-eqsS kv^pSo-I-cn-s®-Sp-°p-∂p-sh-∂-XmWv CXnse ]pXp-a.Kukp¬ AAvfw ImWn® A¤p-X-ßfpw ]pkvX-I-Øn-ep-≠v. Fßs\\√ PohnXw \bn-°m-sa-∂-Xn-s\-°p-dn-®p≈ ssiJns‚ \n¿t±-i-ßfp≈Cu ]pkvX-Iw Ncn-X-c-N\°m[m-c-am-°nb alm-flm-hns‚ Pohn-XsØbpwXØz-ß-sfbpw Ipdn-®v Bg-ta-dnb Adn-hp-Iƒ \¬Ip-∂n-√.

aplvbn-±o≥ A–p¬ JmZn¿ Poem-\n-bpsS Poh-N-cnXkwt£]w\S-Ønb H.-B_p ssiJns‚ "^pXq-lp¬ ssK_n's‚ ]cn-`mj"Bflob ]`m-j-W-ßƒ' F∂ t]cn¬ hnh¿Ø\w sNbvXn- p-≠v. Poem-\n-bpsS Bg-ta-dnb hn⁄m\ Zo]vXn ]Im-in-∏n-°p∂ ]i-kvX-K-Ÿ-amWv "^pXq-lp¬ ssK_v.' -Kp-]vX-am-b-Xns‚ ]Im-i\w F∂mWot]cns‚ A¿∞w. CXn-t\mSv InS-]n-Sn-°p∂ KŸ-ßƒ Cubn-\-Øn¬thsd-bn√ F∂ Ah-Im-i-hm-Z-hp-ap-≠v. pXp-lp¬ ssK_v F∂ KZytam]Zytam ssiJv cNn-®n- n-s√∂v ]d-bp-∂-h-cp-ap-≠v. \Ωp-sS-Xmb Cu Bkp-c-Im-e-Øn¬ a\p-jysc A`n-ap-Jo-I-cn-°p∂ ]iv\-ßƒ°v icn-bmb ]cn-lmcw ImWp-∂-Xn\v D]-I-cn-°p∂ am\-knIho£Ww D≠m-°m≥ CuIrXn klm-bI-am-Ip∂psh∂mWv Nne-cpsS ho£Ww. D∂-X-amb Pohn-X-ho-£Ww ]I-cp∂ ^pXq-lp¬ ssK_v ]m]-©nIkpJw t\Sm≥\S-Øp∂ B¿Øn]q≠ am’-cy-ßƒ Ipd-°m-\p-]-I-cn-°pw. ssZh-Øn-te-°p≈ apJwXncn-∏n-eqsS a\p-jy-cpsS COm-i‡n h¿≤n-∏n-°p-sa∂Xncn-®-dnhv \¬Ip-∂ Cu IrXn, "⁄m\n-Iƒ ]hm-N-I-∑m-cpsS ]n¥p-S¿®-°m-cm-sW'∂ \_n-h-N-\sØ km¿∞-Iam-°p-∂p-sh∂ A`n-]m-b-ap-≈-h-cpap-≠v.

"^pXq-lp¬ ssK_v' a\pjyPohn-XsØ GXp coXn-bn-emWvssZhhgn-bn¬ FØn-t°-≠sX∂-Xn-s\-°p-dn-®p≈ AKm-[-amb hnh-c-ßƒ \¬Ip-∂p. C°mcyw hni-Zo-I-cn-°p-∂-Xn\v ]pkvX-I-Ønse

A-t±lw D≠m-°nb Bflob ]cn-h¿Ø-\sØ°pdnt®m At±lw ]Xn-\n-[m\w sNøp∂ Bflob ]ÿm-\-sØ-°p-dnt®m ]Tn-°msX At±lw]Z¿in-∏n-®-Xmbn ]d-bp∂ A¤pXIrXy-ßƒ ]N-cn-∏n-°-s∏-Sp∂Zu¿`m-Kym-h-ÿ-bmWv \ne-hn-ep-≈-Xv. apkvenw kmaq-lnIcwKØpw⁄m\taJ-e-bnepw Pohn-Xkao-]\-cw-KØpw B alm-flmhv hcpØnb]cn-h¿Ø-\-ßƒ ]Tn-°p-Ibpw hne-bn-cp-Øp-Ibpw sNømØ kml-N-cy-Øn-emWv H.-B-_p-hns‚ "Kukp¬ AAvfw' F∂ PohNcnXkwt£]w ]k-‡-am-Ip-∂-Xv. JmZn apl-ΩZv cNn-®-Xmbn Icp-X-s∏-Sp∂"aplvbn-±o≥ ame'-bn-eq-sS-bmWv tIcfapkvenwIƒ, A–p¬ JmZn¿ Poem-\nsb A-dn-™-Xv. AXn-em-Is´ ssiJns‚ A¤pX IrXy-ß-fmWv IqSp-X-embn Ah-X-cn-∏n-®n- p-≈-Xv. ae-bm-f-Øn\p ]pd-Øp≈ Cw•o-jv, Ad_n`mjIfn¬ Poem-\n-bpsS icm-icn PohnX-Nn-X-ßƒ Fgp-X-s∏-ń-´p-≠v.B Bflob Kpcp-hn-s\-°p-dn®v e£-W-samØ Poh-N-cnXw ae-bm-f-Øn¬ Fgp-Xn- F∂-XmWv B_p-hns‚ Cu Poh-N-cn-X-Øns‚ ]k‡nF∂v Cu IrXn ]kn-≤o-I-cn-®-h¿ Ah-Im-i-s∏-Sp-∂p-≠v. 1963˛¬ cNn®Cu IrXn ssiJns‚ kw£n]vX Poh-N-cnXw amX-am-Wv. 37 h¿jwapºv cNn-°-s∏´ Cu ]pkvX-I-Øns‚ ]km-[\w c≠m-bn-cm-am-≠n-emWv\S-∂-sX∂ A¤p-X-hp-ap-≠v. aplvbn-±o≥ ssiJp-ambn B_p-hn-\p-≠m-bn-cp∂ Bflo-b-amb ASp-∏-Øn¬ \n∂v cNn® Cu IrXn-bpsS cN-\-bv°mbn kzoI-cn® B[nIm-cnI tcJ-Iƒ hy‡-am-°-s∏-ń-´p-an-√. AtXkabw "aplvbn-±o≥ ame'sb \nc-h[n XhW B_p ]cm-a¿in-®n-´p-ap-≠v. `‡n-Im-hy-ßsf Xnc-kvI-cn-®-XmWv kaq-l-Øns‚ [m¿anI NypXn-bpsS Imc-W-sa∂ A`n-]mbw Cu KŸ-Im-c-\p-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. JmZn-cnømXzco-J-Øns‚ h‡m-hm-bn-cp∂p B_p-sh∂pw ]d-b-s∏-Sp-∂p-≠v. hnhn[Xe-s°-´pIfnep≈ sNdp-hn-h-c-Wß-fm-bn-´mWv Cu ]pkvXIw Xøm-dm-°-s∏- n-cn-°p-∂-Xv. tIc-fo-b-cmb apkvenwIƒ ]c-kv]cw ]d™pw tI´pwhmbn® Imcy-ßƒ Xs∂-bmWv Cu Poh-N-cn-X-Øn-ep≈Xv. ssiJns‚t]cnt\mSv tN¿Øp sh°p∂ hnhn[ hnti-jW-ßƒ Fßns\ h∂p-sh∂pw F¥m-W-Xns‚ bp‡n-sb∂pw ]pkvX-I-Øn-ep-≠v. Ckvem-ans‚X\n-a-bm¿∂ mh-ßƒ kaqlPohn-X-Øn¬ \n∂v A]-Xy-£-am-b-t∏mƒCkvem-ans\ ]p\-cp-÷o-hn-∏n-®-bmƒ F∂ A¿∞-ap≈ aplvbn-±o≥ F∂t]cv ssiJn\v e`n-®-Xn-s\-°p-dn®p Xs∂ Hcp A¤pXIY Cu ]pkvX-I-Øn¬ tN¿Øn- p-≠v. ssiJv A_q apl-ΩZv A–p-√m-ln-_n≥ A_p¬^Ømlv ]d-bp∂ Hcp IY CXm-Wv. Rm≥ 40 h¿jw Kukp¬ AAvf-ans‚ IqsS Pohn-®n-´p-≠v. cmXn-bpsS BZybma-ß-fn¬ B `‡≥\nkvIm-c-ß-sf√mw \n¿∆-ln-°pw. a[y-bm-a-Øn¬ ho≠pw ]m¿∞-\m-\n-c-X-\m-hpw. ]`m-XØn¬ At±-l-Øns‚ s\‰n-Ø-S-Øn¬ IÆ-©n-°p∂ Hcp Znhy-]-Imiw t]m÷z-en°p∂Xv Rm≥ I≠n-cp-∂p. Cu

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koXn kmln_v

tIc-f--Ønse apkvenwI-fpsS Pohn-X-Øn¬ henb am‰-ßƒ hcp-Øp-∂-Xn\v Imc-W-°m-c\mb koXn-km-ln-_n-s\-°p-dn-®v eLp-hmb HcpPoh-NcnXw B_p cNn-®n-´p-≠v. AXv ]kn-≤o-I-cn® Xe-t»-cn-bnsekpss_Z ]ªn-jnwKv lukn-t‚-Xmb Ipdn-∏n¬ Cßs\ ImWmw: "koXnkmln-_ns‚ kºq¿Æ PohNcn-Xhpw Pohn-®n-cn-°p-∂-hcpw acn-®p-t]m-b-h-cp-amb F√m apkvenw t\Xm-°-fpsSbpw Poh-N-cn-X-ßƒ Hs∂m-∂mbn]kn≤s∏Sp-Øm≥ Rßƒ Xocp-am-\n-®n-´p-≠v. Cu hnj-b-Øn¬ tIc-f-Øn-\-IØpw ]p-dØpap≈ ae-bmfo apkvenw kaqlw ]tXyI-ambpwa‰p klr-Z-b¿ s]mXp-hnepw Rßsf t]m’m-ln-∏n-°-W-sa∂v Bin-°p-Ibpw AXn-\mbn ]m¿∞n-°p-Ibpw sNøp-∂p.' 1954 G]n-¬ Hº-Xn\mWv CsX-gp-Xnbncn-°p-∂-Xv. Adp-]-Xn-e-[nIw h¿jw Ign-™n´pwA∂-sØ-t∏mse C∂pw kwK-Xn-Iƒ InS-°p-∂p. apkvenw A\m-ÿ-bpsS Zpc-hÿ hy-‡-am-°m≥ CXn-¬ IqSp-X-embn as‰-¥m-Wm-h-iyw?-

koXn-km-ln-_ns‚ Pohn-X-Øn-s‚ sNdp-Nn-an-gmWo IrXn. Ahn-kvacWob-ß-fmb kw`-h-ßsf tImUo-I-cn-°pI amX-amWv Cu]pkvX-I-Øn¬ sNbvXsX∂pw GXm\pw Znhkw sIm≠v Fgp-Xn-Øo¿ØXmsW∂pw KŸ-I¿Ømhv ]d-bp-∂p. B ]cn-anXn ]pkvX-I-Øn¬ ImWm-\p≠v. koXn-km-ln-_ns‚ ]mc-º-cy-sØ-°p-dn®v ]pkvX-I-Øn¬ ]d-bp-∂p-≠v. apkvenw tIc-f-Øn\v A]-cn-Nn-X-ambncp∂ ]cn-jvIm-c-ßƒ hcp-Øp-∂-Xn\pw tIcf apkven-wI-fpsS Pohn-X-Øn\v kr„n-]-c-amb kw`m-h-\-Iƒ \¬Ip-∂Xn\pw Imc-W-amb tIcf apkvenwsFIy-kwLw ÿm]n-°p-∂-Xn¬ apºn¬ \n∂bmfm-bn-cp∂p koXn-km-

hyXykvXIpdn-∏p-Iƒ°v \¬In-bn-cn-°p∂ Xe-s°-´p-Iƒ Xs∂ [mcmfwaXn-bm-Ipw. hnizm-kn-bpsS e£-Ww, BcmWv ]pWym-flm-hv, lrZbw]X-°pw, \obpw BZ-c-Wo-b-\m-Ipw, kº-∂¿ kq£n-°p-I, \o \n -lm-b--\m-Wv, ]cm-i-b-sa∂ in¿°v, ASp-∏-Øns‚ cl-kyw, A√m-lp-hns\ ]gn-°-cp-Xv, kwibw P\n-∏n-°p-∂Xv ]nim-Nns‚ hmZw, A√m-lp-hns\ adn-I-S-°m≥ t\m°-≠. F¥n\v ]cm-Xn, hn\-bm-\zn-X-\m-hp-I, kmh-Imiw \S-°q, kabw hcpw-˛-Im-Øn-cn-°p-I, AXn-cn-\-SpØv t]mtI-≠,tkz—m-\p-h¿Øn-bm-h-cp-Xv, C√m-ØXv Ah-Im-i-s∏-S-cp-Xv, kz¥w Al-¥-bpsS iXp-hm-Ip-I, a\p-jy¿ Adn-™n-cp-∂p-sh-¶n¬, tNmZn-®n-s√-¶nepw In´pw, HuNnXy-Øn-te-°p≈ Nhn´p]Sn-Iƒ, \nb-ahpw kzoIm-chpw, F¥n\v HmSn-sbm-fn-°p-∂p, Bfl-kØtbmSv s]mcp-Xp-I, kr„ncl-kyw, iXp-hn\pw \∑ hc-s´˛ F∂n-ß-s\-bp≈ AºXv A≤ym-b-ß-fn-eqsS AXn-ti-jvT-amb PohnXt_m[w KŸw ]I-cp-∂p. kqcy-k-am-\-amb Bflob tXP- p-sIm≠v 12˛mw \q‰m-≠ns\ ]Im-i-am-\-am-°nb Poem-\n-bpsS 80 Bflob ]`m-j-W-ß-fpsS kam-lm-c-amWv "^pXq-lp¬ ssK_v'. [m¿an-Ihpw aX-]-c-hp-amb A[x-]-X-\-Øn¬ \n∂v Xs‚Ime-L-´sØ aplvbn-±o≥ ssiJv ]cn-h¿Øn-∏n-®-sX-ß-s\, A∂sØBflob]iv\-ß-fpsS kz`mhw F¥m-bn-cp∂p F∂v hmb-\-°msct_m[y-s∏-Sp-Øp∂ ]`m-j-W-ßƒ. hnjbw B≤ym-fln-I-am-sW-¶nepwkm[m-c-W-°m¿°p IqSn kpKm-ly-amIpw hn[w Bhn-jvI-cn-°p∂p F∂-XmWv Cu IrXn-bpsS ta∑. Ckvem-anI Z¿i-\-ßƒ hnkvar-X-am-hp-Ibpwapkven-wIƒ shdpw \ma-[m-cn-I-fm-hp-Ibpw sNbvX lnPvd A©mw \q‰m-≠n-emWv ssiJns‚ ]h¿Ø-\-ßƒ Ac-tß-dn-b-Xv.

Ccp-]-Ø©v h¿jsØ BflobNn¥m-K-Xnbpw ssZhm-cm-[-\-bn¬apgp-Inb Pohn-X-hpw, acp-`q-an-bnepw h\m-¥-c-ß-fnepap≈ GIm¥hmkhpw, bph-Xz-Øns‚ Xnf-®p-a-dn-b-en-t‚-Xmb kµ¿`-ß-fn¬ apgp-h≥ùXnI kpJm-k‡n Dt]-£n-°p-Ibpw At∏m-sgms° hn⁄m\ kºm-Z-\hpw Bflob in£-Whpw t\Sp-Ibpw, ]I-ens‚ Gdn-b-t\-chpw P\-ßƒ°v Adnhp \¬Ip-Ibpw, cmXn-bpsS apJy`m-Khpw Jp¿B≥ ]m-cm-b-W-Øn\pw \nkvIm-c-Øn-\pw -th≠n kabw \o°n shbv°p-IbpwsNbvXv Cßs\ Pohn-XsØ sIń-∏-SpØv hnPbw t\Snb hy‡n-bmWvPoem\n Xßƒ.

aplvbn-±o≥ ssiJns‚ Pohn-X-ZuXyw "BflobùXnIhn\m-i-Øn¬ \n∂p Xs‚ ImesØ c£n-s®-Sp-°pI' F∂-Xm-bn-cp-∂p. CuBflobKpcphns‚ icmicn NnXw B_p-hns‚ Cu c≠v ]pkvX-I-ß-fn¬ \n∂v e`yam-hp-∂p. cN-\-bn¬ kq£vaX ]pe¿Øn-bn-´p≠v.

***** ***** *****

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apkvenw kap-Zm-b-Øn¬ Aßs\ Hcp kº-Zmbw \S-∂n-ń-√.sIm√-h¿jw 1103˛se sXsc-s™-Sp-∏n¬ koXn kmln_v \nb-a-k-

`-bn-te°v CZw]Ya-ambn FXn-cn-√msX sXc-s™-Sp-°-s∏-´p. Cßs\aq∂v XhW sXsc-s™-Sp-°-s∏-Sp-I-bp-≠mbn. sIm®n \nb-a-\n¿ΩmWk`-bn¬ hJ-^v _n¬, I®v taa≥Im¿°p≈ -apkvenw \nba _n¬F∂nh NcnX ]pcp-j-\mWv Ah-X-cn-∏n-®-Xv. Beph tImtfPv ^≠n-te-°p≈ [\-ti-J-c-Wm¿∞-amWv koXn BZyambn Xe-t»-cn-bn¬ hcp-∂-Xv. \meW hne-bp≈ Sn°‰p hn‰mWv ]Ww ]ncn-®-Xv. 1922˛¬ Xe-t»-cn-bn¬ \S∂ kvs]jy¬ Jnem-^Øv tIm¨^-d≥kn¬ kw_-‘n-°m-\mWv At±lw c≠m-aXv Xe-t»-cn-bn¬ h∂-Xv. 1934˛apX¬°mWvAt±lw Xe-t»-cn-bn¬ ÿnc-Xm-a-k-am-°n-b-Xv. Xe-t»-cn-bn¬ ]mŒokvsNbvXp sIm≠n-cn°ptºm-gmWv H.-B_p Cu KŸw Fgp-Xp-∂-Xv. Jnem-^Øv ^≠n-te°pw kac^≠n-te°pw koXn-km-ln-_ns‚ IpSpw_w\¬Inb kw`m-h-\-I-fpsS NcnXw ]cn-tim-[n-°p-tºmƒ Bcpw Aºc∂pt]mIpw. koXn-km-ln-_ns‚ DΩ kw`m-h\ \¬Inb kz¿Æ-tam-XncwkoXn-km-ln-_ns‚ ]nXmhv tee-Øn¬ ]nSn®p. koXn kmln_v kz¥wdnÃv hm®mWv \¬In-b-Xv. AXpw At±-l-Øns‚ ]nXmhv tee-Øn¬]nSn-®p. koXn kmln-_v as‰mcp tamXncw kw`m-h\ \¬In-b-t∏mƒAXpw AtX-bmƒ KWy-amb hne-°v teew ]nSn-s®SpØp. kvac-Wm-Zn\m-tLmjthfbn¬ \¬Inb tamXn-chpw tbmK-Øn¬ sh®v tee-Øn¬Xncn-s®-Sp-Øp. hmin-bn¬ hne-Iq-Sn-s°m-≠n-cp-∂-t∏mgpw koXn kmln-_ns‚ dnÃv hm®v B ]nXmhv tee-Øn¬ ]nSn-s®-Sp-Øp. Cu kµ¿`wck-I-c-am-bn "kw`m-h-\°v a’cw' F∂ Xe-s°-ń¬ hni-Zo-I-cn-®-Xn\ptijw B_p Fgp-Xp-∂p: ""tZiob Bh-iy-ßƒ°p ]Ww sNe-h-gn-°p∂ hnj-b-Øn¬ Cßs\ a’cn® Hcp IpSpw_w A∂v tIc-f-Øn¬thsd-bp-≠m-bn-cp-∂n√.''

]kw-K-I-s\m∏w Fgp-ØpIm-c-\p-am-bn-cp∂ koXn-km-ln-_ns\ KŸ-I¿Ømhv ]cn-N-b-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn- p≠v. [mcm-f-ambn Fgp-Xm≥ At±-l-Øn\pkabw Inń-bn-cp-∂n-√. sIm®n-bn¬ \n∂v h∂n-cp∂ "ae-_m¿ Ckvemw'F∂ ]X-Ønepw "tIcfhymk≥' F∂ amkn-I-bnepw koXn kmln_vFgp-Xn-bn-´p-≠v. tImgn-t°ms´ A¬Aao-\n¬, Be-∏p-g-bnse apkvenwF∂ ]kn-≤o-I-c-WØn¬... Aß-s\-b-ßs\ Ipsd-sbms° Fgp-XnbkoXn kmln_v "auem\m apl-Ω-Zen' F∂ ]pkvX-I-samcp-°n-bXv CuteJ-\-ß-fn¬ Nne-Xv Xnc-s™-Sp-ØmWv tIc-f-Ønse apkvenwI-fpsSNcnXw, kwkvImcw, Pohn-X-Iaw XpS-ßnb hnj-b-ßƒ hnh-cn-®p-sIm≠vae-bm-fn-I-f-√m-Ø-h¿°mbn Cw•o-jn¬ At±lw Fgp-Xn-bn-cp-∂p. FdWm-Ip-f-Øp-\n∂v ]kn-≤o-I-cn-®n-cp∂ "sFIyw' F∂ ]X-Øns‚ FUn-‰-dm-bn-cp∂ koXn kmln_v auem\m apl-Ω-Zen, Pn∂ F∂o c≠p Poh-N-cnXKŸ-ßƒ Fgp-Xn-bn-´p-≠v. Xe-t»cnbn¬ \S∂ kakvXtIcf

ln-_ns‚ ]nXmhv sI.-koXn apl-Ω-Zv. km-aq-lnI]cn-jvI¿Ømhv F∂\ne-bn¬ At±lw [mcm-f-ambn ]h¿Øn-®n-cp-∂p. Pohn-X-Øns‚A¿∞w Pohn-X-]-hrØn-I-fn-eqsS sXfn-bn® koXn apl-ΩZv tIcfapkven-wIƒ°n-S-bnse Ass\-IysØ C√m-bva -sN-øm-\mWv sFIy-kw-L-Øns‚ ÿm]-\-Øn-eqsS D-t±-in-®Xv. "A¬ Aao≥' F∂ ]kn-≤o-I -c -W-Øns‚ Ub-d -Œ¿, CØcw ]X]h¿Ø-\-ßƒs°√mwklmbnbmbn \ne-sIm-≠-bmƒ, sIm®n -tÃ‰v am\p-h¬ A®-Sn°v]n∂nse -[\Zm-Xm-hv, 1099se sh≈-s∏m-°s°Sp-Xn°v Cc-bm-b-h¿°vXp-W-bmbn \n∂-bmƒ, 1921˛se ae-_m¿ -e-l-f°m-eØv ae-_m¿apkvenwIƒ°v tkh\w sNbvX-bmƒ, \n-jvI-f-¶-\mb tZim-`n--am-\n(kz¥w `mcy-bpsS P\mk I^≥ sNøm\mbn JZ¿ hkvXw Xs∂D]-tbm-Kn® BZ¿i-[o-cX) Cßns\-sbms° ]h¿Øn® koXn apl-Ω-Zns‚ aI-\mbn sI.-Fw.-koXn kmln_v P\n-®p. euInIhnZym-`ym-khpw aX-hn-Zym-`ym-khpw apkvenw kap-Zm-b-Øn\v \n¿_‘am-sW∂vhmZ-ap-≠m-bn-cp∂ \mfp-Iƒ Bbn-cp∂p A∂-tØ-Xv. FdWm-Ipfw alm-cm-Pm-knepw Xn-cp-h-\-¥-]p-c-Øp-am-bn-cp∂p koXn-km-ln-_ns‚ hnZym-`ym-kw. UnKn°v ]Tn-°p-tºmƒ Xs∂ cm„obcwK-ß-fn¬ X¬]-c-\m-bn-cp-∂p. ]X-hm¿Ø A-[m¿an-I-ams-W∂ hmZw \ne-\n∂ B \mfp-I-fn¬]Xw hm-bn-®m-e-√msX Dd-ßm≥ Ign-bmØ Bfm-bn-cp∂p koXn. cmXn-Im-e-ß-fn¬ ]Xw hbn®v D∏sb tIƒ∏n-®ncp∂p. Cw•ojv ]X-ßƒhmbn®v ae-bm-f-Øn¬ kz¥w ]nXm-hn\v ]d-™p--sIm-Sp-°m-\m-bXp aqew]n∂oSv At±-l-Øn\v \√ ]kw-K-I-\m-Im\pw Zzn`m-jn-bmIm\pw km[n-®p. Aen ktlm-Z-c-∑m-cn¬ \n∂pw k¿ kønZv AlvaZv Jm\n¬ \n∂pwBthiw Dƒs°m≠v Xncp-hnXmwIqdn¬ ]h¿Øn-®p. sh≈-°m-c-s\-Xn--cm-bp≈ kzmX¥yka-c-Øn¬ At±-l-Øns‚ ]kw-K-ßƒ kap-Zm-b-Ønepw kaq-l-Ønepw henb ]cn-h¿Ø-\-ßƒ°p Imc-W-am-bn. \n -l-I-c-W-]-ÿm-\-Øns‚ `mK-ambn ¢mkv _ln-jvI-cn®v kacw \S-Øm-≥ koXn kmln-_ns\ ]nXmhp kΩ-Xn-®n-√. kap-Zm-b-Øn¬ hnZym-k-º-∂-cp-≠m-hp-∂Xv CXpaqew C√mXm-bn-Øo-cp-sa-∂m-bn-cp∂p At±-l-Øns‚ `bw. ]Tn®p hf¿∂ tijw kacw sNbvXXp aqew alm-flm-Km-‘n-bpsS Bi-b-]q¿Æ-amb Cw•ojv ]-kw-K-ßƒ Km‘n-Pn°p Xs∂Xr]vXnbp≠m-°p∂ Xc-Øn¬ ]cn-`mj \n¿∆-ln®v Km‘n-Pn-bpsS A`n-\-µ\w t\Sphm≥ koXn-km-ln-_n\v Ign™p. 1937˛emWv koXnkmln_v sslt°m-SXn h°o-em-hp-∂-Xv. FdWm-Ip-fØv ]mŒokv Bcw-`n®v Xe-t»cnbn¬ XpS-cp-I-bmWp sNbvXXv. tIcf s]mhn≥jy¬tIm¨K v IΩn-‰n-bn-tebpw AJn-te¥ym tIm¨K v ]h¿ØI IΩn-‰n-bn-tebpw ]ap-Jm-Kw-ß-fn¬ Hcm-fm-bn-cp∂p At±-lw. tIm¨K- ns‚BZ¿i-ß-fmWv `mcy-bp-sSbpw ]nXm-hn-s‚bpw aø-Øp-Iƒ JmZnhkvXØn¬ I^≥ -sN-øm≥ At±-lsØ t]cn-∏n-®-Xv. AXn\p apºv

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it≤-bamw hn[w hnZym-`ym-k-cwØv ]h¿Øn®v apkvenw bmYm-ÿn-Xn-IXsb At±lw ]cm-P-b-s∏-Sp-Øn. hnZym-`ymkhnj-b-Øn¬tIcf apkvenwI-fn¬ ImWp∂ D’m-l-Øn\p ]n∂n¬ koXn kmln-_p-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. Bephm tImtf-Pv, ae-∏pdw Kh.-kvIqƒ, sh´Øv ]pXn-b-ßmSn tKƒkv sslkvIqƒ,- ^mdqJv tImtf-Pv, Xe-t»cn ap_m-dIvsslkvIqƒ Xp-S-ßnb ÿm]-\-ß-fpsS hf¿®-bpsS ]n∂n¬ koXnkmln-_ns‚ i‡-amb ]n≥_-e-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. hnZym-`ymk kw_-‘-ambn apkvenwIƒ°v [mcm-f-ambn B\p-Iq-ey-ßƒ e`n-°m≥ ]h¿Øn®koXn kmln_v apkvenwkvIqfnse ]mTy]≤-Xn-bn¬ \n∂v aX-]-T\w\o°w sNbvXp If™t∏mgpw hnZym-`ymk]c-ambn apkvenwIƒ°v\¬In-h∂ t]m¬km-l-\m-\p-Iq-ey-ßƒ ]n≥h-en-°-s∏- -t∏mgpw B \S-]-Sn-Iƒs°-Xnsc i‡-ambn \ne-sIm-≠p. apkvenw hnZym¿∞n-Iƒ°vkvtImf¿jn∏p \¬Ip-∂-Xn-\mbn G¿s∏-Sp-Ø-s∏´ lp ≥ Imknw ZmZmSÃns‚ ÿm]-I-cn¬ Hcm-fm-bn-cp∂p koXn kmln-_v. tIm¨K- n-eq-sS-bm-bn-cp∂p At±-l-Øns‚ cm„ob ]th-i-sa-¶nepw apkvenweoKns‚Bh-iy-IX a\- n-em-°n-b-t∏mƒ B ]ÿm-\-Øn\p th≠n PohnXwka¿∏n-®p. At±-l-Øns‚ kz`m-h-Kp-W-ß-sf-∏‰n Cu ]pkvX-I-Øn¬B_phpw hni-Z-ambn ]d-bp-∂p-≠v. F∂pw aX-\n-jvT-\m-bn-cp∂ At±lwZpcm-Nm-c-ßƒs°-Xnsc apkvenwIƒ°n-S-bn¬ \n∂p-sIm-≠p-Xs∂]h¿Øn-®n-´p-≠v. Nmh-Sn-b-¥n-c-sØ ]mc-º-cy-am-bn-Øs∂ FXn¿ØIpSpw-_-am-bn-cp∂p At±-l-Øn-s‚-Xv. apkvenweoKns‚ apJ]X-ambn"Nµn-Isb' hf¿Øn-sb-SpØ At±lw B t]cn-¬-Xs∂ Hcp hmcnIXpS-ßp-∂-Xnepw AXn-\mbn "apkvenw ]n‚nwKv B‚ v ]ªn-jnwKv Iº\n'ÿm]n-°p-∂-Xnepw apJy]¶phln-®p. \mim-fl-Ihpw B]¬°-c-hp-ambNp‰p-]m-Sp-I-fn¬ \n∂v kap-Zm-bsØ c£n®v apkvenw kap-Zm-b-Øns‚Ign-hp-Iƒ amXr-cm-Py-Øns‚ `Z-Xbv°pw ]ptcm-K-Xnbv°pw D]-tbm-K-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-Xn\v At±lw Pohn-X-Imew apgp-h≥ ]b-Xv\n-®p. AXp-sIm-≠mWv""]X-dmØ ]mZ-ß-tfmSpw NnX-dmØ NnØ-tØm-Spw- IqSn am∏n-fkap-Zm-bsØ \bn-°p∂ B t\Xm-hn-s‚ -\maw am∏n-f-am¿°v Bthiw \¬Ip-∂-sX∂v ]pkvX-I-Øns‚ sNdp Ah-Xm-cn-I-bn¬ kn.-F®v Fgp-Xn-b-Xv.Ah-cpsS kmap-Zm-bn-Ihpw cmjvSob]chpw kmº-Øn-Ihpw kmaq-ln-I-hp-amb Ncn-X-Øns‚ H -[nIw A[ym-b-ßƒ B c≠-£cw Dƒs°m-≈p-∂-Xmbn kn.-F®v apl-ΩZv tImb ASn-h-c-bn v ]d-™n- p-≠v.

koXn-km-ln-_n-s\-°p-dn®p≈ B_p-hns‚ Cu sNdp]pkvX-I-Øns‚ Zu¿_-ey-ß-fn-sem∂v Ncn-X-c-N-\°v A\p-tbm-Py-a-√mØBthiw B_p Nnte-S-ß-fn¬ ]I-Sn-∏n-°p-∂psh-∂-Xm-Wv.

***** ***** *****

kmlnXy]cn-jØv ktΩ-f-\-Øn¬ A[y-£-\m-bn-cp-∂p.

1930˛emWv koXn kmln_v apkvenw eoKn¬ ]h¿Øn®p XpS-ßn-b-Xv. kap-Zmb kap-≤m-c-W-Øn¬ ]¶p hln-°m≥ CXp aqew At±-l-Øn\p km[n®p. Xe-t»-cn-bn¬ Xmakw XpS-ßn-b-tXm-sS-bmWv kn.-]n.-a-Ωp-t°-bn, F.-sI.-Ip™nam-b≥ lmPn, sI.-D-∏n- km-ln-_v, kØm¿ tk´p-km-ln_v F∂n-h-tcm-sSm∏w ]h¿Øn-°p-hm≥ Ah-kcw Inń-b-Xv. koXnkmln-_ns‚ hm‹nX -kw-L-S-\bv°v A¤p-X-I-c-amb thKX Iqń.eoKpImc-\mb koXn-km-ln-_ns‚ ]h¿Ø\w ae-_m-dn\v Gsd sa®-ap-≠m-°n. 1934˛se sePnt…‰ohv Akwªn sXc-s™-Sp-∏v, ]›n-a-Xocafi-e-Øn¬ tIm¨K vYm\m¿∞nbpw apkvenweoKvÿm\m¿∞nbpw a’-cn® BZysXsc-s™-Sp -∏mbncp∂p. eoKvÿm\m¿∞nbmb CkvlmJv tk´p-hmWv Pbn-®-Xv. A°m-e-ØmWvkoXn kmln_v Hcp ]ÿm-\-ambn hf¿∂-Xv. CXp XI¿°m≥tIm¨Kkv, apkvenwaPvenkv Fs∂mcp kwL-S-\ kr„n-®v a’-cn-∏n-®p-sh-¶nepw Dt±-in® ew Inń-bn-√. apkvenweoKv F∂ cm„ob ]ÿm-\-Øns‚ hf¿®°v XS-bn-Sm≥ A∂m¿°pw Ign-™n-√. A°m-eØp\S∂ kp]kn≤ t\Xm-°-fpsS ae-_m¿ kµ¿i\w hnP-b-I-c-am-°nØo¿ØXv koXn-km-ln-_ns‚ ]h¿Ø-\--am-bn-cp-∂p. At±l-Øns‚]kwK`mjm-¥cw Btcbpw hnkva-bn-∏n-°p∂ Xc-Øn-ep-≈-Xm-bn-cp-∂p.koXn kmln-_ns‚ ]kw-K-Øns‚ ]tXy-I-XIƒ BI¿j-I-amb`mjmKpWw, lrZbkv]¿in-bmb i_vZkpJw apX-em-b-h-bm-bn-cp-∂p.ae-_m¿ apkvenweoKns‚ skI´-dn-bmbpw kwÿm\ apkvenweoKvIu¨kn-e -dmbpw ]h¿Øn-°p -I -bp -≠m -bn . hn` -P -\m -\ -¥capkvenweoKns\ \ne-\n¿Øm≥ koXn-km-ln_v ]d™ Imc-W-ßƒCh-bm-Wv. aX-hn-cp-≤hpw hntZm-l-]-c-hp-amb hnπ-hm-i-b-ß-fn¬ hniz-kn-°p∂ cm„ob I£n-I-fpsS sIWn-bn¬ s]´v apkvenwI-fpsSBflobhy‡nXzw \in-®p-t]m-Im-Xn-cn-°m≥, Bh-iy-ambn hcp-tºmƒ\mń\pw kap-Zm-b-Øn\pw KpW-]-c-amb hn[-Øn¬ apkven-wI-fpsS kwL-SnX i‡nsb D]-tbm-K-s∏-Sp-Øm≥ Hcp aX-kw-L-S-\-bpsS Iogn¬apkvenwIƒ AWn-\n-c-°-W-sa∂ hmZ-°m-c-\m-bn-cp∂p At±-lw. AXn\p]‰nb kwL-S\ apkvenweoKm-sW∂v At±lw hmZn-®p. 1946˛epw 1951˛epw\S∂ sXc-s™-Sp-∏p-I-fn¬ ae-∏pdw afi-e-Øn¬ \n∂v At±lw Pbn-®p. aZn-cmin \nb-a-k-`-bnse A©v apkvenw eoKv AwK-ß-fn¬ Hcm-fm-bn-cp∂p koXn kmln-_v. \nb-a-k- mw-K-sa∂ \ne-bn-ep≈ At±-l-Øns‚]h¿Ø\w iXp-°ƒ t]mepw Aw-Ko-I-cn-®-XmWv. I£nhyXymkwIqSm-sX- s]mXp]iv\-ß-fn¬ At±lw kl-I-cn-®p. aZn-cmin \nb-a-k--bnepw At±lw apkvenw Xm¬]-cy-ßsf i‡-ambn \ne-\n¿Øn. ico-

AØv _n√v,hJ v _n√v XpS-ßnb apkven-wIsf amXw _m[n-°p∂ Nne]tXyI _n√p-Iƒ Kh¿sa‚n-s\-s°m≠v At±lw AwKo-I-cn-∏n-®p.

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ASpØ Ipń-bpsS t…‰n¬ t\m°n ]I¿Øp sIm≈m≥ B hnZy¿∞n°v]e XhW IÆp sIm≠v kqN\ \¬In. F∂m¬ taml≥Zmkv A[ym-]-Is\ A\p-k-cn-®n-√. Is´-gp-Xp∂ Ipń F∂ hnti-j-W-tØ-°mƒA]m-]vX-\mb Ipń-bmbn \ne-sIm-≈m-\mWv taml≥Zmkv Xocp-am-\n-®-Xv. t£X-K-WnXw Ah\v a\- n-em-°m≥ henb _p≤n-ap-´m-bn-cp-∂p.]pkvXI hmb-\-bnepw X¬]-c-\m-bn-cp-∂n-√. lcn-›µ\mSIw taml-≥Zmkn¬ henb kzm[o-\-ap-≠m-°n. lcn-›-µ-s‚ kXy-k-‘X kzPo-hn-X-Øn-te°v ]I¿Øn-sb-Sp-∏m≥ B _me≥ lrZb]q¿∆w BK-ln-®p. taml≥Zmkv Ifn-bnepw X¬]-c-\√m-bn-cp-∂p. hnhmlw \S-Øp∂Imcy-Ønepw A≤ym-]-I-cm¬ ]cn-l-kn-°-s∏-Sp-I-bp-≠m-bn. ]Tn-°p∂ImeØpw A√mØ ka-bØpw Iq´p-Imsc sXsc-s™-Sp-°p-∂-Xn¬t]mepw taml≥Zm-kn\v kz¥-amb ImgvN-∏m-Sp-I-fp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p.taml≥Zmkv kplr-Øns‚ t]c-W-bm¬ amwk`£Ww Ign®Imcyhpw B_p hni-Z-am-°n-bn-´p-≠v. IpSpw-_-I-e-l-ap-≠m-bXpw ]pI-h-en-®Xpw hnh-cn-°p-∂p-≠v. Bfl-lXysNøp-∂-Xn-s\-°p-dn®v Nn¥n-®Xpw]pkvX-I-Øn-ep-≠v.

]Tn-°p∂ ImeØv k¿Zm¿ h√-`mbn ]t´¬ hnIr-Xn-bm-bn-cp-∂p.AtX-k-abw hgn-bn¬ InS-°p∂ \S-∂p-t]m-Ip-∂-h¿°v _p≤n-ap-´p-≠m-°p∂ hkvXp-°sf Zqsc hen-s®-dn-bp-∂Xv ]t´-ens‚ kz`m-h-ambn-cp-∂p. amXm-]n-Xm-°-fn¬ \n∂mWv _me-\mb ]tén\v kmaqlnI tkh\XmXv]cyw e`y-am-b-Xv. Ipń-°m-eØv Bscbpw D]-Z-hn-®n-√,- ]-cn-l-kn-®n-√. NoØ Iq´p-sI-ń¬ s]ń-√. ]Tn-∏nepw Ifn-bnepw X¬]-c-\m-bn-cp-∂p. A≤ym-]-Is‚ A[-a-amb \n¿t±-i-ßƒ AwKo-I-cn-®Xpan-√. kz¥-ambn sNøm-hp∂ ]hrØn-Iƒ sNøm≥ as‰m-cmsf ImØp-\n-∂n-√.Xs‚ ico-c-L-S-\bv°pw ]n¬°m-e-Øp-≠mb PohnX hnIm-k-Øn\pwImcWw Ipń-°m-e-Øp-≠mb A\p-`-hßfmsW∂pw ]t´¬ Fgp-Xn-bn-´p-≠v.

SmtKm-dns‚ A©m-asØ tPyjvT-\mb tPymXnµ-\m-Y-Sm-tKm-dm-WvsIm®-\p-Ps\ hf¿Øn-s°m≠p-h-cm≥ Ah-k-tcm-NnXw ]cn-i-an-®-Xv.tPymXoµ _m_p-hns‚ kvt\lakrWamb -t]m-’m-l-\-ßƒ e`n-®n-cp-∂n-s√-¶n¬ F∂nse Ihn-Xm-hm-k\ hgn-apń \in®p t]mIp-am-bn-cp-∂p-sh∂pw Fs‚ `mhn tPymXn- -‰-XmbnØocp-am-bn-cp-∂p-sh∂pw alm-Ihn]d-™n- p-≠v. ISpØ \nb-¥-W-ßƒ A\p- -hn-®mWv SmtKm¿ hf¿∂Xv.\√ `£-Wtam \√ DSp-∏p-Itfm Rßƒ°v e`n-®n-cp-∂n-√. Ioi-bp≈Ip∏mbw [cn-°m≥ Rm≥ ]e-t∏mgpw BK-ln-®n- p-≠v. ]s£ Fs‚Bi A°m-eØv Hcn-°epw ê-]-Z-am-bnń√. SmtKm¿ ]d-bp-∂p.

kz¿§ob kpJ-ß-tfm-Sp IqSn-bXmbm-bn-cp∂p Ph-l¿emens‚ _mey-Im-ew. C¥y≥ [mXn-am¿°v ]pdta bqtdm-]y≥ Bb-amcpw inip-hns‚

alm-∑m-cpsS Ipń-°mew

"alm-∑m-cpsS Ipń-°mew' Fs∂mcp ]pkvXIw B_p Fgp-Xn-bn-´p-≠v. sNdnb Ipń-Iƒ°pw hen-bh¿°pw ]tbm-P\w sNøp∂ ]pkvX-I-am-Wn-Xv. Km‘n-Pn,- ]-t´¬, -Sm-tKm¿, -s\-lvdp ˛ Ch-cpsS Ipń-°m-e-amWv ]pkvX-I-Øn¬ sXfn-bp-∂-Xv. Ipń-°m-eØv, kvIqfn¬ ]Tn-°p∂ka-bØv A[ym-]-I-\n¬ \n∂p Inńb k¿ń- n-°‰v CXm-bn-cp-∂p. ""Fs‚kpZo¿L-amb Pohn-X-Im-e-Øn-\n-Sbv°v CX-tØmfw _p≤n-iq-\y-\mbHcp _mes\ Rm≥ Hcn-°epw I≠n-ń-√.'' Km‘n-Pnsb Ipdn-®p≈ Cu\nco-£Ww \ap°v hniz-kn-°m-\m-hp-∂n-s√-¶nepw CXv Hcp kXy-amWvF∂v B_p ]d-bp -∂p. Bdmw hb- n¬ t]m¿_-¥-dnse HcpKmaoWhnZy-e-b-Øn¬ sh®v Inńb k¿ń-^n-°-‰m-Wn-Xv. A∂vtaml≥Zmkv e÷m-ephpw -a-µ-_p-≤n-bp-am-bn-cp-∂p. as‰mcp A≤ym-]-I≥Cßs\ Biz-kn-∏n-®Xpw ]pkvX-I-Øn-ep-≠v: "a‰p Ipń-I-fn¬ \n∂vhyXy-kvX-\mWv \osb∂pw Ah-cp-ambn Xmc-X-ay-s∏-Sp-Ø-tºmƒ ]e]tXy -I -X -Ifpw \n\-°p -s≠∂pw kptim -` -\ -amb `mhn -bpsShnimeIhmSw \n\°p th≠n- Xp-d∂p InS-°p-∂p-'sh∂pw B A≤ym-]-I≥ ]d-bp-I-bp-≠m-bn. A[ym-]-Is‚ kvt\l-`-cn-Xhpw kzX-¥hp-amb s]cp-am-‰hpw \b-k-º-Zm-b-ßfpw taml≥Zm-kns‚ lrZ-bsØIpfn¿∏n-®p. taml≥Zmkv sslkvIqƒ hnZym¿∞n-bm-bn-cp∂ ImeØvkvIqƒ C≥kvs]-Œ¿ sKbn¬kv sslkvIqƒ ]cn-tim-[-\bv°v h∂p.taml≥Zm-kns‚ ¢mkn¬ tIs´-gpØp ]co-£-bmWv \S-∂-Xv. F√mIpń-Ifpw C≥kvs]-Œ¿ ]d™ hm°p-Iƒ IrXy-ambn Fgp-Xn-sb-¶nepwtaml≥Zm-kn\v Ign-™n-√. kwKXn a\- n-em-°nb A≤ym-]-I≥

61


60

Dss_Zpw B_phpw

am∏n-f-∏m´p ]ÿm-\-Ønse Ihn-Xbw F∂v hnti-jn-∏n-°m-hp-∂-h-cmWv Dss_Zpw H.-B-_p-hpw ]p∂-bq¿°pfw _m∏p-hpw. Cu aq∂v]Xn-`m-im-en-I-sf-°p-dn®v Ct∏mgpw ImcyamX]k-‡-amb ]T-\-ßƒ\S-∂n-ń-√. Dss_Zpw B_p-amjpw XΩn-ep≠m-bn-cp∂ kulr-Z-Øns‚H∂m-¥-c-samcp sXfn-hmWv ssZh-Øns‚ a\p-jy≥ F∂ B_p-hns‚IrXn°v Dss_Zv Fgp-Xnb Ah-Xm-cn-I. Cu Ah-Xm-cn-I-bn¬ Dss_Zvam∏n-f-∏m-´p-I-fpsS ]q¿∆-Imealn-a-tbbpw ]n¬°m-e-Øp-≠mb A]-N-b-sØbpw hni-Z-am-°p-∂p-≠v. am∏n-f-∏m-´p-Iƒ ssIc-fn-bpsS X\Xv kº-Øm-sW-¶nepw ASp-Ø-Imew hsc AXv s]mXp i≤-bn¬ s]ń-cp-∂n-√. ]n∂oSv AXn\v am‰w h∂p. Fgp-Øp-Im-cp-sSbpw \ncq-]-I-cp-sSbpwam[y-a-ß-fp-sSbpw ]iw-kbv°v ]mXo-`q-X-ambn Xo¿∂p. am∏n-f-∏m-´p-Iƒ cNn-°pIbpw \∂mbn Bkz-Zn-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂ Hcp ]pXnb Xe-apd h∂p. CXp ssIc-fn-bpsS hrØ-k-ºØv h¿≤n-∏n-®p. ]s£ Nneam∏n-f-∏m´p cN-bn-Xm-°-fn-eqsS Nne ]m´p-Iƒ°v D±n„ hrØ-ß-fn¬\n∂v hyXn-N-en-t°-≠n-h∂ Zpc-¥-ß-fp-ap-≠m-bn. Cu ]›m-Ø-e-Øn¬\n∂p sIm≠mWv B_p-hns‚ "ssZh-Øns‚ a\p-jy≥' F∂ IrXnsbDss_Zv ImWp-∂-Xv. D¬]-Xn-jvWphmb Ihn, hnip-Xns]‰ -Xq-en-Im-Im-c≥ F∂o \ne-I-fn¬ `mjmkmlnXytemIØv kp]-XnjvT e`n®Bfm-bn-´mWv Dss_Zv B_p-hns\ ImWp-∂-Xv. B_p-hns\ A\p-hm-N-I¿°v ]cn-N-b-s∏-Sp-Øn-s°m-Sp-t°-≠-Xn-√. ImcWw hmb-\-°m¿°v AX-

]cn-N-c-W-Øn-\mbn D≠m-bn-cp-∂p. \neØp sh®m¬ Ddp-º-cn-°pw Xe-bn¬ sh®m¬ t]\-cn-°pw F∂ ań-em-bn-cp-∂p B Ip™ns\ hf¿Øn-s°m≠p h∂-Xv. Cu Ipń-bmWv ]n∂oSv C¥y-bnse Ipń-I-fpsS Nm®mBb-Xv.

Hmtcm hy‡nbpw GsX√mw kml-N-cy-ß-fn-eq-sS-bmWv hf¿∂p-h-cp-∂-sX∂pw Fßn-s\-bmWv Ah¿ hen-b-h-cm-bn-Øo¿∂-sX∂pw ]Tn-°m≥ CØcw NcnXcN-\-Iƒ \sΩ klm-bn°p-∂p. ]Tn®p hf-cp∂Ipń-Iƒ°v Cu ]pkvXIw Xß-fpsS Pohn-XsØ cq]-s∏-Sp-Øm≥ Hcp]cn-[n-hsc klm-b-I-am-Ipw. henb a\p-jy-cnse "sNdpa'Xncn-®-dn-bm\pwAXp hgn Pohn-X-Øns‚ sshhn-[y-ßƒ a\- n-em-°m\pw klm-bn-°p-∂ IrXn-bmWv B_p-hns‚ "alm-∑m-cpsS Ipń-°m-ew.'

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62

\mWv Dss_-Zv. ]pØ≥ Xe-apd am∏n-f-∏m-´p-I-sf-°p-dn®v tI´Xp Xs∂At±-l-Øn¬ \n∂m-Wv. am∏n-f-∏m-´p-I-sf-°p-dn®v A`n-]mbw ]dbm≥F√mw sIm≠pw A¿l-Xbp≈ Hcp hy‡n-bmWv Dss_Zv amjv.''

PmXn aX t`Z-at\y am∏n-f-∏m- ns‚ am[pcyw Bkz-Zn-°p∂ Hcp klr-ZbtemIw \ap -°p -≠m -hp -∂-Xn\v ]n∂n¬ ]h¿Øn® c≠pkmlnXy\mb-I-∑m¿ Dss_Zpw B_p-hp-am-sW∂v kn.-F®v.ap-l-ΩZvtImb Fgp-Xo- p-≠v. Dss_Zv amjp-am-bn- p-≠m-bn-cp-∂-Xp-t]mse cm„obASp-∏hpw kvt\l-_-‘-ßfpw B_p-hp-am-bn´v X\n°v D≠m-bn-cp-∂n√F∂pw F¶nepw At±-l-Øns‚ Fgp-Øp-I-fn-eqsS Icp-Øp‰ Xqen-Im-Im-cs\ Xm≥ ]cn-N-b-s∏-ń-´p-s≠∂pw kn.-F®v Fgp-Xn-bn-´p-≠v. CJv_m-ens‚ Nn¥-Iƒ ae-bm-f-Øn¬ ]N-cn-∏n-°p-∂-Xn\v kp]-[m\ ]¶phln®, At\Iw Ckvem-anIKŸ-ßƒ ae-bm-f-Ønte°p X¿÷asNbvX, Ad_nae-bmfkmlnXyNcnXw F∂ D¬Ir„KŸw ssIc-fn°v kw`m-h\ sNbvX, \m¬]-tXmfw IrXn-Iƒ Fgp-Xnb B_p, Hcm-bp -jvImew apgp -h≥ Fgp-Xm≥ th≠n \o°n-sh® B_p HcpkmlnXyX]ky Xs∂-bmWv \n¿∆-ln-®-sX∂v kn.-F®v Is≠-Øn-bn-´p-≠v.

Ad_nae-bmfkmlnXyimJ-bpsS hf¿®bv°v PohnXw ka¿∏n®Dss_-Zn\pw B_p-hn-\pw klr-ZbtemIw s]m∂mS Nm¿Øn BZ-cn-®n-´p-≠v. KZyhpw ]Zy-hp-am-bn-cp∂p c≠p-t]-cp-sSbpw Bhn-jvImc am[y-a-ßƒ. ho£-W-ß-fn¬ hyXy-kvX-X-Iƒ D≠m-bn-cp-∂p-sh-¶nepw Ccp-h-cp-sSbpw e£yw H∂m-bn-cp-∂p. c≠p-t]cpw Kth-j-I-cm-bn-cp-∂p. am∏n-f-km-lnXyw, am∏n-f-∏m´v hrØßƒ F∂nh Dss_Zv amjns‚ Kth-jWhnj-b-ß-fm-bn-cp-∂p. B_p-hns‚ Ad_nae-bmfkmlnXyNcnXwauen-IX Ah-Im-i-s∏-Sm-hp∂ Hcp IrXn Xs∂. AØ-c-samcp ]T\wAXn\v aptºm ]ntºm Bcpw Fgp-Xn-bn-ń-√. c≠p-t]cpw ]X-]-h¿Ø-I¿ IqSn-bm-bn-cp-∂p. hnh¿Ø\w c≠p-t]-cp-sSbpw X]-kym-k-am-\-amb]hrØn -X-s∂-bm-bn-cp-∂p. inh-cm-aImc-¥ns‚ ""-a-d-fn-a-ÆnsK'' (a-Æn-te°v aS-ßn), Ipam-c-\m-ims‚ hoW-]q-hv(]Xn-X]pjv]) XpS-ßnb]kn≤IrXn-Iƒ Dss_Zv hnh¿Ø\w sNbvXp. B_p amjns‚hnh¿Ø\taJe Ckvem-anIkmln-Xy-am-bn-cp-∂p. Ch-sb-°p-dn®v Hcp]tXyI ]T\w Xs∂ Cu ]pkvX-I-Øn-ep-≠v. tUm.-ap-l-ΩZv CJv_m¬c≠p-t]-cp-sSbpw ]nb-s∏´ Ihn-bm-bn-cp-∂p. CJv_m-ens‚ ]ikvXIrXn-bmb Bh-em-Xnbpw adp-]-Snbpw Dss_Zv amjv hnh¿Ø\w sNbvXp.Jnkvsd dmlv, -ssZ-h-Øns‚ a\p-jy≥ XpS-ßn-bh B_p-hns‚ CucwKsØ hnh¿Ø-\-ß-fm-Wv. c≠p-t]-cpw Ihn-Ifpw am∏n-f-∏m´v cN-bn-Xm-°fp-am-bn-cp-∂p. Dss_-Zns‚ Xnc-s™-SpØ Ihn-X-Iƒ F≥.-_n.-Fkv]t≠ ]kn-≤o-I-cn-®n-´p-≠v. B_p amjpw Ihn-Xz-ap≈ ]m´p-Iƒ Fgp-

I≠v kp]-cn-Nn-X-\mWv At±-lw. B_p-hns‚ Ihn-Xm-k-am-lm-c-Øn\vAh-Xm-cnI Fgp-Xm-\p≈ tbmKyX X\n-°n√ F∂pw Dss_Zv hn\o-X-\m-hp-∂p.

am∏n-f-∏m´p ]ÿm-\hpw B_pkmln-_p-am-bp≈ _‘-Øns‚]g°w FSpØp ]d™p sIm≠v B Km\-ß-fpsS A\p-]-a-amb am[p-cn-bn¬ BIr-„\pw Bhn-„-\p-am-bn B_p Fgp-Xnb ]m´p-Isf Dss_Zv]iw-kn-°p-∂p. am∏n-f-∏m´p kmln-Xy-Ønse I¿Æm-\µ-I-c-amb coXn-Isf A\p-I-cn-°pI amX-a√ AXnse ]tXyI ssien-I-sfbpwXXv`h]Z-ß-sfbpw a‰pw AtX]Sn ]m´p-I-fn¬ D]-tbm-Kn-°pI IqSnsNtø≠XmsW-∂p≈ A`n-]m-b-°m-c-\mWv B_p-sh∂pw AX-\p-k-cn®v Cu kam-lm-c-Ønse Km\-ß-fn¬ ae-bm-fn-I-fn¬ Hcp hn`mKwFt∏mgpw D]-tbm-Kn®p hcp∂ Ad-_n-hm-°p-Ifpw Kmay]Z-ßfpw\qX\]tbmKkº-Zm-b-ßfpw ImWm-sa∂pw CXns\ FXn¿°p-∂hcp-≠m-bmepw mjm-`n-hr-≤n°v D]-I-cn-°p∂ AØcw ]Z-ß-sfbpw ssien-I-sfbpw kmln-Xy-Øn-te°v kzmKXw sNtø-≠n-bn-cn-°p-∂p-sh-∂p-amWvA`n-]m-b-sa∂pw Dss_Zv kΩ-Xn-°p-∂p. B_p-hns‚ Cu [oc-XsbDss_Zv lrZ-b-]q¿∆w A`n-\-µn-°p-∂p. F∂m¬ GXp ]ptcm-K-a-\-Øn\pwImtem-Nn-X-amb ]cn-[nbpw bp‡n kl-amb hyh-ÿbpw th≠n-bn-cn-°p-∂Xn\m¬ Ad_n ]Z-ßsfbpw Xangv ]tbm-K-ßsfbpw `mj-bn-te°v ]I¿Øp-∂-Xn¬ kmt¶-Xn-I-amb Bh-iy-I-Xbv°v G‰-hp-a-[nIw]cn-K-W\ \¬tI-≠-Xm-sW-∂p-ap≈ Xs‚ A`n-]m-bsØ Dss_ZvBh¿Øn-°p-∂p. CJv_m¬ kmln-Xy-Øn¬ \√ ]cn-Nbw kn≤n-®n-´p≈ B_p kmln-_ns‚ Bi-b-ßƒ ]eXpw kap-Zm-b-Øns‚ ac-hn® lrZ-b-Øn¬ ssNX\yw \¬Im≥ ]cym-]vX-amWv. CXn-\p≈ DZm-l-c-W-ambn Dss_Zv D≤-cn-°p-∂-Xv:

""J√m-hn≥ ]S-∏mIpw

a\pjym \o DW¿∂nt√

s]m√m∏pw ]pX®p \o

acn®p t]mtbm?''

F∂ hcn-I-fmWv Cu IrXn-bnse an° Km\-ßfpw hrØ \nb-a-ßƒ°-\p-k-cn-®m-b-Xn-\m¬ am∏n-f-∏m-´p-Iƒ cNn-°m≥ BK-ln-°p∂bphIhn-Iƒ°v hgn-Im-ń-bmbn Xocp-sa∂pw Dss_Zv Fgp-Xp-∂p. B_pamjn\v Dss_Zv amtjmSv D≠m-bn-cp∂ lrZ-b-_-‘sØ hy‡-am-°p∂Hcp `mKw Xmsg D≤-cn-°p-∂p. ""am∏n-f-∏m-´p-I-fn-te°v hna¿i-I-cp-sSbpwkmln-Xy-Im-c-∑m-cp-sSbpw Ihn-I-fp-sSbpw a‰p Iem-Im-c-∑m-c-S-°-ap≈tIc-fob _lp-P-\-Øn-s‚bpw i≤sb BI¿jn-°p-hm≥ Bflm¿∞-ambn ]cn-i-an-°p-∂ tIc-f-Ønse Xe-sb-Sp-∏p≈ Hcp kmlnXyImc-

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64

B_psshNn-Xy-ß-fpsS Bƒcq]w

Adp-]-Øn-\mev h¿jw \o≠ Bbp-jvIm-e-Øn¬ \m¬]-Ø©ph¿jhpw Fgp-Øn¬Øs∂ apgp-Inb hntijw H.-B-_p-hns‚ Pohn-X-Øn-\p-≠v. ae-bm-fw,- ln-µn,- Cw-•o-jv, D¿Zp, Ad-_n,- kw-kvIrXw F∂o`mj-Iƒ Adn-bmw. A[ym-]-I≥, Kpa-kvX≥, -I-®-h-S-°m-c≥,- ]-´m-f-Øn¬Zzn`m-jn,- K-th-j-I≥, -am-∏n-f-∏m´p cN-bn-Xm-hv, Poh-N-cn-X-Im-c≥, -io-\m-cm-bWKpcp-t]-an,- C-kvem-anIXØz-Nn-¥-I≥,- hn-h¿Ø-I≥,- ]-X-]-h¿Ø-I≥,- kq-^o-a-\-ÿn-Xn-°m-c≥,- I-Ym-Ir-Øv,- \m-S-I-c-N-bnXmhv, -I-hn,- C-Jv_m¬ ]Tn-Xm-hv, `mj-bnepw `mjm-im-kvX-Ønepw ]fin-X≥,-tem-lym-tkm-jy-en-Ãv, "^nJvlv' ]fin-X≥, A‘-hn-izm-k-ßƒ°pwA\m-Nm-c-ßƒ°pw kvXo[\kº-Zm-b-Øn-\p-sa-Xnsc \nc-¥-c-ambnt]mcm-Snb hnπ-h-Im-cn, kzmX¥yka-c-tk-\m-\n, am∏nfIem]fin-X≥˛Cßs\ Pohn-X-Øns‚ \m\mXpd-I-fn¬ ]h¿Øn®p. aq¿t°mØvIpam-cs‚ kmlnXykZ- nse ]apJmwKw, NcnX-Im-c-\mb ]n.-F.-skbvZp apl-Ω-Zns‚ ]nb-s∏´ kplrØv, c≠p Nmb hmßn-°m≥ Ign-hn-√m-ØXp sIm≠v H∂p hmßn D‰-tXm-g-\mb IcpWm-I-c≥ amjp-ambn]¶n´ kulr-Z-Øns‚ DS-a, Nmb ]m\o-b-am-bn-´√ `£-W-ambn Ign®a\p-jy≥˛Cß-s\bpw B_p-hns‚ Pohn-X-Øn\p At\Iw ]tXy-I-X-I-fp-≠v.- GXp ka-b-Øpw Nmb, FX ISp-∏-Ønepw ck-Ønepw Nmb-˛-A-Xp sIm-≠mImw D® `£Ww At±lw Nmb-bn¬ HXp-°p-∂-Xv.ASpØp hcp-∂-h-sc-sb√mw k¬°-cn-°pw. GXv A`n]m-b-ßfpwtIƒ°pw. X\n°v C„-s∏-SmØ A`n-]mbw Bcn¬ \n∂p-≠m-bmepw

Xn-bn-´p-≠v. Poh-N-cnXimJ B_p amjn\pw Dss_-Zn\pw C„-s∏´kmlnXytaJ-e-bm-bn-cp-∂p. amen-°p-±o-\m¿, Jmkn a¿lqw -A-–p√lmPn, apl-Ω-Zv si-dq¬ Xp-S-ßn-bh Dss_Zv Fgp-Xnb Poh-N-cnXKŸ-ß-fm-Wv. enbm-JØv Aen-Jm≥, koXn-km-ln-_v, Camw K m-en XpS-ßn-bh B_p-hns‚ Cu cwKsØ kw`m-h-\-I-fm-Wv.

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66

A\m-tcmKyw D≠m-b-t∏mƒ amXamWv shfn-®-Øn-cp∂v Fgp-Xn-b-Xv.

B_p-hns‚ Fgp-Øn-t\m-Sp≈ Bflm¿∞-Xbv°pw A¿∏Wat\m-`m-h-Øn\pw DZm-l-c-W-amb Hcp kw`hw B-_p-hn-s\-°p-dn®v Fgp-Xn-b-h-sc√mw Hcp t]mse Bh¿Øn-°p-∂p-≠v. apl-ΩZv \_n-bpsS sshZy-ap-d-Isf kw_-‘n® ]pkvX-I-amb "Xn∫p-∂_n' X¿÷a sNbvXpsIm≠n-cns° D¿Zp-hn-ep≈ "InkvXv _lcn' F∂ acp-∂ns‚ t]cv ae-bm-f-Øn-em°m≥ B ]ZØns‚ A¿∞w tXSn Bdp-am-k-°mew H∂pwFgp-Xm-Xn-cp∂ Imcy-am-WXv.

`qan- D-cp-≠-Xm-sW∂pw ]c-∂-Xm-sW∂pw hmZn-°p-∂-h-tcmSv Hcp t]mseIe-ln® B_p-amjv KpkvXn ImWp-∂-Xnepw AXn-s\-∏‰n Fgp-Xp-∂-XnepwAXoh X¬]-c-\m-bn-cp-∂p. Np‰p-ap-≈-hsc G‰-hp-a-[nIw ASp-∏n-°m\pw AI-‰m\pw At±-l-Øn\v Ign-™n-cp-∂p. GIm-¥X C„-s∏´ Cu a\p-jy\vkzImcy IØp-I-sf-gp-Xp-∂-Xn¬ lcw Xs∂ D≠m-bn-cp-∂p.

ae-bm-fØnse ]kn≤t\mh-en-Ãm-bn-cp∂ tIi-h-tZ-hn-s\-t∏mseF¥n-s\bpw GXn-s\bpw FXn¿°p-I Hcp B_p hntijX Xs∂-bm-bn-cp-∂p. apI-fn¬ ]cm-a¿in-®Xp t]mse Cw•-≠n¬ qan ]c-∂-Xm-sW∂vhniz-kn-°p∂ kwL-ap-s≠∂v tI´m¬ aXn `qan Dcp-≠-Xm-sW∂v hniz-kn-°p∂htcmSpw FXn¿∏v ]I-Sn-∏n-°pw. ]e-t∏mgpw Aßs\ sNøp-∂Xv Hcp ck-Øn\p th≠n-bp-am-bn-cn-°pw. amdn-s°m-≠n-cn-°p∂imkvXob kn≤m-¥-ßsf sXfn-hn\p th≠n \ncØn sh°p-IbpwsNøpw.'' (A_q ap_m-d-°ns‚ teJ-\w)

]kwKthZn-tbmSv F∂pw AI∂p \n∂-bm-fmWv B_p-am-jv. Pohn-X-Øn¬ c≠p XhW amXta At±lw ]kwKthZn-bn¬ Ib-dn-bn-´p≈qF∂mWv Nne-cpsS IW-s°-Sp-∏n¬ ImWp-∂-Xv. H∂v Xe-t»-cn-bn¬ sh®m-Wv . c≠m-a -tØXv sIm®n -bn¬ s]m∂mS kzoI-cn -°m\pw.kwKoX\mSIA°m-Zan Ahm¿Uv G‰p-hmßn Xe-t»-cn-bn¬ Xncn-s®-Øp-tºmƒ h≥ kzoI-cWw \¬Im≥ Hcp°w Iqń-b-h-tcmSv ]tØm-]-Xn-\t©m kplr-Øp-°-fpsS CS-bn¬ amXta ]kw-Kn-°p-I-bp-≈q-sh∂vAt±lw iTn-®p. B ]kw-K-am-Is´ \µn F∂ H‰-hm-°n-sem-Xp-°p-IbpwsNbvXp. kwKoX\mSIA°m-Zan Ahm¿Uv G‰p-hm-ßm≥ sIm®n-bn-se-Øp∂ B_p-hns\ kzoI-cn-°m≥ FdWm-Ipfw dbn¬thtÃj-\n¬hºn® Hcp°w Iq´p-∂p-sh∂v a\- n-em-°nb B_p AXn¬ \n∂p c£-s∏Sm\mbn Bep-hm-bn-en-dßn sIm®n-bn-se-Ønb kw`-hhpw kplr-Øp-°ƒ ]d-bp-∂p-≠v. Ahm¿Uv kzoI-cn-°m≥ t]mbXp Xs∂ Hcp \nhr-Øn-bp-an-√mØ hn[-Øn¬ kplr-Øp-°fpw A°m-Zan `mc-hm-ln-Ifpw\n¿_-‘n-®Xp aqehpw. ]kw-Kn-°m≥ thZn-bn¬ Ib-dnb c≠p kµ¿`-ß-fnepw \µn F∂ hm°pamXw ]d™v ]n≥h-en-™p-hsX. A_qap_m-d°v as‰mcp kµ¿`w Cßs\ hni-Zo-I-cn-°p-∂p-≠v. ""Xe-t»-cn-

FXn¿°pw. B_p amjns‚ F√m A`n-]m-b-ßfpw icn-h-bv°m≥ B¿.-F-kv.-]`p F∂ kplrØv D≠m-bn-cp-∂p. B_p-hns‚ `mjm-K-th-jW]b-Xv\-ß-fn-se√mw ]`p-hns‚ klm-bhpw D≠m-bn-cp-∂p. Ah¿XΩn¬ I≠p ap´mØ Znh-k-ßƒ \t∂ Ipd-hm-bn-cp-∂p. B_p-hn-t\m-sSm∏w Ad_nae-bm-f-Øns‚ thcp-I-ƒ tXSn-t∏mb ]`p kmc-kzX_m“-W¿°p th≠n Hcp FgpØp`mj F∂ Bi-b-Øn¬ FØn-t®¿∂n-cp-∂p. B_p-hns‚ Cw•o-jv, D¿Zp, ]m¿ko-Ir-Xn-I-fpsS X¿÷-a-I-fn¬ ]`phpw Icp-Wm-I-c≥ amjpw apl-ΩZv l\o^v aue-hnbpwklm-bn-®n-cp-∂p. Icp-Wm-I-c≥ amjn\v ]m¿kn, D¿Zp ]mfinXyw l\o vaue-hn°v Ad_n, D¿Zp `mj-I-fn¬ ]mfinXyw ]`p-hn\v Cw•o-jv,- kw-kvIr-Xw,-A-d_nae-bmfw F∂o `mj-I-fn¬ ]mho-Wyw.- C-h-cp-tSXv Hcp]finXkZ v Xs∂-bm-bncp-∂p.- Nn-X-Im-c\mb Icp-Wm-I-c≥ amÃ¿°vCJv_m¬, Pem-ep-±o≥ dqan, Ha¿Jømw F∂n-h-sc-°p-dn®v henb Adn-hp-≠m-bncp∂p. ""B_phpw ]`phpw Icp-Wm-I-c≥ amÃdpw H‰bv°v\n¬°p-tºmƒ kwkm-cn-°mØ A¤pXPohn-I-fmtb A\y¿°v tXm∂p-I-bp-≈q. aqhcpw Hcp-an-°p-tºm-gm-hs´ `b-¶c H®-∏m-Spw. B _l-f-Øn-te°v Bsc-¶nepw Ib-dn-s®-∂m¬ ]ns∂ iva-im\aqI-X.'' (Im° hnf-°-√, s]tSm-amIvkv F∂ A_q ap_m-d-°ns‚ teJ-\w)

temK≥ kmbv∏ns‚ kvamc-I-amb temK≥kv tdmUnse amfnIapI-fn-em-bn-cp∂p B_p-hns‚ in¬]-im-e. ]fin-X-∑mcpw ]ma-c-∑mcpwAhnsS hcpw.- t\m-ó-kp-Iƒ Xøm-dm-°m≥, lc-Pn-Iƒ Fgp-Xn-°m≥,-A-t]£mt^md-ßƒ ]qcn-∏n-°m≥... Aßs\ ]e-Xn-\pw. Nne-t∏mƒ B_pamÃ¿ Fgp-Xnb t\mó-kn-\p≈ adp-]Sn t\mókv Fgp-Xn-s°m-Sp-°p-∂Xpw At±lw Xs∂-bm-bn-cn-°pw. cmhnse F´p-a-Wn°v h∂v cmXnF´p-a-Wn°v t]mIp-∂-Xn-\n-S-bn¬ D®-`-£-W-an-√. hni-°m-™n-´m-sW∂v]d-bpw. kXyw AXm-hm≥ hgn-bn-√. ]Icw Nmb-bp-≠t√m. temK≥kvtdmUnse hmSIapdn°v IpSn-»nI IqSn h∂-t∏mƒ Sn.kn tdmUnse as‰mcpapdn-bn-te°p amdn. Ahn-sSbpw kmº-ØnIw ]iv\-am-b-t∏mƒ kz¥whoń-te°v Xs∂ Dƒh-en-™p. amfn-I-I-fn-ep-≠m-bn-cp∂ ka-bØpwsagp-Ip-Xncn sh´-Øn-em-bn-cp∂p anI® IrXn-I-fp-sS-sb√mw cN-\.

Ip∏mbw Ducn-sh-®m¬ amXw Fgp-Xm≥ Ign-™n-cp∂ amjv XpS-ßn-bXv Xo¿Øn´p amXta Fgp-t\¬°p-I-bp-≈q. aqUv amdn-bm¬ ssienamdn-t∏m-Ip-∂XpsIm≠m-WsX Aßns\ sNøp-∂-Xv. AXn¬ Xo¿®-bmbpw Hcp Xncn-®-dnhv D≠v. aq¿t°mØv Ipam-cs‚ IrXn-I-ƒ At±lw]d-™p-sIm-Sp-°p-Ibpw B_p Fgp-Xp-Ibpw sNøp∂ \mfp-I-fp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. cmXn-bpsS GIm-¥-Xbpw \n»-–-Xbpw Fgp-Øn\v ]tNm-Z-\-am-Ip-sa∂ hnizmkw B_p-hn-\p-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. Dd-°-sam-gn-s®-gp-Xp-I,tSmƒtÃm-bn-sb-t∏mse F∂ kn≤m-¥hpw B_p-hn-\p-≠m-bn-cp-∂p.

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´dn Dkvam≥ kmln_v \n¿_‘w ]nSn-®p. amÃ-dpsS XpWbv°v hcp∂Bƒ°pw H∂mw-¢mkv sSbn≥ Sn-°‰v hmKvZm\w sNbvXp. Ah-km\wIq´p-Im-cpsS \n¿_-‘hpw ]m¿∞-\bpw \nanØw bm-Xbv°v hg-ßn.C°mcyw B_p kvac-Wn-I-bn¬ H.-kp-ss_¿ hni-Zo-I-cn-®n-´p-≠v. At±-lhpw kn.Sn _jodpw kl-bm-Xn-Icm-hm≥ kΩ-Xn-®p. kplr-Øp-°-fpsS \n¿_‘w At±-lsØ IÆp-\o-c-Wn-bn-®p. A∂v At±-l-sØ]ta-lhpw £b-tcm-Khpw Hcp t]mse Ah-i-\m-°n-bn-cp-∂p. Xs‚ adp-]Sn ]kwKw At±lw Xøm-dm-°p-Ibpw sNbvXn-cp-∂p. \m¬]-tXmfwh¿j-°mew Xm≥ Xmtem-en®p h∂ Bi-b-ßfpw hmZ-ßfpw Af∂papdn® ]Z-ßƒ D]-tbm-Kn®v Xøm-dm-°nb ]_-‘-am-bn-cp∂p AXv. ]kw-K-Øn¬ hy‡n-]-c-am-b ]iv\-ßƒ ]ma¿in-°-W-sa∂v kpss_dpw_jodpw \n¿_-‘n-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp. AXn\v At±lw ]d™ adp-]Sn A\m-tcmKyw IW-°n-se-Sp-°m-sXbpw hnj-a-X-Iƒ kln®pw Xm≥Cu bmX sNøp-∂Xv H. B_p-hn\v h√ Ahm¿Upw In´m-\m-bn-cp-∂n√,am∏n-f-∏m-ń\pw Ad_nae-bmfkmln-Xy-Øn\pw e`n°p∂ AwKo-Imcwhmßp-hm≥ th≠n-bm-sW∂v Bbn-cp-∂p. B_p F∂ a\p-jys‚ hn\-bhpw \nkzm¿∞-X-bp-amWv AXn-eqsS ]I-S-am-bXv. Ahm¿UpZm\Zn\-Øn¬ A°m-Z-an-bpsS D]-Nm-c-ßƒ kzoI-cn-°p-∂-Xn¬ henb Xm¬]-cyhpw ImWn-®n-√. thZn-bn¬ Ddq_pw s]ms‰-°mSpw mkvI-c\pw ssh°wNµ-ti-J-c≥ \mbcpw D≠m-bn-cp-∂p. Nµ-ti-J-c≥ \mb-cpsS Kwò-c-amb kzmKX]kw-Khpw \S-∂p. AXpt]mse Ddq-_ns‚ A[y£]kw-Khpw \S-∂p. ]n.-`m-kvI-c≥ s]m∂mS Nm¿Øn BZ-cn-®-t∏mƒ kZ- n¬\n∂v \ne-bv°mØ IøSnbp≠m-bn. B_p amjns‚ Fgp-Xn-Ø-øm-dm-°nb ]kwKw _jo¿ hmbn-®p. lkz-amb B ]kwKw am∏n-f-∏m-´p-I-sf-°p-dn®v ]ecpw ]pe¿Ønb ]e [mc-W-I-tfbpw Xncp-Øn. A∂sØadp-]Sn ]kwKw A°m-Zan ]kn-≤oI-c-Wamb "kwKa-'-Øn¬ ]kn-≤o-I-cn-°p-I-bp-≠m-bn. A∂pw ]Xn-hp-t]mse hoń¬ FØm-\m-bn-cp∂pAt±-l-Øn\v Xm¬]-cyw. ""Btcm Nh®p Xp∏nb sh‰n-e-∏n≠n t]mseGtXm tImWn¬ InS-∂n-cp∂ Ad_nae-bm-fsØ hymI-c-W-ap≈ `mj-bm°n, kmln-Xy-am°n am‰n-b-Xn-\mWv At±-l-Øn\v Ahm¿Up Inń-b-Xv'' F∂v Fgp-Xn-bmWv H. kpss_¿ "Ahn-kva-c-Wo-b-amb Ahm¿UpcmXn' F∂ teJ\w Ah-km-\n-∏n-°p-∂-Xv.

tcmKw Im¿∂p Xn∂p-tºmgpw F√mZnh-khpw Xs‚ FgpØvtaibv°p apºn¬ h∂n-cn-°pw. sshZy\nL-≠p-Iƒ°pw ^n°vlv InXm-_p-Iƒ°pw Kth-jWdn°m¿Up-Iƒ°panS-bn-ep≈ B Ccn∏v At±-l-Øns‚ A\n-Xckm[m-c-W-amb Bflm¿∞-Xsb Nq≠n-°m- p-∂p. IzmPmIam-ep-±o≥ cNn® "Jp¿B≥ ]T-\-Øn-s\mcp apJ-hpc' F∂ IrXn-hnh¿Ø\w sNbvX-t∏mƒ B_p JmZn-bm-\n-bm-sW∂v -kw-i-bn-°-s∏-ń-

bnse Ckvem-anIv sk‚-dn¬ ]_‘w Ah-X-cn-∏n-°p-∂Xv amÃ¿ Xs∂-bm-bn-cn-°W-sa∂v IpýΩpkmln_v \n¿_‘w ]nSn-®n-cp-∂p. B_papßn-°-f-bp∂ kz`m-h-sØ-°p-dn®v \∂mbn a\- n-em-°nb IpýΩpkmln_v AXp XS-bm≥ c≠p aq∂pt]sc N´w sI´p-Ibpw sNbvXp.]Xn-hn\p hn]-co-X-ambn amÃ¿ skan-\m-dn¬ ap≥-Iqń Xs∂ lmP-cm-bn. IpýΩp kmln-_ns‚ ap∂n¬Øs∂ Ccn-∏p-d-∏n-®p. amÃdpsS]_‘w sshIp-t∂cw 4.30\v Bbn-cp-∂p. 4.25 hsc AhnsS Ccp∂amÃ¿ IrXyw A©v an\p´v _m°nbp≈-t∏mƒ [rXn-bn¬ ]pd-tØ°vt]mbv°-f-™p. A[y-£≥ ]_‘w Ah-X-cn-∏n-°p-∂-Xn-\mbn £Wn-®-t∏mƒ XmSnbpw IÆ-S-bp-ap≈ Hcp sNdp-∏-°m-c≥ tÃPn¬ Ib-dn-h∂p.IpýΩp kmln-_ns\ t\m°n ]p©n-cn®p sIm≠v ]_‘w `wKn-bmbnhmbn-®p. A∂v io. F≥.kn aΩq-ńsb B_phmbn ]ecpw sX‰n-≤-cn-®n-cp-∂p.'' \µn F∂ hm°n-sem-Xp-°nb ]kw-KsØ A_q -ap-_m-d°vAXn at\m-l-c-ambn Cßs\ Ah-X-cn-∏n-®n-´p-≠v. ""Ahm¿Uv kzoI-cn-®v Xe-t»-cn-bn¬ FØnb B_p-am-jn\v kzoI-cWw \evIm-\p≈ Hcp-°-ßƒ ]q¿Øn-bm-bn. ASpØ kplr-Øp-°ƒ amX-a-S-ßp∂ B kZ- n\p apºn¬ Xm≥ Pohn-X-Øn¬ BZy-ambpw Ah-km-\-ambpw kwkm-cn-°m-sa∂v amjv G‰p. amjns‚ kw`m-h-\-Isf ]Io¿Øn-®p-sIm≠v]kw-K-ßƒ [mcmfw D≠m-bn. HSp-hn¬ amjns‚ Ah-kcw h∂p. F√mIÆp-Ifpw At±-l-Øn¬ tIµo-I-cn-®p. amjv hnImcw sIm≠v hnd-°p-Ibm-bn-cp∂p. A\m-tcmKyw sIm≠v Ccp∂v ]kw-Kn-®m¬ aXn-sb∂v]ecpw ]d-™p. amkv‰¿ AXv hI-sh-°msX Fgp-t∂‰v Hc-ddw apX¬at‰ A‰w hsc-bp≈ F√m-h-scbpw IÆ-S-°p-≈n-eqsS Hcp an\p´v t\cwt\m°n. Hcp aµ-kvanXw B Np≠p-Iƒ°n-S-bn-eqsS hncn-™pthm F∂vkwi-bw. AXn-\n-Sbv°v ]kwKw kam-]n-®n-cp-∂p. "\µn' Hcp hm°v amXw.\m¬]-tXmfw KŸ-ßfpw \qdp-I-W-°n\v teJ-\ßfpw cNn-®n-´p≈kmlnXyImcs‚ Pohn-X-Ønse B ]kwKw Hscm‰ hm°n¬ ]cn-an-X-ambn''

tIc-f-kw-KoX\mSIA°m-Z-an -bpsS Ahm¿Uv hmßp-∂-Xn¬At±lw X¬]-c-s\m-∂p-am-bn-cp-∂n-√. Ahm¿Uv \¬Ip∂ hnh-cw ]d-bm\pw NS-ßn¬ ]s¶-Sp-°-W-sa∂v ]tXyIw £Wn-°m-\p-ambnA∂sØ kwKoX\mSIA°m-Zan skI-´dn t\cn´v B_p kmln-_ns‚ hoń¬ hcn-I-bp-≠m-bn. At±-lw tcmKnbm-bn-cp-∂-Xn-\m¬ Xs‚bmX-bpsS AXn¿Øn InS∏papdn-bn¬ \n∂v hcm-¥-hsc amX-am-sW∂p]d™v Hgn™p amdm\pw ian-®n-cp-∂p. s]m∂mS Nm¿Ø¬ Hgn-hm°nAhm¿Uv ChnsS kzoI-cn-®m¬ t]mtc F∂pw At\z-jn-®n-cp-∂p. NS-ßns‚ hni-Zmw-i-ß-sf√mw Bkq-XWw sNbvXp-t]m-bXp sIm≠v GXvhnj-aw XcWw sNbvXpw ]cn-]mSn hnP-bn-∏n-°-W-sa∂v A°m-Zan skI-

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X\n-°-s√∂pw AXv Ad-_n-a-e-bmfkmln-Xy-Øn\v Inń-b-Xm-sW∂pw]d™v hn\-bm-\zn-X-\mbn. am∏n-f∏m´pI-fnse I≈°Ω-´-ßsf -I-s≠-Øp-Ibpw Btcm Nh-®p-Xp-∏nb sh‰ne®≠n-t]mse GtXm aqe-°p-≠m-bn-cp∂ Ad-_n-a-e-bmf`mjbpw kmln-Xyhpw hymI-c-W-hp-ap≈ Hcp]tXyI `mjmkmlnXy hn`m-KamsW∂v ÿm]n-°m≥ Xs‚ ]pcp-jm-bp v apgp-h≥ ]mSp-s]-SpIbpw sNbvXp.

H. B_p F∂ Xet»cn-°m-cs‚ _u≤nI A[zm-\ß-fn¬AXy¥w IuXp-I-c-ß-fm-b-hbpw D≠v. G‰hpw Kuc-h-ap≈ hnj-b-ßƒFgp-Xp-∂-Xn-\n-Sbv°v At±lw sN pw NXp-cw-Khpw (1958) X]m¬ apZ-Iƒ(1957) F∂o hnj-b-ß-sf-°p-dn®pw ]pkvX-I-ßƒ cNn-®p.`mjmNcnXw, hnh¿Ø\w, \mS-Iw,- I-Y F∂n-ßs\ sshhn[y-am¿∂kmln-Xy-cq-]-ß-fn¬ ]h¿Øn® Fgp-Øp-Im¿ thsdbpw D≠m-hmw.F∂m¬ sN n-s‚bpw X]m¬ apZ--I-fp-sSbpw NcnX ]mc-º-cy-Øn-te-°p≈ B_p-hns‚ k©m-chpw Ahsb NnX-k-lnXw hni-Zo-I-cn-°m-≥ At±lw ]I-Sn-∏n® Xm¬]cyhpw B PohnXsshNn-Xy-Øns‚ sImSn-b-S-bmfw Xs∂.

A_q ap_m-dIv At±-l-Øns‚ teJ-\-Øn¬ H.-B-_p-hns‚thsdbpw Nne sshNnXy `mh-ßsf-°p-dn®v ]d-bp-∂p≠v. Pohn-®n-cp∂\mfp-I-fn¬ Xm¶ƒ°v FX hbmbn F∂p Bcmcpw tNmZn-®m¬B_p AXn∂v \¬Ip∂ adp-]Sn ]n.-H.- F∂ At±-l-Øns‚ Hcp kplr-Øns‚ ]mbw Iqń tN¿Øn-´m-bn-cp∂phsX. Xs‚ hb v 62 ]n.-H.-hn\v 60. Cu ]n.H B_p-hns‚ IqsS-bmWv Ft∏mgpw D≠m-hp-I. sNdp-∏-Im-e-ß-fn¬ Xßƒ kwL-Sn-∏n® ASn-I-ei-ep-I-sf-∏‰nbpw cm„obkwhm-Z-ß-sf-∏-‰nbpw B_p [mcmfw IY-Iƒ ]d-bpw. ]n.H Hcp _p≤n-Po-hn-bm-W-sX. AXp-sIm≠v At±lw A[nIw kwkm-cn-°m-dn-√. ]s£ssIIƒ sIm≠v s]mSp-∂-\sh kw-km-cn-°p-a-sX. KpkvXn a’cw D≈n-S-sØ√mw AhnsS c≠v t]cp-ap-≠m-hpw. Xe-t»-cn-bn¬ CXphsc \S∂F√m KpkvXn a’-c-ß-sf-∏-‰nbpw ]d-™p-sIm-t≠-bn-cn-°pI B_p-hns‚ Hcp ÿncw kz`mhamWv. Cu h¿Æ\ XpS-ßp-tºmƒ Fßn-s\-sb-¶nepw hnjbw am‰n-bn-s√-¶n¬ \qdm-asØ Xh-Wbpw AXv Bh¿Øn-°pw.

H.-B_p Bcm-bn-cp-∂p. kp∂nbmtWm? t]mK-kohv eoKpIm-c\mtWm? tkmjy-en-ÃmtWm? io\mcm-bWt]an-bmtWm? CsXm-∂p-a-√mØ JmZn-bm-\n-bmtWm? sshNn-Xy-ßƒ [mcm-f-ap≈ Cu Fgp-Øp-Im-c-s\-°p-dn®v Cßs\ ]ecpw ]e tNmZy-ßfpw Db¿Øn-bn-´p-≠v.

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´p-≠v. AØcw tNmZy-ßƒ°pw kwi-b-ßƒ°pw At±lw adp-]Sn ]d-™n√. ImcWw Xs‚ \ne-]m-Sp-I-sf-°p-dn®v At±-l-Øn\p \√ t_m[y-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂p.

]ta-l-tcm-K-tØm-sSm∏w £b-tcm-Khpw \√-Xm-sW∂v A`n-]m-b-s∏´ At±lw sshZy -im -kvX -sØ°pdn®v amX-a -√, Ckvem -anII¿ΩimkvX-sØsØ°p-dn®pw Fgp-Xn. 1954˛¬ sshZy-∑m-cpsShenb ktΩ-f\w Xe-t»-cn-bn¬ kwL-Sn-∏n-°p-∂-Xn\v t\XrXzw \¬In.

]ńWn kmlnXyPohn-X-Øn\v \√-Xm-sW∂ B_p-hns‚ A`n-]mbw Fw.-Sn-bpsS Hcp \nco-£-WsØ Hm¿Ωn-∏n-°p-∂p. \nß-fpsS thZ-\-Ifpw I„-∏m-Sp-Ifpw ]cm-P-b-ßfpw taml-`w-K-ß-fp-sa√mw hne-s∏´kºm-Zy-ß-fm-sW∂v Fw.Sn Fgp-Xn-bXv B_p-hns\t∏mep-ff a‰-t\IwFgp-Øp-Im¿°v IqSn _m[-I-am-Ip∂ Imcy-amW-t√m. Fw.Snsb kw_-‘n®p Xs∂ AsXmcp kXy-am-bn-cp-∂p. thZ-\-Isf Fgp-Øp-Im-c≥kwKo-X-am-°p-∂p. tcmK-ßsf ]q°-fm-°p-∂p. A\p- -h-ß-fpsS s\cn-t∏m-Sp-I-fn¬ \n∂v Ie hncn-bn-°p∂ Iem-Im-c-∑m-cmWv F∂pw anI® Fgp-Øp-Im-cmbn amdn-bn-´p-≈-Xv.

Ckvem-anI `‡nKoX-ß-fp-sSbpw am∏n-f-∏m-´p-I-fp-sSbpw t]cn¬]t£-]Ww sNøp∂ Km\-ssh-Ir-X-ß-fpsS t\¿°p≈ FXn¿∏pw ITn-\-amb ]Xn-tj-[hpw ]I-Sn-∏n-°p-hm-\mbn Xm\p-ambn A`n-apJw \S-Øm≥ h∂ BIm-i-hm-Wn-°m-cs\ A`n-apJw \¬ImsX Xncn-®-b®Cu Fgp-Øp-Im-c≥ Hcn-°¬ H∏\ a’-c-Øns‚ hn[n-I¿Øm-hmbn \n∂-t∏mƒ Ah-X-cn-∏n-°-s∏´ H∏-\-bpsS X\n-a-bn-√mbva I≠v Ah-X-cn-∏n®Hcp Sq∏n\pw am¿°p \¬ImsX ÿewhn´Xv B_phn∂vam∏nfIemkwkvIr-Xn-sb Ip-dn®p-≠m-bn-cp∂ ho£WZm¿Vyw klr-Z-bsc t_m[y-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂-Xm-bn-cp-∂p. temI-]-kn≤ Fgp-Øp-Im-c\pwXnc-°-Ym-Ir-Øp-amb apl-ΩZv AkZv "^nJvlv' hncp-≤-\m-sW-∂-dn-™-t∏mƒ Ak-Zns‚ ]JymX IrXn-bmb "Ckvemw hgn-Øn-cn-hn¬'(Ckvemw Hm¨ tImkv tdmUvkv) F∂ ]pkvXIw ae-bm-f-Ønte°phnh¿Ø\w sNbvX-Xn¬ ZpxJn® Fgp-Øp-Im-c-\m-Wv B_p. bph-P-t\m-’h\S-Øn-∏p-Im¿ H∏\ F∂ Iem-cq-]sØ F¥m°m\mWv t]mIp-∂-sX∂v I¿°-i-amb coXn-bn¬ tNmZn®v X\n-a-bpsS Imcy-Øn¬ hn´p-ho-gvNbvs°mcp-ßmsX B_p \ne-sIm≠p. apkvenw kvXoIƒ ASp-°-f-∏p-gp-°tfm k¥m-t\m¬]m-Z\ b¥-ßtfm Bhp-∂-Xn-s\-Xnsc \nc-¥cw t]mcm-Sn. Ab¬hońse NmØphpw I√ym-Wnbpw ]ń-Wn-In-S-°p-tºmƒ Xs‚ Iøn-ep-≠m-bn-cp∂ CØncn `£Ww Ah-cp-ambn ]¶n´lrZbhnim-e-X-bp≈ Bfm-bn-cp-∂ B_p hni-∏nepw ZpxJ-Ønepwhbdpw a\ pw IØn-\o-dp-tºmgpw D√m-k-Øns‚ apJm-h-c-W-an´v Pohn-®p. kwKoX\mSIA°m-Zan Ahm¿Up Inń-b-t∏mƒ B AwKo-Imcw

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W-ßsf Gsd°me-tØ°p \ne-\n-dp-Øp-I-sb-∂Xv ZpjvI-c-am-bn-tØm-∂pw. F∂m¬ AXp-X-s∂-bmWv \mw GXm\pw hyh-ÿ-Isf A\p-k-cn-°pI AXym-h-iy-am-sW-∂-Xn-te-°p≈ Imc-W-hpw. \Ωƒ Cs∂-gp-Xp∂ ae-bmfw Hc-™qdp kwh-’-c-Øn\p tijw hcp∂ ae-bm-fn°va\- n-em-I-W-sa-¶n¬ Hcp KthjW ime-bpw, Iptd ]fin-X-∑m-cpsS\nc-¥c Kth-j-W-ßfpw th≠n-bn-cn-°p-sa∂v hcp-∂Xv \√-Xn-\-√t√m''.

Ad_oae-bmf `mj-bn¬ Ad-_n-en-]n-Iƒ BZyhpw `mjbpwkmln-Xyhpw Ita-W-bp-ap-≠m-bn. aX-hn-j-b-ßƒ Fgp-Xm≥ ]mI-Øn¬Ad-_n-bn¬ kPm-Xob ]tXyI Nn”-ßƒ \¬In-bmWv Ad_oae-bm-fsa∂ \ho-\-`mj Icp-∏n-Sn-∏n-®Xv AXn¬ F√m kzc-ßƒ°pw D]-tbm-Kn-°m-hp∂ "Aen^v' F∂ AIm-c-a-S°w ap∏-Ø-©-£-c-ß-fmWvBZy Zi-bn¬ D≠m-bn-cp-∂-Xv. ]sØm≥]Xv hyRvP-\-ßfpw ]Xn-\©vA£-c-ßfpw.

Ad-_n-a-e-bmf mjsb ]cm-a¿in-°p-tºmƒ B mj-bpsS ][m\hn`m-K-amb am∏n-f-∏m-´p-I-fmWv BZy-ambn kvarXn-]-Y-Øn-se-Øp-∂-Xv.kwKo-X-km-µ-amb B Ihn-Xm-k-º-ØmWv F∂pw Ad-_o-a-e-bm-f-Øn\vD÷o-h-\-i‡n ]Zm\w sNbvXn-´p-≈-Xv. ae-bmf en]n°v Dƒs°m-≈m-\m-hmØ GXv `mj-I-tfbpw kzoI-cn-∏m-\p≈ cq]-kw-hn-[m\w Ad-_o-a-e-bm-f-Øn\v D≠m-bn-cp-∂p. Ad_n, ]m¿kn, Xan-gv, I∂-U, kwkvIrXwF∂o mj-I-fnse ]Z-ßƒ Ad-_n-en-]n-Iƒ°v A\p-tbm-Py-amIpw hn[wcq]-s∏-SpØn B `mj-bn¬ ]N-cn-∏n-°-s∏-´p. ]kvXpX A£-c-amesIm≠v aX-]-chpw atX-Xc-hp-amb GXv hnj-bhpw Ad-_n-a-e-bm-f-Øn-se-gp-Xm≥ km[n-®n-cp-∂p.

Ckvem-anI kmt¶-XnI ]Z-ß-fptSbpw k„m-hmb A√m-lp, ]hm-N-I-\mb apl-ΩZv \_n, thZ-K-Ÿ-amb Jp¿-B≥ F∂o t]cp-I-fp-sSbpwkq£vtam-®m-cWw kpkm-[y-am-°m≥ Ad_n ae-bm-f-Øn-∂m-hp-am-bn-cp∂p. A°m-c-W-Øm¬ apkvenw-I-fpsS HmØp ]≈n-I-fnepw aZ-k-I-fnepw Cu mj \ntXy\ ]Tn-∏n®p t]m∂p. B A¿∞-Øn¬ A∂sØBWpw s]Æpw km£-c-cm-bn-cp-∂p. hnZy-sb-∂m¬ aX hnZym-`ymkwF∂ k¶¬]-am-bn-cp∂p As∂-√mw. in¿°n¬ -A-[n-jvTn-Xamb sslµ-hn-I-X-bpsS \nd-km-∂n-≤y-ambn IcpXn ae-bm-f-tØmSpw B mj-bn-ep≈kmln-Xy-Ir-Xn-I-tfmSpw apkvenw kap-Zm-b-Øn\v h√mØ Akv]r-iy-X-bp≠m-bn-cp-∂p. GI-ssZ-hm-[n-jvTn-X-amb kwkvIm-c-Øns‚ \mµn-Ip-dn®v\q‰m-≠p-Iƒ A[nIw Ign-bmØ Hcp kml-N-cy-Øn¬ ho≠pw B

B_p-hns‚"Ad_oae-bmf']cy-S\w

tIcf kwKoX \mSI A°m-Zan Ahm¿Uv \¬In BZ-cn® kmln-Xy-Im-c-\mb H.-B-_p-hn\v C„-s∏´ aq∂v KZy-I¿Øm-°-fm-bn-cp∂paq¿t°mØp Ipam-c-\pw Ip´n-IrjvW amcm-cpw h°w A–p¬Jm-Z-dpw.Xs‚ tiJ-c-Øn¬ \n∂v ]e IrXn-Ifpw \„-s∏´p t]mbn-cp-∂p-sh-¶nepwCu aq∂p-t]-cpsSbpw IrXn-Iƒ Aaq-ey-\n-[n-t]mse At±lw kq£n®psh®n-´p -≠m-bn -cp -∂p. B_pamÃ-dpsS ]Xn -` -sbbpw ]h¿Ø-\sØ]‰nbpw BZy-ambn FgpXn ]kn-≤o-I-cn® teJ-\-Øn¬ tUmŒ¿kn.-sI.-Icow H.B_psh Ad-_oa-e-bm-f-Ønse Ip´n-Ir-jvW-am-cmsc∂vhnti-jn-∏n-®-tXm¿°p-∂p. amcm-cpsS AtX ssien-bn¬ hnc-Nn-°-s∏´"Ad-_oa-e-bmf kmlnXyNcnXw' F∂ \nkvXpe IrXn-bpsS I¿Øm-hmb B_p-sh--∏-‰n-bp≈ ]T\w amcm-cpsS hm°p-Iƒ D≤-cn®psIm≠vXpS-ßp-∂Xv kap-Nn-X-am-bn-cn-°pw.

""`mjm Ncn-X-Øns‚ \o≠p \o≠ kwh-’-c-ß-fn-te°v H∂v Xncn-™p-t\m-°p-I. temI-Ønse Hmtcm `mj°pw A∂-∂mbn FX ]cn-h¿Ø-\-ßƒ h∂p-I-gn-™n-cn-°p-∂p. Hcp aqe-`m-j-bpsS Dƒ∏n-cn-hp-I-fmbn Nn∂n-®n-X-dnb `mjm-¥-c-ß-fn-te°v XΩn-ep≈ hn]pe hyXym-k-ßƒ t]mI-s´; Hmtcm `mj-Xs∂ FXtbm iXm-–-ßƒ Ign-bp-tºm-tg°v Fßn-s\-sb√mw amdn-a-d-™p-I-f-bp∂p! \ΩpsS ]q¿∆n-I-cmb ae-bm-fn-IfpsS `mj-bn¬ Fgp-X-s∏´ Nne-∏-Xn-Im-cw, cma-N-cn-Xw, IÆ-»-cm-am-bWw apX-em-bh C∂v Hcp km[m-cW ae-bm-fn°v a\- n-em-Im-Xn-cn-°p-∂-t√m. Cu \nebv°p t\m°p-tºmƒ Hcp mj-bn¬ ]Z-hmIy ]am-

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F∂¿∞-ap-≈-XmWp Imc-Ww. I∏-∏m-ńepw \q¬aZvlv ]mńepw [mcmfw]mNo\ ae-bmf ]Z-ß-fpw ]g-sam-gn-Ifpw ImWmw. \m¬]Xp sIm√-ßƒ°n-∏pdw \mw am∏n-f-∏m-´p-I-sf∂p hnfn-°p∂ ]m´p-I-sf√mw Adn-b-s∏-ńcp-∂Xv "kô\'-∏m´p-Isf∂m-bn-cp-∂p.- Xp-©-sØ-gp-Ø-—s‚B≤ymfl cmam-bWw cNn-°p-∂-Xn\v A©p h¿j-ßƒ°p apºv hnc-Nn-X-amb apln-bn-±o≥ ame-°pw Ip™m-b≥ apk-veym-cpsS \q¬aZvln∂p-an-S-bn¬ GXm≠v \q‰n-ap-∏Xv sIm√-ß-fpsS hnShv ImWmw. "kpZo¿L-amb kpjp]vXn' sb∂v Cu Ime-hn-fw-_-sØ ]cn-l-kn-°m≥ B_paSn-°p-∂n-√. "Ad_o ae-bmf kmlnXy NcnXw' t]mse `mjm-N-cn-X-Øn-te°v shfn®w ]I-cp∂ Hcp IrXn-bn-s√-¶n¬ Ckvemw aX-tØm-sSm∏w hf¿∂p ]¥-en® Hcp kmlnXy kwkvIr-Xn-bpsS ]mh\ NcnXwCcpƒaqSnt∏mIp-am-bn-cp-∂p. ]S-∏m-´p-Iƒ, Jn ∏m-´p-Iƒ XpS-ßnb imJ-Isf kw_-‘n®pw Xmc-Xay ]T-\-tam hni-Zmwi ]T-\tam \S-Øp-hm≥B_p-hn\v BK-l-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. A\m-tcmKyw aqew AXn∂p km[n-®n-√. t]m¿®p-Ko-kp-Im-cp-sSbpw Cw•o-jp-Im-cp-sSbpw Itø‰w aqew \in-®p-t]mb Ad-_oa-e-bmf IrXn-I-sf-°p-dn-®pw Ad-_o-a-e-bm-f-ØnseA]-Im-inX IrXn-Isf°pdn-®pap≈ ]tXyI ]T-\hpw At±-l-Øn\vapgp-an-°m≥ Ign-™n-√. B `mj-bnse Oµ- pw Ae-¶m-chpw At±-l-Øn\p ]nb-¶-c-ß-fmb hnj-b-ß-fm-bn-cp-∂p. AtX-∏‰n ]tXyI KŸwXs∂ cNn-°m-\p≈ A¥ym-`n-em-jhpw \nd-th-dmsX t]mbn. B_p-thm-sSm∏w aä-d-™p-t]m-Ip-am-bn-cp∂ FXtbm kz]v\ IrXn-I-fn¬H∂mWv \ap°v Inń-t∏mb "Ad_oae--bmf kmlnXy Ncn-X-'sa∂A\¿LIrXn. B_p-hns‚ ZuXyw ]q¿Øo-I-cn-°m≥ C\n \ΩpsSNp‰p-h-´Øv Bcm-\p-ap-≠m-Iptam? B_p \¬Inb kqN-\-I-fn¬ \n∂p]p\¿\n¿ΩnXn \S-Øm-\m-hp∂ Hcp cay-l¿ay-amWv Ad-_n-a-e-bm-fw.AXns‚ AI-Ø-f-Øn¬ hf-bn´ ssII-fpsS Xmf sshNn-Xy-ap-≠v.Ci¬ apdp-°-Øns‚ s]men-a-bp-≠v. CuW-ß-fpsS B¿Z-X-bp-≠v.CXƒhn-cn™ kwkvIr-Xn-bp-ap-≠v.

Ad-_oa-e-bmf `mj-sbbpw AXns‚ At\Iw imJ-I-sfbpw ]‰n-bp≈ B_p-hns‚ \nco-£-W-ßƒ hcpwImeØ\v shdp-samcp Ncn-X-amImw. Cßn\n hcm-Ø-hÆw bmX-bm°m≥ \mw Hcp-sº-Sp∂ Hcp`mjmw-K-\bmbn Ad-_o-a-e-bmfw \n¬°p-tºmƒ B Nmcp apJw Hcn-°¬ IqSn Z¿in-°p-hm≥ Bcpw sImXn®p t]mIp-sa∂ ktµ-ihpw B_p\¬Ip-∂p-≠v.

kwkvIm-c-Øn-te-°p≈ Hcp Xncn-®p-t]m-°ns‚ Akp-J-I-c-amb Nn¥-I-fm-bn-cp∂p ae-bm-f-`mjm ]kn-≤o-I-c-W-ßƒ DW¿Øn-bn-cp-∂Xv.kwkvIr-Xn-Iƒ sIń-∏-Sp-°p-∂-Xn¬ mj-bp-sSbpw kmln-Xy-Øn-s‚bpw]¶v sNdp-X-√t√m? ]lvehn en]n ssIhn´v ]m¿kn-`mj Ad-_n-en-]n-Iƒ kzoI-cn-®p. AXns‚ ktlm-Zc`mj-bmbn Ddp-Zphpw P∑w-sIm-≠p.BtKm-f-X-e-Øn¬ k¶-c-`m-j-bmbn Ad_n Cw•ojpw tdma≥ Ddp-ZphpwAev]-Im-e-sa-¶nepw ]N-cn-®p. Xp¿°n mjbpw Ad_n en]n-Iƒ kzoI-cn-°m≥ k∂-≤X ]I-Sn-∏n-®n-cp-∂p. kmln-Xy-k-ºØv sIm≠pw kwKo-X- km-µX sIm≠pw DdpZp hn\m-isØ AXn-Po-hn®v Gsd ]pjvI-e-am-bn. Ad-_n-a-e-bm-f-Øn\v amXta Imhy-k-º-tØmSpw Ci¬s]-cp-a-tbmSpw IqSn Ddp-Zp-thm-sSm∏w Aev]-sa-¶nepw Xe-bp-b¿Øn \n¬°m-\m-bn-´p-≈q. \ne-\n¬∏ns‚ ]iv\-am-I-bm¬ Ad-_o-a-e-bmf en]n kzoI-cn®pw AkvXnXzw hnfn-®p-]-d-™p. tambn≥Ipń sshZy-cpsS IrXn-IƒSn∏Wn -tN¿Øv ae-bmf en]n-bn¬ ]q¿Æ-ambn ]kn-≤o-I-cn-®Xv [oc-amb Hcp kwc-`-am-Wv. B_p-hns‚ Bbp-jvIme A`n-em-j-am-bn-cp∂pI∏-∏m-ń-∂pw -\q¬aZvln∂pw AØcw Hcp `mjyw cNn-°¬.

""Ad-_o-a-e-bmf en]n-Iƒ ]e¿ ]e-Im-eØpw ]e-hn-[-Øn¬ ]cn-jvI-cn∏n-®n- p-≠v. Ad-_n-a-e-bmfw A®Sn®v shfn®wI≠-t∏mƒ IqSp-X¬]cn-jvI-c-W-Øn-s‚bpw Bhiyw t_m[y-am-bn. BZy-Im-eØv Ccp-]-sØ-´-£-c-ß-fn¬ ]cn-an-X-am-bn-cp∂p Ad_n ae-bm-fw. F,- Hm -F∂oNn”-ßƒ A°m-e-Øp≠mbn-cp-∂n-√-. "F'°p ]Icw "b' bpw "H' °p]Icw "h'bpw D]-tbm-Kn-°-s∏-´p. Ad-_n-bnse ]Øm-asØ A£-c-Øns‚ Nph-ń¬ Hcp IpØv C´p-sIm≠v "c' sb∂ i_vZ-Øn\pw ]Xn-\-©m-asØ A£-c-Øns‚ Nph-ń¬ Hcp IpØv C´p-sIm≠v "f' F∂i–-Øn\pw ]n¬°m-eØv cq]w \¬Ip-I-bp-≠m-bn. ]pXnb A£-c-ßƒ I≠p-]n-Sn-°msX Ad-_o-a-e-bmfw C∂pw ASn-ÿm\ ]c-amb Ccp-]-sØ- £-c-ß-fn¬ HXpßn°n-S-°p-∂p.-en]n ]cn-jvI-cW cwKØp Imcy-£-a-amb ]h¿Ø-\-ßƒ \S-Øn-bXp h°w A–p¬Jm-Z¿ aue-hnbpwIpf-ß-c-Øp hoń¬ sambvXp apkeymcpw BsW∂p ImWp-∂p.(-A-d_oae-bmf kmlnXy Ncn-Xw)

I∏-∏m-´pw \q¬aZvlv ]m´pw cNn-®Xv aX-]-fin-X-\pw `‡Ihnbpw]Xyp¬]∂aXnbpw cknIintcm-a-Wn-bp-am-bn-cp∂ Ip™m-b≥ apkv-eym-cm-bn-cp-∂p. Ip™m-b≥ apk-veym¿ Hcm-fn¬ Xp©-sØ-gp-Ø-—\pwIp©≥ \ºymcpw Hcp-an-®p. I∏-∏m-ńs‚ ]Nmcw am∏n-f-∏m-ń∂v "k-ô-\-]m-´p-I-sf'∂ t]cpw kºm-Zn®p sImSp-Øp. "kô-\'°v I∏¬

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apkvenw Fgp-Øp-Im-cpsS Ac-tß-‰-Øn\p h∂ Imehnfw_w amX-amWvCu A\`n-⁄-X-s°√mw apJy-Im-c-Ww. Aapkvenw kap-Zm-b-Øn¬\n∂v Ad-_oa-e-bmf kmln-Xyhpw kwkvIm-chpw Gsd-°mew ad-™p-\n-∂Xv Fs¥√mw sX‰n-≤m-c-W-Iƒ°mWv Imc-W-am-b-Xv! hmcn-I-I-fpsSbpw amkn-I-I-fp-sSbpw kpe-`X Hcn-°¬ Ad-_n-a-e-bm-f-Øn-em-bn-cp-∂p-sh∂pIqSn Hm¿t°-≠-Xp≠v.

Hcp ImeØv Ckvem-anI ]t_m-[\cwKØv NqSpw Nqcpw ]I¿∂Cu `mjm-Iu-Xp-IsØ ASp-Ø-dn-bp-tºmƒ AXn-t\m-Sp≈ A¤p-Xm-Z-chv h¿≤n-°p-Itb D≈q. AXv Hcn-°epw ae-bm-fsØ Ah-a-Xn-°m≥Acp \n∂n-ń-√. sIm≠pw sImSpØpw c≠v kwkvIm-c-ß-fpsS apt∂-‰sØ klm-bn-°p-Itb sNbvXn-´p-≈q.

XuloZv kwc-£-W-Øns‚ t]cn¬ ame-∏m-´p-Iƒ _ln-jvI-cn-°-W-sa∂v ]d-bp-∂-h-tcmSv B ]m´p-I-fpsS kmlnXy aqeysØ amXwImWm≥ B_p D]-tZ-in-°p-∂p. ""-a-e-bmf mj-bn-ep≈ ]mNo\ sslµ-h-kvtXmX IrXn-I-fp-sSbpw ame-∏m- p-I-fp-sSbpw cN\m kº-Zm-b-Øn\pkmcq]yw ImWp-∂p-≠v. ]s£ AXv ]mNo\ tIc-f-Øns‚ Iem -kmw-kvIm-cnI cwK-ß-fn-se√mw ImW-s∏-Sp∂ kmcq]yw amX-am-Wv. apkvenw]≈n-I-fp-sSbpw Aº-e-ß-fp-sSbpw \n¿Ωn-Xn-bn-ep≈ kmay-X-t]m-se._mly-amb hyXym-k-ßƒ ImØp-kq-£n-°p-∂p-≠v'' F∂v \tΩmSv Xd-∏n®p ]d-bp∂ B_p Hcp henb `hn-jy-Øns\ ]‰n ap∂-dn-bn∏pw Xcp-∂p.""-tI-c-f-Ønse apkvenw kap-Zm-b-Øns‚ _p≤n-]-c-amb t\´-ß-fpsSIe-h-d-bmb Ad-_o-a-e-bmf kmln-Xy-Øn¬ \n∂pw AXnse kp]-[m-\-L-S-I-ß-fmb ame-∏m-´p-Isf _ln-jvI-cn-°p-hm≥ ap≥ssI-sø-Sp-Ø-h¿, Aßns\ sNbvX-Xv F¥ns‚ t]cn-em-bmepw icn, Xß-fpsSkml-kn-I-X-bnepw Ad-_o-a-e-bm-f-Øn\p kw -hn-∏m-\n-S-bp≈ \jvS-sØ-°p-dn®v Hm¿°m-Xn-cp-∂Xv Ahn-thI]c-amb I„-am-bn-t∏m-sb∂v ]d-bm-Xn-cp∂p IqSm. Fensb sIm√m≥ C√w-Np-Sm-h-X-√t√m''.

Xulo-Zns‚ ]m[m-\ysØ]‰n -\√t]mse t_m[-hm-\m-bn-cp∂pB_p. Ien-a-Øp-Øu-loZv Xs∂-bmWv am∏nf kmln-Xy-Øn-s‚-Po-h-s\∂pw Ckvemw aX-X-Xz-ßƒ ]N-cn-∏n-°p-Ibpw aXm-[njv-TnX Pohn-X-Øn∂v t]cW \¬Ip-I-bpam-bn-cp∂p Ad-_n-a-e-bmf kmln-Xy-Øns‚al-Ømb e£y-sa∂pw km£y-s∏-Sp-Øp∂ B_p `mj-bpsS lrZ-b-kv]-µ-\-ßƒ a\- n-em-°n-bn-ń-s√∂p Icp-Xm≥ hø. ]s£ ]ucm-Wn-I-Xz-Øn-ep≈ ISpw ]nSp-Ø-ß-sfm∂pw At±lw A¥yw hsc hnń-ń-√.""Ci-ep-Ifpw CuW-ßfpw hN-\-ßfpw Ae-¶m-c-ßfpw am∏nf kmln-Xy-Øns‚ N¥hpw K‘hpw Nm¿Øp∂ _mtlym-]m[nIƒ amX-am-Ip-∂p. Ah am∏nf kmln-Xy-Øns‚ e£-W-ß-f-√. Ci-ep-Itfm ]Z-ßtfm

B_p-hn-s‚ ho£-W-Øn¬, Ad-_oa-e-bm-f`mjbnse Km\-ßfpwImhy-ß-fpw hn-h¿Ø-\-ß-fpw N-cn-Xm-Jym-bn-I-Ifpw A¿∞kºp-jvS-am-b, ]Z-kw-kvImc kº-∂-amb hymI-cW \n_-≤-amb kmln-Xy-im-J-bmbn klr-Zb tIcfw a\- n-em-°p∂ Hcp Imew A\Xn-hn-Zq-c-a-√.iX-°-W-°n-\p≈ hrØ-ß-fmWv (C-i-ep-Iƒ) am∏n-f-∏m-ń-ep-≈-Xv. Xmf-]-[m-\-ß-fmb amXm hrØ-ß-fmWv GXm-s≠-√mw. hcpw Ime `mjmhnZym¿∞n-Iƒ°v KpW-I-c-am-hm≥ AsX√mw dn°m¿Uv sNbvXp kq£n-t°-≠-Xm-Wv. ]q¿Æm¿∞-Øn-ep≈ Hcp Ad-_oa-e-bm-f˛ ae-bmf \nL-≠phpw as‰mcp ]cymb \nL-≠phpw htc≠ Imew AXn-I-an-®p. e°-W \lvhp A-d-_oa-e-bmf \nL-≠p-hn¬ GXm≠v Ccp-\qdp ]Z-ßtfImWp-∂p-≈q. AXn¬ c≠m-bncw ]cymb i–-ßƒ ImWp∂p. _m°n-bp≈ ]Z-ßƒ IqSnt®cp-tºmƒ Ah-bpsS ]cymb i–-ß-fpw hfsch¿≤n-°m≥ km[y-X-bp-≠v. `mjm-K-th-j-I\mbn-cp∂ iqc-\m´vIp™≥]n-≈, Sn.Dss_-Zns\ Xncp-h-\-¥-]p-cØv hnfn-®p-h-cpØn\nL≠p \n¿Ωm-W-Øn¬ kl-I-cn-∏n®n-cp-∂p. am∏n-f-Km-\-ß-fpsS Bem-]\Ønepw H∏\ \rØ-ß-fpsS Ah-X-c-W-Ønepw C∂v F√m kap-Zm-b-°mcpw a’-cn-°p-∂p. H∏\, Nn-e-t∏mƒ \rØm-`m-khpw am∏n-f-Km-\-ßƒ,- \ne-hmcw Ipd™ kn-\nam Km\-ß-tf-°mƒ XmWXpambn amdn,irwKm-c-ck ][m\w amX-ambn A[x-]-Xn-°p-∂-Xns\ i‡n-bp‡wFXn¿Øp-sIm≠v thZn-I-fn¬ \n∂pw kZ- n¬ \n∂pw B_p Cd-ßn-t∏m-bn. A£-c-t«mIw t]mse sNm√n, Ipń-Iƒ a’-cn-°p∂ "]qt]®¬'Xntcm-`-hn-®n-cn°p-∂p. hnc-en-se-Æm-hp∂ Ci-ep-I-fnte ]pXnb am∏n-f-∏m-´p-Iƒ C∂v FgpX-s∏-Sp-∂p-≈q. _Zv¿ ]S-∏m-ńepw DlvZp ]mńepw_Zvdp¬ ap\o-dnepw Ci¬ sshhn-[y-ßƒ ImWmw. kµ¿`-ß-fpsShnImc XohX Ci-ep-Iƒ sIm≠v Af-°m-\m-hp-am-bn-cp-∂p. am∏n-f-∏m-ń-t\m-Sp≈ Iºw aqØv tImgn-t°m´v sdbn¬th t]meo-kn¬ Hmô-k-dm-bn-cp∂ F^v.-^m-k‰v -Xs‚ Iogn-ep≈ Hcp t]meokv DtZym-K-ÿs‚klm-b-tØmsS Ah Cw•o-jnte°v ]cn-`m-j-s∏-SpØnbXv Ncn-X-tc-J-I-fn¬ ImWmw. Bkzm-ZIkaq-l-Øn¬ hºn® kzm[o\w sNep-Ønblpkv-\p¬ Pam-en-∂pw _Zv¿ ]S-∏m-ń∂pw AØ-c-Ønep≈ Aw-Ko-Im-cw]g-b-Im-eØp Xs∂ Inń-bn-cp-∂p. Im¬]-\nI ]ÿm-\-Øn\v Ipam-c-\m-im≥ XpS°w Ipdn-°p-∂-Xn\p apºv Xs∂ tambn≥ Ipń sshZy¿AXv ]Nm-c-Øn¬ hcp-Øn-bn-cp-∂p. ]W-b- ]-c-h-i-bmb kvXo IYm-]m-X-ßsf Ipam-c-\m-im≥ kr„n-°p-∂-Xn∂v ap∏Xv sIm√-ßƒ°p apºvalm-Ihn tambn≥Ipń sshZy¿ tIc-fo-b¿°p ]cn-N-b-s∏-SpØn Ign-™n-cp-∂p. tIc-fob Ncn-XsØ B[m-c-am°n cNn-°-s∏´ "ae-∏pdw ]S-∏m´v' F∂ am∏n-f-Im-hyw FgpXn Zi-I-ßƒ Ign-™mWv D≈q-cns‚AtX -co-Xn-bn¬ cNn-°-s∏´ "Dam-tI-cfw' ]kn-≤o-I-cn-°s∏Sp-∂-Xv. am∏n-f-km-ln-Xy-Øn-epw -a-e-bm-f-Ønepw Htc t]mse Ah-Kmlw t\Snb

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78

\nd-™-XmWv NcnX kXy-ßƒ Bbn AXn¬ Dƒs°m-≈n-®n-´p-≈-sX∂pw AXv Xulo-Zn∂p \nc-°mØXm-sW∂pap≈ hmZ-ap-≠m-bn.Aßs\ Hcp ImeØv Xmtem-en® Ic-ßƒX-s∂, Ad-_n-a-e-bm-f-sa∂hf¿Øp-]p-Xnsb Xmsg-bn-Sp-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p. ae-bm-f-tØm-Sp≈ Akv]r-iyX Hgn-hm-t°-≠-Xm-sW∂p ]d™ k\m-D≈m a‡n Xß-fp-sSbpw -h°w A–p¬ JmZ¿ aue-hn-bp-sSbpw \nXm-¥-i-aß-tfmSv kl-I-cn-®p-sh-¶nepw kmlnXy kmc-Yn-I-fmb Dss_Zpw B_phpw Ad-_n-a-ebm-f -km-ln-Xy-Øns‚ \ne-\n¬]n-∂p-th≠n Bflm¿∞-ambn ]cn-i-an-®p. ]ucm-Wn-I-amb Hcp `mjbpw kmln-Xyhpw \in-®p-t]m-Ip-∂-Xn-em-bn-cp∂p Ah-cpsS tJZw. Ihnbpw Kmb-I-\p-am-bn-cp∂ Dss_-Zns‚hn]p-e-amb kulr-Z-_-‘-ß-fpw ]cn-j¬ ktΩ-f-\-ß-fnse ]¶m-fn-Ø-hpw sshIn-sb-¶nepw kmln-Xy-]-Xn-`-I-fpsS i≤-]n-Sn®p ]‰n B_pXs‚ cN-\-I-fn-eqsS C°mcyw \nc-¥cw Hm¿Ωn-∏n-®p. Ad-_n-a-e-bm-f-km-ln-Xy-Ønse Imthy-Xc imJsb∏‰n ae-bmf kmln-Xy-temIwAPvRX \Sn-®p-sh-¶nepw am∏n-f-∏m- p-I-sf AwKo-Icn°p-∂-Xn\v XpS°wIpdn-®Xv alm-Ihn D≈q-cm-bn-cp-∂p. Xs‚ tIcf kmln-Xy-N-cn-X-Øn¬At±lw am∏n-f-∏m-´p-Isf \mS≥ ]m´p-I-fpsS KW-Øn¬ s]Sp-Øn. ""ae-bmf kmlnXy NcnXw'' cNn® tUmIvS¿ eoem-h-Xn ""DØ-c-tI-c-f-Ønse\mS≥]m-´p-I-fn¬ _Zv¿ ]S-∏m´v apX-emb Nne am∏n-f-∏m-´p-Ifpw Dƒs∏-Sp-sa-∂p'' -am-X-amWv H‰-hm-°n¬ ]d-™-Xv. Ipń-Ir-jvWamcm¿ Xs‚]kn≤ IrXn-bmb hrØ-in¬]-Øns‚ aq∂mw ]Xn-∏n¬ hrØ-ßƒ°vDZm-l-cWw ImWn-°ptºmƒ lpkv-\p¬ Pamens‚bpw _Zv¿]-S-∏m-ń-s‚bpw Ci-ep-Iƒ Dƒs∏-Sp-Øn. kn.]n io[-c≥ A¬]w tcmjwsIm≠p-Xs∂ Dss_Zv kvac-Wn-I-bn¬ Fgp-Xn. ""]p≈p-h-∑m-cpw IWn-bm-∑m-cpw ]pe-b-∑mcpw a‰p -sNdnb hn`m-K-ßfpw ]mSn-h∂ ]m´p-Iƒt]mepw ae-bm-f-km-lnXy Ncn-X-Øns‚ mK-ambn Ign-™n-cp-∂p. F∂m¬]Øp ap∏Xp e£w hcp∂ am∏n-f-am¿ \q‰m-≠p-I-fmbn ]mSn-t∏m∂ Ad-_n-a-e-bmf ]m´p-Ifpw kmln-Xyhpw Al-ey--sb-t∏mse I√m-bn-°n-S-°p-I-bm-bn-cp-∂p.'' Ad-_oa-e-bm-f-Øn-em-bmepw am∏nf Km\-ßƒ \ne-\n¬°-W-sa∂ Imcy-Øn¬ B¿°pw A`n-]m-bm-¥-c-ap-≠m-bn-cp∂n-√.

Xe-ap-d-Ifmbn \ne-\n¬°p-∂Xpw `mjm-\n-b-a-ßƒt°m Oµ-»m-kvX-Ønt\m hg-ßm-Ø-h-bp-amb ]m´p-I-sf-bm-Wt√m \mS≥ ]m´pIfmbnKWn-°p-∂-Xv. F∂m¬ ]gb am∏n-f-∏m- p-I-fn-se√mw cN-bn-Xm-hns‚ t]¿,Imew, A®-Sn, A®p-Iq-S-Øns‚ t]¿, ]km-[-I-cpsS hnhcw F∂n-hsb√mw hy‡-ambn tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-cn-°p-∂p. Fgp-Ø-—\p apºp≈apln-bn-±o≥ ame-bn¬ t]mepw AXv cNn-®Xv In.-h¿jw 1607 emsW∂pwI¿Øm-hns‚ t]¿ Jmkn-ap-l-Ω-Zv F∂msW∂pw hy‡-am-°n-bn-´p-≠v.[mcmfw A\y`mjm ]Z-ß-fp-≈Xpw en]n Ad-_n-`m-j-bpsS cq]m-¥-c-

ssieo hnti-j-ßtfm Ckvemw aX][m-\-a-√mØ Hcp kmln-XysØam∏nf kmln-Xy-am-°p-I-bn-√. ap≥ ]d™ e£-W-bp-‡-ß-f-√mØkmlnXyw AXn-s‚ cq-]-hp-ambn FX-Xs∂ ASp-∏hpw kmZr-iy-hp-ap-≠m-bmepw am∏n-f-km-ln-Xy-a√''

am∏nf kmln-Xy-Ønse ]Z-ßƒ ]eXpw ]cn-jvI-cWa¿ln-°p-∂-h-bm-sW∂ hmZ-Øn\p apJ-hne t]mepw I¬]n-°cp-sX-∂mWv B_p]d-bp-∂-Xv. ]cn-jvI-c-W-a¿ln-°p-∂-h-bm-sW∂p ]cs° A`n-]m-b-ap≈]Z-ßsf Zp¿_-e-s∏-Sp-Øp-Itbm D]-tbmK iq\y-am-°p-Itbm sNøp-∂-Xn\p apºv B hI ]Z-ßƒ Hcp hnZKv[ `mjm-im-kvX⁄°Ωn-‰n-bpsS ]cn-tim-[-\-°pw A`n-]m-b-Øn\pw ka¿∏n-t°-≠n-bn-cn-°p-∂p. ""Hcp`mj-bn¬ \n∂v Hcp hm°v \in-®p-t]m-hp-I-sb-∂Xv ]e-t∏mgpw B mjssIImcyw sNbvX P\-X-bpsS kmwkvIm-cnI Ncn-X-Øns‚ Hcp `mKw\in-®p-t]m-hp-∂-Xn\v Xpey-am-bn-Øo¿t∂-°pw. Cw•o-jn¬ sa‰m-Xn-kokvF∂p ]d-bp∂ h¿Æ-hn-]-cybw am∏nf kmln-Xy-Ønse `qcn-]£w ]Z-ßƒ°pw _m[-I-am-bn-´p-≈-Xmbn ImWp-∂p-≠v. "AXn-i-bw', ""AivIyw''BbXv AXn-s∂m-cp-Zm-l-c-Wam-Ip∂p. Ad-_n-`m-j-sbm-gn-®p≈ CX-c-`m-j-I-fn¬ \n∂p ]Z-ßƒ kzoI-cn-°p-tºmƒ B ]Z-ßƒ°v am∏n-fXzw\¬Ins°m≠mWv kzoI-cn-°-s∏-ń-´p-≈-Xv. X∂n-anØw am∏n-f-km-lnXyØnse hm°p-Iƒ ]e \ne-bnepw Kth-jW ][m-\-ß-fm-sW∂kXysØ [n°-cn-®p-sIm≠v B[p-\oI ae-bmf `mj-bn-te°v B hI]Z-ßsf am‰p-Itbm \in-∏n-°p-Itbm sNø-W-sa∂v iTn-°p-∂Xv \oXn-]q¿∆-I-am-Ibn-√.''

]Zm-h-en-I-sf-∏-‰n-bp≈ B_p-hns‚ \nco-£-W-ßƒ°v ASn-h-c-bn-Sp-∂-XmWv ae-bm-f-I-hnXm kmln-Xy-N-cn-X-Øns‚ I¿Øm-hmb tUmŒ¿eoem-h-Xn-bpsS A`n-]mbw: ""]Zm-h-en-I-fpsS Ncn-X-sa-∂m¬ `mjmN-cn-Xw. At∏mƒ GXp IhnXm Ncn-X-Øn∂pw `qan-I-bmbn Hcp `mjm Ncn-X-ap-≠m-bn-cn-°pw. AXp tXSp-∂Xv ama-c-ß-fpsS thcp-Iƒ°p≈ A‰-ßƒ tXSpw t]mse-bmWv.''

]mNo-\-a-e-bmfw Xan-gn¬\n∂p ap‡-ambn kwkvIrX mj-bp-ambnssItIm¿Øv hf-sc-b-[nIw ]ptcm-KXn ssIh-cn-®-t∏mƒ Ad-_oa-e-bmfw \nt∂-S-Øp-\n-∂p. AXn¬ ]pXnb ]Zm-h-en-Iƒ ]nd-hn-sIm-≠n-√.]Z-kw-kvI-cW ]In-b-Ifpw \S-∂n-√. ]n¬°m-e-Øv.-kmw-kvIm-cn-I-\m-b-I-∑m-cpsS Blzm\w ihn®v apkvenw kap-Zmbw ae-bm-f-tØmSpw Cw•o-jn-t\m-Spap≈ Akv]riyX Hgn-hm-°m≥ Bcw- n-®-t∏mƒ sas√-sb-¶nepwAd_n ae-bmf en]n-I-tfm-Sp≈ Ah-K-W\ XpS-ßn. am∏n-f-Im-hy-ßƒXulo-Zn\p \nc-°mØ ]Xn-]m-Zy-ßƒ \nd-™-Xm-sW∂ ]N-c-Ww CuAh-K-W-\°p i‡n Iqń. am∏n-f-∏m-ńs‚ am[p-cy-tØ-°mƒ Ibv]p

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80

l-c-W-ß-fp-≠v. \n¿t±-iI hymI-c-W-sa∂p ]d-™m¬ `mjm hnj-b-ßsf hn`-Pn®v kw⁄-Isf \n¿∆-Nn-®v cq]\njv]-Øn ImWn®v ]tbm-K-ßsf hnh-cn-°p-I-sb-∂-Xm-Wv. D]-]m-ZI hymI-c-W-sa-∂m¬ \n¿t±-inIm hymI-c-W-Ønse hnj-b-ßsf bp‡n-bp‡w hnh-cn®v \ymbw]d-bpI F∂-Xm-Wv. ImenI hymI-c-W-sa-∂m¬ Hcp mj-bn¬ \S-∏p≈]Z-ßƒ, ]tbm-K-ßƒ apX-em-b-h-bpsS ap≥Ime \ne-I-sf-¥m-bn-cp-∂p-sh-∂pw, Ah-bn¬ G‰hpw ]g°w sN∂ \ne GXm-sW∂pw \n¿Æ-bn-°pI F∂-Xm-Wv. B\p-jw-KnI hymI-c-W-sa-∂m¬ ImenI hymI-cWw\n¿t±-in®p Xcp∂ AXn]mNo\ cq]-ßsf kPm-Xob `mj-bn-se,kam\ cq]-ß-fp-ambn Xń®p t\m°n kmaymkmay-ßsf ImWn®p Xcp∂hymI-c-W-am-W-Xv.

Ad_oae-bmfw GsX-¶nepw Hcp `mj-bpsS hymI-c-WsØ kzoI-cn-t°-≠-Xn-s√-∂mWv B_p-hns‚ ]£w. am∏nf kmlnXyw \√-t]mse]Tn®v AXn-∂n-t∂m-f-ap-≠m-bn-´p≈ hymI-cWKŸ-ßƒ A]-cym-]vX-am-sW∂p hcn-In¬ amXw ]pXnb hymI-cWKŸ-ßƒ cNn-°m-hp-∂-Xm-sW-∂mWv At±lw A`n-]m-b-s∏-´-Xv.

]Xn-\©mw \q‰m≠p hsc sFkvem‚n¬ \ne-hn-ep-≠m-bn-cp∂"tkKv' kmln-Xy-tØm-SmWv B_p am∏n-f-Im-hy-ßsf Xmc-X-ay-s∏-Sp-Øn-b-Xv. kvtI‚nt\hn-b≥ kaq-l-Øns‚ ]tXyI kmln-Xy-am-bn- m-bn-cp∂p-"tkKv' Adn-b-s∏- ncp∂-Xv. InkvXym-\n-Iƒ Ah-cpsS aXkwkvImcw ]N-cn-∏n-°p-hm≥ kpdn-bm\n "I¿tkm\n' I≠p-]n-Sn-®p. kwkvIr-X-Øns‚ aqi-bn¬ hm¿sØ-SpØ ]pcm-tW-Xn-lm-k-ß-fm-Wt√m Bcy-h¬°-c-W-Im-eØv ]Xy-£-s∏- -Xv? Ckvem-anI kwkvIm-c-Øns‚ kq£n-∏n-\mbn Ad-_oa-e-bm-fhpw ]nd-hn-sIm-≠p. e£-Zzo-]nse F√m hyh-lm-c-ßƒ°pap≈`mj-bm-bn-cp-∂p. AXv Imk¿tKm´pw Xe-t»-cn-bn-epw sImSp-ß-√q-cpws]m∂m-\n-bnepw Bep-h-bnepw sIm®n-bnepw B `mj B[n-]Xyw]pe¿Øn-bn-cp∂ Hcp Ime-hp-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂p.

D®m-cWw ae-bm-f-Øn-t‚Xv, ]Zm-h-en-Iƒ ]e-`m-j-bp-sS-Xpw. en]n,ae-bm-fo-I-cn® Ad-_n-bnepw. kmln-Xy-tØm-sSm∏w Iem-kmw-kvIm-cnIcwK-ß-fnepw AXv kzm[o\w sNep-Øn. CuW-ß-fn¬ AXv hyXy-kvXX]pe¿Øn. AXn∂v kp]-[m-\-amb Hcp e£y-ap-≠m-bn-cp∂psh∂pwB_p Is≠-Øp-∂p˛ CkvemanI ]t_m-[-\w. CXn∂p hyXn-bm\wkw`-hn-®Xv ASp-Ø-Im-eØv amX-am-Wv. "hyXn-bm-\sØ ]ptcm-K-a\w'F∂p hnfn-®p-IqSm F∂pw At±lw A`n-]m-b-s∏-Sp-∂p. CtX A`n-]m-b-a-s√-¶nepw Ihn Dss_Zv XXz-Øn¬ B_pthmSv tbmPn-®n-´p-≠v. Bh-iy-amb ]cn-jvIm-c-ßƒ hcp-Øp-∂-Xn\v Dss_Zv FXn-c-√m-bn-cp-∂p.Dss_-Zns‚ ]cn-ia êw IqSn-bmWv am∏n-f-∏m-´p-Isf Imhy-tI-cfwi≤n-°m≥ XpS-ßn-bXv B_p-hns‚ IrXn hmbn-®-tijw kplrØp

am-b-Xp-amWv Ad_oae-bm-fsØ Hcp ]tXyI `mj-bmbn KWn-°m≥Imc-Ww. AtX `mj ae-bmf en]n-bn-se-gpXn Sn∏Wn -tN¿°p-tºmƒF√m ae-bm-fn°pw Kmly-am-Ip-∂-Xp-sIm≠v ae-bmf `mj-bpsS `mK-am-sW∂pw hymJym-\n-°-s∏-Sp-∂p. am∏n-f-∏m- p-I-fpsS CuW-ßƒ°p ]e-Xn∂pw ae-bm-f-hr-Ø-ß-tfmSv kmay-X-bp-≠v. Ad_n CuW-ßƒ BWv,]m´p-Isf a[p-cßfm-°p-∂-Xnse Hcp LS-Iw. Nºp-°fp-sS-bpw cma-N-cn-X-Øn-s‚bpw `mjm-ssien ae-bm-f-sØ-°mƒ Xan-gn-t\mSv B`n-apJyw]pe¿Øp-∂-Xm-bn-cp-∂p. AXp-t]mse apln-bn-±o≥ ame-bnepw [mcmfwXan-gv]-Z-ßƒ ImWpw. ""cma-N-cn-X-Øn-se -c-≠p-h-cn-Iƒ D≤-cn-°p-∂Xv]mNo\ ae-bm-f-Øns‚ ]IrXw a\- n-em-°m-≥ D]-I-cn-°pw.

""XmcnSw aWw ]pW¿¥p Xcp-\nssc XS¥p ]mbv¥amcp-tX-h≥ h¥p hgn-bn-sX-‚-cp-fn-sN-bvXm≥''

Ad_n ae-bm-f-Ønse kwkvIr-X- X-an-gv -I¿Wm-SI]Z-ßfpwXØp-ey-amb ae-bmf ]Z-ßfpw i≤n®m¬ Aev] kzev]w hyXym-k-ap≈ At\-I-]-Z-ßsf Is≠-Øm-\mhpw.

kwkvIrXw Ad-_o-a-e-bmfwsFizcyw sFin-cnbwtIm[w sImtcmZw

Xangv Ad-_o-a-e-bmfwDXhn DZhnCº¿ Cº¿

I¿Æm-SIw Ad-_o-a-e-bmfw_oU¿ hoS¿AfpZv AfpZv

Aøm-bnc-tØmfw KŸ-k-º-Øp≈ Hcp `mjsb F¥n-∂-h-K-Wn-°-Ww. B `mj-bn¬, thZ-K-Ÿ-ß-fmb Jp¿-B-s‚bpw ss__n-fn-s‚bpw CXn-lm-k-amb cmam-b-W-Øn-s‚bpw hnh¿Ø-\-ßƒ h∂-Xm-Wv. temtIm¬]Øn apX¬°p≈ NcnXw ]d-bp∂ k^-e-am-ebpwsshZy-im-kvX-Øns‚ ASn-ÿm\ KŸ-amb ""A„mwKlrZ-b-''Øns‚hnh¿Ø-\hpw C_v\p-l-P¿ sslØ-an-bpsS I¿Ω-imkvX KŸ-ambXplv^-bpsS ]Øp hmey-ßfpw tN‰p-hmbv ]co-°p-ń-bpsS ""^pXp-lp»mw'' F∂ alm-Im-hyhpw At\Iw a‰p KŸ-ßfpw B `mj-bn¬e`y-am-Wv. Zo¿Ln-®p t]mIp-∂Xp sIm≠v IrXn-Iƒ FÆn-∏dbp-∂n-√.

hymI-c-Wm-[n-jvTn-X-a-√, Ad_n ae-bmf `mj F∂v Dd-∏n®p ]d-bm-\m-hn-√. \n¿t±iI hymI-c-W-Øn\pw D]-]m-Z-hym-I-c-W-Øn\pwImenI-hym-I-c-W-Øn-\pw B\p-jw-KnI hymI-c-W-Øn-\pw AXn¬ DZm-

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Hcmƒ°p amXta AØcw Hcp Kth-jWw km[y-am-Ip-am-bn-cp-∂p-≈q.Xn∫p\_n (-]-hm-NI sshZyw) X¿÷a sNbvXp-sIm-≠n-cp-∂-t∏mƒInÃv _lvcn F∂ Ddp-Zp-hm-Iy-Øns‚ A¿∞w In´m-Ø-Xp-sIm≠v F´p-am-k-tØmfw ]cn-`mj \n¿Øn-sh-t°-≠n-h-∂n-cp-∂p. am∏n-f-°hnbpwcknIkmam-´p-am-bn-cp∂ Ip™mbn≥ apkv-eym-cpsS I∏-∏m-ń\v HcphymJym\w cNn-°p-tºmƒ ]mbv°-∏-ens‚ LS-\m-hn-ti-j-ß-fpw ]Zy-Ønse Nne ]tbm-K-ß-sf-]-‰nbpw Ah-Kmlw t\tS-≠-Xp-≠m-bn-cp∂p.Xs‚ Hcp _‘p-hns‚ klm-btØmsS hS-I-c-°-Sp-Øp-≈ Hcp hµy-h-tbm-[nIs\ I≠p]nSn-®p. Abmsf Hcp Znhkw Xe-t»-cn-bn¬ Iqń-s°m-≠p-h-cn-Ibpw sNbvXncp∂p. Abm-fpsS hnemkw Adn-bmambncp∂_‘p-hns‚ A]-Xo-£nX acWw F√mw XInSw adn-®p. hµy-h-tbm-[n-Is‚ am∏n-f-∏m-ń-ep≈ ]mfinXyw A]m-c-am-bn-cp-∂p. Aßn-s\-bp≈Hcp hy‡nsb A¬]t\cw amXw ssIøn¬ Inń \jvS-s∏´p t]mb-Xn-ep≈ B_p-hn-s‚ -tJZw Hcn°epw Ah-km-\n-°m-Ø-Xpw. ]Xn-s\m∂mw\q‰m-≠n¬ cNn-°-s∏´ Nne Ad-_n-a-e-bmf KŸ-ßƒ hsc tiJ-cn-°m≥ B_p-hn\v Ign-™n-cp-∂p. mj kºp-jvS-am-°nb \_n-N-cnXhpwI¿Ω-imkvX KŸ-ßfpw sshZy-im-kvX- IrXnIfpw A]q¿∆-ambt]aImhy-ß-fpw hm\-im-kvX-K-Ÿ-ßfpw AXn¬ s]Sp-am-bn-cp-∂p.AXns‚sb√mw ]n≥_-e-Øn¬ tIc-f-bq-Wn-th-gvkn-‰n-bpsS Iogn¬Ad_n ae-bmf kmln-Xy-kw-_-‘-ambn Kth-jWw \S-Ønb P: sI.-_n.Fw lpssk≥,- Imen-°‰v bqWn-th-gvkn-‰n°v Iogn¬ Kth-jWw\S-Ønb Fw.-F≥.Imc-t»cn F∂n-h¿°v KWy-amb klmbw sNøm≥B_p-am-Ã¿°v Ign-™p. Ad-_n-a-e-bm-fsØ hymI-c-W kmln-Xy-hpap≈ kw]p-„-amb Hcp `mjbmbn Ah-X-cn-∏n-®-Xn-∂mWv B_p-am-Ã¿°v tIcf kwKoX \mSI A°m-Z-an-bpsS AwKo-Imcw Inń-b-Xv.hy‡n-Xm-ev]-cy-ßƒ hnK-Wn®v Cu kmXznI-\mb kmln-Xy-Im-c≥ Ad-_n-a-e-bm-f-Øns‚ D∂-a-\-Øn∂p th≠n D’m-ln-®p.

"Ad-_n-a-e-bmfw Hcp `mjm-ssh-Ir-X-am-bn-t∏mbn' F∂v Icp-Xp-∂-hcpw apkvenwIƒ AXv AwKo-I-cn-®Xv sX‰m-bn-t∏mbn F∂v ]cn-X-]n-°p-∂-hcpw \ap-°n-S-bn¬ D≠v. Ah¿ sI.-]n.-A-∏s‚ hm°p-Iƒ i≤n-°-s´.""-X-\n-°p-Xs∂ sXfn-™p-In-´mØ Imcy-ßƒ ]d-bm≥ ian-°ptºmgpw kz¥w Nn¥-bn-√mØ k¿§m-flI k¶o¿ÆX Ds≠∂phcpØnØo¿°m≥ IrXn-a-ambn Fgp-Xm≥ Xp\n-bp-tºmgpw Nne I]-S-cq-]-ßƒ D≠m-Ip-∂p.......''

IÆ-»-∏-Wn-°-∑m-cpsS ae-bm-f-hpw cma-N-cn-X-Ønse mjbpw mjm-ssh-Ir-X-ß-fmbn Bcpw hnti-jn-∏n-°m-dn-√. ae-bmf `mj A]q¿Æ-X-bn¬ \n∂v ]q¿Æ-X-bn-te-s°-Øn-bXv Fgp-Ø-—s‚ Ime-Øv am-X-am-bn-cp-∂p. kwkvIrXw ae-bm-f-Øn¬ Fgp-Xn-b-t]m-se-bm-bn-cp∂p aWn-

IqSn-bmb Dss_Zv Ab® IØv.

""......kkvt\lw Ab® ]pkvXIw ssI∏-‰n. \µn. B ]pkvXIwIøn¬ Inń-b-t∏mƒ Xs∂ H∂p adn®p t\m°n. kw£n-]vX-am-bn-s -¶nepw"Ad-_oa-e-bmf kmln-Xy-Øns‚ F√m hi-ßfpw \nßƒ kv]¿in-®n-´p-s≠∂p ImWp-∂-Xn¬ kt¥m-jn-°p-∂p. CtX-hsc B¿°pw km[n-®n-ń-√mØ Cu al¬ tkh\w \n¿∆-ln® \nß-tfmSv ae-bm-fn-Iƒs]mXp-shbpw am∏n-f-k-ap-Zmbw ]tXy-In®pw IS-s∏-ń-cn-°p-∂p.'' (3.12.70)

C∂p ImWn-°p∂ Xc-Øn-ep≈ Ad-_n-`mjm ]T-\-Øn-∂p≈D’mlw B_p Pohn-®n-cp∂ ImeØv apkvenwIƒ°p≠m-bn-cp-∂n-√. ae-bmf ]cn- m-j-Isf Bi-bn-®p≈ Jp¿-B≥ ]T-\-ß-fm-bn-cp∂p k¿∆-X.Ad-_n-a-e-bmf mj-tbm-Sp≈ _‘hpw Ab-™p-Xp-S-ßn-bn-cp-∂p. B_ptJZ-]q¿∆w Fgp-Xp-∂p: ""Ad-_p- m-j-tbm-sS∂ t]mse Xs∂ Ad-_n-a-e-bmf `mj-tbmSpw tIcf apkvenwIƒ°p-≠m-bn-cp∂ _‘w Ab-™p-Xp-S-ßn-bn-cn-°p-I-bm-sW-∂p-≈Xv tJZ-I-c-amb Hcp hkvXp-X-bm-Ip-∂p. Cu\yq\X ]cn-l-cnt® aXn-bm-Iq. Ct∏mƒ apkvenwIƒ s]mXpshssIImcyw sNbvXp-h-cp∂ ae-bmf `mj-bn-te°v am∏n-f-km-ln-Xy-Ønse][m\ KŸ-ßƒ ]eXpw hnh¿Ø\w sNtø-≠-Xp-≠v. ]t£ Ad_nA£-c-am-e-bnse 4,6,7,9,11,14,15,16,17,18,19,30,31 F∂o kYm\-ß-fn¬\n¬°p∂ A£-c-ß-fpsS D®m-c-W-ßsf ]Xn-\n-[o-I-cn-°m≥ ]cym-]vX-amb h¿Æ-ßƒ ae-bmf A£-c-am-e-bn-en-√. Cu \yq\-X°v DNn-X-amb]cn-lmcw ImWp-∂-Xn\p apºv Ad-_n-hm-°p-Iƒ ae-bmf en]n-bn¬ Fgp-Xn-Øp-S-ßm≥ Imńb hyKX A]-cm-[-am-bn-t∏mbn'' Hcp Kth-j-Is‚i–-amWv B_p ]e-t∏mgpw \sΩ tIƒ∏n-°m-dv. en]n ]cn-jvI-c-W-hp-ambn _‘-s∏ v B_p \S-Ønb ]cn-i-a-ßƒ G‰p-]n-Sn-®v "ssdt‰gvkveoKns‚' ]kn-U‚pw kmwkvIm-cnI \mb-I-\p-am-bn-cp∂ Sn.-]n.-Ipýmap -km-ln_v tIcf `mjm C≥Ãn-‰yqńeqsS Nne ia-ßƒ \S-Øn-bn-cp-∂p.C≥Ãn-‰yq- ns‚ B`n-ap-Jy-Øn¬ ]e hnZ-Kv[-∑mcpw ]s¶-SpØ N¿®-IfpwAsX-Øp-S¿∂v Hcp ]≤-Xnbpw cq]w sIm≠p. ]s£ AsX√mw `c-W-cw-KsØ NpI∏p \mS-bpsS \qem-am-e-Ifn¬ s]´p-t]m-bn.

B_p, am∏nf ae-bm-f-Øn¬ ]kn-≤o-I-cn® Bbn-c-Øn¬ ]cwKŸ-ßƒ tiJ-cn-°p-I-bpw Iodn-∏-dn™ KŸ-Øns‚ Ah-in-„-ßƒkq£va-ambn ]cntim-[n®pw Np°n-®p-fn™ KŸ-Øm-fp-Iƒ XtemSn\nh¿Ønbpw Iptd ]gb KŸ-ß-fp-ambn £am-]q¿∆w \nc-¥cw a√-Sn®pw am∏n-f-`m-j-bn¬ h∂p-s]´ Zmhn-U-a-≤y ]uckvXy `mjm k¶-e-\sØ ]‰n a\- n-em-°m≥ ian-®n-´p-≠v. BZn-a-Im-esØ am∏nf ae-bm-f-Øns‚ kz`mhw \√-t]mse a\- n-em-°p-Ibpw GsX√mw KŸ-ß-fn¬ B `mj D]-tbm-Kn-®n-´p-s≠∂v ]Tn-®-dn-bp-Ibpw sNbvXn-´p≈

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F∂ teJ-\-Øn¬ tUm: Fw.-Kw-Km-[-c≥ Cßs\ ]d-bp-∂p: ""hm°p-Isf D]-I-c-W-ß-fmbn D]-tbm-Kn-®mWv a\p-jy≥ X\n-°p-Np-‰p-ap≈hkvXp-]-]-©-sØ-∏‰n t_m[-hm-\m-b-Xv. Cu ]]-©-Øns‚ hnhn-[-h-i-ßsf kqNn-∏n-°m-\pw,-]-e-co-Xn-bn¬ kwtbm-Pn-∏n-®pw th¿Xn-cn®pw hyh-lm-cam-°m\pw Nn”-ß-fmb hm°p-Iƒ AS-ßp∂ `mj a\p-jys\klm-bn-®p.'' Ad_oae-bmfw Cßs\ klm-bn-®Xv Bdmw \q‰m≠vapX¬ Chn-tS°p h∂ CkvemanI kwkvIm-c-sØbpw \h-apkvenwI-sf-bp-am-bn-cp-∂p. ae-bm-f-Øn-emWv ]c-Iob ]Z-ßƒ A[nIw h∂XvF∂v kn.hn.` -Xn-cn-∏mSv A`n-]m-b-s∏- Xv Ad_oae-bm-fsØ ]‰n Adnhve`n-°m-ØXpsIm≠v amX-am-bn-cn°pw. ]c-Iob ]Z-ß-fpsS tLmj-bm-X-bmWv Cu \ho\ `mj-bn-ep-≠m-b-Xv.

Hcp Ime-L-´-Øn\v hn⁄m\w ]I-cp-Ibpw Hcp kaq-lsØtImƒa-bn¿ sIm-≈n-°p-Ibpw sNbvX Ad-_oa-e-bm-f-Ønse Imhy-ßƒcW-`q-hn-en-dßn c‡-km-£nXzw hcn-°m≥ t]cn-∏n® Hcp Imhy-]-ÿm-\-ambn Adn-b-s∏-Sp-∂p. _nójv kmam-Py-Xz-i-‡n-bpw AXn∂p apºvt]m¿Øp-Ko-kp-Imcpw Cu `mjsb \in-∏n-°m-\p≈ ia-ßƒ \S-Øn-bXv CXnse ]S-∏m-´p-I-fpsS amkva-cnI i‡n I≠pw tI´pw Adn-™-Xp-sIm-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. 1921 se el-f°m-eØv Ad_oae-bmf IrXn-IƒtXSn-∏n-Sn®v \in-∏n-°m-\p≈ ia-ßƒ Bkq-Xn-X-ambn \S-∂n-cp-∂p.

1868˛¬ _mk¬ anjy≥Im¿ Xe-t»-cn-bn¬ ÿm]n® A®p-Iq-S-Øn¬ \n∂p A®-Sn-hnZy ioen® Ip™l-ΩZv Fs∂m-cmƒ kz¥-ambnHcp ] v ÿm]n-®Xp apX-¬ Ad-_oa-e-bmf KŸ-ßƒ A®-Sn®p XpS-ßo-´p-≠v. ae-bm-f-Øn¬ Cµp-teJ ]kn-≤o-I-cn-°p-∂-Xn\p apºvAd_oae-bmf mj-bn¬ ""Nm¿ Z¿thiv'' F∂ t\mh¬ shfn®w I≠p.^m¿kn `mj-bn¬ \n∂p≈ hnh¿Ø-\-am-bn-cp∂p Cu IrXn. Ad-_o-a-e-bm-f-Øn¬ [mcmfw \nL-≠p-°ƒ cNn-°-s∏-ń-´p-≠v. Nm°ocn-bpsS]cymb \nL-≠p, X^vko¿ Pem-sse-\nsb Bi-bn-®p≈ Jp¿-B≥hnh¿Ø\w, C_v\p-l-P¿ sslØan-bpsS-""-Xplv^'' F∂ I¿Ω-imkvX-K-Ÿ-Øns‚ ]Øp-hm-fy-ßƒ˛ Ch Ad-_oa-e-bmf kmln-Xy-Ønse ¢mkn-°p-I-fm-Wv. ]mNo\ ae-bm-f-Ir-Xn-I-fn¬ `K-h-ZvKo-Xbpwcmam-b-W-hpw -`m-K-h-X-hp-amWv ]›m-Ø-e-am-hp-∂-Xv. aWn-]-hm-f-Øn¬sshin-I-X¥w XpS-ßn-b-hbpw. Nºp-°-fpsS ]Jym-]nX e£yhpw`‡n-bm-bn-cp-∂p. Cu kml-N-cy-Øn-emWv Ad-_oa-e-bmf `mj-bpsSAkvXnXzw A¿∞-h-Øm-hp-∂-Xv. \ncWw Ihn-Iƒ kzoI-cn-®Xv ae-bm-f-hpw X-angpw kwkvIr-Xhpw Ie¿∂ Hcp ani-`m-j-bm-bn-cp-∂p. \mS≥]m-´p-I-f-psS XpS¿®-sb-t∂mWw h∂ ""IrjvW-KmY'' Hcp P\-Iob IrXn-bmbn KWn-°-s∏-Sp-∂p. ""kmam-\y-ambn ]d-™m¬ IrjvW-Km-Y-bnse`mjm-inev]w aWn-]-hmfw, ]m´v,- \m-S≥]´v F∂o aq∂v kmln-Xy-[m-c-

]-hm-f-hpw. Fgp-Ø-—∂p apºp-Xs∂ D≠m-bn-cp∂ Ad-_oa-e-bm-f-`m-j-bnse GXm\pw ]Z-ßsf Nq≠n-]-d-bp-∂-h¿ kz¥w ]mc-ºcyw kuI-cy-]q¿∆w ad-°p-∂p. Aøm-bnctØmfw IrXn-Iƒ sIm≠v kº-∂-am-bn-cp∂ Hcp `mjsb AX-thKw Xg-tb-≠-Xpt≠m? t\csØ kqNn-∏n-®-t]mse ae-bm-f-Øns‚ AtX ioL-X-bn¬ Ad-_oa-e-bmfw hf¿∂n√F∂Xv Hcp hkvXp-X-bm-Wv. ]mtZ-inI ]Z-ßƒ D®-cn-°p-hm≥ Ad-_n-bn¬ kam-\-ß-fmb A£-c-ßƒ C√m-Xn-cn-°p-tºmƒ AXn-∂mbnAd_n A£-c-ß-fn¬ Bh-iy-amb ]cn-jvIm-c-ßƒ hcp-Øn-Øo¿Ø-XmWv Cu `mj-bpsS ]q¿∆-Ime Ncn-Xw. "tIm[w' "sImtcmZ'ambn]cn-h¿Øn-°-s∏-´Xv Hcp DZm-l-c-Ww. A\y-`mjm ]Zm-h-en-Iƒ°v ]h-ln-°m≥ ae¿s° hmXn¬ Xpd-∂n-´p- sIm-Sp-Ø-Xm-bmWv Ad-_o-a-e-bm-f-tØmSv ASp-°p-tºmƒ \mw ImWp-I. ae-bm-f-Øn-se∂ t]mse Ad-_oa-e-bm-f-Ønepw Xan-gnse ssien-Ifpw ]tbm-K-ßfpw A[n-I-am--bp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. hneyw-tem-K≥ tcJ-s∏-Sp-Ønb am∏n-f-s∏-Æp-ßƒ ""XØ-]mSpw t]mse'' ]mSn-t°- Xv am∏n-f-∏m- nse Cuc-Sn-I-fm-bn-cn-°-Ww. F√mNp≠nepw Hcp ImeØv am∏n-f-∏m-ńs‚ am[pcyw Dudn-bn-cp-∂p˛ ]tXy-In®pw h\n-Xm-hn-`m-K-Øn-s‚.

]q¿∆-Im-esØ A£-cm-`ym-k-hpw hn⁄m\ kºm-Z-\hpw Ad-_oa-e-bm-f-Øn-em-bn-t∏m-bXv Ip‰-I-c-am-hp-∂n-√. ae-bm-f- m-jsb ]cn-jvI-cn-∏m-\p≈ `Ko-cY ia-ß-sfm∂pw Ad-_n-a-e-bm-f-Øns‚ cwK-]-th-i-\-Øn\p th≠n-bn-cp-∂n-√. ]th-in-®-t∏m-gm-Is´ AXv ]oen-hn-S¿Øn BSn.At∏mƒ AXns‚ kuIp-am-cy-hpw ku-µ-cyhpw FX-bm-bn-cp∂p! BZ-c-hp-Iƒ A\m-Z-c-hp-I-fm-bn, Aew-`m-hhpw Ah-K-W-\-bp-ambn amdn-Øo¿∂-t∏mƒ \ap-°m¿°pw AXv th≠m-Ø-Xp-ambn! AXtbbp-≈q.

]Xn-\mdmw \q‰m-≠ns‚ a[y-Im-eØv amX-amWv aWn-]-hm-f-Im-hy-ßƒ ]Xy-£-s∏- -Xv. AXn-∂p-apºv Xs∂ Ad-_o-a-e-bmf kmlnXyw\ne-hn¬ h∂n-cp-∂p. AXnse ]g-b-]m-´p-Iƒ C∂v an°-hmdpw ad™p-\n¬°p-I-bm-Wv. hs -gp-Øn-s‚bpw tImse-gp-Øn-s‚bpw ImesØ mjmktlm-Z-cn-sb∂ \ne°pw Ad-_oa-e-bm-f-Øn\v ]g-b-Im-eØv ÿm\-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. Ad-_oa-e-bm-f-Øn¬ h¿Æ-ßƒ h¿≤n-°p-Ibpw Ad-_n, t]¿jy≥,- I-∂-S, Xan-gv,- kw-kvIr-X-]-Z-ßƒ ÿm\w ]nSn-°p-IbpwsNbvXXv c≠mw L´-Øn-em-Wv. Hcp kºq¿Æ `mj-bpsS hf¿®bmWvAtXmsS kw`-hn-®-Xv. ]S-∏m-´v, In -∏m-´v, sI p]m-´v, IØp-]m-´v, -D¿Zn-∏m-´v, -a-Zvlv]m-´v, -Io¿Ø-\ßƒ,- am-e-∏m-´v,- I-eym-W-∏m-´v F-∂n-ßs\ ]eD]-hn-`m-K-ß-fp-ap-≠m-bn. Chbv°v LS\msshin-„y-hpw Ae-¶mc `wKn-bp-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. Ieym-W-∏m-ń¬Xs∂ ssaem-©n-∏m-´v, H∏-\-∏m-´v,- A-Ωm-bn-∏m´v F∂o D]-im-J-I-fp-≠v. DØ-tc-¥y-bn¬ D¿Zp F]-Im-ctamA]-Im-c-am-bn-cp∂p tIc-f-°-c-bn¬ Ad-_oa-e-bmfw. "Ihnbpw mjbpw'

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cp∂ Hcp hy‡n-bmbn IqSn-bmWv Adn-b-s∏-´Xv. Xs‚ Xs∂ Nne \nK-a-\-ßƒ am‰n-∏-d-bm≥ At±lw aSn-Im-Wn-®n-cp-∂n-√. kô-\-∏m-´p-I-sf-∏-‰n-bp≈ Kth-jWw ""Ad-_n-a-e-bmf kmlnXy Ncn-X-Øn-\pa-∏pdwAt±lw sIm≠p-t]mbn-. ""alm-\mb Ip™m-b≥ apkv-eym¿ cNn® ""I∏-∏m´v'' F∂ IrXn°ptijw Fgp-X-s∏´ Ad-_n-a-e-bmf ]Zy-Ir-Xn-Iƒkô-\-∏m-´p-Iƒ F∂ t]cn¬ Adn-b-s∏´p'' F∂v Ad-_oa-e-bm-f-km-lnXyNcn-X-Øn¬ Rm≥ ]d-™Xv ChnsS Xncp-Øp-I-bm-Wv. B ]pkvX-I-Ønse Nne hkvXp-X-Iƒ Cu ]pkvX-I-Øn¬ hni-Zo-I-cn-°p-tºmƒNne Xncp-Øp-Iƒ Bh-iy-ambn h∂n-´p-≠v.'' ]kn-≤o-I-cn-°m≥ th≠nFgpXn A]q¿Æ-ambn sh®n-´p≈ "kô\∏m´p-I-fpsS e£Ww' F∂KŸ-Øn-emWv Cßs\ ImWp-∂-Xv. At±lw XpS-cp-∂p. ""hy‡n-lr-Z-b-ßsf ckn-∏n-°p-I-bpw,-]-hn-Xo-I-cn®pw Bflobt_m[hpw [¿Ω-Nn-¥bpw D±o-]n-∏n®pw Pohn-XsØ If-¶-c-ln-X-ambpw tkmt±iy-]q¿Æ-ambpw \bn-°p-hm≥ t]cn-∏n-°pI F∂-XmWv kô\∏m´p-I-fpsS Dt±-iyw. Cu Dt±-iysØ adn-I-S-°p∂ IrXn-Iƒ Ad-_o-a-e-bm-f-Øn¬ Fgp-X-s∏-´mepw GXp coXn-bn¬ Fgp-X-s∏-´mepw GXv sskkv IS-em-kn¬teJ\w (ap-Z-Ww) sNø-s∏-´mepw kô-\-∏m-´p-I-fm-hp-I-bn-√. hy‡-ambn∏d-™m¬ \mtSm-Sn-∏m-´p-I-fn¬ NneXv ae-bm-f-km-ln-Xy-Øn¬Dƒs∏-Sp-Øm≥ ]‰mØhbmbn \n¬°p-∂Xp t]mse am∏n-f-∏m-´p-IƒF∂ t]cn¬ cNn-°-s∏-Sp∂ Nne-Km-\-ßƒ kô\∏m-´p-I-fn¬ s]Sp-Øm≥ ]‰m-Ø-h-bmbn \n¬°p-∂p-≠v.'' am∏n-f-∏m-ńs‚ ]cn-ip≤\mawkô-\-∏m- p-I-sf-∂m-°Ww F∂m-bn-cp∂p B_p-hns‚ BK-lw. tIcfkwKoX \mSI A°m-Zan \¬Inb Ahm¿Un\v \µn-]-Im-in∏n-®p-sIm≠vCu A`n-]mbw Xs‚ adp-]Sn ]kw-K-Øn¬ sIm®n-bnse Xpd∂ thZn-bn¬ Ad_oae-bmf `mj-bpsS B Imh¬`-S≥ ]Jym-]n-®p.

Imk¿tKms´ Dss_-Zn-s‚bpw ]p∂-bq¿Ip-fsØ _m∏p-hn-s‚bpwXe-t»-cn-bnse B_p-hn-s‚bpw \ncym-W-tØmsS am∏n-f-∏m- ns‚ h¿Æi-_-f-amb Xqh-ep-Iƒ sImgn™p-t]m-bn. B_p apJy-ambpw ssIsh®Xv]ucm-Wn-I-amb am∏n-f-∏m- p-I-fnepw KZykmln-XyIrXn-I-fnepam-bn-cp-∂p.alm-Ihn tambn≥Ipń sshZy-cpsS IrXn-I-fpsS ]p\x-]-Im-i-\-Øn-eq-sSbpw kvamc-I-\n¿Ωm-W-Øn-eqsSbpw ImWp∂ DW¿∆v am∏n-f-∏m-´p-I-fpsS aq∂v ap≥ kmc-Yn-I-fp-sSbpw Bflm-hns\ kt¥m-jn-∏n-°p-am-bn-cn-°pw.

***** ***** *****

I-fp-sSbpw kwtbm-P-\-Øn¬ \n∂pbn¿sIm≠ \qX-\-amb Hcp cq]kwhn-[m-\-am-Ip-∂p. AXv Htc kabw ]g-b-Xns‚ kzm`m-hn-I-ambXpS¿®bpw hy‡-amb sshe-£Ww ]pe¿Øp∂ hyXy-kvX-am-sbmcpImhy-]m-c-º-cy-Øns‚ \hm-h-Xm-chp-am-Wv. sNdp-t»cn ]pXnb ae-bmfwkr„n-®p-sh-∂√ C∏-d-™-Xn∂¿∞w. 14 Dw 15 Dw iX-I-ß-fn¬ "‚'cq]-ßƒ \nd-™-a-Wn-]-hmf Ihn-X-Ifpw `mjm-ani-amb \ncWw IrXn-Ifpw P\n® Ime-Øp-Xs∂ \√ ae-bm-f-Øn-ep≈ cN-\-Iƒ hS-°≥Zn°p-I-fn-ep-≠m-bn-´p-≠v.'' (Nm-Ø-\mØv ANyp-X-\p-Æn)

Ad-_oa-e-bm-f-Øn¬ kwkvIrX ]Z-ßƒ Fgp-Xp-tºmƒ en]n ]cn-anXnaqew A\p-tbm-Py-amb am‰w hcp-Øn-b-Xn-∂p-Zm-l-c-W-amWv."sImtcmZw'. "tIm[w' sX‰n-®p-®-cn-®-XmWv "sImtcmZw' F∂ hymJym\wicn-b-√. hmbvsamgn sX‰n-t∏m-b-Xm-sW∂p kwi-bn®p t]mIp∂ ]e]Z-ßfpw IrjvW-Km-Y-bn-ep-≠v. H∆msX (H-°m-sX) Hm¿® (Hm¿a) CS-ßm-dv(-X-S- w) Iq‰v (i-–w) tXmenbw (tXm¬hn) sNdp-t»-cn-bpsS Nne]tbm-K-ßƒ kw`-hn-®Xv A\-h-[m-\X aqe-amWv F∂v D≈q¿ A`n-]m-b-s∏-ń-´p-ap≠v.

Ad_oae-bmf `mj-bnse hymI-cWw A\yq\a√m-bn-cn-°mw.]t£ ""Hcp ani-`m-j-bn¬ kw`-hn-°m-hp∂ \yq\-X-Isf s]cp-∏n®pImt´-≠-Xn-√. hymI-c-W-Øn¬ ]mfin-Xy-ap-≈-h¿ HØp-tN¿∂v ]cn-l-cn-t°≠ ]iv\-am-W-Xv. IrjvW-Km-Y-bn¬ ImWp∂ hymI-c-W-ßƒhymI-c-W]-c-amb khn-ti-j-X-I-fmtb `mjm-im-kvX-PvR≥am¿ ]d-bp-∂p-≈q˛ D≈q-cn-s\-t]m-ep-≈-h¿ AwKo-I-cn-°p-∂n-s√-¶nepw'' (Imhy`mj-bnse ]iv\-ßƒ˛ (-t]Pv 135) B_p ]d-bp-∂Xpw Hcn-°¬IqSn i≤n-°p-I. ""am∏n-f-km-lnXyw ]Tn-°p-Ibpw AXn∂v Ct∂m-f-ap-≠m-bn-´p≈hymI-c-W-K-Ÿ-ßƒ A]-cym-]vX-am-sW∂v hcp∂ ]£w Hcp hymI-cW KŸw cNn-°p-I-bp-am-Wm-hiy-w.

""cma-Ncn-X-Øn¬ ImWp-∂-Xp-t]mse kºq¿Æ-In-bm-i-–m-¥y-ambn "Øp' Ad-_n-a-e-bm-f-Ønepw [mcm-f-ambn D]-tbm-Kn®p ImWm-dp-≠v. kmt¶-XnI ]T-\-Øn∂p hnt[-b-am-°n-b-h¿ Ad-_n-a-e-bm-f-Øn\vc≠v eLphymI-c-W-ßƒ Xøm-dm-°n-bn-´p≠v. am‰-Øn-cp-Ø-ep-I-fn-√msX\n¬°p-∂Xv kwkvIrX hymI-c-W-am-Wv.'' ^mZ¿ tPm¨ Ip∂-∏-≈n-bpsS "i–-ku-`Kw' F∂ hymI-c-W-K-Ÿ-Øns‚ Ah-Xm-cn-I-bn¬ sI.-hn.-B¿.ss] ]d-bp-∂p: ""hf¿∂p-sIm-≠n-cn-°p∂ `mj-bpsS hymI-cW-Øn∂p IqsS-°qsS ]cn-jvI-cn® ]Xn-∏p-Iƒ D≠m-ImsX hø. kwkvIr-XsØ t]mse an°-hmdpw \n›-e-am-bn-cn-°p∂ `mj-Iƒ°v "A„m-[ymbn' t]mse ÿnc-amb hymI-cWw aXnbm-bn-cn-°-Ww.''

Ad-_n-a-e-bm-f-`m-j-bpsS AXn-i-‡-amb h‡m-°-fn¬ Hcm-fmbH.B_p B `mj-bn¬ \nc-¥-c-amb Kth-j-W-ßƒ \S-Øn-s°m-≠n-

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Xembv am°q´w kvIqfn-epw s]m∂yw am∏nf kvIqfnepw ]Tn-∏n-®Xp sIm≠mWv bphm-hm-bn-cn-°p-tºmƒ Xs∂ B_p-hn\v "amÃ¿' ]´wInń-b-Xv. Hcp ]c-ky-Øn¬ BIr-„-\mbn A≤ym-]\w \n¿Øn anen-´dnk¿∆o-kn¬ tN¿∂p. Zqsc Nn‰tKm-ßn-em-bn-cp∂p \n-b-a\w Inń-b-Xv.amk-ßƒ Ign-™-t∏mƒ anen-´dn Hmô-knse tPmen aSpØv cmPn-sh-®p. \mń¬ Xncn-s®-Øn-b- tijw tUmŒ¿ temly-bpsS Blzm\wtI´mWv D∏p-k-Xy-K-l-Øn\p ]pd-s∏-´-Xv. tkmjy-enÃv ]X-amb ]uc-[z-\n-bn¬ Fgp-Xn-Øp-S-ßp-Ibpw ]X-Øns‚ amt\-P¿ ÿm\w hln-°p-Ibpw sNbvXp. aq¿t°mØv Ipam-c-\p-am-bp≈ ASp∏w io\m-cm-bWktµiw ]Tn-°m≥ Ah-kcw \¬In. kmaq-ly-cw-K-sØ-∂-t]mse Xs∂A°m-eØv kmln-Xy-Ønepw io\m-cm-bW ktµ-i-Øns‚ Iml-f-[z\napg-ßn-bn-cp-∂p. 1936˛¬ B_p cNn® BZysØ Ihn-X-bpsS t]cpw"Fs‚ Kpcp'-sh-∂m-bn-cp-∂p. AtXmsS Xs‚ cwKw KZy-c-N-\bpw Ihn-X-sb-gpØpw ]X-]-h¿Ø-\-hp-am-sW∂ Xncn-®-dn-hp-ap≠m-bn. PohnXImewapgp-h≥ Fgp-Øn¬ ASn-bp-d®p \n¬°p-Ibpw sNbvXp. B_p-hns‚Xqen-I-bpsS ]n¥pW In´m≥ F√m cmjvSob ]m¿ńIfpw BK-ln-®p.B IcpØv kap-Zm-b-Øns‚ kwkvI-c-W-Øn-\pw kaq-l-Øns‚Dbn¿sØ-gp-t\¬]n∂pw th≠n D]-tbm-K-s∏-Sp-Øm-\mWv B_p Xocp-am-\n-®-Xv. io\mcm-b-W-kwLw am‰w hcp-Øm≥ BK-ln-°p∂ NneA\m-N-mc--ßƒ Xs‚ kap-Zm-b-Ønepw A≈n-∏n-Sn-®n-cn-°p-∂p-sh∂t_m[w At±-l-Øn¬ DW¿∂p. kvXo[\ kº-Zm-b-Øn-∂pw, ImXp-IpØv Ieym-W-Øn\pw am¿°-°-eym-W-Øn\pw FXnsc i‡-ambn Xncn-™p. AtX-∏‰n Iptd cN-\-Iƒ \S-Øn. ""ldm-ans‚ a°ƒ'' F∂kwKoX \mSIw cNn-®-Xn∂v ]e FXn¿∏p-Ifpw kap-Zm-b-Øn¬ \n∂p-b¿∂p. ]s£ AXv Ac-tß-dnb Xe-t»-cn-bnepw IÆq-cnepw Bfp-Iƒ\mS-I-Øns‚ bYm¿∞ ktµiw Xncn-®-dn-™p. sI.-Sn.-ap-l-Ω-Zns‚ "CXp`qan-bmWv' F∂ \mS-I-hpw ]n.-F≥.Fw Ben-t°m-b-bpsS "hºØo\obmWv s]Æpw' Ac-tß-dp-∂-Xn\p hfsc apºv sNdp-X-√mØ Ne\wkr„n-°m≥ "ldmans‚ a°ƒ'°pw' Ign-™n-cp-∂p. h©n-∏m´v coXn-bn¬cNn® \mS-I-Ønse Hcp Km\w hfsc t]m∏p-e-dm-bn-cp-∂p.

""Imip-]Ww Imip-]Ww kap-Zmbw apSn-°p∂\mi-Im-co, alm-amco \in-®nt√ \oFX-sb-X-tbmjamsc I-c-bn®p \oCX-fp-Iƒ hncnbpw apsº--X-sb-X-]q-sam-´p-IƒCdp-Øtlm \ne-Øn´p Icn-®nt√ \o''

Cu hcn-Iƒ FgpXn Zi-I-ßƒ Ign-bp-∂-Xn\p ap≥]v bmYm¿∞-Øn-ep≈ Hcp Hfn-t®m´ \mSIw Xe-t»-cn-bn¬ Ac-tß-dn. apIpµv Sm°o-kn∂p kao-]-ap≈ D∂X Xd-hm-ń¬ \n∂p Hcp apkvenw s]Ïpń

ssZ\y-X-bpsS hS-t°-b‰w

CJv_m¬ Ihn-X-I-sf-]‰n Bg-Øn¬ ]Tn-°p-Ibpw a\\w sNøp-Ibpw B alm-I-hn-bpsS H∂n-e-[nIw cN-\-Iƒ ae-bm-f-Ønte°vhnh¿Ø\w sNøp-Ibpw sNbvX c≠p ]apJ KZy-Im-c-∑m¿ tIc-f-Øns‚ sX°pw hS°pw Pohn-®n- p-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. ]c-hq-cn¬ h°w A–p¬JmZ-dpw Xe-t»-cn-bn¬ H.-B-_p-hpw. c≠p-t]-cp-sSbpw Pohn-X-Øn¬ Hcp]mSv kmay-X-Iƒ I≠n-cp-∂p. Ccp-hcpw ]kw-K-th-Zn-Iƒ Hgn-hm°n KŸ-c-N-\-I-fn¬ apgp-In. XpS-°-Øn¬ c≠p-t]cpw ]X-]-h¿Ø-\-Øn-em-Wvi≤n®n-cp-∂-Xv. c≠p sshZy-∑m-cm-bn-cp∂p c≠p-t]¿°pw kmº-ØnIklm-bhpw a‰pw sNbvXp-sIm-Sp-Ø-Xv. h°-Øn\v tXmakv sshZycpwB_p-hn\v ae-bmf ^m¿akn sshZy¿ Fw.-hn. apl-Ω-Zpw, alm-c-Y-∑m-cmb tIkcn _me-Ir-jvW-∏n≈ h°w A–p¬ JmZdn∂pw aq¿t°mØvIpam-c≥ H. B_p-hn∂pw am¿§-Z¿in-I-fm-bn. a-c-W-hp-ambn a√n´p Pohn-°p-tºmgpw A_vZp¬ JmZdpw -B-_phpw Xß-fpsS NnIn-’-°p-th≠n^≠v ti-J-cn-°p-∂-Xns\ FXn¿Øp. h°w Hcp NnIn-’bpw ths≠∂p]d™ hy‡n-bm-bn-cp-∂p. B_p, Xs∂ NnIn-’n® tUmŒ¿ tPmkn-t\mSv Xam-i-cq-]-Øn¬ tNmZn-®p. ""tUmŒ¿, Xm¶ƒ F∂n¬\n∂p okvhmßm-ØXv Fs‚ tcmK-ßƒ amdp-I-bn-s√∂p Xo¿®-bm-°n-bXp sIm≠m-bn-cn-°pw At√?'' tPmkv tUmŒ¿ Cu ]cm-a¿i-Øn-\p-tijw Xs‚tcmKn-bpsS Bizm-khpw Bfl-hn-izm-khpw ap≥\n-dpØn ôkv kzoI-cn-®p-Xp-Sßn. c≠p-t]cpw Adp-]-Øn-\memw hb- n-emWv Ime-KXn ]m]n-®Xv.

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90

Wnsb ]‰nbpw Fgp-Xn-b-sX√mw B_p-hns‚ Bflm-hns‚ ]Yy-ambBlm-c-am-bn-cp-∂t√m.

tIc-f-Øns‚ sX°p≈ Fgp-Øp-Im¿ Ft∏mgpw `mKy-hm≥am-cm-bn-cp-∂p. Ahsc i≤n-°m≥ Gsd t]¿ ImWpw. B_p hSt° aqe-bmb Xe-t»-cn-bn¬ Npcp-≠p-Iq-Sm≥ hn[n-°-s∏-´-h-\m-bn-cp-∂p. A[ym-]-\w, ssk\n-I-tk-h-\w, ]X-]-h¿Ø-\w, KŸ-c-N-\ F∂o cwK-ß-fn¬`mKy-]-co-£Ww \S-Ønb At±-l-Øn\v Inńb hcp-am\w Ft∏mgpwXp—-am-bn-cp-∂p. tIµ kmlnXy A°m-Z-an-bpsS s]≥j≥ XpI sNdnbBizmkw \¬In. Xs‚ \mev]Xv IrXn-I-fn¬ H∂p-t]mepw kq£n-®p-sh-°m-Xn-cp-∂Xv tIh-e-amb A\mÿ sIm≠m-bn-cp-∂n-√. kmº-Øn-I-amb ]tXyI Ah-ÿm-hn-tijw sIm≠m-b-ncp-∂p. Inńb Ah-km-\sØtIm∏n t]mepw Hmtcmtcm ]Xn-k-‘n-bn¬ s]´v hn‰p-t]m-Ipw. B_pPohn-°m≥ NI-izmkw hen-°p-tºmƒ Nne ]km-[-I¿ ASp-Øp-h-∂Xv-Um-°pfsb t]mse-bm-bn-cp-∂p. acn-®n-´pw, ih-Øn¬ IpØp∂ Igp-I≥amsc t]mse At±-l-Øns‚ IpSpw-_sØ Ah¿ h´-an-´p. Hcn-°¬AXy-]q¿∆-amb Hcp KŸw B_p-hns‚ ]°¬ I≠ Hcp ]-km-[-I≥ AXns‚ hne-b-t\z-jn-®p. amÃ¿ ]e Hgn-hp-I-gn-hp-Iƒ ]d-™n´pwAbmƒ ]n∑m-dn-bn-√. At∏mƒ bYm¿∞ hne-bpsS Ccń ]d-™p. ]km-[-I≥ B KŸ-Øns‚ A]q¿∆X a\- n-em°n amÃ¿ ]d™ hneIoi-bn¬ \ns∂-SpØp sImSp-Øp. B_pkmln_v H∂pw ]d-bm-\m-hmsX Abm-fpsS apJ-tØ°v Zb-\obambn t\m°n. amÃ-dpsS Hcp-ØakplrØv AhnsS sh®p-t]m-b-Xm-bn-cp∂p B Aaqey KŸw.Ipd®p Znhkw Ign™v kplrØv h∂p Xnc-°n-b-t∏mƒ amÃ-dpsSAhÿ IqSp-X¬ Zb-\o-b-am-bn. H∂pw ]d-bm-\m-hmsX Xe-Ip-\n-®n-cp-∂-t∏mƒ -kp-lr-Øns‚ a´p amdn. hm°p-Iƒ k`y-X-bpsS AXn¿hn-´p-Xp -S -ßn-b-t∏mƒ, - amÃ-dpsS IÆn¬ \n∂v c≠n‰p NpSpIÆo¿am∏nfkmln-Xy-°q-ºm-c-Øn¬ h∂p ]Xn-®p. AtXmsS amÃ¿°p \„-s∏-´Xv A]q¿∆-amb Hcp KŸhpw Hcp Nnc-Ime kplr-Øns\bpam-bn-cp-∂p.!

amÃ-dpsS Ignhpw Adnhpw a\- n-em°n klmb kl-I-c-W-ßƒsNbvXp-sIm-Sp-Ø-h-cm-bn-cp∂p Ncn-X-Im-c-∑m-cmb ]n.-F.-sk-bvXp- ap-l-ΩZpw tUmŒ¿ kn.-sI.-I-co-apw. Xß-fpsS NcnX]c-amb ZuXyw sNdnbańse¶nepw sNbvXpsh∂ Nmcn-Xm¿∞yw Ah¿°p-ap-≠m-hpw. skbvXpapl-ΩZv ]e-t∏mgpw kwkvIrXØnem-bn-cn°pw amÃ-dp-ambn kwkm-cn-°p-I. Icow Cw•o-jnepw. aq¿t°mØv Ipam-c≥, Xncp-ap-JØv Ip™n-cm-a≥ sshZy¿, Sn.kn ]Wn-°¿,- H-tX-\≥ Kpcn-°ƒ- -C-h-cn¬ \n∂v amÃ¿kwkvIrXw ]Tn-®n-cp∂psh∂v -A-t±-l-Øns‚ Bfl-kp-lrØv tIm´pfn

Aapkvenw bphm-hns‚ IqsS Hfn-t®m-Sn-t∏m-bn. ""CX-fp-Iƒ hncnbpw apsºHcp at\m-lc ]pjv]w IqSn \neØv hoWp Nhpń saXn-°s∏´p''. "`mKy-e-£van'-bm-bn-Øo¿∂ ]kvXpX s]Ïp-ń°v `mhn-bn¬ kw`-hn-°m-hp∂ hn]-Øp-Iƒ mh-\-bn¬ I≠p-sIm≠v B_p amÃ¿ cNn® sIm®pt\mh¬-˛ Hfn-t®m-Snb s]Æv FXtbm t]sc Ic-bn-®p. Ic-bn-∏n-°p-I-bpw, Nn¥n-∏n°p-Ibpw sNøp∂ Iptd IYm-]m-X-ßƒ AXnep≠m-bn-cp-∂p. XpS¿∂v amÃ-dpsS hI, kap-Zmb t\Xr-Xz-Øn\p t\sc hnc¬Nq≠p∂ Hcp Ihn-Xbpw ]Xy£-s∏-´p.

""tXt\m IpSn-°q-√ IpSn-∏n-°q√Zot\m \S-Øq√ \S-Øn-°q√\otbm acn-°q√ acn-∏n-°q√Xotbm sISp-Øq√ sISp-Øn-°q√''

FXn¿∏pIsf hI-sh-°msX kmaq-ly-\-∑°p th≠n XqenI Nen-∏n® B_p lrZvc‡-Øn¬ ap°n-bmWv -Nne hcn-Iƒ°v Poh≥ \¬In-b-Xv. temly-bp-sSbpw tIi-h-tZ-hn-s‚-bpw s]m≥Ip∂w h¿°n-bp-sSbpwAtX kzcw Xs∂bmbn-cp∂p B_phpw tIƒ∏n-®p-sIm-≠n-cp-∂-Xv.aplvbn-±o≥am-e-bnse kmln-Xymw-isØ ImWmsX B ImhysØFXn¿°p∂ "]ptcm-K-a-\-°msc' I≠m¬ B_p kp∂o-]-£-Øm-Ipw."Jp¿-B≥ ]T-\-Øn\v Hcp apJ-hpc' F∂ JzmPm Iam-ep-±os‚ \nkvXpeIrXn-bnse at\m-l-c-amb Bi-b-ßƒ ImWmsX AXns\ A‘-ambnFXn¿°p-∂-hsc I≠m¬ At±lw JmZn-bm\o ]£-Øm-hpw. Abmƒt]mK-kohv eoKp-Im-c-\m-sW∂p ]d-™p-\-S-°p-∂-h¿ At±lw cNn®kn-F®v.apl-ΩZv tImb Ah-Xm-cnI FgpXn ]kn-≤o-I-cn® "koXn-km-ln_v' F∂ IrXn Iøn-se-Sp-°p-tºmƒ Cbmƒ Hcp eoKp-Im-c-\t√ F∂vA¤p-X-s∏-Spw. eoKp-Im-c-\mb H.-am-ln-\men \S-Ønb "apPm-lnZv' ]X-Øns‚ kl-]-Xm-[n-]-cm-sW-¶nepw B_p-am-Ã¿ eoKp-Im-c-\p-am-bn-cp-∂n-√. A°m-eØv Hcp eoKp-Ip-∏m-b-an-ń-cp-s∂-¶n¬ At±-lsØ At\z-jn®v FXtbm ]Whpw ]Xm-]hpw hcp-am-bn-cp-∂p. kq^n-k-Øns‚Ihm-S-ß-fn-se√mw apń-t\m-°nb B_p-am-Ã¿ CJv_m-ens‚ "Pohn-X-c-lky'ØnemWv Dd-®p-\n-∂-Xv. kzX-¥-Nn¥ At±-lsØ "CamwK men'bnepw "io\m-cm-b-W-Kpcp'hnepw FØn-®n-cp-∂p. B_p-sh∂A¤pX ]Xn-`m-ksØ B¿°pw kz¥-am-°m≥ Ign-™n-cp-∂n-√. B_p-hns‚ bYm¿∞ apJw Is≠-Øm-\m-hp-∂-h¿ "\msf'bpsS hmXn¬°¬ImØn-cn-°p-∂p-≠m-hpw. At±-l-hp-am-bn ASpØp s]cp-am-dnb Hcpinjy≥ tNmZn®p: ""Rm≥ Xm¶sf t]mep≈ Hcp Fgp-Øp-Im-c-\m-hm-Ø-sX-¥mWv?'' amÃsd sNmSn-∏-n°m-\m-bn-cp∂p B tNmZyw. DSs\DØcw h∂p: ""\o CXp-hsc ]ńWn ioen-®n-´pt≠m?'' alm ]fin-X\pw Ncn-X-Im-c-\p-am-bn-cp∂ C_v\p J¬Zq≥ Zmcn-ZysØ ]‰nbpw ]ń-

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92

A¬]w hmS-I-Ip-d-b-W-sat∂ D≠m-bn-cp-∂p-≈q. amkm-¥-i-ey-amb hmS-I-bn¬ \n∂p Xosc ap‡-am-Im≥ HSp-hn¬ Xs‚ hońse tImem-bn¬Xs∂ taibpw Itk-cbpw sIm≠p-sh-t°-≠n-h-∂p. Hmtcm amfn-I-∏pdwhnSp-tºmgpw AhnsS hn¬°m≥sh® A\y ]kn-≤o-I-cWßƒ Xp—-amb hne°v sImSpØv Hgn-hm-t°-≠n-h-cpw. aX-]-c-amb ]pkvXIßƒhmßm≥ HmWw tIdm aqe-bn¬ hcp∂h¿ hnc-en-se-Æm-hp-∂-h¿ amXw.lc-Pn-Ifpw t\mó-kp-Ifpw Xøm-dm-°p-hm≥ amÃsd At\z-jn®p \S-°p-∂-h¿ At±lw t]mIp-t∂-S-sØ-√mw Fßn-s\-sb-¶nepw FØpw.amÃ¿ ]e-t∏mgpw Xń-°q-´m-dp≈ eLpteJ-I-ƒ, aqey-h-Ømb IrXn-Iƒ°n-S-bn-se Iran-I-fm-sW-¶nepw Nne kmº-Øn-I-t\-´-ßƒ hcp-Øp-∂-h-bm-Wv. PohnX-NIw apt∂m-´p-t]m-Im-\p≈ Nne sN∏Sn hnZy-Iƒ!C∂v Fgp-Øp-Im-cs‚ PohnXw Xmc-X-tay\ t`Z-am-Wv. kz¥w IrXn-Ifpw t]dn hn¬°m≥ \S-∂-h-cpsS Iq´-Øn¬ Hcp ImeØv alm-Ihnh≈-tØmƒ t]mep-ap-≠mbn-cps∂-∂m-W-dn-hv.

kmln-Xo-k-]cysIm≠v B_p-hn\v Inńb hcp-am\w hfsc Xp—-am-bn-cp-∂p. F∂m¬ FXtbm ]pcp-jm-bp- p-Isf [\y-am-°p-∂-Xm-bn-cp∂p At±-l-Øns‚ cN-\-Iƒ. AXv sshhn≤yw sIm≠v i≤n-°-s∏-´p. AXnse ssh⁄m-\n-I-am\w Db¿∂-Xm-bn-cp-∂p. apkvenwIfpsS D∂-a-\-am-bn-cp∂p AXv e£yw sh®n-cp-∂-Xv. \thm-∞m\ \mb-I-\m-bn-cp∂aplvbn±o≥ ssiJns‚ Poh-N-cn-X-hpw B alms‚ ]ikvX IrXn-bmb "^pXq-lp¬ ssK_n's‚ hnh¿Ø-\hpw ]Xn-\m-bn-c-°-W-°n\vtIm∏n-Iƒ hn‰p ImWpw. ]km-[-I-∑m-cp-ambn hne-t]-ip∂ kz`mhwAt±-l-Øn-∂p-≠m-bn-cp-∂n-√. Hmtcm IrXn-bpsS cN\bneqsS e`y-ambBfl kmbqPyw \mW-b-°nep°tØ-°mƒ \n¿hr-Xn-Zm-b-I-am-bn-cp-∂p.GtXm Ain-£n-X-amb Ic-ßƒ temI-]-i-kvX-amb ""^Xp-lp¬apCu≥ -F∂ IrXn ae-bm-f-Ønte°v hnh¿Ø\w sNbvXp hnIr-X-am-°n-b-Xns\ Xs‚ Xqen-I-kv]¿i-Øm¬ hmbn-°m-hp∂ ]cp-h-Øn-em-°n-b-t∏mƒ B_phn-\p-≠mb kt¥mjw A]m-c-am-bn-cp∂p!

Hcp CS-th-f-bp-≠m-bn-cp-∂p. A∂v ]km-[-I-∑m¿ KŸ-I¿Øm-°ƒ°v Xß-fpsS ]Xn-^-e-ambn \¬Inbncp-∂Xv Xpey-hn-e-°p≈]pkvX-I-am-bn-cp∂p. am-Ã-dpsS Ccp-f-S™ apdn-bn¬ \n∂p Aßn-s\-bp≈ ]pkvX-I-ßƒ hn‰p-t]m-hpI kw`-hy-a-√m-bn-cp-∂p. Ah-sb√mwAhn-sS-In-S∂p s]mSn ]nSn®p Np°n-®p-fn-bp-tºmƒ ]gb ]pkvX-I-ß-fm-sW∂p IcpXn ]ecpw FSp-Øp-sIm-≠p-t]m-Ipw. \nPÿnXn Adn-bp∂A]q¿∆w Nne¿ Ccń hne sImSpØpw hmßpw. Nqj-W-ßƒ°p ]eapJ-hp-ap≈ ImeØv Pohn® ]mhw Fgp-Øp-Im-c-\m-bn-cp-∂p, B_p.""epJvam-\p¬ l°o-ans‚ \qdp-]-tZ-i-ßƒ''°p \qdp ss]k t]mep-an-√mØ [\y-am-b-Im-e-sa-∂pw B Imew hnti-jn-∏n-°-s∏-Sp-∂p!

A∏p-°p- ≥ sshZy¿ tcJ-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn- p-≠v. skbvXv apl-Ω-Zns‚ AImeNc-a-Øn¬ AXoh ZpxJn-X-\m-bn-cp∂p B_p amÃ¿.

tUmŒ¿ kn.-sI.-Icow Fgp-Xn-b-t]mse ""`mjm-km-lnXy thZn-bn¬ D∂-X-tcm-sSm∏w B_psh ]Xn-jvTn-°m≥ Bcpw an\-s°-ń-√.]fin-tXm-Nn-X-hpw, ssh⁄m\n-I-hp-amb B KŸ-ß-sf-∏-‰n-bp≈ ]T-\-tam, Bkzm-Z-\-tam, ]cm-a¿iw t]meptam \S-Øp-hm≥ A[n-I-t]cpwHcp-ßn-bn-√. B_p-km-ln-_n-s\-t∏mse Pohn-X-Im-ew apgp-h≥ kmlnXok]cy \S-Øn, B ]h¿Ø-\-ß-fpsS CS°p Xs∂ Ncaw ]qInbA[nI t]sc tIcfw I≠n-cn-°p-I-bn-√. At±-l-Øn-s‚ KŸ-ßfpwC…m-anI ]ÿm-\-hp-am-bn-´p-≠m-bn-cp∂ _‘-hp-am-bn-cp∂p CXn-∂p≈Imc-W-ß-fn-sem-∂v. Xe-ÿm\ \K-cn°p Np‰p-ap≈ "kw]q-Py¿''°pamXta AwKo-Imcw In´p≈q F∂p≈ Hcp Zmcp-Wm-hÿbpw Gsd-°mew \ne-\n-∂n-cp-∂p. apkvenw kap-Zm-b-sa-¶nepw H.-B-_p-sh∂ am∏nfkmln-Xy-Im-c-t\m-Sp≈ Xß-fpsS IS-∏m-Sp-Iƒ At±-l-Øns‚ Pohn-X-Im-eØpw acn-®n´pw Xo¿Øn- pt≠m F∂ tNmZyhpw _m°n-\n¬°p-∂p.''B_p-hns‚ CSØpw he-Øp-ambn Dcp-In-Øo¿∂ sagp-Ip-Xncn sh´-Øn-em-bn-cp∂p At±-l-Øns‚ ]e ]i-kvX-amb IrXn-Ifpw P∑w sIm≠Xv.hni-∏ns\ sacp-°n-sb-Sp-°m≥ At±lw I≠ ]Xn-hn-[n-I-fm-bn-cp∂p Nmb-bpw, hm≤ym¿ _oUn-bpw. Adp-]-Xnepw At±-l-Øns‚ Xe-bn¬ \c-I-b-dn-bn- p-≠m-bn-cp-∂n-√. hnim-e-amb s\‰n-Ø-S-Øn\p Iogn¬\-£-X-ßƒt]mse c≠p IÆp-Iƒ Pzen®p \n∂p. he-tØXv Fs‚Xp t]msesX‰v IÆm-bn-cp-∂p. Npfnhv hogmØ ssIIm-ep-I-ƒ ]mbw hnfn®p ]d-™n-√. _mly-i-co-c-Øn¬ AXns‚ ]I-S-\-ß-sfm-∂p-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂n-√.sNdp-∏-Øn¬ ioen® If-cn-∏-b‰v ico-csØ hSn-shm-Ø-Xmbn kq£n®p.]t£ \n¿\nZ-cm-hp-Iƒ Poh- p‰ IrXn-Iƒs°m∏w kΩm-\n® Akp-J-ßƒ F∂pw At±-lsØ Ae-ń-s°m-≠n-cp-∂p.

B_p Hcp ]mSv IrXn-Iƒ A]q¿Æ-ambn sh®mWv hnS-]-d-™-Xv. H∂n-e-[nIw Htc ka-bØv Xøm-dm-°p-∂-Xm-bn-cp∂p At±-l-Øns‚ioew. kc-kzXo _m“-W¿°p-th≠n Hcp enJnX `mj, F∂ At±-l-Øn-s‚bpw kplrØv B¿.-Fkv.]`p-hn-s‚-bpw kz]v\hpw \nd-th-dmsX t]mbn. ]`p-hns‚ s]mSp-∂s\bp≈ ac-W-am-bn-cp∂p ][m\Imc-Ww.

Pq_nen tdmUn-ep≈ kmam\yw \√ hoSv hn‰-t∏mƒ At±-l-Øns‚ ssIøn¬ Iptd Imip h∂p. AXp sIm≠v Iptd IS-_m-[y-X-Iƒ Xo¿Øp. tN‰w Ip∂nse CS-h-gn-bn¬ Hcp sNdnb `h\w hmßn,Ahn-tS°p Xmakw am‰n. GXp DuSp-h-gn-bnepw Ccn-°m≥ Hcp sNdnbapdn Inń-bm¬ Ahn-tS°p At±-l-Øns‚ Hmôkv apdn-bpw am‰pw.

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94

πk‚ v''_w-•m-hn-en-cp-Øn,- km-aq-ly-]-iv\-ßfpw euInI Imcy-ßfpwN¿®sNbvXp. Xm≥ kpJ-Nn-In-’°p th≠n sh√q-cn¬ t]mIp-tºmƒamÃ-sdbpw IqsS Iqń, ]ta-l-tcm-K-Øn\v hnZKv[ NnIn’ sNbvXpsImSp-Øp. c≠p t]cpw c≠m-gvN-tbmfw sh√q-cm-ip-]Xnbnse ASpØASpØ InS-°-bn¬ InS-∂p. B thf-bn-emWv aZvl-_p-Iƒ XΩn-ep≈hyXym-k-sØ-∏‰n lmPn kmln-_v, amÃ-dn¬ \n∂p IqSp-X¬ hnh-c-ßƒ a\- n-em-°n-b-Xv. \mń¬ F-Ønb DSs\ AtX-∏‰n Hcp KŸwcNn-°-W-sa∂ lmPn-km-ln-_ns‚ BKlw ap≥ \ndp-Øn, \qtdmfwt]Pv hcp∂ Hcp sIm®p-K-Ÿ-Øn\v amÃ¿ cq]w \¬In. AXv GtXm]kn-≤o-I-c-Wm-e-b-°m¿ hmßn-s°m≠p t]msb-∂mWv amÃ-dpsSHm¿Ω. AXv thsdmcp cq]-Øn¬ ]n∂oSv shfn®w I≠-Xmbpw amÃ¿]d-bp-∂p. lmPn-km-ln-_ns\ ]‰n B_p A\p-kva-cn-°p-∂Xv Cß-s\-bm-Wv. ""At±-l-Øn-s‚ hy‡nXzw A]-K-Yn®v ]Tn-°p-hm≥ Rm≥ bXv\n-®n-´p-≠v. kvXpXn ]mT-I-cp-sS-bpw -sI-´p-I-Y-°m-cp-sSbpw i–-ßƒ°pw`mh-\-Iƒ°pw B hy‡n-XzsØ Kln-°m≥ Ign-™n-´p-s≠∂v ]d-™p-Iq-Sm. Akq-bm-h-l-amb B¿÷-h--hpw ]Xn-k-‘n-Isf A`n-ap-Jo-I-cn-°m-\p≈ Xt‚-Shpw e£y ]m]vXn-bn-ep≈ AN-©-e-amb Bfl-hn-izm-k-hp-amWv P: Ip™n-am-b≥ lmPn kmln-_ns\ Akm-[m-cW hy‡n-Xz-Øns‚ DS-a-bm-°n-Øo¿Øn- p-≈-sX-∂mWv F\n°p a\- n-em-°p-hm≥Ign-™n-´p-≈-Xv.''

Aº-Xp-I-gn™ B_p-sh ]cn-N-b-s∏-Sp-tºmƒ F-\n°v ap∏-Xp-h-b v ]mbta D≠m-bn-cp-∂p-≈q. BZy-amZyw Rßƒ XΩn¬ Hcp Imcy-Ønepw A`n-]mb sFIy-ap-≠m-bn-cp-∂n-√. At±-l-Øns‚ kpNn-¥n-X-amb A`n-]m-b-ß-tfmSv Fs‚ ]Iz-X-bn-√mØ kwkm-c-ßƒ ]e-t∏mgpwG‰p-ap-ń-bn-cp-∂p. Fs‚ `mKy-Øn\v km[m-cW kw`-hn-°m-dp≈ s]mń-sØdn amÃ-dpsS `mKØv \n∂p-≠m-bn-√. At±lw Ccp-]Xv h¿j-sØ]mb-°p-dhv ]cn-K-Wn-®n- p-≠m-Imw. Rß-fpsS s]mXpkplr-Ømb kn.]nDΩ-dpsS im¥-amb CS-s]-S-ep-Iƒ Rßƒ°n-S-bn¬ kam[m\m¥-co£wkr„n-°m≥ klm-bn-°pw. amÃ-dpsS klr-Zb kZ- n-te°v ]m¿kn`mjm-]-fin-X-\mb Icp-Wm-I-c≥ amÃ-tdm _lp-`m-jm-]-fin-X-\mbB¿.-Fkv ]`p-thm DdpZp ]fin-X-\mb l\o^v aue-hn-tbm, tUmŒ¿kn.sI Icotam Ib-dn-h-cp-tºmƒ Rm\pw kn.-]nbpw amfn-I-ap-I-fn¬ \n∂psas√ Cd-ßn-hcpw. amÃ¿ ItaW B kZ- n¬ Ipd®p t\cw Ccn-°m≥ Fs∂bpw \n¿_-‘n-®p. H∂pw an≠m-sX, B kZ- n¬ \n∂ptI´ N¿®-Ifpw kmc-h-Ømb hmZ-ßfpw F∂nse Rm≥ FX sNdnba\p-jy-\m-sW∂v Fs∂ t_m[y-s∏-Sp-Øn. B_p amÃ-dp-ambn k√m-]-ß-fn¬ G¿s∏-´-h¿ ItaW \√ ]kw-K-It\m Fgp-Øp-Im-ct\m Bbn-Øo-cp-sa∂v B_p amÃ-dpsS ASpØ kplrØv tIm´pfn A∏p-°p-´≥

kq^n-k-sØ-∏‰n B_p [mcmfw Fgp-Xn-bn-´p-≠v. AXn¬ kq^n-h-cy-∑m-cmb ^co-Zp-±o≥ AØm-dn-s‚-bpw dqan-bp-sSbpw [mcmfw D≤-c-Wn-Iƒ D≠m-hpw. At±-l-Øns‚ kq^n B`n-ap-Jy-ap≈ IrXn-I-fm-bn-cp-∂p, ^pXp-lp¬ ssK_pw -Ckvem-ans‚ kuµ-cyhpw C®bpsS hncp-Ø-ßfpw --kq-^nkw˛ Hcp ]T-\hpw. euIn-I-kp-Jm-Uw-_-c-ß-tfmSv At±-l-Øn\v \nt»jw Xmev]-cy-an-√m-bn-cp-∂p. ZmcnZyw At±-l-Øns‚ Iq´p-Im-c-\mbncp∂psh∂v ]d-bmw. At±lw hb-dp-\n-d®v Hcp t\c-sa-¶nepw`£Ww Ign® Znh-k-ßƒ hnc-f-am-bn-cp-∂p. At±-l-Øns‚ tai-∏p-dØvImWpI ]e-Xcw t]\-Ifpw UnIvj-W-dn-I-fp-am-bn-cn°pw. t]\-Iƒ ]e-cn¬ \n∂pw kΩm-\-am-bn- h-cp∂-hbm-Wv. AXpamXw FX hne-In-ń-bmepw ssIhn-Sn-√. C√m-bvabpw h√m-bvabpw At±-l-Øns‚ CSØpwhe-Øp-ambn \S-°p-tºmgpw B inc v Db¿∂p-Xs∂ \n¬°pw.

ae-bm-f- m¿akn sshZy¿ Fw.hn.-ap-l-Ω-Zns‚ NnIn-’m-e-b-ØnseHcp sIm®p apdn-bn-em-bn-cp∂p ""BtcmKy _‘p'' amkn-I-bpsS Hmôkv.sshZy-cp-sSbpw ^m¿a-kn-bp-sSbpw t]cpw ]i-kvXnbpw tIc-f-Øn¬apgp-h\pw ]pdØpw hntZ-i-Øp-t]mepw hym]n-∏n-®Xv ""BtcmKy_‘p''hm-bn-cp-∂p. kl]Xm-[n-]-cm-bn-cp∂ B_p amÃ-dm-bn-cp∂pAXns‚ ]n∂nse Nme-I-i-‡n. sshZy-cXv\w ]n.-Fkv hmcn-b-cpsS ""[\z--¥cn'' Btcm-Ky-am-kn-Isb t]mepw ]n∂n-em°n Npcp-ßnb Imew sIm≠vtIc-f-Ønse an° IpSpw-_-ß-fnepw ""BtcmKy _‘p'' IS-∂p-sN∂p.sIńepw ańepw AXym-I¿j-I-am-bmWv BtcmKy _‘p-hns≥d Hmtcme°hpw ]pd-Øn-d-ßn-b-Xv. ]w‡n-Iƒ sshhn[yw sIm≠v i≤n-°-s∏-´p. ^m¿a-kn-bpsS D¬∏-∂-ß-fmb t]mØn≥ Zmh-Ihpw aZ-\-tam-l-\-te-lyhpw hmßn D]-tbm-Kn°mØ hoSp-I-fns-√∂mbn. m¿akn sshZy¿tIc-f-Ønse ]apJ Pn√m Bÿm-\-ß-fn-se√mw t]mbn tcmKn-Isf]cn-tim[n-°p∂ kº-Zm-bhpw ""BtcmKy _‘p'' amkn-I-bn-eqsShf¿Øn-sb-Sp-Ø-Xm-bn-cp-∂p. Cu ]kn-≤o-I-c-W-Øns‚ Akq-bm-h-l-amb ]Nmcw a\- n-em°n thsdmcp ]kn-≤o-I-c-Wm-ebw Xs∂ XpS-ßn-bm¬ Xc-t°-Sn√ F∂p hnNm-cn®v sshZy¿ XpS-ßn-b-XmWv ""A\okv]ªn-t°-j≥kv''. AXn-s‚bpw Nm¿÷v B_p amÃ¿°p Xs∂. _‘-ßƒ _‘-\-ß-fmbn hcp-∂-Xns\ t]Sn® B_p amÃ¿, Bfl kplr-Ømb A∏p-°p-´≥ sshZy¿°v ""BtcmKy_‘p'' amkn-I-bpsS kl-]-Xm-[n]ÿm\w Hgn-™p-sIm-SpØv Xs‚ ""am\-kn-Im-tcmKyw'' hos≠-Sp-Øp.

hSt° ae-_m-dnse hyh-kmb ]ap-J-\m-bn-cp∂ F.-sI. Ip™n-am-b≥ lmPn B_p amÃsd ]‰n Adn-™Xv Aev]w sshIn-bmbnt∏mbn.B_p-hns\ hoń -te°v Imd-b®v hnfn®p hcpØn X‚ ""au≠v

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96

thcp ]nSn® ÿe-ß-fn¬ H∂m-bn-cp-∂-t√m,- sIm-®n. amÃ¿ tÃPn-te°pB\-bn-°-s∏-´-t∏mƒ F\n°pw At±-l-Øns‚ sXm´p ]n∂n¬ ItkcX∂p. amÃ¿°p ]kw-Kn-°m≥ høm-Ø-Xp-sIm≠v At±-l-Øns‚ adp-]Sn ]kwKw hmbnt°≠ DØ-c-h-ZnØw F\n-°m-bn-cp∂p Inń-b-Xv.F\n°p Np‰pw ]i-kvX-cmb kmln-Xy-\m-b-I-∑m-cm-Wn-cn-°p-∂-Xv. ]n.-`m-kvI-c≥, -ssh°w Nµ-i-J-c≥ \mb¿, Ddq-_v, Fkv.sI s]m‰-°mSv,F≥.]n.-ap-l-ΩZv, ]n.F≥.-Fw Ben-t°mb F∂n-h¿. ssh°-Øn-s‚ a[p-c-a-t\m-l-c-amb kzmKX`mjWØn-∂p-tijw F≥.-]n, B-_psh ]cn-N-b-∏-Sp-Øn. ]n `mkvI-c≥ am∏nf kmln-Xy-\m-b-Is\ s]m∂mS AWn-bn®p. Ahm¿Uv t]SIhpw \¬In. skI-´dn ]iwkm]Xw hmbn-®p.Ddq-_ns‚ A≤y£]kw-K-Øn\p tijw Fs‚ Dugw. lrZ-b-kv]r-°mb adp-]Sn ]kwKw amÃ¿ Xs∂ Xøm-dm-°n-b-Xm-bn-cp-∂p. Rm\XvIgn-hXpw A£-c-kv^p-S-X-tbmsS \nd™ kZ- n\p apºmsI hmbn-®p. s]m∂mS Nm¿Øp-tºmƒ tI´ Ic-tLmjw t]mep≈ Hcp BchwamÃ¿ AXp-hsc Pohn-X-Øn¬ tIń-cn-°n-√. XnI®pw hnIm-c-hn-h-i-\mbAt±lw thZ-\-Iƒ ISn-®n-d°n Ah-km\w hsc tÃPn¬ Ccp-∂p.

kmln-Xy-Im-c-∑m-sc√mw B_p-hns‚ Np‰pwIqSn A`n-\-µ-\-ß-fpsS]q°qS sNmcn-™p. Rßƒ°v Xncn-®p-t]m-Im≥ FdWm-Ipfw hsc Im¿G¿∏mSv sNbvXn-cp-∂p. sIm®n Imb-ense Ipfn¿Im‰v At±-l-sØ Xtem-Sn. Xme-s∏m-en-tb¥n \n¬°p∂ t]mse c≠p-`m-KØpw \nc∂p \n∂hnf-°p-Im-ep-Iƒ ]Im-i-c-ivan-Iƒ hmcn-hn-X-dn. I„n®v c≠p-sIm-√ta]ns∂ B_p Pohn-®p-≈q.

B_p-hns‚ Iem-lr-Zbw \√-t]mse sXm´dn™Xv Xe-t»cnapkvenw Atkm-kn-tbj≥ ]h¿Ø-I-cm-bn-cp-∂p. Ah¿ ""B_p-kvam-cI KŸ''-Øn-eqsS kzcq-]n® Ccp-]-Xn-\m-bn-c-tØmfw Ddp-∏nI At±-l-Øns‚ IpSpw-_-Øn\p \¬In. H.-B_p IrXn-I-fn-eqsS Pohn-°p∂p;B kvac-Wn-I-bn-eq-sSbpw.

***** ***** *****

sshZy¿ Hcp teJ-\-Øn¬ Ipdn-®n-´Xv Hm¿Ω-bn¬ HmSn-sb-Øp-∂p.

Rmb-dmgvN sshIp-t∂-c-ß-fn¬ Rm\pw kn.]n DΩ-dpw B_pamÃdpw amÃ-dpsS amS-Øn¬ \n∂n-dßn IS-∏pdØv Im‰p-sIm-≈m≥t]mhp∂ ]Xnhv XpS-ßn. ]kn-≤-amb "I∏-∏m-ń-'s‚bpw ""\q¬aZlv'']mń-s‚bpw I¿Øm-hpw a-X-]-finX-\pw lmkykmam-´p-am-bn-cp∂Ip™m-b≥ apkv-eym¿ A¥y hniaw sIm≈p∂ ]men-t»-cn-bnse ]gbPpap-AØv ]≈n°v kao-]-ap≈ ]qgn aÆn-em-bn-cn°pw Rßƒ sN∂n-cn-°p-I. At∏mƒ Hmtcm am∏n-f-∏m-ńs‚ A¿∞hpw kmc-hpw amÃ¿Rß-sf-tIƒ∏n-°pw. kn.-]n.°p Kk-ep-I-sf-∏-‰nbpw J∆m-en-sb]-‰n-bp-am-bn-cn°pw ]d-bm-\p-≠m-hp-I. Rm≥ ASpØp hmbn® \ncq-]-W-ß-sf-∏-‰n-bpw IY-I-sf-∏-‰nbpw hmNm-e-\m-hpw. Nne-t∏mƒ CuÃn¥ym Iº-\n-°m-cpsS CSn-™p-s]m-fn™ tIm´-bnse I¬ko-‰p-I-fn-em-bn-cn°pwsN∂n-cn-°p-I. hoc-iqc ]cm-I-an-bmb ]g-»n-cm-Pm-hns\ Iog-S-°m≥ B¿.-sh-√…n ]S-sbm-cp°w \S-Ønb Ncn-X-amhpw At∏mƒ amÃ-dn¬ \n∂ptIƒ°p-I. ]≠v Xe-t»cn ]´Ww tIm´-bpsS ]ndIp hi-Ømbncp-s∂∂v lman¬´¨ F∂ Ncn-X-Im-c≥ ]d-™n-cp-∂phsX. C∂Xv ap≥hi-Øm-Wv. IS-e° sImdn-®n-cp∂v k√-]n-®n-cp∂ kmbw-k-‘y-IƒAß-s\ kvarXn-a-fi-e-Øn¬ ISpwNph-∏p-\ndw ]qin-\n¬°p-∂p.

Ah-km-\-Im-eØv da-Zm-\nse Ah-km-\sØ ]Øp-\m-fp-I-fn¬B_p amÃ¿ sN∂n-cp∂ ÿe-amWv HmS-Øn¬ ]≈n-bnse AI-Ø-fw. AhnsS AXy-pjvW-Im-eØpw ioXo-I-cn® A¥-co-£-am-Wv. tIbo-hwi ÿm]-I-\mb aq ° kºm-Zn® ac Dcp-∏-Sn-Iƒ sIm≠p \n¿Ωn®at\m-l-c-amb ]≈n-bm-W-Xv. ]m¿∞n®pw ZnIvdv sNm√nbpw Jp¿-B≥]mcm-bWw sNbvXpw amÃ¿ AhnsS Gsd-t\cw Ign-°pw. "Al-Z-h\p'-am-bp≈ A`n-ap-J-Øn\p th≠n ]q¿Æambn FgpØpw hmb-\bpw \ndp-Øp∂ ]Øp Znh-k-ß-fm-W-Xv.

tcmKm-Xp-c-\mbn Ign-bp-tºm-gm-bn-cp∂p H.B_psh tXSn tIc-f-kw-KoX \mSI A°m-Z-an-bpsS Ahm¿Uv hcp-∂-Xv. am∏n-f-km-ln-Xy-Øn\pth≠n A\¿L-amb kw`m-h-\-I-f¿∏n-®-Xns‚ t]cn¬ A°m-Z-an-bpsSskI-´dn t\cn¬ h∂p-Xs∂ £Wn-®p. IqsS-t]m-Ip∂ Hcmƒ°pIqSnF√m- sN-ehpw ô. kplr-Øp-°-sf√mw kvt\l-]q¿∆w \n¿_-‘n-®Xp sIm≠pw am∏n-f-km-ln-Xy-Øn\p In´p∂ AwKo-Im-c-am-bXpsIm≠pw sIm®n-bn¬ t]mbn Ahm¿Uv kzoI-cn-°m≥ amÃ¿ Xøm-dm-bn. Rm\pw H.-kp-ss_dpw IqsS t]mbn. amÃ¿ h≠n-bn¬ Ib-dp-tºmƒaI≥ AlvaZv Hcp s]mXn ssIøn¬ sh®p sImSp-Øp. ]e t\c-ßfn-embn Ign-t°≠ Kpfn-I-I-fm-bn-cp∂p AXn¬. sIm®n-bnse s\lvdp- sa-tΩm-dn-b¬ Su¨lmfn¬ Bfp-Iƒ Xnßn-\n-d-™n-cp-∂p. Ad-_n-a-e-bmfw

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Bflm¿∞-ambn A\p-k-cn-®-Xp-sIm-≠mWv B_p-hns‚ hnh¿Ø-\-ßƒIp-‰-a-‰-Xm-b-Xv. Ckvem-ans‚ kuµ-cyw, Ckvemw hgn-Øn-cn-hn¬,Jp¿B≥ ]T\Øn\v Hcp apJ-hp-c, A¬ln-Pm_v F∂o IrXn-I-fpsShmb-\-bn¬ A\p-`-h-th-Zy-am-Ip-∂Xv hnh¿Ø-\-Ønse C∏-d™ Ipeo-\X bm-Ip-∂p.

Kpcphpw injy\pw XΩn¬ \S-∂n-´p-≈Xv Hcp Xcw BZm\ ]Zm\]In-b-bm-sW∂p thWw \n\-°m≥. Hcp ]cn-j¬ ktΩ-f-\-Øn¬aq¿t°mØv ]kw-Kn-®Xp i≤n-®m¬ tXm∂pw AXv B_p-hns‚ Bi-b-ß-fm-sW-∂v. ""Iptd-°mew Ign-™m¬ B ]Z-ßƒ kz¥-am-sW∂v[cn®p t]mIp-amdv AXmXv `mj-bp-ambn Cgp-In-t®-cp-Ibpw sNøpw. ae-bm-f-Øn-te°v Cßs\ ln_p, t]¿ky≥, Ad_n F∂o `mj-I-fn¬\n∂v IS-∂p-Iq-Snb ]Z-ßƒ°v Hcp Iøpw IW-°p-an-√. DZm-l-c-W-Øn\p""apJ-Zm-hn¬'' F∂ ]Zw kwkvIr-X-Øns‚ apJ-Øn¬ \n∂p h∂-Xm-sW∂v hniz-kn-°p-∂-h-cp-≠m-Imw. CXv ""apJvØm-_n¬' F∂ Ad_n]Z-Øns‚ ae-bm-f X¬`-h-am-Wv. kndn-b≥ `mj-bn¬ \n∂p h∂""ssaXm≥'' Bcm-sW∂v Gsd-°psd F√m-h¿°p-a-dn-bmw. ""Ioi-bntem''""Iok-bntem'' Ddp-∏nI CtS-W-sa-¶n¬ kndn-b-°m-cpsS HØm-i-th-Ww.Ad-_n-°m-tcm-SmWv \Ωƒ Hcp ]mSv IS-s∏-ń-cn-°p-∂-Xv. ""ap≥jnbpw''"ap≥ko∏pw' Ad-_n-bn¬ \n∂p-Xs∂ h∂-Xm-Wv. ""JPm\' bpsS Ah-Im-ihpw Ah¿°m-W-sX. "sNbvØms\-'bpw, "C_veokns\'bpwsIm≠p-h-∂-h¿°v "dm°p' sIm≠p-h-cm≥ F¥p-aSn? "XI-cm¿' Ds≠-¶n¬ AXpw Ad-_n-I-fp-tS-Xm-Wv. "PmkvXn' bps≠-¶n¬ AXpw"_m°n'bm-hp-I-bp-am-sW-¶n¬ AXpw Ad-_n-I-fp-tS-Xm-Wv. B_p-hns‚"am∏n-f-km-ln-Xy-Øns‚ D¬]-Ønbpw hf¿®bpw' t]mep≈ teJ-\-ßƒhmbn-®-h¿°p tXm∂p-I, aq¿t°m-Øns‚ Pnlz-bn-eqsS B_p-hmWvkwkm-cn-®-sX-∂m-Wv.

aq¿t°mØv IpSpw-_-Øns‚ D‰ _‘p-hm-bn-cp∂p B_p. B_‘p-Xz-am-Is´ GI-tZiw kmay-ap≈ A`n-em-j-ß-fpw A`n-cp-Nn-IfpwBZ¿i-ßfpw At\ym\yw Dƒs°m-≠-Xp-am-bn-cp-∂p. ""io \mcm-b-Ws‚GI-temIw-'' F∂ IrXn°v Ah-Xm-cnI Fgp-Xnb aq¿t°mØv Ip™-∏-bpsS hm°p-I-fn¬ ""io \mcm-b-W-Kp-cp-hns‚ Pohn-X-am-Ip∂ ktµ-isØ \c-hwi Ncn-X-Øns‚ GSp-I-fn¬ sh®p LSn-∏n®v , imkvXobkn≤m-¥-ß-fpsS shfn-®-Øn¬ ]cn-tim-[n®v, kmº-ØnI hyh-ÿ-I-sf-∏-‰n-bp≈ hmZ-ß-fp-ambn Xń-®p-t\m-°n, aX-ß-fpsS Xmc-Xay ]T\wsIm≠v km[q-I-cn®v Fgp-Xn-bn-cn-°p∂ Cu D]-\ymkw Hcp bYm¿∞hnizm-kn-bmb apkvenamWv hnc-Nn-®-Xv, F∂p-≈-Xn¬ ]tXy-I-am-sbmcpHuNn-Xyhpw ck-hp-sam-s°-bp-≠v... F√m aX-ß-sfbpw Rm≥ Hcp t]mse_lp-am-\n-°p-∂p; F\n°p aX-an-√, F∂p ]d-bp-∂-h-sc-°m-fpw

Kpcpinjy_‘-Øns‚A\p-]a NI-hmfw

B[p-\nI ae-bmf KZy-Øns‚ hf¿Ø-—≥ F∂-dn-b-s∏-Sp∂aq¿t°mØv Ipam-cs‚ injy-\m-bmWv H.B_p Adn-b-s∏-Sp-∂-Xv. aq¿t°m-Øns‚ ssiensb alm-Ihn D≈q¿ hnti-jn-∏n-®-Xv, "ihW kpµ-c-amb kwKoXw' F∂m-Wv. Xs‚ cN-\sb∏‰n aq¿t°mØv ]d-™-XvCßn-s\-bmWv: ""Rm≥ Nne-sX-gpXn; AXv Nnesc apjn-∏n-®p. Ah¿Fs∂ IpØn-sb-gpXn. Rm\pw IpØn-sb-gpXn. Cßs\ Iºn-fn-s°´vRm≥ hnń´pw Fs∂ hnSp-∂n-s√∂v ]d-™-t]m-se, Rm≥ kmln-Xy-k-ap-Z-Øn¬ InS∂p Ae-ap-dn®p \o¥n-°-fn-∏m≥ Hcp hn[w ]Tn®p Ft∂D≈q.'' Dcp-f-°p-t∏cn sImSp-°p∂ t]mse FXn-cm-fn-I-fpsS hmZ-ap-J-ßsf t\cn-Sp-∂Xv B_p hi-am-°n-b-Xv Xs‚ Kpcp-hn¬ \n∂m-bn-cn-°-Ww. hnh¿Ø-\-Øns‚ ]e kmt¶-XnI hi-ßfpw B_p a\- n-em-°n-bXv Kpcp-hn¬ \n∂p Xs∂. tPm¨ks‚ "dmk-e-kn∂v' XØ IWm-c≥ cNn® Hcp hnh¿Ø-\-ap-≠v˛ "ck-te-inI'. AXn∂v aq¿t°mØvFgp-Xns°mSpØ Ah-Xm-cnI X¿÷-a-°n-d-ßp-∂-h¿s°√mw ]tbm-P-\-s∏-Spw. B Ah-Xm-cn-I-bn¬ \n∂v: ""GXp hmIy-Øn-s‚bpw Poh≥AXnse Bi-b-am-Ip∂p. hm°p-Iƒ Bi-b-Øns‚ `rXytc BIp-∂p-≈q. Bi-b-Øn-t∑-em-bn-cn-°Ww ]cn-`m-j-Is‚ t\m´w. aqe-°m-cs‚lrZ-b-hp-ambn ]q¿Æ-]-cn-Nbw kºm-Zn-°p-I. AXv Inń-sb∂p Xo¿®-bm-bm¬, At∏mƒ amXw AXv \nß-fpsS `mj-bn-em-°m≥ Ign-bp∂DØ-a-am¿§w GsX∂v Btem-Nn-°pI. Cßns\ sNøp-∂-Xn¬ aqe-K-Ÿ-Ønse ]Zm-\p-I-a-ßsf Ign-bp-∂X A\p-k-cn-t°-≠-Xp-≠v. c≠m-asØ `mj-bnse ssieohnti-j-ßƒ°v A¬]wt]mepw Du\w hcp-Øn-°q-Sm-Ø-Xp-am-Ip-∂p.'' Xs‚ Kpcp-hns‚ D]-tZi \n¿t±-i-ßƒ

101


100

FXn¿∏p-I-fpsS A·n Bfn-∏-S-cs´ F∂v CJv_mepw \n\-®p. -C-Jv_m-ens‚ L\-Kw-ò-c-amb au\w kap-Zm-bsØ k¿∆-hn-[-Ønepw sNmSn-∏n-®p. CJv_m¬ Xe-Xn-cn™ Hcp Ihn-bmWv; Abm-fpsS Nn¥-Iƒ a[p-c-Øn¬ s]mXn™ ]mjm-W-am-sW∂pw ap≥hn[n-Iƒ h∂p. CJv_m-ens\Hcp \mkvXn-I-\mbpw kap-Zmbw sX‰n-[-cn-®p. CJv_m¬ Hcmƒ°pamXta B ]cm-Xn-Iƒ°v adp-]Sn ]d-bm-\mhq F∂v Hcp ZiI-Øns‚hnS-hn∂p tijw CJv_m¬ sXfn-bn-®p. C∂v B ""Bh-em-Xn-Ifpw Bh-em-Xn-Iƒ°p≈ adp-]-Snbpw'' \mw Hcp-an®v ]kn-≤o-I-cn®pw thK-Øn¬hmbn®p Xo¿Øpw Bizmkw sIm≈p-∂p. CJv_m-ens‚ ""inIvh''hmbn®v h¿j-ß-fpsS ]cn-Nn¥-\-Iƒ°pw, N¿®-Iƒ°pw tijw amXtaPhm-s_-inIvh hmbn-°mhq F∂p≈ Hcp \qX-\m-i-bw B_p apt∂m´psh®n-cp-∂p. apkvenwIƒ CJv_m-ens‚ "\bm-in-hme' hmbn®v C\nbpwkwibw XocmØhcm-sW∂pw B_p ]d-bp-am-bn-cp-∂p. "\bm-in--hme'bn¬ thZ-hn-im-c-Z-\mb hn]s\ A`n-kw-t_m-[\ sNbvXp ]d-bp-I-bm-Wv: ""\nßƒ°v shdp∏p tXm∂p-I-bn-s√-¶n¬ Hcp kXyw Xpd∂p]dbmw˛ ]c-kv]cw sshcw sh°m-\mWv ]Tn-∏n-°p-∂-sX-¶n¬ \nß-fpsShnK-l-ßƒ ]g-©-\m-bn-t∏m-bn-cn-°p-∂p. ]c-kv]cw ]gn-]-d-bp-Ibpwsshcw h¿≤n-∏n-°p-Ibpw sNøp∂ "hAfp' (cm-]-kw-K-ßƒ) tIƒ°p-tºmƒ Rm\pw ]≈n-I-sfbpw ld-an-s\bpw Hgn-hm-°m≥ t\m°p-I-bm-Wv. kme-`-RvPn-I-I-fn¬ ssZh-ap-s≠∂v hniz-kn-°p-∂-h-cmWv \nßƒ;Fs‚ tZi-Øns‚ Hmtcm Xcn aÆnepw tZh-X-bp-s≠∂p hniz-kn-°p-∂-h-\m-Wv, Rm≥. \ap°v c≠p-t]¿°pw A]-cn-Nn-XXz-Øns‚ apJm-h-cWw \o°mw. th¿]n-cn™ F√m a\p-jy-k-tlm-Z-c-ß-sfbpw H∂n-∏n-°mw. \∑-Iƒ tImcn \nd-°msX lrZ-b-ß-sf√mw acp-`q-hmbnt∏mIp-∂p. hcq, \ap-s°mcp ]pXnb t£Xw ]Wn-bmw. F√m Xo¿∞mS\tIµ-ß-fnepw anI® Hcp Xo¿∞m-S-\-tI-µ-am-W-Xv. AXns‚ Xmgn-I-°pSw am\w ap´-Ww. F√m ]`m-X-Ønepw \ap-s°-√m-sam-cp-an-®n-cp∂va¥-am-e-]n-°mw. F√m ]qPm-cn-I-sfbpw kvt\l-Øns‚ a[p- cp-Nn-∏n-°mw. bYm¿∞ ‡-∑m-cpsS KoX-ß-fn¬ i‡nbpw im¥nbpw tNm¿∂pt]mbn- n-s√∂v t_m[n-∏n-°mw. kplrZv _‘-ß-fn-emWv F√m bp‡nbpwIpSn-sIm-≈p-∂-Xv.'' io\m-cm-bW Kpcphpw tIƒ∏n-°m-\p-t±-in-®Xv CXpXs∂-bmWv F∂v B_p hnizkn-°p-∂p. hnK-l-ßƒ°v ]m[m\ywI¬]n-°mØ kvt\l-Xo¿∞ßƒ; AhnsS F√m PmXn-a-X-ÿ-∑m-cp-sSbpw lrZ-b-ßƒ H∂n-°p-∂p. am\h kvt\l-Øn-s‚ a¥-ßƒ Dcp-hn´p tIƒ°p-∂p. Aw_-c-Npw-_n-bmb, CJv_m-ens‚ Bi-b-amWv Acp-hn-∏p-dsØ inh-t£Xw ]Wn-bp-∂-Xn-eqsS Kpcp ]mtbm-Kn-I-bmbnImWn®pX∂sX∂v hniz-kn-°p∂ Iq´-Øn-emWv H.-B-_p. Cu KŸ-Im-c≥ IpSp- mb a\-ÿn-Xn-bp≈ Hcp ]g-©≥ kp∂n-bmb "Im°'

Bflm¿∞-X-bpw A¿∞-hp-ap-≈-Xv, Fs‚ aX-tØmSv F\n°p _lp-am-\-hpw AXn¬ F\n°p hnizm-khpw D≈-Xp-sIm-≠v, Rm≥ F√m aX-ß-sfbpw _lp-am-\n-°p-I-bpw, Ahsb Rm≥ hniz-kn-°p-IbpwsNøp∂p F∂p ]d-bp-∂-Xn-emWv InS-°p-∂-Xv.'' B_p-hns‚ CkvemwaX-Øn-ep≈ AN-©e hnizm-ksØ∏‰n \√-t]mse Adn-bp-∂XpsIm≠m-bn-cn-°p-at√m Ip™-∏-bpsS hf-®p-sI-ń-√mØ Cu ]kvXm-hw.

io \mcm-b-Ws\ tI -dn™v At±-lsØ kµ¿in-®-hcn¬ kzmanhnth-Im-\-µ-\pw Km‘n-Pnbpw Dƒs∏-Sp-am-bn-cp-∂p. At±-l-Øns‚ Pohn-Xhpw XØzNn¥bpw Cu alm-c-Y-∑m-cn¬ hfsc aXn-∏p-f-hm-°n. Xo¿®-bmbpw Hcp kap-Zmb ]cn-jvI¿Ømhpw Hcp kap-≤m-c-I-\p-am-bn-cp∂ Cuk\ymkn hcy≥. lnµp-a-XsØ CkvemanI kn≤m-¥-ß-fp-ambn ASp-∏n-°p-∂-Xm-bn-cp-∂p. io \mcm-bW Kpcp ktµ-iw. t#Km‘n-bn-eq-sSbpwCJv_m-en-eq-sSbpw io \mcm-b-Ws‚ k¶-ev]-Ønse GI a\p-jy-\nepw GI-tem-I-Ønepw FØpI Ffp-∏-hp-am-bn-cp-∂p.

alm-i-b-∑m¿ F√m-hcpw am\-hn-ssI-Iy-Øn¬ Du∂n-bmWv Xß-fpsS Bi-b-ßƒ ]N-cn-∏n-®n-´p-≈-sX-∂mWv B_phpw hniz-kn-°p-∂-Xv. ssZh-Øm¬ \nbp-‡-cm-Ip∂ kmaqly ]cn-jvI¿Øm-°fpw Nn¥-I-cpw XØz⁄m-\n-Ifpw Ihn-I-fp-sa√mw Ah-cpsS ZuXy \n¿∆-lWwBZyw Xß-fpsS Np‰p-]m-Sn-emWv \S-Øp-∂-Xv. ]ns∂ AXn-cp-Iƒ°-∏p-d-Øp-≈-hcpw AXv i≤n-°p-∂p. AXn-cp-Iƒ C√mØ Hcp temI-ØnseDØa ]uc-∑m-cmbn temIw Ahsc AwKo-I-cn-°m≥ A¬]w sshIp-∂p-sh∂p amXw. Xs‚ Kpcp-°-fmb CJv_mepw io\m-cm-bW Kpcpkzman-Ifpw BZy-amZyw FXn¿∏p-Ifpw _ln-jvI-c-W-ßfpw A\p-`-hn-®-h-cm-bn-cp-∂p. Ime-L-´-ßƒ apt∂m´p t]mb-t∏mƒ Ah¿ alm-]p-cp-j-∑m-cm-bn. CJv_m-en-s\-bpw io\m-cm-bW Kpcphns\bpw lmen-sb-bpwC_v\p-A-d-_n-sb-bpw ]‰n B_p [mcmfw Fgp-Xn. alm-∑m-cmb F√m-h-cp-sSbpw Ipń-°me Pohn-X-Øn-te°pw At±lw IuXp-I-tØmsS Xncn-™p-t\m-°n-bn-´p-≠v. CJv_m-ens‚ inIvhbpw Phms_ inIvhbpwAt±lw ae-bm-fn-Iƒ°v ]cn-N-b-s∏-SpØnØ∂n- p-≠v. A√mlp apkvenwkap-Zm-b-sØ Ah-K-Wn-°p-∂-Xn-ep≈ ]cn-`-h-ß-fm-bn-cp∂p CJv_m-en-s‚- inIvhx. A√m-lp-hns‚ B⁄-Iƒ A£cw]Xn A\p-k-cn-®v,temI-Øns‚ F√m tImWp-I-fnepw ]ms™-Øn, Xulo-Zns‚ ZuXywBflm¿∞-ambn \n¿∆-ln® Xß-fpsS t\¿t°m CX-amXw ISpØAh-K-W-\bpw Ah-⁄bpw \n∂n¬ \n∂p Inń-h-cp-∂-sX-∂p≈ Bh-em-Xn-I-fmWv apkvenwI-fpsS ]Xn-\n-[n-sb∂ \ne-bn¬ CJv_m¬ ssZh-Øns‚ ap∂n¬ sh°p-∂-Xv. AXptI´v apkvenw kap-Zmbw Xs∂ sRń.CX ISpØ `mj-bn¬ A√m-lpsh Bt£-]n-°p∂ Ihn°v Im^n-dns‚ kzc-am-Wp-≈-sX-∂m-bn-cp∂p apkvenw kap-Zmbw apZ-b-Sn®Xv.

103


102

kn-t\mSv io\mcm-b-W-Kpcp kzman-Isf D]-an-®n- p-≠v. ""s]s´∂v bp‡n]c-amb Hcp \oXn-im-kvXw apt∂m´psh®-Xn-ep≈ ]niIv tkmI-ó-kn∂p]‰n-t∏m-bn´ps≠¶nepw Kpcp ioLKXn-bn¬ NcnXsØ cq]-s∏-Sp-Øm≥ian-®n-√. ]kn≤ \ncq-]-I-\mb sI.]n A∏s‚ hm°p-I-fn¬ ""At±lwhnK-l-ß-fn¬ \n∂v GI-ssZ-h-Øn-te-°pw, t£X-ß-fpsS ÿm\ØvhnZym-e-b-ßƒ F∂ Bi-b-Øn-te°pw P\-X-bpsS BKlßsf Xmf-Øn¬ ebn-∏n-°p∂ coXn-bmWv kzoI-cn-®-Xv.'' ssZh tIµ-am-\-hn-I-X-bn-em-bn-cp∂p Kpcp-hns‚ t\m´sa∂v B_p Is≠-Øn. CXp aX-ß-fp-sS-sb√mw tIµ_n-µp-hm-bn-cp-∂p. BNm-c-ßƒ°-∏pdw, A\p-jvTm-\-ßƒ°-∏pdw Hcp ssZh-ln-X-amWv am\p-jn-I-X. Cu am\p-jn-I-XsbIpgn®p aqSn-s°m≠v \ne\n¬°m-sa∂v Hcp aXhpw hymtamlnt°-≠.""Zmln®p he™ Hcp \mb°v sh≈w tImcns°mSpØ Hcp kvXosb''kz¿§m-h-Im-in-bm-sWt∂mXnb apl-ΩZv \_nbpw am\-hn-I-X-bpsS al-Ømb amXrI ImWn-®n-´p-≠v. AXp-sIm≠v \√-h-cmb F√m a\p-jycpwtN¿∂m-Wv, Cug-h≥ amXa√, Kpcp -hns‚ ktµiw ]N-cn -∏n -t°≠sX∂ ktµ-i-amWv B_p-hns‚ D¬Ir„ IrXn \¬Ip-∂-Xv.

BZy-amZyw Ihn-X-Iƒ cNn-®n-cp∂p io aq¿t°mØv ]ns∂ KZy-cw-KØv Imep-d-∏n-®-Xv, Xs∂-°mƒ anI® Ihn-X-I-sf-gp-Xn-bn-cp∂ Ipam-c-\m-im-\p-ambn ASpØ _‘w ]pe¿Øn-bXp apX¬°m-sW-∂-dn-bp-∂p. Ipam-c-\m-ims‚ ""hoW-]qhv'' Ipam-cs‚ ""anX-hm-Zn-''bn-em-bn-cp∂pBZy-ambn ]kn-≤o-I-cn-®n-cp-∂-Xv. ""io\mcm-bW Infn-∏mń''s‚ cN-\bpwAt±lw thK-Øn¬ \n¿Øn. BZysØ B≤ym-b-am-b,""alm-tbmKn'amXta Fgp-Xn-∏q¿Øo-I-cn-®n-cp-∂p-≈q. CXn-\Iw KZy-cw-KsØ alm-I-hn-bm-bn KZy-I-hn-bmbn ˛ io aq¿t°m-Øns\ kmln-Xy-temIw hnti-jn-∏n®p XpS-ßn-bn-cp∂p. hnh¿Ø\-cw-K-sØbpw AXpey ]Xn-`-bm-bn-cp∂p Cu kmln-Xy-\m-b-I≥. Kpcpkzman-I-fpsS kwkvIr-X-ØnsethZm¥ KŸw ae-bm-f-Øn¬ hnh¿Ø\w sNbvX-XmWv "Z¿i-\-ame'.]k∂ a[p-c-hpw \¿Ω-N-Sp-e-hpam-bn-cp∂p aq¿t°m-Øns‚ `mj. Bssien-bpsS hmbvØ-e°p \√ aq¿®-bp-ap≠mbn-cp-∂p. s\Sp-\m-fsØ]X-]-h¿Ø-\-am-bn-cp∂ At±-l-Ønse KZy-Im-cs\ hf¿Øn-s°m≠ph∂-Xv. "tIcf Nn¥m-aWn', "anX-hm-Zn', "Bfl t]mjnWn', "hnZym-ebw',"[¿Ωw' "Zo]w'-˛-C-sX√mw At±lw ]Xm-[n-]Xyw hln® ]X-ß-fm-bn-cp-∂p. CXn¬ an°-Xnepw Xe-Im-Wn-°m≥ B_p-hn\pw Ah-kcw Inń-bn-cp-∂p. aq¿t°mØv ssIIƒ ]n∂n¬ ]nW®p sIń ]d™p sImSpØ]e teJ-\-ßfpw am‰-Øn-cp-Ø-ep-Iƒ H∂pw hcp-ØmsX ]X-am-ô-kp-I-fn-te-s°-Øn®p sImSpØ A\p-`hw B_p A\p-kva-cn-®n-´p-≠v.aq¿t°mØv ssIsh-°mØ kmlnXy imJ-bn-s√∂p ]d-bmw. "t\mh-ep-'Isf \qX\ ]ÿm-\-ambn e£W \n¿Æbw \S-Øn-bXv At±-l-

bmsW∂v [cn-°p-∂-h-cp-≠v. aq¿t°mØv Ipam-c≥ AXp-sIm-≠mWv ]d-™Xv ""CXv "Im°' hnf-°-√m, s]tSm-amIvkv BWv'' F-∂v.

"Kpcp-hns‚ Nn¥-Iƒ temI-a-tßm-f-an-tßmfw hym]n-∏n-°p-∂XvXulo-Zns‚ kn≤m¥w ]N-cn-∏n-°p-∂-Xn∂v kam-\-am-Ip-sa∂v B_pNn¥n-®p. io \mcm-b-Ws‚ A\p-bm-bn-Iƒ al-Ømb KpcpZ¿i-\sØAew-`m-h-tØmsS ssIImcyw sNøp-∂Xv am\-h-Ip-e-tØmSp Xs∂sNøp∂ Iqc-X-bm-sW∂pw B_p hniz-kn-®p. efnX kpµ-c-amb HcpBi-b-Øns‚ aq¿®-tb-dnb Bbp-[-hpw AXn∂\ptbm-Py-amb kmlnXykº-Øp-amWv Kpcp-hns‚ Np‰p-ap-≈-Xv. PmXn-hy-hÿ sIm≠pw, ]utcm-lnXy ta[m-hnXzw sIm≠pw No™p \mdnb tIcfaÆns\ DgpXp adn-°p-I-bmWv ]≠v amenIv Zo\m-dpw kwLhpw sNbvX t]mse io \mcm-bW kwLw sNøm≥ ian-®-Xv. B iaw Fhn-sS-tbm-sh®v ]mfn-t∏m-Ip-∂p. P\XXn-Iƒ -hn-Zym-`ymkw sIm≠v ]_p-≤-am-I-W-sa∂v Zo¿L-Z¿in-bmb Kpcp ]d™v a\- n-em-°n-Ø-∂p. BImiw t]mse ]c∂Hcp Iym≥hm -km -bn -cp∂p At± -l-Øn -∂p -≠m -bn -cp -∂-X v .""D¬^p√_mechn t]mse- Im-¥nam-''\m-bn-cp∂p At±-lw. A\¥tjWmbnsb t]mse-bp≈ _m“-W-\v, B\µ h¿≤-\-\m-bn io \mcm-bW kwL-Øn¬ tN¿∂p ]h¿Øn-°m≥ Ign-™p. At±lw Dgp-XnáÆn-em-bn-cp∂p Fw.kn tPmk- n-s\-t∏m-ep≈hcpsS bp‡nhmZw thtcm-Sn-b-Xv. ""a\p-jy\v a\p-jy-Xz-amWv PmXn'' F∂p ]d-bp∂ ]ÿm-\-tØm-S-Sp-°m≥ Ip‰n-∏pg IrjvW-∏n≈°pw Xßƒ Ip™p apkveym¿°pwh°w A–p¬ JmZ¿ aue-hn°pw Fw.kn tPmk-^n\pw kwi-bn®p\n¬t°≠n h∂n-ń-√. Ckveman\pw k\m-X\ [¿a-Øn\p Xs∂bpwA]-cn-Nn-X-a-√mØ Bi-b-am-bn-cp∂p AXv. lnµp-th-Zm¥Øns‚ auen-I-amb Hcp Z¿i\w Xs∂-bm-bn-cp-∂p, kzmanPn s]mSn Xń ]pd-sØ-Sp-Ø-Xv. ""t\Sp-∂-Xn-e√m \¬Ip-∂-Xn-emWv'' B\µw IpSn-sIm≈p∂sX∂vAt±lw ]d-™p. ""Rm≥ F∂pw \osb-∂p-ap≈ hn`-P-\-Øns‚aXn¬s°´p XI¿°m≥'' Blzm\w sNbvXp. ]ptcm-K-Xnsb ]‰n At±-l-Øns‚ k¶¬]w "\oXn km¿∆-Xn-I-am-°pI' F∂-Xm-bn-cp-∂p.A[xÿnX¿ hnZym-`ymkw sIm≠v kº-∂-cm-I-W-sa∂v Kpcp D]-tZ-in-®p. "io\mcm-b-Ws‚ GI-temIw' cNn-°p-tºmƒ aq¿t°mØv Ipam-c-\n¬ \n∂p a\- n-em-°nb Kpcp-sh-∏‰nbp≈ ]mT-ß-sf√mw B_p-hns‚a\- n¬ Xfn-cn-´p \n¬-°p-∂p-≠m-bn-cp∂p. io\mcm-bW kzman-Isf∏‰nkzX-¥-amb, Bg-Øn-ep≈ ]T-\-ßƒ AXn∂p apsº Xs∂ At±lw\S-Øn-bn-cp-∂p. ]pXp-a-Iƒ \nd™ Hcp kao-]\w sIm≠v it≤-b-am-b-XmWv B_p-hns‚ Kpcp IrXn. At\Iw Kpcp-in-jy-∑m¿ t\m°n-°≠coXn-bn-e-√, B cN-\. B_p, ]pcm-X\ bh-\-kw-kvIm-csØ X≈n-s°m≠v bp‡n-]-c-amb Hcp \oXn-imkvXw apt∂m´p sh® tkmI-ó-

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104

KŸ-I¿Øm-hns\∏‰n ]kvXm-hn-°m-\p-≠m-bn-cp-∂Xv Cß-s\-bm-bn-cp-∂p. ""klr-Z-b-\pw hnim-e-mib\pamb an. B_p-hns\ Rßƒ Hcn-°epw ad-°p-∂-X-√. Cu KŸ-Øns‚ ]I¿∏-h-Imiw io\mcm-b-W[¿ΩkwL-Øn-te°v X∂n-´p-≈-Xn\v Hcp IrX-⁄X amXta RßƒtcJ-s∏-Sp-Øp-∂p-≈q.''

1930˛emWv aq¿t°mØv Ipam-cs‚ ""io\mcm-bW Kpcp'' ]kn-≤o-I-cn-®-Xv. As°m-√sØ G‰hpw \√ ae-bmf KŸw F∂ \nebv°vKh¿ta≠v KŸ-Im-c\v 400 I kΩm\w \¬In. [mcmfw KŸ-ßƒhmbn®v ]Tn-s®-gp-Xnb tbmKm- ym-ksØ∏‰n-bp≈ hni-Z-amb Hcp teJ\wCu KŸ-Øn\v am‰p Iqń-bn-cp-∂p. aq¿t°m-Øns‚ ""bmZ-h-Ir-jvW''\pwas‰mcp \nkvXpe IrXn-bm-bn-cp-∂p. kz¿Æ-sa-U-en-∂¿l-amb "io\mcm-b-Ws‚ GI-temIw' F∂ B-_p-hns‚ kpZo¿L-amb teJ\w1954˛embn-cp∂p io \mcm-bW SÃv, ]pkvXI cq]-Øn¬ ]kn-≤o-I-cn-®-Xv.

Xs‚ tijvT-cmb A≤ym-]-I-cmbn aq¿t°mØv Ipam-c≥ aq∂p-t]sc ]tXyIw Hm¿Ωn-®n-cp-∂-Xmbn B_p ]d-bp-∂Xv ioam≥am¿ ]\-tßm-S≥ cma-s\-bpw XØ-°-Wm-c-s\-bpw _Æ≥ tImtf-Pnse ]^-k¿ dkm-cn-tb-bp-am-bn-cp-∂p.

"io\mcm-b-Ws‚ GI-temIw' F∂ IrXn B_p-hns‚ BZy-Ime IrXn-I-fn-sem-∂m-hm-\mWv km[y-X. io\mcm-bW SÃv Cu IrXn]kn-≤o-I-cn-°p-∂-Xn¬ A¬]-ImeXmakw hcp-Øn-bn-cn-°mw. CJv_m-ens\ D≤-cn®p sIm≠mWv CXn¬ CkvemanI Bi-b-ßƒ hy‡-am-°p-∂-Xv. CØcw Hcp IrXn cNn-°p-tºmƒ Bh-iy-amb, Akm-[m-c-W-amb Bfl kwb-a\w ]men®p ImWp-∂-Xn¬ KŸ-Im-cs\ FX «mLn-®mepw aXn-b-mhn-√. io\mcm-b-W≥ \n¿t±-in® am¿§w aX-ß-fpsS GI-tem-I-Øn-te-°p-≈-X-√, a\p-jy-cpsS GI-tem-I-Øn-te-°p-≈-Xm-sW∂phy‡-am-°m≥ At±lw aSn-°p-∂n-√. AXv hnizm-kn-I-fpw kvt\l-io-e-cp-amb a\p-jy-cpsS GI temI-am-Wv. Km‘n-Pnsb D≤-cn®p ]d-bp-∂p.""GI-a-√mØ Hcp temI-Øn¬ Pohn-°m≥ Rm≥ CjvSs∏-Sp-∂n-√''.I¨^yq-j v Ipd®p IqSn hnkvX-cn-®mWv ]d-™-Xv. ""a\pjy PohnXwXpey-]-[m-\-ß-fmb aq∂p e£y-ßsf D∂w sh®p sIm≠mWv apt∂-dp-∂-Xv. H∂v Xt∂mSpw IpSpw-_-tØm-Sp-ap≈ IS-∏mSv; c≠v cm„-tØmSp≈ IS-∏mSv; aq∂v, temI-tØm-Sp≈ IS-∏mSv.'' ""_p≤nPohn-Iƒ`cn-°p∂ Hcp temI-Øn\p th≠n-bmWv Republic F∂ KŸ-Øn¬πmt‰mhpw hmZn-®-Xv.'' aXhpw GI-tem-IsØ D∂w sh°p∂p; F∂m¬aX-ÿ-cpsS Ne-\-Øn¬ IqSn-bm-Wt√m aXsØ Is≠-Øp-I. h©-I-\mb aX-ÿ-\mWv Ft∏mgpw Ip‰-°m-c≥. ""kz¥w Xm¬]-cy-ß-fpsSB[n]Xyw hln-°p∂ Xe-∏m-hv, aX-ß-fpsS Xe-bn¬ sh®psI´p-hm≥

am-Wv. "t\mh¬'F∂ ]Zw ae-bmf `mj, AtX t]cn¬ kzoI-cn-°-W-sa∂v BZy-ambn ]d-™Xpw At±-l-am-bn-cp-∂p. F∂m¬ Io‰vkns‚hniz-]-kn-≤-amb "Ck-s_√' F∂ hnjm-Zm-¥-amb IrXn, Bim-Ip-e-bmbn hnh¿Ø\w sNbvXt∏mƒ A¥y-Øn¬ hcp-Ønb am‰-ß-fpsSt]cn¬ aq¿t°mØpw hna¿i-\-ßƒ G‰p hmßn-bn-´p-≠v.

ap¿t°mØv Ipam-cs‚ ]pX≥ Ip™-∏-sb-gp-Xnb ]nXm-hns‚Poh-N-cn-X-Øn¬, ]nXm-hns‚ Nne k¥X kl-Nm-cn-I-fpsS t]cp-IƒFSpØp ]d™ Iq´-Øn¬ H. B_p-hp-ap-≠v. a‰p ]ap-J¿ kzman Kpcp-]-km-Zpw Sn.-bp.tKm]m-e-\pw Fw.-]n.- Nm-Øp-°p-ń -d-Pn-kvSm-dpw Ipdp-°≥I≠n A–p-≈bpw bp.-sI.IWmcn -ssh-Zy-cp-am-Wv. Ch¿°v Hmtcm-cp-Ø¿°pw ]nXm-hn-s\-∏‰n ]e hkvXp-X-Ifpw ]d-bm-\p-≠m-Ip-sa∂pwAt±lw ]d-bp-∂p. B_psh ]‰n ]tXy-I-ambn Cßs\ ]cm-a¿in-°p-∂p: ""aq¿t°mØv Ipam-c≥ Hcp ]uc][m\n'' F∂ hnj-b-Øn¬H.B_p hnNm-cn-®m¬ Hcp KŸw Xs∂ Fgp-Xm≥ km[n-°pw. B_p,Ipam-c≥ amÃ-cpsS injy\pw ]e-t∏mgpw At±-l-Øns‚ teJ-\-ßƒFgpXns°mSpØ bphm-hp-am-bn-cp∂p.'' aq¿t°mØv cmapÆn Fgp-XnbA\p-kva-c--W-°p-dn-∏n¬ At±-lhpw B_phpw Hcpan®p If-cn-∏-b‰v A`y-kn-°m≥ t]mb Imcyw ]d-bp-∂p-≠v. B_p-hns‚ Xma-k-ÿ-e-amb tN‰wIp∂ns‚ ASp-Øp≈ ]≈n-°p-∂nse Hcp Hme-ta™ sIm®p `h-\-am-bn-cp∂p aq¿t°mØns‚ Xd-hmSv `h-\w.

B_p Xs‚ am¿§Z¿in-bmb Kpcpsh∏‰n FgpXn: ""Rm\n-t∏mƒBtcm-Ky-hm-\-√. aq¿t°m-Øn-s\∏‰n Hm¿°p-tºmƒ Fs‚ Cu A\m-tcm-Kym-h-ÿ-bn¬ t]mepw F\n°v imco-cn-I-amb Hcp DW¿∆pw am\-knI ]k-cn∏pw A\p-`-h-s∏-Sp-I-bm-Wv. ssIIƒ ]n∂n¬ ]nW®p sIń,hmb\mapdn-bn-eqsS Atßm- p-an-tßm´pw emØnbpw sIm≠pw, Nne-t∏mƒHmôkv apdn-bnse Nmcp Itk-c-bn¬ InS∂pw At±lw Fs∂-s°m≠vteJ-\-ßƒ ]d-s™-gp-Xn®p t]mcm-dp-≈Xv Ct∏mƒ ASp-sØ-ßm-\p-sat∂m Bbn-cp∂psh∂v tXm∂n-t∏m-Ip-∂p. KpW-Nn-Ø-\m-bn-cp∂ B\√ a\p-jy≥ A∂m coXn-bn¬ ]cn-io-e\w \¬In-bn-cp-∂-Xn¬ \n∂vDbn¿sIm-≠mWv C∂p Rm≥ CX-sb-¶nepw IpØn-°p-dn-®-gp-Xm≥]m]vX-\m-bXv F∂v Rm≥ kvacn-°p-∂p.'' Xms\-gp-Xnb ""io\mcm-b-Ws‚ GI temIw'' F∂ IrXn io aq¿t°mØv Ipam-cs‚ ]mh-\-kva-c-W-°mWv B_p ka¿∏n-®-Xv. lrZ-b-kv]¿in-bmb GXm\pw hm°p-I-fn-em-bn-cp∂p ka¿∏-Ww. ""Fs‚ Zp¿∫-e-amb Iøn¬ XqenI ]nSn-∏n-°p-Ibpw AXv Nen-∏n-t°-≠Xv Fßn-s\-sb∂v Fs∂ ]cn-io-en-∏n-°p-Ibpw sNbvX, aä-d™p t]mb tIcf`mjm NI-h¿Øn ioaq¿t°mØv Ipam-c≥ Ah¿I-fpsS ]mh-\-kva-c-W-bv°v.'' ]pkvXIw ]kn-≤o-I-cn® h¿°e inh-Kncn aT-Ønse io\mcm-bW [¿ΩkwL-Øn\v

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106

sIm≠m-hWw \√ a\p-jy-\m-Im≥ F∂ imTyw At±-l-Øns‚ hcn-I-fn¬ ImWmw. Hcp k¿∆ aX ktΩ-f\w hnfn-®p-Iq-ńb io\mcm-bWkzman-Iƒ ktΩ-f-\m-\-¥cw ]kvXm-hn-®Xv Cß-s\-bm-Wv. ""F√m aX-ß-fpsSbpw ]c-tam-t±iyw H∂m-sW∂pw `n∂-a-Xm-\p-bm-bn-Iƒ XΩn¬Ie-ln-®n-´m-h-iy-an-s√∂pw Cu aXalm -k-tΩ-f\Øn¬ \S∂ ]kw-K-ßƒ shfn-s∏-Sp-Øn-bn-cn-°p-∂p.'' a\p-jy≥ Xń-°q-ńb "eoKv Hm^v\mj≥kv' s]mfn-™p-t]m-bXv [m¿Ωn-Im-Sn-ÿm\w C√mØXpsIm-≠m-bn-cp∂psh∂pw B_p Nq≠n-°m-´p-∂p.

Imfn-Zm-ks‚ cN-\-I-sf√mw lnµp CXn-lm-kßsfbpw ]pcm-W-ß-sfbpw ASn-ÿm-\-am-°n-bm-bn-cp-s∂-¶nepw At±-lsØ alm-I-hn-sb-∂-√m-sX, lnµp alm-Ihn F∂mcpw apZ-b-Sn-®n-√. F∂m¬ hniz-a-lm-Ihn CJv_m-ens\ Hcp CkvemanÃv amX-ambn kmlnXy temIw sX‰n-≤-cn-®n-´p-≠v. CJv_m¬, k¿ B¿t\mƒUv \n°¬kWv Fgp-XnbIØn¬ Xs‚ \ne-]mSv hni-Zo-I-cn®Xv Cß-s\-bmWv: ""Fs‚ XØzNn¥-Iƒ km¿∆-P-\o-\-am-sW-¶nepw Ah ]tXyI kap-Zm-b-sØ kwt_m-[-\- sNøp-∂Xm-I-bm¬ k¶p-Nn-X-ambnt∏mbn-´ps≠∂ Xm¶-fpsSBt£]w Hcp hn[-Øn¬ icn-bm-Wv. a\p-jy-Xz-Øns‚ e£yw km¿∆-P-\o-\-amb hn[-Øn¬ Rms\s‚ Ihn-X-I-fn¬ ]Xn-]m-Zn-®n-cn-°p∂p.F∂m¬ XmZr-i-e-£ysØ IqSp-X¬ ê-h-Øm-°n-Øo¿°p-∂-Xn-\pw,]mtbm-KnI Pohn-X-Ønte°v AXns\ B\-bn-°p-∂-Xn\pw Ihn-I-sf-tbm XØz-Nn-¥-I-sctbm km¿∆-Xn-I-amb cwKw Ah-ew-_n-°p-∂-Xn\v\n¿_-‘n®p IqSm-Ø-Xm-Ip-∂p. Hcp ÿnc-amb hnizm-khpw Hcp \n›nXPohnX ]≤-Xnbpw Dƒs°m-≈p∂ Hcp ]tXyI "skmssk-‰nsb' Ah¿Xß-fpsS ]t_m-[-\-cw-K-ambn ]cn-an-X-s∏-Sp-Øp-Ibpw ]mtbm-Kn-I- am-Xr-I-Ifmepw ]h¿Ø-\-ß-fmepw ]kvXpX ]cn-[nsb hnimes∏Sp-Øn-s°m-≠n-cn-°p-Ibpw sNøpw XZ--\p-Iq-e-amb Hcp skmssk‰n Fs∂kw_-‘n-t®-S-tØmfw apkvenw kap-Zm-b-am-Wv. ""a\p-jy-e-£y-Øns‚]ptcm-K-a\ am¿§-a-t≤y-bp≈ ]md-s°-´p-I-fm-Ip∂ h¿§-am-lm-fly-sØbpw h¿Æ hyXym-k-sØbpw Ckvemw Ft∏mgpw hnP-b-]q¿∆wFXn¿Øn-´p-≠v. a\p-jy-Xz-Øns‚ alm-iXp ]kvXpX h¿§-ß-fn-ep≈hnizm-k-am-Ip-∂p. a\p-jy-h¿§sØ kvt\ln-°p-∂-h-cpsS ][m\I¿Øhyw ]nim-Nn-\m¬ \n¿Ωn-X-amb ]kvXpX hnizm-k-Øns‚ t\scka-c-]-XmI Db¿Øp-I-bm-Wv. h¿§o-b-X, (AXns‚ ASn-ÿm\w h¿§wAs√-¶n¬ q]camb AXn-cp-I-fmWv) apkvenaoß-fpsS CS-bn¬ thcq∂nhcp-∂-Xmbn Rm≥ ImWp-∂p. AXpsIm≠v Rm≥, Hcp apk¬ams‚\ne-bn-epw, AXnepw hnti-jn®p a\p-jy-m\p-`m-hn-sb∂ \ne-bn-epw, Ah-cpsS bYm¿∞ e£yw kakvX P\-X-bpsS A`n-hr-≤n-bpw -hn-Im-k-hp-am-sW∂v Ahsc DW¿Øp-hm≥ BK-ln-°p-∂p.''

aX-ÿ≥ D’p-I-\m-bn-cp-∂n-s√-¶n¬ A]-i-–-ß-fpsS Cu ImeL´wD¤-hn-°p-am-bn-cp-∂n-√.'' B_p-hnse ]gb tkmjy-enÃv ]d-bp-∂p. ""aX-ß-sf√mw D¤-hn-®Xv a¿±nX h¿§-Øns‚ D≤m-c-W-Øn\p th≠nbmWv.tNmc-∏p-g-sbm-gp-°epw ]ń-Wn-Øo-øn¬ Zln-∏n-°epw aX-ß-fpsS kz`m-h-a-√. ]cn-]m-Sn-bnepw am¿§-Ønepw hyXykvX kz`m-h-ap-s≠-∂n-cn-°nepwe£ysØ kw_-‘n-®n-S-tØmfw aX-ßƒs°√mw ]c-a-amb Hssc-I-cq]yw Ds≠-∂p≈ hkvXpX \ntj[n°m-hp-∂-X-√. io\mcm-b-Ws‚GI-temI k¶¬]-Øn\v aX-ßƒ Hcn-°epw FXn-c√; aX-ÿ-cmWvFXncv \n¬°p-∂-sX∂v ]d-bp-∂Xv ""a\p-jys\'' aX-ÿ¿ ]e-t∏mgpw"D≈-h-\pw C√m-Ø-h\pw', "DØ-a-\pw A[-a\pw', "D¬]m-Zn-∏n-°p-∂-h\pwA\p-`-hn-°p-∂-h\pw', "sXmgn-em-fnbpw apX-em-fnbpw' B-bn-´mWv ImWp-∂-Xv. aXm-[n-]-Xn-Iƒ hne°p hmß-s∏-Sp-I-bpw, aX KŸ-ßfpw imkvX-ß-fp-sa-SpØ ssII-fn¬ I\Ø JPm-\-I-fpsS Xmt°m-ep-Iƒ FSp-°-s∏-Sp-Ibpw sNøp-∂-Xmbn KŸ-Im-c≥ Btcm-]n-°p-∂p. ""io\mcm-bWktµ-i-ß-fpsS aqeyhpw Im¥nbpw Kln-∏m≥ a\p-jy-ap-t∂-‰-Øns‚IY-I-fpsS ]›m-Ø-e-Øn¬ Ah ]cn-tim-[n-°-s∏-tS-≠n-bn-cn-°p-∂p.''""aX-ßƒ Bflm-hn-s\-°p-dn®v kwkm-cn-°p-∂p. km[m-c-W-°m-c-\m-hs´,hni-∏n-s\-°p-dn-®pw. ""a\p-jys‚ apt∂-‰-Øn-ep≈ hnP-b-ß-sf√mw Xs∂B¥-cn-I-amb ]h¿Ø\ e-ß-fm-bn-cn-°Ww F∂p aXw ]_-e-ambnkn≤m-¥n-°p∂p.'' Cuizc-s\bpw aXXØz-ß-sfbpw _en-I-gn-®p≈ Hcpapt∂-‰-sØbpw AwKo-I-cn-°p∂ Bf√ B_p. ssZh-\n-tj-[n-bmbslK-ens\∏‰n B_p Fgp-Xn-bXv Cß-s\-bm-Wv. ""At±lw ]]©XØzsØ At\z-jn-®-t\z-jn®v sshcp≤yhmZ-Øn¬ IqSn Ah-km\wFØn-t®¿∂Xv Cuiz-c-\n-em-Wv. ]]-©-Øns‚ BZn Imc-W-ambn Hcpi‡n-bp-s≠∂v At±lw ]Jym-]n®p. sshcp≤y hmZ-Øns‚ Ah-Xm-c-I-\mb slK¬ BZ¿ihmZn--bmbn ]cn-W-an-®p.''

Nn¥m-]-c-amb Nne kvJen-X-ß-fn¬ hoWp t]mhp-s∂-¶nepw thKwAXn¬ \n∂p Dbn¿sØ-gp-t∂‰p icn-bmb Ckvem-anI [mc-bn-te°vB_p hcp∂ ImgvN ""io\mcm-b-Ws‚ GItemI''Øn¬ ImWmw.B_p-hn¬ \n∂p h∂ CkvemanIa√mØ Hcp hmIy-am-Wv. ""ssZhm-⁄-°p-]-cn-bmbn Ime-Øns‚ I¬]-\bv°v BZw \_n-bpsS lrZ-b-Øn¬ t]cW sNep-Øp-hm≥ Ign-™Xp \nanØw At±lhpw]Xv\nbpw kz¿§-Øn¬ \n∂v _ln-jvI-cn-°-s∏-´p.'' "Ime-Øns‚ I¬]-\bv°v' F∂Xv Hcp ]t£ ]km-[-I¿ hcp-Ønb ]cn-jvI-c-W-am-Iptam?.

""aX-ta-Xm-bmepw a\p-jy-≥ \∂mIWw'' F∂-Xns\ ""aX-ta-Xm-bmepw a\p-jy≥ \∂m-bm¬ aXn'' F∂p ]d-bp-tºmƒ hcp∂ A¿∞hyXym-k-sØ-∏‰n B_p th≠X PmKX ]pe¿Øn-bn-´p-≠v. lnµphpwIrkvXym-\n-bpw apk¬am\pw Ahs‚ aXm-[njvTn-X-amb PohnXw \bn®p

t\Xr-kvar-Xn-k-©nI H.-B_p

108

CJv_m-ens‚ A\p-bm-bn-bmb B_phpw ""io\mcm-b-Ws‚ GItemIw'' F∂ IrXn-bpsS cN-\-bn-eqsS ""Hcp apk¬ams‚ \ne-bnepwAXnepw hnti-jn®v a\p-jym-\p-`m-hn-sb∂ \ne-bnepw'' Xs‚ ZuXyw\n¿∆-ln-®n-cn-°p-I-bm-Wv. aq¿t°mØv Ipam-c-s‚-bpw Ip´n-Ir-jvW-am-cm-cp-sSbpw Ipeo-\-amb mjm-ssien kzmb-Ø-am°n, sshhn≤yw \nd™\m¬]-tXmfw IrXn-I-fn-eqsS tIc-f- km-lnXyImc-∑m-cpsS ap≥\n-c-bn¬Xs∂ KWy-amb Hcp ÿm\w B_p t\Sn-sb-Sp-Øn-cn-°p-∂p. Hcm-bp-jvImew apgp-h-\p-amWv At±lw kmlnXo tkh-\-Øn\p th≠n\o°nsh®-Xv.

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