OSLO GROUP ON ENERGY STATISTICS HELSINKI, FINLAND, 23-26 OCTOBER 2012

Azerbaijan’s experience in making Energy balance

Rauf Gurbanov, Head of the unit on Energy statistics

of the State Statistical Committee of the Republic of Azerbaijan

raufg@azstat.org

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Brief history

First decisions for improvement of energy statistics (2006-2007) National methodology and recommendations on energy statistics

(2007-2012); National recommendations on energy statistics indicators (2007,

2009, 2010); Improvement of questionnaires according to energy balance

(Eurostat, IRES) (2007-2012); Creating of model of energy balance

(on the base of Eurostat from 2007 up to 2010), (since 2011 IRES); Agreement structure of balance with all relation government

organizations, IEA and adaptation (2007-2008); Compilation energy balance (2008); Publication new energy balance (2008);

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Step by step for implementation new structure

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Learning of structure of balance of IEA and Eurostat

(2006-2007)

Creating of model of energy balance on the base of Eurostat

( February, 2007)

Agreement structure of balance with all relation government organization

(December, 2007)

Submitted to Cabinet Ministries(December, 2007)

Reference from IEA, seminars, discussion, creating of working group

(2007-2008)

Text 1 for chapter 5 ... Previous structure of Energy Balance

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Item Balance items

1. Resources

1.1 Extraction (production)

1.2 Import

1.3 Stock at the beginning of year

2. Distribution

2.1 Consumption inside of the country

including:

2.1.1 conversion into other type of energy

2.1.2 production–technological and other needs

2.2 Losses

2.3 Export

2.4 Stock at the end of year

12 rows

Bad practice – wrong waySome countries, especially former soviet union countries, also Republic of Azerbaijan fuel-energy balance has been compiled once in every 5 years. Since 1930, commodity balances of main energy products (oil, gas, electricity) and once in every 5 years from 1950 to 1990 fuel-energy balance were published. After gaining of the independence by the Republic of Azerbaijan there was published fuel-energy balance based on old structure from 1991 to 2007. Old structure of the energy balance is given below:

Example previous Energy Balance with data

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5.21 Fuel-energy balances in 2006 (thousand ton conditional fuel)             

 

Fuel-energy

resources- total

Natural fuel Other

kind of fuel-

energy resources

total

including: crude oil, including

gas condensat

e

natural gas

other

Resources 76 643 60 733 46 981 13 720 32 15 910Stock to the beginning of the year 2 593 1 842 838 997 7 751Production (extraction) 68 483 53 745 46 143 7 583 19 14 738Import 5 567 5 146 - 5 140 6 421

Distribution 76 643 60 733 46 981 13 720 32 15 910Domestic consumption 32 786 22 475 10 799 11 654 22 10 311conversion of energy (electricity and heating) 7 993 6 058 - 6 058 - 1 935as raw material 11 899 11 082 10 705 377 - 817other needs 12 894 5 335 94 5 219 22 7 559

Losses 1 413 934 219 715 - 479Export 40 054 35 568 35 493 75 - 4 486Stock to the end of the year 2 390 1 756 470 1 276 10 634

Text 1 for chapter 5 (cont’d)

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Continuation of the text 1. Bad practice – wrong way The shortages of the previous energy balance are following: - there is a no analog of this balance in the international sphere, as well as lack of transformation sector, re-accounting of data, incorrect accounting of the consumption of energy products between sectors, non-application of consumption principle on several consumption groups, incomplete coverage of energy products, lack of commodity balance conversion factors (TOE) applied in international practice, and above all non-calculation of the “statistical difference” indicator characterizing energy balance data quality.

On other hand - previous balance was only data flows, but not energy flows.

Energy balance: Purposes

Enhance the relevance of energy statistics by providing comprehensive and reconciled data on the energy situation on a national territory basis;

Provide comprehensive information on the energy supply and demand on the national territory in order to understand the energy security situation, the effective functioning of energy markets and other relevant policy goals, as well as to formulate energy policies;

Serve as a quality tool to ensure completeness, consistency and comparability of basic statistics;

Ensure comparability between different reference periods and between different countries; Provide data for estimation of CO2 emissions with respect to national territory;

Provide the basis for indicators of the energy’s role in the country’s economy; Calculate efficiencies of transformation processes occurring in the country (e.g., refining,

electricity production by combustion of fuels, etc.); Calculate the relative shares of the supply/consumption of various products (including

renewable versus non-renewable) of the country’s total supply/consumption; Provide an input for modeling and forecasting.

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Text 2 for chapter 5

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Best practice Since 2008 - the energy balance based on international standards (within the framework of recommendations of IEA and Eurostat). The energy balance published in 2011 was compiled on the basis of IRES requirements prepared by Oslo Group and adopted in 42nd session of the UN Statistical Commission.

The SSC has adopted the format of the energy balances contained in IRES for the national energy balances and presents information on 23 types of products and 5 product groups. The availability of detailed energy balances has fostered transparency; it has allowed for the assessment and monitoring of the energy sector and it has provided information on the structure of the consumption of energy products. It has overall provided policy makers with necessary statistical information for decisions making and policy planning. SSC compiles energy balances annually and publishes them in the annual publication “Energy balance of Azerbaijan” available online at www.azstat.org.

Energy balance of Azerbaijan

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Energy balance in 2011 thousand TOE                                   

 

Total all products

Crude oil Refinery feed-

stocks

Petro-leum

products, total

of which: Natural gas

Rene-wables

Heat Electri-city

Other fuel

productsRefinery gas

LPG Motor gasoline

Kerosene - type jet fuel

Other kero- sene

Diesel fuel

Fuel oil - low

sulphur

Bitumen Other petroleum products

Primary production 62 541,5 46 949,4 - - - - - - - - - - - 15 265,2 326,9 - - -Import 45,3 - - 26,5 - - 1,0 - 0,3 0,1 - - 25,1 - - - 11,0 7,8Export -48 783,5 -40 160,5 - -2 193,2 - -123,9 -99,6 -81,3 - -1 384,9 -216,3 -19,6 -267,6 -6 360,6 - - -69,2 -International bunkers -517,2 - - -517,2 - - - -438,0 - -79,2 - - - - - - - -

International marine bunkers -79,2 - - -79,2 - - - - - -79,2 - - - - - - - -International aviation bunkers -438,0 - - -438,0 - - - -438,0 - - - - - - - - - -

Stocks changes 308,8 -60,9 - 23,5 - -1,7 -26,5 -13,2 0,1 -6,4 94,7 -8,3 -15,2 345,1 -0,2 - - 1,3Total energy supply 13 594,9 6 728,0 - -2 660,4 - -125,6 -125,1 -532,5 0,4 -1 470,4 -121,6 -27,9 -257,7 9 249,7 326,7 - -58,2 9,1Statistical difference 257,2 150,7 - 72,2 - 4,3 28,8 - - 29,6 0,4 11,0 -1,9 23,1 - - 11,2 -Transfers - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -Transformation processes -3 160,0 -6 521,0 - 6 177,5 248,6 283,0 1 337,0 640,7 0,3 2 527,9 172,8 259,9 707,3 -4 439,7 -230,1 109,4 1 745,3 -1,4

Electricity plants -1 623,2 - - -4,7 - - - - - -2,6 -2,1 - - -2 529,6 -230,1 - 1 141,2 -CHP plants -1 219,7 - - -81,4 - - - - - - -81,4 - - -1 774,4 - 32,0 604,1 -Heat plants -47,2 - - -1,3 - - - - - - -1,3 - - -123,3 - 77,4 - -Gas works 54,0 - - 66,4 - 34,5 - - - - - - 31,9 -12,4 - - - -Blast furnaces -1,4 - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -1,4Oil refineries -349,0 -6 521,0 - 6 172,0 248,6 248,5 1 337,0 640,7 0,3 2 530,5 257,6 259,9 648,9 - - - - -Petrochemical plants 26,5 - - 26,5 - - - - - - - - 26,5 - - - - -Other transformation processes - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

Energy industries own use 1 033,1 8,6 - 429,0 248,6 - - - - 0,3 19,2 - 160,9 380,1 - 22,1 193,3 -Losses 1 235,9 47,7 - - - - - - - - - - - 832,7 - 13,8 341,7 -Final consumption 7 908,7 - - 3 015,9 - 153,1 1 183,1 108,2 0,7 1 027,6 31,6 221,0 290,6 3 574,1 96,6 73,5 1 140,9 7,7Final energy consumption 7 290,4 - - 2 430,1 - 84,7 1 183,1 106,5 0,7 1 026,8 28,3 - - 3 545,7 96,6 73,5 1 140,9 3,6

Industry and construction 949,0 - - 87,2 - 6,8 - - 0,1 55,0 25,3 - - 691,2 0,2 0,3 170,1 -Iron and steel 64,7 - - 2,2 - 0,1 - - - - 2,1 - - 31,0 - - 31,5 -Chemical and petrochemical 236,3 - - 0,3 - 0,1 - - 0,1 0,1 - - - 205,8 - - 30,2 -Non-ferrous metal 3,9 - - 0,9 - - - - - - 0,9 - - 2,1 - - 0,9 -Non-metallic minerals 194,7 - - 1,3 - - - - - 0,1 1,2 - - 179,5 - 0,0 13,9 -Transport equipment 8,3 - - 0,1 - - - - - 0,1 - - - 7,1 - 0,1 1,0 -Machinery 24,3 - - 0,7 - 0,1 - - - 0,1 0,5 - - 13,7 - 0,1 9,8 -Mining and quarrying 19,5 - - 6,2 - 0,1 - - - 5,6 0,5 - - 6,5 - 0,1 6,7 -Food and tobacco 237,5 - - 12,5 - 0,6 - - - 4,1 7,8 - - 201,7 0,1 - 23,2 -Paper, pulp and print 1,2 - - - - - - - - - - - - 0,9 - - 0,3 -Wood and wood products 2,2 - - 0,1 - - - - - - 0,1 - - 1,7 - - 0,4 -Textile and leather 8,5 - - 0,4 - - - - - 0,3 0,1 - - 3,0 - - 5,1 -Construction 127,6 - - 62,1 - 5,7 - - - 44,5 11,9 - - 23,3 0,1 0,0 42,1 -Non-specified 20,3 - - 0,4 - 0,1 - - - 0,1 0,2 - - 14,9 - - 5,0 -

Transport 1 984,7 - - 1 934,0 - 26,1 1 170,6 106,5 - 630,1 0,7 - - - 0,2 - 46,9 3,6Road 1 789,3 - - 1 789,3 - 26,0 1 170,6 - - 592,7 - - - - - - - -Rail 44,2 - - 2,8 - - - - - 2,1 0,7 - - - 0,2 - 37,6 3,6Domestic aviation 106,5 - - 106,5 - - - 106,5 - - - - - - - - - -Domestic navigation 35,3 - - 35,3 - - - - - 35,3 - - - - - - - -Pipeline transport 9,4 - - 0,1 - 0,1 - - - - - - - - - - 9,3 -Non-specified - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

Other fields of economy 4 356,7 - - 408,9 - 51,8 12,5 - 0,6 341,7 2,3 - - 2 854,5 96,2 73,2 923,9 -Agriculture, forestry and fishing 428,0 - - 337,2 - 0,2 11,5 - - 325,3 0,2 - - 26,1 1,1 - 63,6 -Commerce and public services 519,5 - - 9,2 - 3,4 - - 0,1 3,6 2,1 - - 116,2 18,5 24,1 351,5 -Households 3 409,2 - - 62,5 - 48,2 1,0 - 0,5 12,8 - - - 2 712,2 76,6 49,1 508,8 -Not elsewhere-specified - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -

Non-energy use 618,3 - - 585,8 - 68,4 - 1,7 - 0,8 3,3 221,0 290,6 28,4 - - - 4,1

Text 3 for chapter 5Data sources and questionaries

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Data on production of energy products collected with monthly periodicity from large enterprises; quarterly from small enterprises; and annually from natural entities.Data on consumption of energy products collected with monthly from large enterprises, annually from small enterprises. with monthly periodicity from households (sample survey) Data on the sale of fuel are collected from legal and natural entities with monthly periodicity. Data on import-export are obtained from the State Customs Committee with monthly periodicity

Commodity balances

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Primary Products - 7:Crude oil, Natural bitumen and natural asphalt, Natural gas, Wood, Hydro-energy, Wind energy, Other fuel products (hard coal and etc).

Secondary Products - 16:Refinery feed stock, Refinery gas; Oil products: LPG, Motor gasoline, Kerosene – type jet fuel, Other kerosene; Diesel fuel, Fuel oil-low sulphur, Fuel oil-high sulphur, Naphtha, Petroleum coke, Bitumen, Lubricants, Other petroleum products, Electric energy (EP working with fuel), Heat energy.

Customary for Azerbaijan, commodity balances are compiled on 23 types of energy products

Conversion factors

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Commodity balances

Conversion factors

Energy balance

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Text 4 for chapter 5 Net Calorific Values for some energy products in Azerbaijan

Best practice Main important work that has been carried out in Azerbaijan was the identification of the country specific calorific values for the energy products. This was considered particularly important in order to reflect in the energy balances the higher calorific values of the energy products in the country. The SSC commissioned experts from the scientific institutions to identify the country specific calorific values. In particular, the Institute of Petrochemical Processes of the Academy of National Sciences of Azerbaijan carried out laboratory works and determined the calorific values of 23 energy products which are now used for the compilation of energy statistics and balances.

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№ Kind of energy products Net Calorific Values (Gj/metric tons)

By Azerbaijan By world

Lower Upper Lower Upper

1. Crude oil 43,1 45,3 40,1 44,82. Gasoline 43,2 46,3 42,5 44,83. Aviation gasoline 43,4 46,5 42,5 44,84. Jet fuel 43,2 46,2 42,0 44,85. Diesel oil 42,7 45,5 41,4 43,36. Kerosene 43,1 46,1 42,4 45,07. Fuel oil (low-sulphur) 42,5 45,4 39,8 41,78. Fuel oil (high-sulphur) 41,2 43,8 39,8 41,7

9. Natural gas (cubic meter) 35,9 38,9 36,0 39,02

10. LPG 47,4 52,4 44,8 52,2

Net Calorific Values for some energy products in Azerbaijan

Best practice

Thank you for attention!

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