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fhe Udto4 ata.tea .. bas wo ajor ~ tntorests ln
ues't Asia ~ oa and· t•ae•, · •• oU t.aanstry of tho reolon • < ' • • '
has, long bom i!omlcatcA bJ Sv'Ven ~ott Jn~ttollOl oil . '
com~• • tivo Me!!'!caa, 0»0 arlt!fJb/Oilt$1 -~ 9ne ih'ltlsb. . .
~e lllGrScD.tl co~lco ~ otaatl\a on eo~ or DOll 101!0111 •'
(nov ~ o:t~pcratloll) t _z.~ oa co.,_,· (nov ~osco !llo.)t ·
otilt ou. oorpoJ."OtloDJ ~tlli'40J1 co~ of CblUomlat aoeony
vaene c~ ana lo.t_. SoCOll1 tlobl1 (no;; t!obl1 on corporation).
~ ma.&aar!cnn compnnlea ~e noftA, Dttteb/che.t O!Olll>f Allele·
to:'td.an on co~ cn.s lot- U:Cl.O·~ttm on ~ (AOV .
BrS.~:Jeb fot!Dle=Q. .In a&Utton, thcu:e .a·· c Prcoh co~
· oelled ~~o ~$lao do vcttols. tn l9t18t theee oAt~ pat~. . corporuttons eeco\dlted fo~ over oo par oat at on
' .~ .
protllotloll m tbe fc1i441~ r.aat. l . .
~ tl'le ta3or taet'lcal) oB eompans., tho atend!U'4 on ! ; . .
c~ (DGW 10ftle:7) t (Slmc4 U.S?& per cont in treq Pet1'01eum
c~ C:lDll ·lte artJl~tQ$ ·~ ooscoJat.a ~- lD Qat:G.r
aad AbU :.ilBbJ.. ·tho ~ oleo ovneCl 30 per cet ~- Jn.
ttcb .... ~otm 011 00~ (Atttl!OO) ml6 '1 per ce~ In XawSM
M · 1 1 't j· I. I
1
acnso"t-. .. !lt&lU~4 011 OOl3~. og ~ltort..lla cnm«~ t)) po:t cent
!n A-ttg!Cb, EO·· per oont .. In ~In Pettoleti.1 co~ end? per ' .
' .. . .
cent tn ·~· consort1Ub.. GnU o~ COl:~tntio» lied to per .· oat1t ~rsh!p tn ~t on. ~~ ·DAti? per Odlt JQ. · ium!Qn
. ~-
eonso~t~ ~bU. o~ COr»>ratlon OvA«l u.ma 1JC't! cat In x ... P&tmenm co-., U4.lte t\tfU1atetr tmtl aasocaotod ~tea In
(!Gto~ f»lil, hbu rba'bl.. Xt:· n.\oo. posoe~· 10 per jetlt dlare fn
A:1tt:CO ,Qnfl V POJt <:dlt b tho Stno~Gn COllDOrtl~ · ' ' ... .
r,~ trom tb• 1$tee utermttol'lGl on corpot'atlonl
.conttone& Cbt.We1 th.ero WOt.'E? oth~-~tor..n ooepacle!J ope5tb;
ln ·ttlc U.ltltl\e :;ast. In. _tf:Gilt a.-.-~o.a Petrotoua corpost~n
OtlbaQtlUOUt1J r~ed a& f.~~ tlltOftlftt.lonal OJ.l. ~t a
on'Uolalt,l~ of OtQil~ Oll COJl~ (JJ:ldJ$118), aGQurtd ;a..•.,. chip ln Z~Pm. ~haD 0$1 Co~ (%PAC) • Atl.ailUe
.· nt.dlf.:tcta, .eun, tblton of cn11torota ~~ ~·;~,. ba4 ln~_..tl
- b t.aVSG Petrol• co~ (LAP(J)} ~ ADOth• atoup ot a avec tcotS.ct\.n. -co~J.•t !.i!la «toJt, ~up.-Jor• CkctUS't SD111'87 nr, S~<ll-• CltlOJ. C.,loo ~d Atlantlo bad bU. -rtneft . SA !ttmlmi OUehora ~1~ ~· (laOlW)• 1-bU..itb• Pet!Cl.enn
COUpim1 hail~- In !$Ulan MQ!ne !n\st'natlcsal Oil·~
(DlltlOt»). in lrleon 'ttt~-~ tb: Amorl~ eo~• - Atlantic
Rlchfie\ll, __.lam l'ndeD1bdentt ~~· Oe\t:tt cont!nctal utt r;tell~cl Oil (Oblo) baG !ntet-•ta•
rn ~aq, tho !1_., •• nete\Opaoat com_, :.a been Wl.Uf ~'l'(l(l bV· Gtaru»rA OJl O.f UtW __ ~et.'SG*/ G.Dd 30Gouy Vaoum
(t~bll) .• tn caua1 Amb!o.:t c:onneco, stn~ltd.!"• · t1ntoms end
Pilll!ptut possessed o!1 tnt~ts. Ooc!&!nto1 I?ot;oletn:l &leo ila(l
mtoreato turotaab Jetto:coc J'll!to, c oa~t(l!ct";~ lD r-JW<•,
t:~t ou. oor.r~ 'We ,solutl~ Ollllo<l b1 auu on ont1 t.nclc•
P<¢Picn on ~. · otn.Jl$r4 o~ (tlw J~qr), ana coeonr VMU\10 C:Obll) o1at> ma tntwoots ~ :to.nc term ocroacants
ult!l tn:.::lO..tmn!an otl co~. tn ~lt noatrnl ~one, AJ:tor~ :tntle»entttDt ou. co~· (I.Umt>lr.) ntlct bQGU dlaroti t»U· ibUipho
~~ . 9-etrclenc, cSallA\ ot1 anti O&at and ttljtlond on cma cettntun · ~.- In ~-;D.Qtll· ~rnwa. Pcutrtll ~one, faeitlc t:etom OJl
coo~, lAter ~ co oetty ou co:e~ md lnt.O!'ento. l'll
'AbU rttabt, \.We t.ttCl'loo:t fi1'!!8t P-1U.lp'Sl!.l ratroleul!l and 1JJ.ltlo!1 ' . ,
het4 · Jnto~ts.. !n l.ii~, A~d on and Rot!Dfnc· eo~,
naco (Uera 3erstq otan<Jat'G>t ~tl.Spha ·ana Ooctdetal obtain«\
coneeoeton~,.. tn lSGVt ston&r4 011 of ilew Jereoy anet oaata - -
Group conal.lt~ of tbtroo ~Jean flt1:28, Atlora&l, nara.thou, an4 conttnontal cceol.Ul~et1 tal'. 10 pc~ cOilt oe ell ,prodtlottoo !n r..lbra. occ1~- oloo boc=e -e; lar.;o DJl pro41lc01' 11l liJGO. conttuental
o 11 con~ tot\ Sntotonta lu nttbaS,. o1tl• oervlce ud Blcbtldlti
o 11 corpemt~ b$4 SntorGSto An ~rar~ ~01 1<\'ttroleusa tne. . . ~
ha4 secw:ic4 _eonoeaalotuJ 14 to~;. ~- ln late ahtl• us
4C I 1 . M 1111 i Jll
. Cotl~OS Oect::1'!al. a-~~t t:¢Slt:0D lu Qo t;<l1t Ao!cn 011 ' . . . . .
. eve~. ito tta eor~too !ltlve c;nltl-oa. C. ·cQtrr.Il:.t!nz poalt!on ln the en. tnautJtw ot tbo rn~o~ rcclcruJ ot p...~t'h\ctlon,.
~ f • ' . >
~•o nJant C:Ol'J»t'Qt!olm "'lt=l ~ol:- a:ormou l.lwestl1lentl ht\'0() c b!:} · stato !n tbo t•ost ts!nn oil• f!:ta-lean i?otroleum
. . '
e~totl b tto ttE6lon· tnvo been tho rn$0~ .sup;Ato:s ot co. to tJostO'!'!l Goropo b.:l<t 3'Apm dt'?l ~olr anntlll G.mllnas over a ·
biUtoD eol.lat'$• t~<:coi·tU:oa· to ~l<Xl e •. no .. Jn, rrwJast of
~tean-t."'"Cb r.~soc!tltJon eo: CO!Xlo:'Qo ~a :tctlUstl"'/, tho
.Potro1out:l !uCDstt'J ~rcocnto4 ova1' nlnot,v per .cant or au us a~ect ltl"Jcot:lc;.lto !n thQ t;rob 'UO!!.<l.:. ~Ill qtADte<! nova~t
ot · ~c:co oo~coo to tho cfl~t tilQt tllo boot value c~ o1l ur~
aboet ktt:~to in tbo ~b w:la t40D 1o.c t>tllto.n lD 1068• '
"-'01'Ctlo lta oetw~ wco cst!uatotl to bo tth to ol&!ht tlmos 01' . '
.H .i~lil'i 1• .lillt. I i liT I Pl.
· ~. !to lllvetttclntt Ill Ole . .,._ .~· b«JJtO ~ aU dlrec'
· !.nvoemonte su t'tle aa1> eto.tu _, .~ 1.4 bJUiotL o• m per oet
ot ~o tDto1 In~ 4Gl'ft4 ftom G\1 tta 41~'t tnnstmantG obroa& ' - . '"
'· (-. o.tt~a b~Jon);, aw :'" n~ lceo:ae -'wfl toreSp •• ena tn •. TNUD\ cl11iou · ~t tbliaro \blcil vm ·~ tirmtllllr Jn. a.tvS&maa - ";:. . ' .
to ~old• all, O.e ClO tlDlt.a.. o•-•• Soaltl elablod tbat tht OGB~te lnct?-.·.fD lQvee~tDt .ta\4. QJ14,oapS.tal· ~
• • > ~· • ' . ,
· mto Glo.Udtta atatoo -to1»Ue.\ ·neA e biUJ.on ·~n »Ga. na . GS~tl:sllte4 that·- .wJtb sa, tdlltoa .l)OGplo ·~ a StoliD l»lt!o$l •. ' ' . 6 ' . , p~duoi (OIP) Of ~· m :t>Sllioa. no~- t. BI'O~t ro-. . C~al!tlm ot th•·3081'4 •a.C'btet ·EDC\lt.,,.·otttce ot •• &ablu-
. ~ - ' ~' .
~ o·n. eo.~ cameo) tooUtrb8· bofd!G 111e no•• · · ·cOUidtteO on wretaD it.tclre l'-to4· ·~o. toll.owlDo as .ul.wlee:a
3. ~~~=-~ ~~~-·~tod to ov•11 bll.l!o;\·~. :~•r• Ia.·.
. lSGSt tbe ~:trfatiOn or· •~tap tlot~ us .· eom..,es ta tho Aalt w~ld ~tOll to · 1·1.3 blllton •. 1'ltiloltt ·tbla UDt1nt1 tlle . llt4~c• ct.~.· ·ttl.· to• tiltlt. yt$1'1! (a or .. plUG .. or# 93 aJUio»l11C'tu1~-•v• t.w~eu a'blat
, ~2 biUI()r. Sl4 dG'f1ctt., . · · $
4.. ; U~ OOU:Drl!ty e·(~'ft3· ·to: the prt.o~ Arab · . . · ·eoUl\t .... rl•. or thG Mlddle ·•:f,~. · ilol'tb an,_.
~n lS68 etotalted to ~ ._ .· . · · . lo.u 4\alQ. Sn lD80 .to A aal· aiUJou. ~·-.. wl~ fhwe ecua.t.S.. · OCOQUI'lte4 tor m .. · ~ e•_ t ot the --.1.. . l. • total.. tavoUJ&bl• · ta4e 't~Qlaaoe ;that the w baa JD . .~.
· ~. 'Hl\ll a ~~t!® ov• lOS ldllSoa •d . SpJcJtr· Aaft.lJ)PJil ~·· ,__,., tbe Aat:t •rtd· ®natJ\·~t• C)AG of··\ll(J -.t ~z.~ potetlaJ. l.'ll$$ tor us soo&a• .·
S. Ot the a·:fp!O~Iwate\f· A. 8. . . 'I"' bltllon. ln ~old. . tmfl.· · . ·
fol'efirl ~.Ht oUfoWly ·b.·4 In At.lCUI\ .l.f$ lS tlle a.~~ of· t.b:e J(t4tl.t -• at41lortb Jfrlaat tb• l)Qlt.;. or .. l$rd Q.~4tlct. ••· 1P t1r41am•
G. t.hU~ ~. ··~ tSgut• a,e-:~·~ N\tat&• · tntoa.tton lndlaitoa bt aatJ flm4i· are tav•~e& h•vJly lu the tiS ~J.eulad.J tn tbQ o·tftk muun. • · · .
' 't::O.:o1! a. noOtti: nb~tor. aur-tt ot lli\ctmtlOial . ..
· c·~~Yat, 1a tbo··•~.t ct COLll1)fCOt eaJ.a tbat..the -..ot at\ ns tl.-.t .. tn.,t~taen\8 ~ ·the· ~tld~'l.o •' Un4~ 'llelfat 1'.-Ms.• F.O:cleco _. L~ 'bU.t: not f~*"t ban .a l'ale4.) _.
.-that¥ •t ._ a.& 1t1Ulo.n JA leGa~. lr1 ~ Mil& ras-, a. · ee...""Us.;;s ·~. •• fn'loa~ .-,\lhto& to 11.4 bn~ton- .. sao• · f.urtllaT ••1 tbld ritl.;·~u. _. ... ~. · coa\10l1o&·tlall' •~ the. o~
p~JoA Ia tbeldddl•:-t$· ,~_, tl• t..utlel"-' • ,_. ' . .
c•~ of tho oll utttl.bJ WI$• ~ .a,a·t• ••'·ot .;af-•• otl swce4l _.. f.IOia. ~·b ••11-. . ·
UJ
• 9
£1 . t•~· ..
a~A-,·r~ ~ ,. ,,a.,,. fill•
it Is but anturo..t thnt oco;.."--cfo stt\kco qg ~urm c.UaonslolltJ
lnvol.~lna pcuCrtill' corpomt~tna shoQ\e llnvc o -contmu!:la · tnfltlO!leo ® tho .ua pCl&C!T·. t~ ·eest ~Jd.a. ':rho te.ot tbat
the ~al.ty tn •td:l Uio tnv0Stuent. vestoa ~ on. wrw oleo e.
nt~Ct<eieallV \iltal .ltf.tl kl iat~ ond ,~ee, tnde tbe laouo one
!a •teb tbc · ooz.a~t &t ·notenoe CUltl .V.taeon were <toeplr mtorcBtoll. cw!ol' ~utS;ttG$ ot 'the ~rl)OftltSont In t!lelr
p~Sc p:;onctmccm®to1. · trotlt»t\1 botoro ccnct-oss1 ·end tr1otSma• ¥, • ~ ~ ' •
to ottJe.IDlf:l ot oovc~t azc...oS~ r.t~ s;o~t to ""~lie ·tho t:ontSnu~ tmpo1"tnllco or mtntaln~a noanoo to. ~e t:•t
. .
.b.Dia.ri o~ fol' ~e td1ltnr; ·ant\· ~r.matc soetlt'ltr ot tho tteGtem . ' .
_aUJarlco.. FtmU ttmo to ttme, ttt<q ·•a• pro~octlona to lndloate
ttzo .vltal rolo t.htlt t'G':Jt Atlall oA 140Ul.u oontlnu~ to··~· h1
tho l?ntvo. uor ~Ot Uol.vln A. CCD»lt ot the ~
CO~l'Qtlout stt)ted· tbf1t •' .tho' tll4 ot 1010, tbo t1dto4 states, . ~ ' '
u•tea so..Op0 e.nA 3.o~ •s~er oo~.s~ nbOut dehty ~ c~t "' . . .
. of the wl"'l4' e •o:&J • Uo oasa tbat t1lo $1'Ud to~ on 1n th•
uorl4 •144 ~t«P.oo .. 11om fOftJ•~eo.ldll~ beorN\a a da1 Sn
l\118 to a'bfut llUQ47o4 ciltiOJl la~el• e sy tu 1081. COMilt
. p-re~od t?JAt ~- Qtl.::r ta;Gl\ 0%14 w.-tern F.ul'OJ• vou\a hcwllr
!'·elr OJ U&lle :-as~~ oU.t tmt the un1te4 t+tat• ~dl.4 also
~e e,e :G 1'$30~ cU. .lo)Ort~.. Aoco~$~ to. hltlt at the e4
of ltfl!lt the US Jmpo~<d abOut t•eaty-~ve· ~ ccat ot t.ta totc1 _oil oonsUJnptSon mo ~~Qretp cot.Ultrtoa. · BY 1985, ho o.u~ea. tbe c::3 •uU be lepoltln? ovw_ tvo•thSr&J of lto aaJl1 c)Jl . ®nnnt$tlo~, tllQt ts, GbOut aJ;zteOJl cll1to~ 'tlaft'dlt a· ti'lrt<Uil\cu ws e.l.mlt . -.till to tho tt\tt.re J.ll'Otluotlon ot the t'ldA•
11attt •. xu~~ t.O.,-.tti!$ ~ JWJ.t.n tbat veet~ OO'tllltrl• ~ " • . • . . . I ',. ' ~ ', ,. ' ~ > .
v:>fAtl l:tt'.;tft W Sp~ SU .. a1tS:.t~~fl J ·400 bJll!OJl O~l oU. impolite . • .1 •. • • • .
lJew.- l1ll3 e_a -1983, co~t eclldludOcl. ·· ·· , . , . . . tratae~J a.. Aklnst .. a tosor ~rota~ ~W\t~~et Oftlcea-, lbl
" .' '
<arJW.S ·Cl~ tl4& ~1~ 1bU\8.i)t, Sri· ~..U~--Aftl.blot mare or 1 ...
$Ut;torte4 ce-nt•. vJ.~ ~t . tho on tJlltatton. Be sal4 tba' ..
totc1 ot1 ~· bY tllt. ~'$\ Stat• from: 1liltoa:& Hcla&fltJN . ~ - . . ' - .
·~Qnatltu.teS 3S lltl" c•\ ot OO.tl$~Sol1 J.a lU?Ilaat·,.. e¥Ptete4 ~ ' . . ..._ ~ . .
.. tc-. rSqo b :w'l3 w m ._·per .c:• ot a total oomlqlr~t.ton: of _·l? --~l!on 1.1\ndla. e ·· $,-.· QuOtb(; th·e ~t~ .,_.~, - . . . .
est~te:t, ~~a. -~·~t tw ~~ the u.s _._,Q\4 aenatae . ' ...... ' ' \ .,_·
24 _r:d'.tlou bl~··a &lY :QGd the ~t.e pt04uctJon wdl.4
· c<Wer ~:7- mlf .ot ·~tl\ta ··a .tho two-tltb48 •~ •re of the !Dpl~• ·woUld IJC)b !'~ell.~~- R.Uls»b.t.. ne at.O ttt.ld ttm.t tbo vor1a
~ . . 1 • .+ <! ~('
. 401\Bllcl (ftelualv•·et:_tb• ret let tJ~ .a tlblnb wulil. rtae bf 108:> ~ 85. Jd111o~-~!Nltt a-~ ®~rea to cm--acttal ss ' - . ·. . •' .
t~Ul loti tanet.a t\ ·8l!l·• 1&70. lte ~~t.notpd. oospoasu
-.oal.<t -. . UtJ 81 tlill~ •rru a . .,. wwa,._ aurope m ldl.llealf
·~ - ~
. • .. , ra 111a ar rtl• 1 , en r j u . i. - ·:
' ' I ',. .:., .•·. , . . •
·· :t~pm. l4 Mll.Son1 .OtlaeN·t: W Jd:U..14D. Xl\ ·1971; a. ~-It. Of tile ~ojft\ .. s\Qc.!r·· Of th• l.\llfa
· · Q~~•tlon ~ · R•ot.a'OcJI ror the& ~...arc, lao1 a,poneorea
b,V. tile FOrd ~b~~t.so,, .wa~. pUblktll<Jl. Aceo~~ to lt; dvJnc ~ ' .
19Efa, th~ ~:r14fa totltt\1 cet28·ap,!On or t>ll•-a c.:·~~kattlr
·. :»· ldll.Soll 'aricil.e a. ay .. · l'bo Up1to4 ~:tat·• · C®Sl.Wfld 131dl.l.Son ,_. r ' 4 •-+ • ·:' ~ .... + - • ~: i
t:eJT&a, ~.~tl&lg fo~_.bout ~tblrtl or tba.totalt \J•tom 'i. "' ~ < "'
,~ ~pe lO ld111pn.~~M\8; G~JO:x:S.to\f • :)tr Otllt,. 4Wld .,..,.. ,
.·· ~.&.ldUlo~ l:anel.dt &b0\lt:7 .per eellt.· lXUIN OA lOBB .t':lgvto ot
eo:tSttaJtton• th& t~l ~ t'm3eete& to c.~:llt.ltDS al:IOU » IIIUJoa
taft.e\8· « r- Su. 1$76 aM _JB.,S llJllkm i»rftAa ·iu 10fDt UeateiS). . ,, . . .. . .
uru.~,. 14.8 all1Jot~ ~f.tb b:.W16 •u· -~ mS11Soa barre\8 Ia . . '
lliDJ laPNl ti mill~~·?·;·-- lD ltfl& aao ?.lld.Ulou bal'l'el~
la 1011). tn lSGSt· "W'trn mii!Ope: ~~od a:»re tlJaa. S aS:US. .. · t*rra\tl a _. troa the'HUrlL• Wt •« :Jo7th Anloa uct the
.;, ~ I ( ' .. ~ ,. '
V!'Oloot~. \t'L1l~ f()r :Walo 1~ r¥~~-~ ttOA ·;j;~ ~11~ bG.r!14a a
::lor. :lbe 111~_. ~l"'tit ~ itkc- ;~li!«te.:a#t. voro entkate& ... '· ·' t"''.. .... - . . ?
to JAor-or;:Jt:t 'trcm 2~8 mltllo.ti.. lartfA.fl ~- ~, .Ju ~lD6S to n.!1 ~Jll!{)fl bn:rr'tUI 4l ~··.b ~~ . . .· .. . . .
t!i~;~t ~til~ •• ~; t~~ \0 . 'f;bst .tv t.~e ~~)~~ 'tf.\0
v~N tl!t; ;;1' ,,~-- t'll~::." to: t.~~- ~u -~•• t>r ~• ~;;leyel bY. . .
;:.0 utll:i;fH'tt,.$~~ ;;tl:~~ a· a~ti~l~ bC!'(N\J lu ~~ t:Jl · --. . - ~ . ' •. . ... ' ~ " . tt>Wl'~iJltlv.;... vi':-~-~ ~,.'ott.- eo~ri,tl·!~tt l-1l ::.C.et m':.'l tl1tt Ualte4
. . _., . ' ..
!"ttf.tas 1u :~lft'1e-.:~~.i - ·:vol~t,~d: out that ~ :~r -woUld be • - -,- .. . 'i.. ~
!=~rt.JA,~: ~::$-~dau•a on .• -~~(t !Ni?Q$ ]lZ'~~ or tbe VtlrloQIJ ~ . . ~ .. -~
gov&naetlt.til ~:~~~fA\ ~ ~~:lttJ.e4 tue f-::' of til• ~~l'Qtlo;l . . ~~-~$. ~f(f·t,O~t~at ~l~~d to th~ ao~;.a.ual®. tt.ifi!.t tt~• ti'1
Wul~t b4\1le to :fL~~~-~tlJ. Uorj~t&~ ·Ofi ·tho 011 .no. Ule tild•ll.e
~--if· '. ~n· ~. t4tt~.C;-~ -:'~~··l~ ct: ltlt•~• lO' Snit~ ..
P"8i6r.l l). · ~~t ~tl tic: ~ctUr• -~- ot •u.ppl:f e.Pd ~le . . . 4 ~=··~
<JOallttlPtt® _ 01"* 1Q1l-~ · ~~coo,._ ~ · t~, bet'l~ l9t!6 oot1 1990,
eo.u~tlqll> or ~1l_.Ll tht ua "''' ~;~7pt~t•G'~" _rbe fttoa·lt.a
~~~~ ,• 11.v ~1~ ~· i.' -~ a....ro.., .,.. Iaporta . - • . . ' . • ·4;1
voulft ria• tJro~t -e.:; ~lllJoD to ~7 .sutoc bane\8 • • .1a . . ~
, 1.910. -f14~, ~s4r• --~,A u:«) .wo:L« ._._\- .rer appthatalf "' ~: \. . '
; " . . ' . . .,., . " u -.. ~& Nll'l!l· ~illt"'t\.of to'*-"' ae"~~·~<~ ....... "' . e.;. ~ "'"""'" .. ,....., ~-.fi'W~· • ' .
. " .. -'· · ~-~~ ~~· tlJl.t ~ -~. ~S. D JmQ.liM ~ : • I ·, ,~ ' "h ' ' • ~ • • •
·. t;~bJPot ~-~ iWl'H. Etw~ ·~ ftAI\ tow• 'Wll' ~t*S.O.tt4 ._,
· --~~!'aali!Aftt.~l-. ~-1-··JD.(tl ~- -*•• oom!iN"~lvo st\t•
etf ·en. ~Uoy~· .·ltl.~.eoncl•Jous ~lodv·atl wn. b.t ~ ~ tile . , . . .• ' . ~ t • . .
totAl.·u~ on COilti~Jo~ ..Otlld tkl··m.t .allllen.. canttt• • _. ' • • • ' < ., •• - • • •
. ~h~t.·t!1~ ~-~~~· ~t*J.ICtJ.of.l w.•. etS.\84 to 'bf· 13.& ,
n.ftl!ou ·l#mtl~.·· .JJ1 ~l· _ _,,. .. ttl •• tt··~w f!~ on ·-·~~ ··~ rJ4e to• .. t~ Pot 'c~t oftbtt tbt4 ~J!! flll eo~tiOil, . ' ~ - . .
--~~. ~~ -tlt.{~tiuet1Q.n ~~'1110·~ be ~h -~·to ·uoat. .,r., ... n...,... •• H 4:'~ .. .- . · ...
.. ~P•"'-'•~. ~ . •'
~~ tile A$'tu\Ues:'·~u« ~- t'~t ·fllfl&TC vltih_ otb.- t~-~
~t•~ .~~o~ ~tfJ6~t wcul.ti bo • -~·• Sllptn• of otl • - w ..
. ~ . :. . .
. :~.;r.t_. ~as. wt4& 'be \_. Ma..
S\Jl'O,ve Q1lt!-3a~~on ·~•n• on •. ~ Hs ... bq;one& a ' .~- ~ . .. .
. --~-
t•••••
U.u.lted '1UrtGil $d' c~ ...
ottait ''Get~ 'if~ls~en ·
vest~ ':a:tt'Op4
ttr!ee.
!~oWJJEJUJt ~ss. .· . :apaa ~.tattf81!&
'1 an If Pl I 1$1
6ltl
1?3.
o,oJ.a M .. ...
31»
. 111Mt I I t S! Dt I_ f)! . I • ' ' . I 1. •• ~·S'IG 15.7
711 cc.o
11,740 ts.a 570 U.l .., •.a
s.-s • •• sao m.1
• .II n 111 · , 111, u 1 ~~·~ ·, . 'ou a llliiiJ I I J I 10 f . l .. t II P 7 1 .( l l I J d l 11 14 t1 I r ....
. .. '
fbf bce.Vr JA\H·t~tl Of ob.. ---~- aD4 tll.e need. to•
f~·-~ All~ on ... u. th• -~· kt~' Ia the rctoa. . . Actte ~~ txw•~u t»v• ...._ a<11 ad tbtl' .Saat4lllatlo• Of·
· \l'Pr£tb::;~ a:• lald on~ tno ~4)ra t.ave bean b~t, p;."'toetton
of ~se ~ ... OJ1~ . .or tba to~e~a ~w; 01}3tJOt1voe Jn the
e.r•.: l'he foftlen [tJl.tcy Ud ~t~ttlc Silter•ts thus roln:ro.roe
one. anot.bot'. !be t!cut• t~fd.d btd$~t· .. tboaah Jn th•
" ' • 1'·, •
sl~l•. the 4fSrH ot de>;>GU«tece cf tha un1to4 sta'e. on tbe
, MS44\• ~ 011 \$s rath• ~bel· ttl• experts· etlv-e4 a abarp , , .
11JO~e: in. tutu•• .... ~._ ·UJtSt!o:'td tbc'4t bJ ~ G1e Ul\1tc4
:rtata·~t4a·b4t ~mpo.rtkltat~·W•Ilals:o:e ltl& HtJ:Olea . "' .. ~ f"
·requl!tcouts., . Utldl ot ~~a to~to bO.vo ~"'ft~ to 1lo ttu• u ' '. i
t>r·~aeo 19701·. . D• uri: Js at,...- ~~IDa autontlal Ciuantt-
t'- ~Of tts ~11 r«tult.tp.ta. -:ba a~ Jn tho oo.oeteptSon Cf I ~ • " ' "'
oll~boe boeu·m• •~'• •Jid,- •v~~ hY t11e ~s !n
.. -~~-. ~e=r•l;~.t ~~- .. ::~tern r!UJO~ end ~ ... • N &lao'· &~p$11\!Ct ou the ~lt\d.te ~~em .; Sl. ~-. snereu•
. th• ~~--~k- Ill. tho !f.lktle ~t. ~er• ·.!s- ~tatloa an ••. il,_-tllat ·t.t cou14 no 1c~z- bet.ln •crr-:-. aourot of
. ' ' ~·
.. •wtto to Heat em r;urc»t•· · Jt llaa bttn -~batfttl b1 tile ~
· . m~ ot l;;.ltwScn .. tMt tho crnt'.a ~~tat• •iU bav• u .. , ..... . • s
·~~ fr·dtlctlo~ cepaot~~ o$_:f.li~ =tn~mrn\11 • iAV Ia . ·msoe, ttlth ·tale ita~ ~ve• at ~·. tlStJ.PD881.t us .., .. ' - . ~ . .
~- ~ . . .' ;lt#t b.--6ble to Cet\· tl;". ~tq•~~· t>f t:estoi!o auJOpe •A
,._. • ~ .; . : ; :r . . . . . . ~
"~818• lietdl•• .to. 001 :t!lJ.t t~· Sttt.kGif ue v.,- hSgh SA
ve~ctJJG ~,8 eatu,.rt.·.~·~Xt.tb• ~~ate; ot Ul•• two reclou 0011~~. ttl• ·tO. th~ atop~• ot on ~ l>t•t &a!a1· us poaltlon
Jll'tldll the }Ovlet U.01cn, 'tf0u14 Ito COllal,...lal.l vt8ce4. . . ~ ..,.,. s. clcnel.sr 1tu~:vSth the tbritlaa eeoao&d•
·~ '
· ot watfflll !t\t'Ol'O end Jtll*l• An:T. rev_... ta the ooo.aoatea ot
tJtt~~e ao•~r'les l&·bbua« to attoct the UAerlcan ooonoa, ' . ,. . . ~ . .
,· .
o.d\lersely. the ~·rntte4 :itc.tes b eow..ltted to tho defense of
eastern ;.!arope and Japm. fllnee tho en4 of the seccme. tJOrld war, aaertonD th!nklllg on torelgc pollc!f baa boon dotllmted by the
desire to hove a ta-voUJ&ble baluee ot power ln dlfter&t r~lons
of the 110r1a. tnd ot all the rclo.ua tm eoneld01'8 \JeatOII.l
Etuepe aad 1'\r ::lU.Jt to be tbo I!OBt vs.tt~1 tor J.te aocurlty.
l:.'UI'ther, qqeo Sn 4tWol(.}!?~~ .new lnten:al. reaourcaa, aaerlecw rDllcy..akers roooc~ssoa tne .. rtaaco ot otr!tdDc
a baluoe bOtWHfl ab.Oft.te~m requ!reeeta, aDd. atntalnbe
uplottable resoaroeo for meeting lone·t~ needS e.o t~&U aa . .-.slag sJtua.tSon. on vao a •pletl.ng resource 0114 us reset'fea tu the late l9GOa •eo bellevett to be o~ 8 PC' ce\
ot tue Wltll4' a proven on Yeser'\108 end Ollo-t.dgnth ot that ot
Arab ccnmtrlos. ~•tttJbg botot"e tho IIotaeo 3Ub-COt:lt'!ittee on
FOreign Affaire, Jaaos AklMt a rorolgu oenteo ottl~, aave 14
the tolloVSbg «JtSmates or th<1 wod.d oll r•erv••
!ahle •
._.(la »1111oa ~-. ' .... liiMt .............. .,.... .. : ··s-a •
tJ8 . (Jaoltldltta ~- . -, .......... . lat1Da•la ..... ·o•• w•• B ... lll_..
·; ·•: . .
Otb•AfliS...~ o..-
• • » • •• ••
· · lillie· til 1 · r ·
,....~ ........... .....__,._on motatl-... ....
· ..... , ...... 1 •• ~ •11 .... ., - Wllloo ........... ·::
......................... ,,,. :-- Ia -- ... · .
. , ........... ,. .... Ia ·.aftle*t ..... ,~~ ...... ...
...... , •• t .... 884 .......... ~:·:., •• : ... -~J.··. . ' .. . .. · . .. . ~ •'
...-•• , •• ,... ,.,..,. .. .-. 1a "'• ldM.•-•• . ae .,,,_,_,._.. __ ... .. i., ........... , .. -~-~. , .. _: ..... ~ ........ ~:.: .',. .· ..•. ' ~:; ......... taft-~ ........ :~·~·i-· ... : ...... ·~--.J .. r4i ... ,...- .._, .. ,.',. -~r;; ~~~ ........... &A )'•,' .••.•• . '1*-••··· AU.UilW . ._• ~- ........ W.W>•tri•·-,',-·
• • "• •' • ; • "• • '::-'~-·-;: • '.-..~ '·~···'r•:~~ ., ' •< • • ', •• ;'•,/ '· •••• Y ·~,:-. r~:·· .. :·· ... :';;,.: '· .. > >. ~-· '·.-·~,~:
.. ., ........... ·~· ••. ••!J!I.1(1e.., ...... \~-·::·:- :·.> .............. ., •S1- a.·~,~.,. ..,_ Ja tai.l~t~·--itr•·
. - .·· ... I. . . . . . . . ... , . ............. '.·. . _. . :·~ .. ~~ ·.
1 1PJ! .· .
~-. ·, .
171
JW.OthcJ~t fnctor that ve1Qhod vlth tho pol!c:r-mtcers _, the
cost ot protlDetton. !be ceat of p;aoductton or o11 Su the Mlddl.e
saat uaa 111oh 1011er thew tllat ot Sn tho Unlted states. l' ,..
ostketo4 that the average. vel.l. ln tho u:• pro&.toed Ql!Otmd lA
bsnets a a.u ana the cost of prodUctiOn ws abOut ~ a.ro pw
bantA. tn th• Mltm..e ·nat, tho avOJf.&go produotson •• ov.-· 6,000 t»nels a lit.1 par veu •. D-e coat of pl'Odltctlorl tbzcuehou.t
tuo !·Il&U• ~t was DDt J:DN thaD lO oento per tafte\. fl'fUlSpo,._
tatlon costa t1ot1 tho Fo'Nian Gu1t to sarope b1 cS.t tukel'll
G!Otmd the capo ot GOOd Uopo Ott aa11er tanker throagh the S\tti!J
Canal was abOut-,., centa ptm l»l!Te1.. lb.e total deUven4 coat
ot thfs oll to UQ.fOpe wuld, theretol'e, ou11 be SO ceb p• 18 . batttl.• &9fll, to the UASte4 states, the oo•• •t lldllle lellteztl
otl •ul.a be atd1leeo thaD Ubat tt •• m the 'Uillte4 sta•••
!hoto po late vare tlnt11 lU\4 ccntizuaUy urge& b.J apOkoa r a o~
on l.ndUtPJ Dl tbell' flttorts to POI'SUilt\e the l~llla\atloD 8114
c01eresa about the &1sSa:onlty of avnldkc action tba\ wll1.4
outtu• oplaloD Sll tl>.e en prodUclnrt eom1trlel ..a __,.. ,_.aeu taveetmonta and aecultJ•
An artlel.e In fRJSFit septeber 196?, ataCI'lbecl the
pO<loa *•• •••tb t.te a..n. _.aa 11o olOee te :.rJO 'lllloa l~UJ'Gls of petNlelllt o.,tS tlllt ... tolll'tba ot the •a-eoi'Dt1lllat .,.., •• , provt& ,. • .,., nan, production of the Al*b wells totala IIOh tbail
'·. ·, oa ···lfllWIIO
:o.. , .•• ........... •• ·.AIIitlid••.U. 4 ...... ' .
•• &Jab on. ...,. .,.......,_:._ v•~ •t._. a.,_. ·.·~ · . .
,._ tbat .tbe.,.... •••"• 1o etA -~---.-. WIDe ...
l...,.U'IM\1 ,.... '' bt tS., tu .-~oil..._.... : _...._ ~o ... oil acabe\ "*'• ottat.._ -~~)fll·~_· .. · ·
: i ,, > • A
eapptftl4 laa.l, BOtl.,ett ae ..... CJ4•t:,a,.l.l•ll·•••••;· w.t .. .-rl•; JRUc\datlr •• ,.._ ••:••••w -.,.. • . ·
. . . ·. ·.' _··".'· · ...... .
ood. ru ••-••• nqal:r•r-.· a-. •••'••·., ..-. ' . . ,: ·.:: .\· . ... ,. ....... -~ *• ....... 0~ .{ ....... : ... ' , ......... a.._ ..a.ta of -.1eaw tW l~lp;•r.s ._ ·
tiiiFJt ..... 0. ... •*•.• · ~-- .......... ~·~. i',' ..
. --·:-Ptif.··.ia ..... -ID v•_,-· ~ttl•• -~···:.a.·:,: ; .. ::·,_ \1............ .. ........... , ... , ... ·----·~ .... -•• -~~ ·/ ~ ....... ', > • • • ' • .... i' . ;,
·.·. >'• "·
at" r m at n 1 .~m . . • ~
pJptt.ta• en•••: ~be •s.s.. · -.: ..... en_....,,.,...._ O\Urlt lD ................ AJrll. *"• llae .UI
o ....... ~-~~~-· ~ .... , ...... ····~ ... ·· . ..-._to.__.__._.,~........ .. m1w1r11r ,., -..
,-..,.x•.it.•u•, ·j, -..r·-..- -. ._.. otl e.~-. &a ' ., " ., ' \', ... ·,· .. · .:. " ' -.
tbe •tJl.lt .. :J ..... ·•• ,.- aD4 tile ·JiftHiLJe -... "'• ·
Ale...., llltt• ....,..,. ~~~-· ,__., .,..,. -. • .a•A· ..• ....... ..... ··---~e.t---\_, Orta\ 81'- .... _.. ~ ' ;;··
o• u1nr. ar •••- _...,. -._,.... <MP*l•• ~ oil Jlil4 al .. t ,....., ' .· ' ' •• : ............ t_ .. .__ ........ ,·~·, ,..,,,_ -~~~ -to *he· .... of Sta w.t.._ -~~~ ...... ,-.·.:~:·;_
• . . . . "! ·:'":_ ,. '{-:--.., .................. : ................... ~ ..... ; ...•. .... -••. ..,pletvt.:tbll .......................... ~ .. · .. '·
·-...·.r···-------~ ... -.. .. t ., ' •• ,
' . . OIL D11WIIf J1llt\ BCOBOKIC· -. ·
............ ef: .... ~- ..... ..-.",.. ...... a'·- -~,.. ~ ....... _,~,--- JOtti!'tt-·~-•• t.JI~.-···. ·. : .... _: ,; :~. . . . - < .. , .· ·r. ·_ : '."':/" ~-".'-:_·. • ·( _:_·:_ -:~:~ .· ·.· -:;.~ .·· .. >l •. · • . • :;_ .... ~- •• 41M..-~ ~f .... ~~·-~ ... -~,-..,....,
'::~; ::. :\:· .~-·. ': .:..~' ~- . '
. ~J-JJU~.;~n ~ .· tft · J 1 ' ·u f
. .. .--<-:!1!! ... E ''::;;;;
. ·~ . ... . , .. ,
.. -...
1?8
't100 bOOOt!lln!l to W!ch ~tcnn polloy•t:nkers bo.d to ctve
laercc.[j~li oe::*Jouo nttot*lon. DV® ~UC:U tho on ear;crottcns
otnasGd (t!Q].uolvQJ.y Sil o»csottous ·111 Lt'Ob oountr1co wore DOt
aftoott-dt titer llafl to tnho .noto of tho potW!bUltr tbat Sf c
concoUtnt!on of Atob unlty took ~o on tho loouo o£ .
pCPQllsJ&tj tstOQ\l SUt)Df)~C1'l3t tbo COnc!C')t ·Qf boycott m!zht lcn4 to colla to=- ~tntUO on oil oa:;iJ11cs ~ countries ·
<llstovourod bu tho Ambe.. ~o tact tllnt soao Amb atetm
plncotl G::~t:'BO on oJl · estl)!'ts to Drlto!.n ontl l?mllce, tcllov!llcr
tllo tlr!ptlrtlto Mn~smn tn ~00 'roo a. elm11 point~ to \~hat
co~4 happen lsi tho fature. oo ttnt Qcooston, tllo trn!tcd
ato.tC3 tlnu o~eoa ea uEI!lc~dlCY' lttta of on to lto 3\t!OptXln a ol1le3 for uh1® plm-G had be~ p7te£tlre4 woll !n &dVDnco. tt
voa ablo to 'ttleblo t!lc ol~uo.tloll ot tho.t thlo tbooeh could-..
cbl.o aao1oentloo bad oe~etl for a· porto&. nut on that
ocooo!cn ~o publ!e poottwo of tho trnltod ~tnt.an t1eO ono of
oon~tloa of ariU11D~ If'Zatle c.na lomel• fllUSt ot ttot tble
ttlo uattcd Stai;()O UGS· aot flhe tnreot ot Amb anae. 1n the
leG? 3\me .,_tt a boucott tll9 ltlpesa<t o.go!not tbo Uultod otat_.
on ti\o tnots ot tho ~se acausatlon ttnt !t ba4 £G~lclpo.to4
wltb tal"!\dlt pltm<tl .sn tho ottnqk ea CC\lro. 1'ho dm!Be WBII
qttlotlr <llsp!9vo4• althoUGh tbe t»vcott loetod tor ovo~ •
r:lOAth• It I t108 tbcn 1kte4 throuah tbc ettorts o: saud! A:Gblc,
Q4l{l ltc cffoe'ts DOVet baoame totborsome. Sr.bo tlO \INS tile
~'!?tln3 1c.oo ttmn td.t-a.cllllo~ ba.r!'els p~ .-, ot oil hom
W · I 1 SS
--,.: - .
tl10 Arob 'cocnttJ . .-~on5 ~~t~-~ ~ni .eto uP hoa9~-·ee, · -· ·· e~.- · · · ~. tle\lltloJl ~t be ;uatte · a.lfferet Sn a t"'ttro
·c~S..I# 1r·tht..&all·ou -~,..t~ C.,\Ultrlea "_..to wstve . --~· 1$, Ot!lte4 ~t~~--_tsnaa ~w.ltb :ss:-GIA tu a·~ ~~~tfA1_U.aaetauto to -~•· . -~-. ~tel.)' Qfttd tl1e· · -~-~- lllr; ·-L~V-.. ~Of;c)Untlf :Clld- ot ~f!l~·DoQa "'t cqntln~ ·o~ c.~M·,· ·ln. • J11Ciau$1"l_ to- t~t aoat.ov, the
-~-~~ont•• ktloua1·~--~~~-: .. ·t\9Ja_., ua14 bt -- ~!ve •etlon~ .._. .cie&ttt to -•-~!Qte t;t:atr the UU1tett. dt.teo gQI
a&t uil, ... au.a.·-~:the::~r>-J~l'ft.ett '..ue,ut.-.. ~ .. • • '". t ~-; . . • '· ' • • '· ' • . ..
·4taauss- t!l•SJeoU;J.c_-~3eit~lie to ~~ -~•_trs tatla• • • . . . . 1: . .
·in t'b.eJ,.l'al:; liOJla, r~u• etroesetl u.t .·.tteottve testA a· ~-d ~t .·bo ob-~<f~ttm; -sCae ~lc t~ttoal. ltsu•1
-~lte: .. lntor»attrimt.t•~~n ~t 3e:nat~~,- rela,at.ton or us· i.ktfnee .:on· al1'ect' ~~,_,tcaelt ne;ot!atlona att rrt.ndllhlp o_ _.,. · .. ,. II ·to.1Ji~_.4rat> oot$~rteet.~d4.ttret :r*1v.a.
-· •' : . . --:~_ . -;·:. ' ' ~ , • • !.
'.; ... .-,. - "--t - . ~
oona}::mr:-t-~ Pi.lta.O~aa. ; ~. . ;·· ," \ ,. ;.· "·A. . .
'!he trldta4~ ~t- ,._ at10 ~eemel "'Ul •• eDDJ.W~a .. ._ .
'aeCMIUlatfoil ·of~p~:c-dc41ar ot tbe on lftdaoJias &JOUJltrl•
·ud Jta lttl~ct·on:·~ttJ~~1ee ot the ~-1•t- lndut•l&llsecl ~ . . ' -~ .
11&tlolll•. f.}~~ ti.\la.~®I1Ceatl ~G\d1C4 :i~ high poJDt dUrlaae ~· tevf.L"'tlo~ ,;~· ~o prleea·•••~n.ltcet.·~-Gl·durf.Dg •• lila.
1~&tJ• t11~-oll ••• ea4 •• stateJ>tta-t sources 1a4
-..-----~--- . se Ak!Da,· D1t '•· P• ·••·- __ . · · ••o• r...r. KoColllttl _to welt ·noatow, ac 3se-l9Er! • • ·m> »If» w, ~rtcr, w r.s•,_,, ~~. 7...,,
bcetm tc ~.att~toll ~ ~J.(: ttrovm] ~ttl~OQ of'o.U. ~rtbls . '. ~- .... '\.. ·,... . ., ,. . . :
(!'t~.''i.fc;t*. l'hs:T·• eould C*£VlSAt;$ ti sltlat!o.!l ~el!¢ the l'!!Ve11UDS .. . . . ~ ' . ~ ' . . . - ..
·would ~· 10 · t1J~ ·tJ.S. ·-co ltAve ~u~ r~t> otr.tee •.,tf.t.st · \'o:"J ta~
.4o1~~s or· .baJ.td cnnoriel31l ~~~- b-~em of ~t··.tt~eht · . . eco~~r!as ~ul.~ ~rb; ~:~ hlpi-~~l¢n3 ~r tllto ottaat!oa -~ab~Ull·to· ~~&·aooo eon~ to ;,J!orle&Ul poll:~~ ... · · · . ~ ·29$7, eo~~ ~~cut~ ;o~ .on to;Glt~~,. ~ms ~a
. '' . . ' . ... ·.. ·' ·,_, ~ ~ ·' . '"' .. . u~~titJ. fotAt to ti14dlt'rll1Jt01'll uo~~'- tnd.u.tU.ar ~~~;la -~tt! ·tel •t»ut - -~~- blliCon. : ·:;,tttntos· fl>·~ mea vwe
. . " ... ' ~ " ~
1 3.4· 'blllfo» tor tho ~~1<Mle ~, o.nu oAe :>Sllton · tbl.l.an to.-.· 91 . .• ... · Llb,a.; . ,It Vd!_ ~~rt-~ ~tJGtt~ In lfHOt ,~1aU:dl .t.Nb!a reee!Ye4
ell rev~uoo oft ._2 bJll!o~·,· Lib,_. I .U..3 btuio~, X.C t 1 •. oe . . . . ·SG . ·•· .. bA1JAt, ea l$q $ ma-~lbr... :he c~tl1e ~cot th• .
C~t1on -·~. 4'1~lo=-.:~~1nr; connt:a!oa (Ol'ae) ~ 19?3 .··_.\bi.,u~ :Wac: 1AS. · vstbtt<i.~'i. be ov~ ~-· !SO t>Jlt!otl. ~eu
' - . . • . • - 4. • ~-. . • •
eumuta.ttvo. ~« .. d!t~. ioi'·-,t:lht pm:Jo·il WOUld bo well ta4v
t ,101) WUSOP. ~1~ ~tlcm& th~oi-Ot aollld bG tlie
WUe•. w•-~ .l:lQ b$U.~~ ~ JSSO. ··.t..eoo~41Dc to tmOth• •: - _. ~ .,. ...... .
aoaroes; tLt ~tlll . ~ ··~--·~' Or~ ll• ·liM,.. aoJaafbere
Jn Cb.• vleu4l~· of # · l.E· :f)tu~n ot 'lh1oh Qii:O,..Stl&t_, . ~ . ",.._'
e,1D bltl~it .. w• availebl~ :fer~ fore~ Cnvtittmauta. lt ..
t.Oer at~tQdtuat ·b1.tho .... et tt!s. t~ the OPt-~ 1JWeat1Pl.e ~~\IJ ·~uttl be ~en~ f . ...: tllo vlc1nttJ er
setuarr aa· :ioJU, A. lt' ·'p~ so, SOQleet "''lsa J:£M' s.altl• A~\Wt m.Gtt P• •• · . . .
es .fiiWD"&taal·~ador&l,_ tol •.. ao (~),,...a.~.·". '"IN' a. e,·v • .,.. ..
,. .
' f11 . ~ ~ to$ 450 blllSml• nt.teh onoz:oon acou:nll.etlon ot co:u:u
Sn tho henan of o!l ~ne!n8 cotaltrlo:J, ~Scu'lnrl!l t:lo At.t.b
otctos uoo on ltlt:O~t ~acto~ ta tllo !Jl3rl®n otrot~J tmm11&1
t!lo t'OClon. ~o Amb ®QlltJ]lco ~cll ~t not flo Sn n vooltlon
to C~t'~ .01:® ~0 otlOUllttl ila~o tilo1t- etr.lt!OOIW 1u UCO!:' !.\itU:OOt
c:tCtlld ~te pro~cso to1' tho ~rostoro <::'tmtrloo and trJccor o~ en coonoolc ~leis•
i!o:rti to on, tho vnttott hto.tcn $tu6o ultb tho l\rob
®rlil· oonntltutCD 1to occond lnpO~t ooonotdo kltorost !n
tbo t"'Cion. .toeorc'UnB to t!to froslil®t of? t.t!O'f'lcan•At"'b
. AoaOclation fOr comwoo nna ln<htaCVJ 1 c.bOnt 600 US fhUJ voro cpsrot!na hon UolM t1alc:! · 004 boeotlo tho 0 foclo.1. tPtntn of
. as Amett!cnn ba.Stnc:ui octlvltJcn tu ~o !imil states,
2bo .foU.wS~ to n t;nrtlol lSot of tho tJ:lerloan oomx;aulea
o~~oo .tp buslnoos !a ·~10 tli'Cb. eotmtuS.oo, ~olntllnJ oD.
aom~l«lJ
!lllo • ct.13ltl()tlnl ~arl®n Abl!neot lmtt!con oroca. aaetfllc 00~1· AOortooa QYnmnS.dJ Am011.ctm !·1otorsf JIIfal etools AU:at:on~ eomit Dabeo_ck and t. :11~ aunt or.~~ aoe~ CODIJI.lWJ aorc t·cmera Jmnltr lAtornot!Om\JI?ristdl. ~ .. · or'.:tt Burmuclul co~ratlonf OOtlltb. _,i. Cf1torpill.atl .. Col.Ot~l dltulo tlldw.t~ . tnflkt eh~e CO!?l»tctlout tx>tt~Ins ~t1...~:ctt) .»tsm E.C?t\\ItJ sewn• fOWAe & Yolo; Enolid. Ino. a t-1.:.-.0itone,
•• ·altU J 1 1. jq i ll 1".1 •
' · rtwt atJuat ai~ ·nanttt ~n · rortt :-:~:tort ·-
_ ,_ --·· th~tm\1 tel. • , .. , Otn8161·Bloetnet o•eial . J1ot.Oret oU4t1a\ com~t oooa,-.rt rrotan · .
. ' ~~,t~taa ~~ r:ront!l;vdl.t tnc.j ·!De~ . ~ lbt..-t.ft.tt*l :UelrJ«lte.J Illtl J·~ & •t. J'OAM & ~ta ~tee11 ·U11ut11Jt ;u~-r-.•YoucsbatJ
· .rJOCkb._ . eeas LQ,.In ~-o~_ .. . sow_ 1 tJas••. · Ffl'IWWl .. "!tl l~erc,tk ~I'P & ~ ~~- X.1».111a A · ~~ . . . J Otis ~elfllto.rt i'f!Z'-'f BC!J ,~tcm-~t· ~eMlJ -1!-zAJ UDI~~t \!l1son· e .. co., and 'ijGfdtb• $.$
~ ·' . . ·. . . '
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· s6Ctoit ct tbe)' .a. tl;lob' GXOQ~hl'fe! v~• ~ttarlt """" - -· : ._ -.,. ' ~ -
_·ot tlDan~kl'*tllSbUtlona·tOtlle·wo tl!~~r .tArttGt u.d- . • + t • • r N ·' • -. • ' ';loo .'. •• • • • • ~ •
.. ~laeutW an4 co•t:reiusto•· #4l.Cbt~. 2114' reSuforce4 the
oU. ~- ~-- *.IJ.n~ -tbat:tbe ilbpOt~t.A~~ -et ~ vltb.
Co.tuJidot.blo·· .Otent~ -~~ etdV• wlta. tho proepoc' ot stt$4SlJ
· .. ttiaSDg Oil ~Qeao_ SU --~ 'Aist. eo~~tee .- *Uld-.t. be .
. ·ou.-.4. m -~·n&•t• •~~tse· 111 • us 'ceuraa - ~ .,.. . . \ - .
. · tb\t Jdgilt n coutwe~· .,. :und\11.1 oaS.si4eli m ftWO~ ot t•••• ·-!M .,,..-t. re;~~t~.lt/~ -~~- ttiet. tm1es8 tbe
···~lo~--· "-'•rs.~ ·~\-t.-a r;arO~«Ul ~blltrlee Mel as-a ,. I - - '• • ~
alrerfltr -graJetve Sn p~iQG -~· vlt.b O&'b ocnatrlea, ~ . ' - . '
·., u0tAt4 IUe fif#! .faatot P~S~ 1n th-e _Ara.b arkfta .at th•
-.·· .,_.. ot tll• t11llt~ t~ttJ, · ·
. zt .a .t»tnte4 ~~ . tu thSe ~»nectton tb&t tho ~Jeh
,oint or- t®~r .. -~~a to the ar~ __. b lS86 ..tl«l '"'
.expat- :tc)_th• ··~b·r.Jit•• veewlun.at ~ el?.lllllU.. .1ttt .Sa 1968t. ~~ GllOtUltat! to I al7 ·• atl1t0tl.. anatn l9al to
' --.a milll!)a ~·eo- :table b$1~).• ., f'!'F aitJii'.ill
· 29 ntc~t sn 1M iiii;!Misl.~kl, n..s• PP• :JGt~· SGG. ao Dlcl.t -PP• ~t aB()..6,_.-4 ....._
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. ':the cor,Kbrt..te rep~&rit&tlvos were uot siot.t ·to. <lra.w the Cltt•tlen···t ttle llov~~.··~· tb~· t-o~c~1un tl-.t l':Ja;i .t.nke ·
·. " '';t ' - " ' . . ·. ~ . ' . . ~ - ' ..
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.· b,llS~ ~~ the ~r(ll4 l\$cb4:- ·gel f-er ~B~&vattt(t u the ttttnra '. - , \ . . ~
_lJnleo$ i~ . •ct40n ~'-~k. bY the 1.1..'1 :aove••'• . •ttfCltSo.u · vAtJ tll.ao ~· to toe ~~ ~~t tho !miD. ~- til• Jab t~~r1tl
:.··:_,~ 'Vft1 QUd1 --~.~---~0 ~~rta 'by .•• U'dtod ·~,. ; ~~l -ttiat ·o'J• ibe ,~~ .th.~"nntte\\::~tat~ ~~ ·on3oy~ •
.·_ ~ta'#Ou.·bl· • .,. or ts~ •.. On \he. othett ••. Ca us' traae \ ·."ttb ttl.at·-e·f&~~ .. ~i.- than ~t wtth-~e ~., ect•t~tea~-·
" • .. • ~,. •• \~ ~ -.• ~ ·- ~ :. :. ' • .' ' . ~· 1- •
· tbft US t$4$ 111tll·.f.h· Arab eeuntrlcJ~ ciu .all averaze \1&8
-· est,.t$4 to· lie -q~ on~'bll1lon tc418ta uDiltlly. fhla ,..
. :t.lillJ . ~a :aer ~ · r>t ··th~ Pl\tSolal ~tal GPt.-t• ut lll»oft .. t • . ' ... ;
: ,. . . •. . · . . !' ~ .· . •
• -;,0~.:~~~- lA 1.8$9; )Ph. ut\ .~~ \\D.d lcpo·rt& .. .Uel . · · 'I 14,~- GJUt()u~ or:-~.$. expori;a. tJJld ,. .... vltb the tab
.. . • / '>'
etat• totQ11~-~ ·1,148 .UlSon lllieU •• Jullt .a..e p.r oet ot .. . . ' . ~ ,~. ~ - ,. .
. tho totAl.: - ~-a.c'anti>lnt 'tltb the Al8b ao•t.rt•. Ja ...
.. ·~ --~-~ .-~-,·~ ac ~-td+Uo~ ,. ... ,Sac • ,. . . . . . . . . a c.t. ot At!eJ-lCIU't04_,J4e t.Ue .-ur:Ql-. •• tlatt114 atat•
~ J •• ~· • a1.- • .._S»e4· a' ravo~e ·~ ot mete vltb •• Aab
COWlt~le$ (~~~o)tt c.'!:!lth:~~ftDWI Gil ~ M4 potentSal.
, . fR 4ef(il.O~ent1 the A•~· Ce>Wler._· votAa Jmtfl&. a petc,·Sat .ne• ro~ ·oap11*1 0.1 ·•ell u eo•.._ tol'dl• ~· .. ·'~ . ,; '
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~-' <J .. ·. . :Aa)Jl OUDIL ltlV3S:ei~:~~ tl; ~~tU!lo
< l ~· '· , . ·.:..-. ,:·· -~--·~:-,· .i . -~~·~ . ·. '•·
"_·_1ilo thl14. U$· ~o ~t~ ·sn··tbe AN\ eo*trS. · t. ~ .. . ,. . . ~ ~
_ tn·• ·~b ~P~ .. JiwiBtJien' ~-~ ~tho. Vriltc-~tG.tea, ·Arab oapttd ,. Ja .. ~V-te(l. tbt'Ougb ncorai~JIA- rtukt. -Ud ~tber tJ .• ta\
stitu~ttttor.t. au.-.~bm u.Curttloa·. r~: ~tat$1 and JoJa' . . .
- ven~u-n-..·· • al,~_mentton_Q4-'earlJeJri 6tebe l'GJG~edt1 •••
~ ·ae!JO~tttt\~e--unt$.ot-~~~-- -~ ~id .!u •encen t..r.kli. ' . . . - . ,- • '• * , . . ' ' .,.. '· .. : '1. ~~. :~- ~ ·- - • ~ • ~
tl"l $(14..-lcm ·.:to· tht•• -u.t.lS4. ,&l'fl.b. ~aapJtnl. ~- ·Into tllo Ulllt.ol.
·1tate!.:lot ~·ttl~'- ,~6rf.·4 Iiald to ·tJ~·:~~. &a.,~ntal. . . - . ~ - .. ~~ . ' ..• ~ . '", . ' ~ : . "'~/ ' . . ' .. ~ ' ~. . -
· AlthO~·-~t ;tcUl'« . .ts .. f»'t· .aw~o. fJOao •~ ostJ;atea· . . · • - -nft · · . . wa· ~ "
. tt tt.t·· bo subatAntJal\f btgti,. -~, - ·- · .· ' . ~ . - -~ .lj. "
.. · Ci.tiaS : tJl:e obrlo. tlct.Oftt .·tJl~ oor~t&~e .bttn'Gits .In the
m.s; ... ·~t• .•4vo~t~··:tt· *'~re ·••••(!o4" PoltQ touudB tile " 1rab.t.raet1 ~4!Spt ... ·. -~~- -.nte4 tl." :P.QUt.t!. tt.t -d sGt"'a the~ .
~ * ; ~· _.: '~ . ll·' .· • .. "" .. _ ..... ~ .. ··~.. }.~-0.; ': :~~. . ~- ' _·. . _ Ul~ ... atJo.ld lntft~to: :1.1) ;tlle ttG~Ion. ~• p~taeos11Sta or. < t!,tf.s.~tatk -~ltw al:eo·,~~_tat_.a to tb• z1w!»g snriuefte•ot -~. snlet 'UnlOll- .in. the ·:~f.o~ .. (lad COIW~Wflt .1;1\rGGt· to thlt .
·•. ~ $nt..t, there~ .".\'boy aid ·ttmt em~ ·lOI"' ~:ra-et! v&rt. th~ Utl bua~:cp~s ~~~t4 -. to .tho etOVIJag Aall ._ .... ,
aga~\ pi\1\~- us- ·Dol to:;~· i'he0r. felt a.t us suppen tR
·.·~· :.ia1M1. M4 eu~W tht:tOaa• ot lc1t-..a ...... r. laRelt
. eaeurltJ ad 'W.ait --~ tihe !1ledala •ttotal IA'•iR•• '41D.4t . .. oautSofllrlS _-·til •. .atl~lltft\.tlbal e¢almft ...StleJG« us ........ ·· :.
; ~~=!o=-:.~~=-=~c;~s.:=-~ p\..W . ..
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. .
'lho S.l+.aaee o:e tho : jttel mnnl ~or tl1e eco!¥.01!\V ot the
uaate~ •t1ollll Sa UJ.ao .c .t'd.~tor for. co~l~tlon, c~G:.tp14d vl~1 . . , . .
t'hel·1J.~'.dl• · aatO!'.n oS11 ti.l• f:1Qo;s ~\·has plo.yo4 -o v1te1 role 1n
tr.a • iatern eeouotJ1c ~·~•• .l'he QOhli11 D dt!'&tClc Sttpo:1:nalce
~coDltt bo vQ\1 .a&rrstoad. ~ tho·tJcurea clvfll bOlov. ~OM t1cureo rul~JBDe4 , the ornnntze.tlon to'!! !!coooolo r-o-op(1Jetlon . . ~4 ~~olope4¥&t (O;~) show t.~o amtmt_ or on ~t.,.,ea thJoutrh t. •
-!ln~. t!lml Ill 3900 (tho bwst Jt1lr o~ ~poratJr-u b -:!'Oro It ,.. . . ..
elOaed) flors '90J~~Soue cauatrlca o~ e.o roacJan,. me a.tS..tloa
o~ ove 90 por ~eDt ot tho on ocat t:lr6UQb t:be eaat .a ;~urope . "'A .
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~-' tr•4 rotll
lt;Srl«t.iRPB• 61·,:..00 ,ooo 30,a»,ooo
··-.ooo ?,u,oao
•
· --~ i'ht &ii\SD&t~·: .ot the- ~,aoo.ooo. tennoe ot otl sblppeA
. t~~ll tb~·,u.- ~~,· tn-~o w~ ~s- tollo~~ ~.- ·· . ttn"'Jftt -- - _ .. · , · . . 1&1,100
1000 ·- t~nn•
·. -·· \
_$:.t.n i·!adl~ .. ' . . . . . / .· .
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4.00(),()Q)' .. ~-.. . .. . 1..000~ . ' It
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t:'O~ •• ··~~Of, -~t)"}ntattC.-1 tnc.r.-191'1 .... • • • I. . - -~ . ' }: . '
o1t_~ .. route-ot Cepe .01 f~ UOpe wM l!~t9i.a. ~Se resulted :.. ' > • :~ ' ~ • , , • • • •
. tu -th• UU.PHO~t~::·~~~··ot-~tll• t.__..~rtAt.lo..n o.oa~s to the on -~t~~~- .oou:ntrte~.·-.-~3ot~~~S11 ~libr.Ut li~~ &dltor
or ·the '**a -~=-_..~e. t~~""· bctore ~· Unt• • ~ • .>" • •
eot:d~•• on ?o:rest.c Uta•~· ald. that tb~ -d.osure ot •• ~u• ., ' < ... • •
--~--~ boQ eoat th$. ttri •a-~t~titrn r~pe tottether -~ 3•• WUioa
• ..,-.r~ .' o£ ttis ~: •c.,~. o•• btlt~a -~llar:S uet •• .reet ·. . ' ' . .
-.- ·pt.14 bY. the trttit~ .,.,. %P ~9~rt of 1118 Ui!Qilellt,
C~1 -.:1 the t;c~~ oa,_llr&tn ~Aid~ ' ·:T ~ o. > (
· ·· the "'•'• .-ttOl'i#·~e ·s~ art *'"'QltSo.t ""'dt•• ot roatt bS.US~~ -t'D~ . .e·:v•r O.U Jm.JOtrte ·t~e~a tb• illMl.e ... ,,
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_&uJ ~() -t:b.e ~oam-e bt· t-U• 01'1Jd.:·· ·-out· u thta, oae bllltoa . ~ •. .
40Ua~a: •• •m~_·I>Y:·.~· us, -a.s b,lll'; - \Met.ea ~~ ....a Ultj ftllt br··-~·--~~ ·atat•· .
"' ~ ~ . ' . -. ~~-lllll ~ r.Qv-.led tt•t JJI .. el.GDe, .... .. '
. . . . · · . ., . ·· tonnes -·.f»t~. thtpa -ear.,s., ~ 850 atulo~ ~: ·- .: ~t: oarco PD•.t
· ·'tbrcuah it,1a ~,;~ ·~· • ~· aSD: •• ~- Ztal.J, Bd•ta, ... ..-ca·ae ·tt;~-ldt.&.atat~ .a tlv• ·~ ~•era •tJoat
-..
wt&o -.h<I'Jste4 ·tor·· 78, per ·.e~t;:'of .. tb.o ftc1gb.\ .eolllf! tru:cn~b . . "" . ~ -
·t~o.~. :!fb• novl~ Udo.n•q ~~P: \IQs o;;J., ~e per ecai ot
1Ul~ ~tnt ~. . ra ~-- tho tm .. O,t!4JOrto4. s 3.a bW.~n 110rta
. o~ t,.'0~\1$ tm!S ~reee em;~ .l'tb 1·1.~. btU~ ,_. ~· mtto.na , ~ ·' .. / ~ ~ ,, . . '"' .. ·~ " . '
.lff~lG .lil4!D Oc~.-~So~ .· %21 the $CWO )'.f;t. tbo SOYJ.•' .
tint~!- .tr(ldo wltb t.b.c$C --trtet etr>-tod 'to- • 'aatilllllloA Ju , ':' . ~ . -: . ' . .... . .
-~tts 104., ~:.SU.tou·-ln -t'tft ~gh . .,_s onl:;·•wen per_ '. . . :. ' : . . ··. . ; •. 3G •:ef~St ci:· the Ollllb1ao4 .,teen a.na-nntS. taAe. In the reaSon. . . .; . ~· . ~
_·. __ ~ ·.-~:. ·the !iUel ·.~ ~J'O\f$44* ttt• lbo:tG&t :o\lte b•ftb Z.'tU'OP•
: a$1 the ~,11 prcduotl.tri·'-~h~~ or ';:aft· ,.:!a~ Att• tho'~ .. . .. . . . ., . ' .:--. f .. ~ • . •. i • ~
c1.f1a~, tbe tlbtaae• ~.-~- tho -tl#;) ~egjoua. lDol'eaatrtt b1 abollt
·'•~ ·;tAet .. ~l$~· C~Iulm•t to- tuo ve.?.a «tta -.11!Jlc ,._ , . ~- - .'' . . ~ ' . '
t.o E$Ch d.t~tc». ·~ta.Jtu:r•ta Ahtance we.a sat« to have .. c:o~t _ _, ·per -celt .tot~, pg!f·_ ,... tt'i;.. r~er, · •• llhllJPJriB
. ~ ' : ' . . . . .
f)Oitc Gl!o· la<te bqr•GA s!D~ ~.,. atnOe H•tea BUOpe
·aud ~~ 1-el.~ ~~AY: ~ u•' . .ta.m oil, the ol.oetiN •r ' . . ~the ~Q.d. Qtlnt>l wsu1~.i4 'Jl ·the rk• .!Jl thtf.aDllOalo ooets Jn
y ~ ~.. ' • ..
lbelo eo\1ntr.181. ·~Xn,_ tlle. Uul'*' ate.:tet tho clobSN •t tbe sus « 0 ·- • • • ' I • 0 ,~< • • • •. - :
,, dmlll$4 - ~--~·!~~ ftyt ~;- .. blab• cons~· pdc~ tol' oU. pac~Uct~ · s•gponllla c.pb.U•a
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_ elOmft() c~. th1il: *~uel ~-.1 1e4 to ·t"qt aus~Soli ot th• MO«<-. ·t-~ :.~Itt., ~ll1-- Ut'1 ct. ttt~> Am~rloe tthSp;~- e01nrsnt• -· ·tttte Ater~taa:·-~b~~~ C)~ 11~ Y~t-l: •. Uc t.al.~O ~tt that
, : Aaor1¢en .. 7t~~~4. t~ 1»)'- a_u~ttariy··~~er R~Jo~ tor . , '. ' . . . ~ ~ . c.- .... ~-cot&. .•l.oh t~er~ -.--thlo~_j;he 1~"
· ~ve·re•t.or-..r:u•'~,. ~.,• ~tt\te·n~et ··-•· tlieia~~.to.st·ooJg~& ... ~att-thattbotiAm' - -.U'- v• bet\~~ N. -~~·:~\J\1 .~,·otA.l.~ bJU~ dU .. ···-- . -. ·_-.. '- .-. ' . - - -. --
' to· the c10stAr» Of·tb•--oUD3.• '· -·- - · ,·~ .. ' -...... ·. , . . ' '.· (' • . . '. ' ; t . . ~- . •
. ·. - - . ftiOte,sor aact\ctl' 3\ :r.ai.lat4it ~ot tbfl uul•Jot~S:'V or ,. '+ • ' . .. :, • ~ " -. .- 1- . . ' • •• ' ' -~, j
Ooloratto• a».a· a to~ -~~a -ocmtJUltaa~ .to.' tuo llO:rld --.
. '~tttendltd u.t' S.-· »?i. ~-~;: :diJf)Ct ocrmoelc: 108$11 aattten« I ~ ~ 0
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· ·,·.3.4, blitto~ · ne • .;~:.~t-:the ~~:, _etoav~ u acmtS.e4
tll.!OW..ll ~~~alA .,--1!~· anJ..-bdiftOUlt tbeVs, -.
wt~tern.r&,;,p,;.·~:;ra~-a~ut-f, 8 biutonft ~~to tda . - ' - ..
~~-~.-ro•t - ciual. to tnat •»'*''t br the tJI a.v•t •••' oa < ~ • "N ·t._ '
.-..Soaen4·•~-tt~-40Ubl-e.that a.Uo$to4 tor- the dJn - . - . ' _, - 39 . vAStt4 ~)u.t• -ftft~#4~ ~4. _proi...-.-. · ·
·:-. tollWSJ.iti'· ... ·• etttaate4--- coat of soes --.1. . ;._ .. .
clfiSUH ausm 3D71•· ·-- oompntG4 n ,~,. 4ll'tlftl 1001*1lo · .'10a1 b<tCtft'od. bi~~-tbe :!..... COUD~rt. dtte. ·t., ·tho. cloav. ot
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•• tlleftllae SA pr!ee of ·nedlterl'&Ceo tr.st . .MJan and -v--sne~u~· Oft4e oil
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