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Oakland County Animal Control –

Animal Cruelty Cases (2013-2015)

Version 1

October 3, 2017

Author: Pam Sordyl

Revision History

V1 10/03/17 Published

Purpose of Study

Puppy Mill Awareness of Southeast Michigan has

completed a study of animal cruelty cases logged by the

Oakland County Animal Control (OCAC), located at 1200 N.

Telegraph, Bldg. 42 East, Pontiac, Mich. The primary goal

of the study was to determine the extent of regulatory

oversight and animal welfare protection provided to

companion animals within the department’s jurisdiction,

specifically animals involved in hoarding cases and large-

scale breeding kennels.

Scope of Study

This study only includes cases identified by Oakland

County Animal Control (OCAC) between January 2013 and

December 2015 as “animal cruelty cases.” Tickets were

issued in each case. Additional animal cruelty cases have

been covered in the news media, however, most of these

cases were led by other local agencies (Appendix A) or

were not cases that resulted in a ticket. All animal cruelty

cases included in this study occurred within OCAC’s

jurisdiction, which includes 43 municipalities (Appendix B).

Some municipalities (18 total) within Oakland County have

their own Animal Control Departments, designated

officer(s), or are not serviced by OCAC.

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Oakland County Animal Control (OCAC) – Animal Cruelty Cases

Key Findings

1. Over a three-year period (2013 – 2015), there were only 15 tickets issued by OCAC

for animal cruelty and less than half were fully prosecuted. Six cases were still

open with aging bench warrants. One case was not fully prosecuted because

OCAC’s warrant request was missing at the court. This suggests a lack of

enforcement and prosecution.

2. There were 3,066 animal complaints called into the OCAC dispatch office. This

means less than 1% of all calls result in a ticket. As of October 2016, there are 10

full-time and 3 part-time officers on staff. This suggests a lack of enforcement.

3. OCAC is issuing more tickets in minority communities with 60% of the animal

cruelty cases in the jurisdiction of the 50th District Court in Pontiac.

4. No animal cruelty tickets were issued to dog breeding kennels. There are more

unlicensed dog kennels (13) than there were licensed (5). Some kennels are

avoiding annual inspections by purchasing bulk dog licenses instead of kennel

licenses. This suggests a lack of oversight.

5. OCAC did not take the lead in any animal hoarding cases that resulted in the

seizure of animals; they have only assisted other agencies in removing animals. In

some cases neighbors had repeatedly called OCAC. In all of those cases, there

were no probation terms to restrict the number of animals a hoarder could own

and nothing to require hoarders to pay restitution to cover the costs of the seizure.

This suggests the department is inexperienced in leading animal cruelty cases.

6. OCAC is not enforcing the basic animal cruelty laws (MCL 750.5) related to

providing medical attention. Reference Chien d’Or Goldens, Farmington Hills and

Petland Novi case examples.

7. OCAC is not enforcing the Pet Shop Laws (MCL 287). The department stated that it

is not their jurisdiction and “the department only responds to food, water, and

shelter complaints.” Reference Petland Novi case example.

8. OCAC is not enforcing the dog kennel regulations (MCL 287.270). Reference Chien

d’Or Goldens, Farmington Hills and Diane Grassi, White Lake case examples.

9. There is no local oversight of wildlife, animal shelters, commercial breeders,

animal brokers, research facilities, or animal exhibitors.

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10. OCAC has no written polices or procedures for dispatchers or patrol officers, nor

does the department have written contracts with the 43 municipalities they

service. It is unclear who determines which complaints to address, how they will

investigate the complaint, or which services are provided to the communities of

Oakland County.

11. OCAC does not have a full-time director trained in animal welfare or animal cruelty

investigations. The department director works part-time as the mayor of Novi,

Michigan, which is a conflict of interest when complaints are reported related to

animal enterprises within Novi. Free training opportunities were available each

year through the Michigan Humane Society, Humane Society of the United States

and the Michigan Pet Fund Alliance. The OCAC director was invited and made

aware of these opportunities and did not attend any of these.

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Few Animal Cruelty Cases Logged

There were a total of 15 animal cruelty cases logged by Oakland County Animal Control

(OCAC) over three years (2013-2015).

This is a considerably low number of tickets based on the number of animal complaints

(3,066 per dispatch call logs) and the size of the jurisdictional area, including 43

municipalities and 72% of the population – approximately 902,264 people.

Oakland being the second-most populous county in Michigan, houses over 59,000

licensed dogs (source OCAC Dog Licenses List 2015).

Of the approximate 493,489 households in Oakland County, OCAC’s 43 jurisdictions

include 357,701 households. Nationally, 65% of the households have pets with 1.43

dogs and 2 cats per household. With those estimates, OCAC covers approximately

232,509 households with pets.

Source for the number of households:

https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/fact/table/oaklandcountymichigan/PST045216)

15 Tickets Issued

3 lead by other agency 9 tickets in Pontiac Court No Felonies or Businesses

• 2 animal neglect

cases were led by

the Oakland County

Sheriff’s

Department

• 1 animal hoarding

case was led by the

Waterford Police

Department

• 60% of the animal

cruelty cases (9 total)

were adjudicated in

50th District Court in

Pontiac

• 100% misdemeanors

• 100% individual pet

owners

• 93% canine related

Sources: OCAC Cruelty Case log, OCAC incident reports and district court records.

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CHART 1 – Oakland County Animal Control Cruelty Cases (Details)

Includes only cases under Director Robert Gatt.

Name Incident Date

OCAC Case #

Disposition Disposition Date

Race Sex Officer Who Wrote the Ticket

Court Court Case #

April L. Posey 02/05/13 13-45989 Sent to Court 02/06/13 White Female Bullock (OCAC)

50th District

Pontiac 13-64025SM

Darnel Lamar Jackson 03/01/13 13-45815 Sent to Court 03/11/13 Black Male Gabriel (OCAC)

50th District

Pontiac 13-64288SM

Christopher Martin

Smith 03/19/14 14-66319

Turned Over to

Prosecutor 04/03/14 Black Male TBD

50th District

Pontiac 14-66319SM

Monica Hale McFadden 06/09/15 15-46963 Sent to Court 06/11/15 Black Female TBD Officer (OCAC)

50th District

Pontiac 15-68438SM

Ryan Anthony Odneal-

Edwards 07/29/13 13-006168

Turned Over to

OC Sheriff Office 07/29/13 Black Male Grudaj (OCSO)

50th District

Pontiac 13-133643OM

David Joseph Blocki 08/19/15 15-007484 Sent to Court 08/20/15 White Male Brzezinski (OCAC)

52-3 District

Rochester 15-007484

Stuart Brian Chura 03/25/15 15-46953 Sent to Court 03/30/15 TBD Male TBD

52-1 District

Novi 15-001813SM

Cheryl Lynn Smith 10/02/15 15-43182 Sent to Court 10/07/15 White Female Klebba (OCAC)

51st District

Waterford 15-3780SM

Lucile Jackson-Grayson 10/30/15 15-08567

Turned Over to

Prosecutor 01/05/16 TBD Female TBD 45th Oak Park 16-SL0011

Darren Vaughn Kirk 05/06/14 14-004259

Turned Over to

Prosecutor 05/06/14 TBD Male TBD

52-1 District

Novi 14-004259

David Poling Cruden 04/09/15 15-43344 Sent to Court 04/16/15 White Male Brzezinski (OCAC)

52-3 District

Rochester 15-003295SM

James Earl Terry 10/26/15 15-43188 Sent to Court 10/27/15 Black Male Klebba (OCAC)

50th District

Pontiac 15-69113SM

Antonio Price Theresa

Y. Montgomery 12/10/13 13-007097

Turned Over to

OC Sheriff Office 12/10/13 Black Male

Det. John

MacDonald

50th District

Pontiac 13-134753OM

Ad Brown 01/12/15 15-00248

Turned Over to

Prosecutor 01/26/15 TBD TBD TBD Klebba (OCAC)

50th District

Pontiac n/a

Crystal Starr Williams 02/05/15 15-00672

Turned Over to

Prosecutor 02/06/15 TBD Female TBD Officer (OCAC)

50th District

Pontiac n/a

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Court Case Dispositions

Court disposition documents include the

nature of the proceedings and whether

they resulted in a conviction or acquittal.

In addition, a disposition advises when a

case is dismissed, abandoned or

indefinitely postponed, and it indicates

whether the charges were pursued.

Court disposition information for the cases

included in this study was collected from

court documents. Disposition information

was not available in the OCAC Incident

Reports.

More than half of the cruelty cases were not prosecuted. Some were dismissed, missing at the

court, or had open bench warrants.

Disposition Summary

7 cases with conviction obtained (47%) 8 cases filed, no conviction (53%)

• Two cases led by other agency

• $325 - $1,325 in fines

• One case included jail time of 5 days.

Processed through the Sheriff’s

Office, not OCAC

• Only one case included a 12-month

probation, restriction on animals,

surrendered pet

• Two cases dismissed

• Four cases with open bench warrants.

Three aging 1-2 years

• Two cases unknown status. Aging > 1

year. OCAC states that warrants were

denied by the court, yet there are no

records of any warrant requests

submitted

Aging bench warrants and missing warrant requests suggest a lack of enforcement.

Conviction obtained

47%

53%

Cases filed, no conviction

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CHART 2– Oakland County Animal Control Cruelty Cases (Summary)

Incident

Date

Incident

Location Description

Classificati

on

Actual

Leading

Agency

Status Penalty

1 02/05/13 Pontiac Dog frozen on back porch. Neglect Animal

Control

Closed $750 Fined

2 03/01/13 Pontiac 3 dogs, heavy chains, no food,

water or shelter. Mult. complaints.

Neglect Animal

Control

Closed $385 Paid no probation, no

restrictions

3 03/19/14 Waterford Dog beaten and choked for

unknown reason. Owner with

temper.

Intentional

Torture

Animal

Control

Closed $725 Paid, no probation, no

restrictions

4 06/09/15 Pontiac Severe untreated wounds from

recent and prior dog fight.

Intentional

Torture

Animal

Control

Closed $325 Fined. no probation, no

restrictions

5 10/30/15 Royal Oak

Twp

Dog tangled on rope. Open neck

wound.

Neglect Animal

Control

Closed $450 Fined, 12 month probation,

no animals, surrendered pet

6 10/02/15 Waterford Health hazard in home. Unsanitary.

17 animals seized.

Hoarding Waterford

PD

Open. (Pending payment) $1,325 Fined, no probation, no

restrictions

7 07/29/13 Pontiac Chained dog, no food water,

underweight, mange, and hair loss.

Neglect Sheriff Open. (Pending payment) Jail time 5 days, $225, $725

8 03/25/15 Wixom Emaciated senior hunting dog.

Kidney failure not confirmed.

Neglect Animal

Control

Dismissed

9 08/19/15 Lakeville Left dog in hot car. Dog panting

heavily, eyes appear disoriented.

Neglect Animal

Control

Dismissed

10 05/06/14 Commerce

Twp

Senior dog with very large tumor

causing uterus to fall out.

Neglect Animal

Control

Bench Warrant Open 2 years TBD

11 04/09/15 Addison

Twp

Emaciated pitbull in home. Muscle

loss, barricaded in basement. Failed

to provide veterinary care.

Neglect Animal

Control

Bench Warrant Open 1 year TBD

12 10/26/15 Pontiac Very thin pitbull. No food/water.

Advised vet check.

Neglect Animal

Control

Bench Warrant Open 6 months TBD

13 12/10/13 Pontiac Dog frozen. Neglect Sheriff Bench Warrant (2 years) TBD

14 01/12/15 Pontiac Dog frozen. Neglect Animal

Control

Turned over to the Prosecutor.

No evidence of Warrant

Request or Denial (Open > 1 yr)

15 02/05/15 Pontiac Underweight, injuries similar to dog

fighting.

Intentional

Torture

TBD Turned over to the Prosecutor.

No evidence of Warrant

Request or Denial (Open > 1 yr)

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Animal Related Enterprises - Lack of Enforcement & Oversight

There were no animal cruelty tickets issued to animal-related businesses, including dog

breeding kennels, boarding kennels, pet stores, retail stores selling farm animals, or hobby

farms.

Basic animal cruelty laws under the Michigan Penal Code apply to all animal-related businesses.

In fact, they apply to all vertebrae other than humans. This means that OCAC officers and local

police departments can issue animal cruelty tickets to farmers, dog kennels (with or without

county licenses), pet stores, and animal rescue organizations, subject to applicable exemptions

in the cruelty statute.

Michigan’s basic animal cruelty laws are rated sixth best in the country by the Animal Legal

Defense Fund, which indicates that law enforcement organizations have extensive

opportunities to prosecute animal cruelty in the state should they choose to do so. The existing

laws provide substantial protections for animals, but in order for them to be effective, they

must be enforced.

No Tickets Issued

Complaints filed, yet no tickets issued Lack of oversight for companion animals

• 142 livestock complaints

• Approximately 30 extra dog kennel

inspections were conducted each

year suggesting there were

complaints or problems requiring

inspection

• Approximately 13 dog kennels with

over 10 individual dog licenses, no

kennel license and no annual

inspections

• Approximately 30 pet stores selling

live animals with no license, no

annual inspections, and the

department is not responding to

complaints, claiming the Michigan

Department of Agriculture (MDARD)

dropped the state program

• Approximately 75 animal rescue

organizations with no licenses, no

state regulations, no local

regulations and no annual

inspections

Sources: Dispatch Call Logs (2013-2015), OCAC Kennel Licenses (2009, 2016), OCAC Dog Licenses List (2015), PMA

Pet Store List (2012), Petfinder.com.

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Basic Animal Cruelty Law Michigan Penal Code

(MCL 750.50)

Covers ALL animals, including those in pet stores and breeding

facilities. Animal means any vertebrae other than a human being.

"Adequate care" means the provision of sufficient food, water,

shelter, sanitary conditions, exercise, and veterinary medical

attention in order to maintain an animal in a state of good health.

"Neglect" means to fail to sufficiently and properly care for an

animal to the extent that the animal's health is jeopardized.

"Sanitary conditions" means space free from health hazards

including excessive animal waste, overcrowding of animals, or other

conditions that endanger the animal's health.

"State of good health" means freedom from disease and illness, and

in a condition of proper body weight and temperature for the age

and species of the animal, unless the animal is undergoing

appropriate treatment.

“Negligently allow any animal, including one who is aged, diseased,

maimed, hopelessly sick, disabled, or nonambulatory to suffer

unnecessary neglect, torture, or pain.”

"Shelter" means adequate protection from the elements and

weather conditions suitable for the age, species, and physical

condition of the animal so as to maintain the animal in a state of

good health.

Shelter, for a dog, includes 1 or more of the following:

(i) The residence of the dog's owner or other individual.

(ii) A doghouse that is an enclosed structure with a roof and of

appropriate dimensions for the breed and size of the dog. The

doghouse shall have dry bedding when the outdoor temperature is

or is predicted to drop below freezing.

(iii) A structure, including a garage, barn, or shed, that is sufficiently

insulated and ventilated to protect the dog from exposure to

extreme temperatures or, if not sufficiently insulated and

ventilated, contains a doghouse as provided under subparagraph

(ii) that is accessible to the dog.

All laws can be found online: http://legislature.mi.gov

Go to Basic MCL Search

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Oakland County Pet Stores “Protected”?

Although Michigan’s Pet Shop Program was suspended in 2009 and the Michigan Department

of Agriculture (MDARD) no longer regulates pet stores, the laws still apply. Local law

enforcement, including animal control officers, can follow up on possible violations to the Pet

Shop Laws.

Other southeast Michigan cities began enforcing the Pet Shop Laws once the state program was

suspended to address problem retailers in their communities. With local oversight, some

irresponsible pet retailers were closed and charges were filed:

2012 Pet Station (Dearborn, MI):

In Dearborn, a local detective from the police department was assigned to respond to animal

complaints. They allegedly found dead animals on the floor; scarce food and water for the

animals; and urine and feces in cages. The business was accused of selling sick pets and pets

falsely advertised as having their vaccinations to unknowing customers. The owner pleaded

guilty to one count of abandon/cruelty to 10 or more animals; one count of false pretenses,

$200 to $1,000; one count of writing a check with non sufficient funds; 20 counts of pet shop

violations; one count of pet shop rule violations; and 11 counts of Animal Industry Act rule

violations.

2013 Greenwood, (Warren, MI):

After utilities were shut off, Warren Animal Control Officers and Macomb County Animal

Control officials removed dozens of animals -- including several birds, kittens, a puppy, two

roosters, an iguana, a tarantula and a 10-foot albino Burmese python -- from the building. Many

were mildly to severely malnourished. Of the three dozen cockatiels, several were bloodied and

some had broken wings and toes. Two died less than 24 hours after being removed. The owner

who pleaded no-contest to animal cruelty charges was prohibited from possessing animals for

two years.

2013 Krazie Kritterz (Cheboygan, MI):

Cheboygan’s Animal Control Department worked jointly with the police to arrest the owner of

Krazie Kritterz for violating state pet shop laws. According to the local Animal Control Officer

Deputy Swanson, officers visited the store approximately 15 times since the store opened.

Complaints related to sick and underage animals, not providing veterinary care, unsanitary

conditions, and administrating medications without a veterinary license, which is a felony in

Michigan. Approximately, seven complaints were turned over to the County Prosecutor. Sheriff

Dale V. Clarmont issued a warrant and arrested the owner on January 25, 2013, after the store

owner sold an animal without a 30-day health certificate.

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These negligent retailers would have continued selling sick animals if it had not been for the

hard work of the local agencies.

During 2013-2015, Puppy Mill Awareness of Southeast Michigan directed individuals with pet

store complaints to OCAC. Complainants reported back, stating they were directed to the

Michigan Department of Agriculture (MDARD).

As of 2016, there are no written policies on file at OCAC stating which types of complaints the

department will or will not respond to.

Pet Shop, Dog Pounds, & Animal Shelters Law

(MCL 287.331 – 287.340)

Cannot sell a dog or cat less than 8 weeks old.

Cannot sell a dog or cat without deciduous (baby) teeth visibly present.

Cannot sell a dog or cat unless the dog has been vaccinated within 7 days

before entry into the state. The dog shall be accompanied by a health

certificate signed by a veterinarian.

Cannot sell a dog or cat without providing to the purchaser a health

certificate signed by a veterinarian. The certificate shall include a health

record indicating the date and type of vaccinations that have been given

to the dog or cat.

Pet Shop Rule 13:

• For dogs and cats purchased, required to keep the following:

• Name and address of the person from whom the animal was acquired

• Name and address of the person to whom it was sold

• Date of acquisition.

• Description and identification of the animal, including the breed, sex,

color, and approximate weight.

• Date, nature, and method of disposition; for example, sale, death,

euthanasia, or donation.

• A pet shop, dog pound, or animal shelter shall maintain such records for

2 years

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Petland Novi - A Conflict of Interest?

Puppy Mill Awareness of Southeast Michigan has logged over 100 complaints related to Petland

located at the Twelve Oaks Mall in Novi, Michigan. During 2015, there were 25 complaints

related to animals being purchased with illnesses. OCAC responded by stating that it is not their

jurisdiction and “the department only responds to food, water, and shelter complaints.”

— Petland Novi Complaint Log:

http://files.meetup.com/1258100/Petland%20Novi%20Complaint%20Log.pdf

Over 100 complaints have been logged related to Petland Novi

2015 Petland Puppy for Sale

(photo credit: Cara Valdez)

Complaints have been reported to local Animal Control, the

Michigan Department of Agriculture and Rural Development,

PetShopPuppies.org, Puppy Mill Awareness of Southeast

Michigan, the Novi Police and the Better Business Bureau.

Many complaints relate to sick puppies sold with illnesses,

such as coccidia and giardia, which can be passed to humans.

Luxating patellas are almost always seen in poor breeding,

especially in toy breeds, and corrective surgery costs families

thousands of dollars.

Petland Novi has been the subject of local investigations, including WXYZ Detroit’s The Investigators

— Rocky’s Story (WXYZ Detroit) https://youtu.be/OMjR2ilmB-I

— Laci’s Story (WXYZ Detroit) https://youtu.be/knsCOvMRfbI

2009 WXYZ Detroit- Pet

Problems

Petland Novi has been exposed on Channel 7 (WXYZ Detroit)

twice for selling sick animals. In 2009, a couple purchased a

bulldog that later died from pneumonia. One month later,

The Investigators were called about more allegations of sick

animals. Several attempts had been made to talk to the

owners of both the local Petland stores. They refused to do

an on-camera interview with The Investigators.

In 2011, the Michigan Department of Agriculture (MDARD)

found that Petland Novi was importing puppies without

proper vaccinations and with missing certificates (Work

Orders 6901 and 7049).

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PetShopPuppies.org revealed the following problems noted by customers who had purchased puppies

from Petland Novi.

o Allergies

o Severe vomiting & diarrhea

o Bloody Diarrhea

o Bowed Legs

o Breathing problems

o Cataracts

o Coccidia

o Congenital Megaesophagus

o Crystals in urine

o Cysts

o Demodectic Mange

o Diarrhea

o Brain Tumor

o Ear infections

o Ear Mites

o Giardia

o Heart Murmur

o Hemivertebrae

o Intestinal Parasites

o Kennel Cough

o Kidney failure

o Luxating Patella

o Misaligned teeth

o Probable Tracheal collapse

o Regurgitation

o Runny nose

o Seizures

o Severe underbite.

o Sneezing

o Stomach problems

o Tooth resorption

o Treated for URI while in pet

store

o Underweight

o Upper respiratory illness

o URI

o UTI

Per statements made by prior and current veterinarians servicing Petland Novi, Puppy Mill

Awareness believes puppies are being regularly imported into Michigan with illnesses and OCAC

has failed to investigate the source of these illnesses. Nor has OCAC investigated the veterinary

clinic that is providing Petland with 30-day health certificates that testify to the supposed good

health of purchased puppies. Petland Novi’s 2015 contracted veterinarian provided a written

letter to OCAC stating that the puppies arrive in the state with illnesses, yet no investigation

was conducted, nor was the Michigan Department of Agriculture (MDARD) notified.

For years mall shoppers have observed sick animals on display at Petland Novi. These

complaints have been escalated to both the Novi City Council in 2014 and 2015, as well as, the

Oakland County Commissioners Public Services Committee in 2015 and 2016.

OCAC Director Robert (Bob) Gatt is also the Mayor of Novi. On May of 22, 2014 the director

publicly responded to shopper concerns by stating Petland is “operating in a legitimate and

lawful manner. In fact, several such complaints have been lodged in the past 18 months, each

one deemed unfounded by the animal control officers.”

However, in April 2014, a records request was sent to OCAC asking for a list of pet store

complaints related to a problem pet store in Novi for the last three years (2011 – 2014). The

department responded by stating, “no calls were logged for the retailer.” Puppy Mill Awareness

had logged 24 complaints related to sick animals purchased at Petland in Novi during that same

time frame.

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2017 Update:

Animal Legal Defense Fund Files Nationwide Racketeering Class Action Lawsuit Against Petland

Posted on July 26, 2017

Lawsuit alleges national pet store chain engaged in fraudulent scheme to sell sick “puppy mill” puppies to

consumers at premium prices based on fraudulent health guarantees

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Freedom of Information Act Records Request and Response

April 2, 2014

FOIA Coordinator,

Under Michigan’s Freedom of Information Act, Act 442, I am requesting a list of pet store complaints for

the following pet store including complaint information, response details, and inspection reports since

July 2011.

Petland

Twelve Oaks Mall

27200 Novi Road

Unit #106

Novi Mi

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Oakland County Dog Kennels – Licensing Loophole

Kennel licenses in Michigan are optional, creating a loophole for large-scale operations. Instead

of obtaining a cheaper kennel license with annual inspections, these kennels are obtaining bulk

individual licenses. Unlicensed kennels may want to avoid annual kennel inspections, may not

have qualified for a kennel license, may have failed prior inspections or are not allowed by local

zoning ordinances.

During 2015-2016, there were more unlicensed dog kennels in Oakland County than there were

licensed.

• There were approximately (46) county licensed kennels, (5) of them were breeding

kennels, per the OCAC’s Kennel License List (2016). Most county licensed kennels are

used for boarding purposes only.

• There were (13) residents who purchased bulk individual licenses. Over half of them (7)

would be considered large-scale with over (15) adult dogs, per the OCAC Dog License

Lists (2015).

OCAC has not closed the loophole, leaving animals in large-scale kennels unprotected. This

indicates a lack of oversight.

Other neighboring counties have more licensed breeding kennels, which must follow

Regulations 129.

County Approximate # of dog breeding

kennels with county licenses

Oakland ~5

Washtenaw ~10

Genesee ~12

Lapeer ~22

St. Clair ~39

Regulations 129: Dog Kennels

Michigan also has basic kennel regulations; however, kennel

licenses are optional via a loophole.

Adequately and comfortably house any dogs all seasons

Buildings constructed of materials that are easy to clean

No pea gravel

No wood

No dirt

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CHART 4 – Large-scale kennels with no oversight

Kennels paying more for individual licenses

City

# of

Individual

Licenses

Individual

License

Costs

Kennel Cost

(includes

annual

inspection)

Overpaying

for Individual

Licenses

(Why?)

CLARKSTON 32 $240 $60 $180

WEST BLOOMFIELD 31 $233 $60 $173

MILFORD 19 $143 $50 $93

WEST BLOOMFIELD 17 $128 $50 $78

OXFORD 16 $120 $50 $70

CLARKSTON 15 $113 $50 $63

WHITE LAKE 15 $113 $50 $63

WEST BLOOMFIELD 14 $105 $50 $55

SPRINGFIELD TWP 12 $90 $50 $40

AUBURN HILLS 11 $83 $50 $33

W BLOOMFIELD 11 $83 $50 $33

DAVISBURG 10 $75 $25 $50

WATERFORD 10 $75 $25 $50

Source: OCAC Dog Licenses List (2015)

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Oakland County Dog Kennels – Lack of Enforcement

Some problem licensed kennels are requiring follow-up and repeat visits, yet no tickets have

been issued. The dispatch call log shows there is an average of (76) inspections each year, yet

there are only (46) kennels to inspect annually. This is approximately (30) extra kennel

inspections each year, suggesting there were complaints or problem at these kennels, yet no

tickets have been issued.

Puppy Mill Awareness of Southeast Michigan has filed complaints related to large-scale kennels

and has followed-up on citizen complaints. These complaints related to primary enclosures,

unsanitary conditions, overcrowding, sick animals being sold, as well as animals being impacted

by these substandard conditions.

Diane Grassi, White Lake, MI

(photo credit: PMA)

Chien d’Or Goldens, Farmington Hills, MI

(photo credit: OCAC)

Karen Zakaria, Novi, MI

(photo credit: PMA)

OCAC often responded in the following manner:

• Incomplete incident reports. In some

cases, the original complaint details are

omitted or not documented. It is unclear if

the observations were founded or

unfounded.

• Citizen complaint photos and/or videos

contradict OCAC officer findings.

• Repeat violators are monitored. One

kennel failed 16 inspections, including

follow-up inspections, yet retained its

kennel license.

• Marked “no further investigation.” OCAC

stated they would no longer respond to

any complaints.

• Failed to provide animal welfare check on

site, and instead called the breeder to

discuss the parvovirus outbreak.

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Oakland County Animal Hoarders – No Restrictions on Animals

For a larger sample size, this section includes an additional four Oakland County hoarding cases

covered in the media during 2012 - 2016.

• All led by local agencies. OCAC was only called to assist in the removal

and sheltering of the animals.

• As part of the study, Puppy Mill Awareness of Southeast Michigan

followed-up with the leading agency to confirm that further oversight

was being conducted. No agency was monitoring to ensure animals were

not being hoarded again.

• In 2012 (Waterford)—“Some neighbors also said they could often smell a

foul odor coming from the home. FOX 2 is told that neighbors repeatedly

called animal control and even township officials, but nothing has really

been done.”

• There were no probation terms, no restrictions on animals and no

restitution to cover seizure costs. The Hoarding of Animals Research

Consortium (HARC) states almost 100% relapse if all animals are not

removed from the hoarder and if conditions are not made to prevent any

further ownership. https://vet.tufts.edu/hoarding/

If prosecuted, it is imperative that law enforcement have access to

conduct periodic inspections of all properties owned by the family. In

addition, restitution should be considered to cover all expenses for the

animal rescues, including medical and behavioral needs.

Lack of Restitution Costs Taxpayers

(photo credit: 2015 Royal Oak Police)

“I get 440 days total (when billing we don't

count the first day). I counted the same

number of euthanized animals. I have a total

of $9,354.00.

It has always been up to a judge to decide

what, if any restitution is paid and what

treatment/ punishment is issued. As you

already know, Royal Oak has their own Animal

Control Division and therefore we had no

jurisdiction in the prosecution of this cat

owner.” ~ Joanie Toole

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CHART 5 – Oakland County Animal Hoarding Cases (2012-2016)

Incident

Date

Incident

Location Source Description Classification

Actual

Leading

Agency

Status

10/02/15 Waterford Animal

Control

Health hazard in

home. Unsanitary.

17 animals seized.

Hoarding Waterfo

rd PD

Open. (Pending

payment)

09/28/15 Royal Oak Oakland

Press

More than 80 cats

seized from Royal

Oak house

Hoarding Royal

Oak PD

No ticket issued

05/02/12 Waterford Local 4 25 cats seized from

filthy home,

condemned, some

dead

Hoarding Waterfo

rd PD

and

Zoning

Arrested. Not

charged. No

penalty or

restrictions.

08/15/16 Ferndale WXYZ 7 Cat rescue

desperate for help

with veterinary

bills after rescuing

animals from

hoarder's house

Hoarding TBD No ticket issued

8/15/2013 Farmingto

n Hills

Puppy

Mill

Awaren

ess,

Local 4

57 dogs, birds, and

chickens living in

unsanitary and

overcrowded

conditions.

Hoarding OCAC Kennel open. 18

failed

inspections. No

ticket issued

OCAC should be leading animal-related investigations to ensure that charges are filed. This will

ensure that appropriate probation terms are in place that will prevent recidivism and provide

restitution to cover the seizure costs.

In 2015, OCAC threatened to kill approximately 40 cats who were seized from the Royal Oak

hoarding case if the already burdened animal rescue organizations did not step up to take the

animals.

[The Oakland Press]…Officials have said the cats will be euthanized if they

are not claimed within 10 days. Four of the cats rescued have already been

euthanized due to their advanced progression of ringworm. Another had

feline leukemia, official said.

“We want the best possible outcome for these cats,” Newman said. “We’re

doing everything we can. But if other organizations continue to refuse to

help us, we regrettably will have no choice but to put them to sleep.”

The intensive treatment regimen required for feline ringworm is taking its

toll on the department’s mostly part-time veterinary staff. The number of

the pets also put animal control over capacity.

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The couple living in the home are not likely to face animal cruelty charges

because the pets were found in good condition, according to Royal Oak

Police Lt. David Clemens.

http://www.theoaklandpress.com/20151001/nearly-half-of-cats-rescued-

from-royal-oak-hoarding-home-adopted

NOTE: ringworm is a treatable fungal infection of the skin. Medication can

be applied by any staff member or volunteer. Treatment solely by a

veterinarian is not required.

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Oakland County Hoarding – Forced to Compliance?

A problem kennel in Farmington Hills has failed at least 16 inspections. After a kennel worker

came forward in 2013 with photos and testimony of cruelty, the OCAC senior officers

recommended removal of the animals. Instead of pursuing cruelty charges, the director of

OCAC allowed the operator 10 days to address the violations. Over the next four years, OCAC

choose to monitor the kennel and force compliance.

2013 Chien d’Or Goldens, Farmington Hills, MI

Both senior officers recommended the kennel be closed and its license

revoked based on deplorable conditions, stating, “The animals are living in

squalor and the conditions are blatantly unacceptable.”

In 2013, Puppy Mill Awareness of Southeast Michigan mapped many violations to cruelty laws.

The Michigan Penal Code (750.50) addresses adequate care, such as providing veterinary care,

sanitary conditions, exercise, shelter, food, water, etc. Puppy Mill Awareness of Southeast

Michigan created a list of 12 items taken from the OCAC inspection report that appear to be

violating this law:

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1. “There was no water source available.”

2. “As we entered the basement, there was a numbing foul odor of ammonia that is

consistent with a large amount of urine.”

3. “The cages were too small and of inadequate size for the dogs.”

4. “The water buckets for each individual dog had water, but also included dirt, hair and

grime.”

5. “The dog also had hair loss on its tail end and what appeared to be open sores.”

6. “The floor and walls were covered in what appeared to be feces, mud, hair and wood

shavings.”

7. “Upon entering the main level, the conditions were abhorrent.”

8. “The bird cages appeared to have not been cleaned in quite some times as it was filled

with bird feces and did not contain an acceptable water source.”

9. “There was a cloud of flies.”

10. “Dirt and hair was caked on the wire fencing that was used to contain the dogs.”

11. There was no spot on the floors for the animals to lie down or sit without being in filth.”

12. Several of the dogs were itching and biting themselves nonstop, which is consistent with

a flea infestation.”

Concerns related to this case example in Farmington Hills include:

• Licensed veterinarians had not been utilized to examine the dogs during

inspections.

• Photos taken by OCAC show a build-up of filth and hair, indicating the

kennel was unsanitary and had not been cleaned in a long time.

• OCAC is not coordinating with or contacting local agencies.

• OCAC also claims that the kennel “cleans everything up,” but they often

have to come back several times before compliance is met. There is no

evidence that the kennel is compliant – no photos, no video.

• The Oakland County Corporate Council is advising OCAC, quoting laws

that do not exist. There is no law stating the kennel needs to be provided

10 days to become compliant. There is no law stating the dogs need to be

in immediate danger.

• OCAC claims the animals are fine and in good condition. They are basing

this on visual exams only.

Experts in the veterinary field would classify the Farmington Hills case as a “hoarding/

exploiting” situation because the kennel not only hoards dogs, but sells them as well. By

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repeatedly inspecting the property instead of taking more severe action, OCAC is forcing

compliance and allowing the animal welfare violations to continue.

2012 Waterford, Michigan

(photo credit: Waterford Zoning Department)

Only recently have mental health

workers and law enforcement officials

begun to understand animal hoarding,

which is now classified as a formal

disorder.

The Hoarding of Animals Research

Consortium (HARC) states that there is

almost 100% risk of relapse if all animals

are not removed from the hoarder and if

conditions are not made to prevent any

further ownership.

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Wildlife, Animal Warehouses & Exhibitors - Lack of Local Oversight

There is no local oversight of wildlife, animal shelters, commercial breeders, animal brokers,

research facilities, or animal exhibitors located in Oakland County. The Department of Natural

Resources responds to wildlife concerns; however, they only have two inspectors for this area

of the state. The Michigan Department of Agriculture and Rural Development (MDARD)

oversees shelters, but is not an enforcement agency. The USDA regulates commercial

operations, but is not an enforcement agency. Enforcement must come from local law

enforcement.

Department of Natural Resources (DNR)

• 368 wildlife complaints

• OCAC will respond only when a human has been bitten.

“Oakland County Animal Shelter and Pet Adoption Center does NOT

handle wildlife. We cannot mix wildlife with the domesticated animals

in our facility. We handle domesticated animals only – this includes

livestock, such as cows, chickens, and horses (although we do not have

the facilities to board them at the shelter). All wildlife complaints or

concerns should be directed to the Department of Natural Resources

(DNR) at (800) 292-7800 or visit michigandnr.com. “ – OCAC Website,

October 2016

Michigan Department of Agriculture and Rural Development

(Appendix E)

• Approximately 18 state-licensed shelters in Oakland County

USDA Commercial Operations

(Appendix F)

• 2 animal breeders. One with 68 hedgehogs and another with over

3,000 rabbits

• 1 international animal exchange broker

• 3 research facilities with 13-33 animals

• 10 animal exhibitors, including exotic zoos, petting farms, the Detroit

Zoo, exotic traveling shows, pony rides, and a bat conservation.

Sources: Dispatch Call Logs (203-2015), MARD Shelter Reports (2015), USDA, OCAC website.

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Dispatch Calls “Unanswered”?

There were 3,066 animal complaints called into the OCAC Dispatch Office -- 429 were classified

as animal cruelty complaints (143 per year), yet only 15 resulted in tickets. That means only 3%

of all cruelty calls result in a ticket. It is unclear if these calls were forwarded to a local agency,

assigned to an OCAC officer, or if no action was taken. As of October 2016, there are 10 full-

time and 3 part-time officers on staff. According to these numbers, each full-time officer is

writing an average of 1.5 tickets every three years.

Chart 6 – Dispatch Call Logs 2013 2014 2015 Total Net Change

Advise Dog Owner 2,372 2,361 2,236 6,969 (136)

Follow-up on Previous Call 2,300 2,190 1,704 6,194 (596)

Pick up Animal (stray, injured, dead) 1,652 1,372 1,355 4,379

Pick up of stray dog 964 122 116 1,202 (848)

Pick up of stray cat 153 746 721 1,620 568

Pick up animal in a trap 104 50 38 192 (66)

Pick up injured animal 121 104 156 381 35

Pick up dead animal 296 332 312 940 16

Pick up of stray dog 12 3 3 18 (9)

Pick up of stray animal 2 15 9 26 7

Patrol for Dog Running at Large 1,305 1,169 1,108 3,582 (197)

Bite Complaints 1,179 1,001 1,006 3,186 (173)

Animal Complaints 1,147 1,015 904 3,066 (243)

Citizen Complaint 549 569 613 1,731 64

Animal Cruelty 269 85 75 429 (194)

Animal Complaint 143 214 39 396 (104)

Livestock Complaint 50 47 45 142 (5)

Wildlife Complaint 136 100 132 368 (4)

Transport (animal, license, donation) 658 710 592 1,960 (66)

Transport animal to veterinarian 180 235 193 608 13

Transport Animal (Outreach Center) 91 73 48 212 (43)

Pick up or del. of dog lic to CVT or vet 270 261 234 765 (36)

Owner give-up of an animal 69 72 80 221 11

Pick up donation to shelter 48 69 37 154 (11)

Assist Police Department 105 133 172 410 67

Kennel Inspection 73 78 78 229 5

Barking Dog 3 3 4 10 1

Misc. 702 888 620 2,210 (82)

Misc. 324 451 239 1,014 (85)

Complex (1200 N Telegraph) 265 268 263 796 (2)

Gun Range 76 108 73 257 (3)

Court 35 60 39 134 4

Assist other Agency 1 - 6 7 5

Suspicious Circumstances 1 1 (1)

Motor Vehicle Fraud 1 1 -

11,496 10,920 9,779 32,195

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*yellow indicates significant change since 2013.

Questions for OCAC Management:

• There was significant decrease in “Follow-up on Previous Call.” Is this a reason for this?

• There was a significant increase in the number of dispatch calls to pick up stray cats, yet

a significant decrease in the number of dispatch calls to pick up stray dogs. Is there a

reason for this?

(Note: New director Robert Gatt as of 2013 provided video testimony regarding his

concerns of feral cats being a problem in the county. https://youtu.be/tl_KBxPkewo)

• There were only 26 bite complaints reported to the Health Department, yet there were

3,186 bite complaints included in this dispatch log. How accurate are these numbers?

• What was the primary nature of the dispatch calls to the Complex (1200 N. Telegraph)?

• What was the primary nature of the dispatch calls to the Court? Were these calls related

to court cases at the Circuit Court? Only seven cases were fully prosecuted, yet there are

134 dispatch calls classified as “Court.” There are no records at OCAC documenting time

spent at the court. What was the nature of these dispatch calls to the court? Did OCAC

assist other local agencies with animal-related cases?

• What was the nature of the dispatch calls to the gun range (257 total)?

• Are there managerial reports using these statistics? If so, how are these dispatch call

logs used to make staffing decisions or to find areas for improvement in our county?

• Are these numbers reviewed annually?

• Are these statistics shared with the County Commissioners or Public Services Committee?

28 of 37

Oakland County Animal Control (OCAC) – Animal Cruelty Cases

Recommendations

1. Institute a grievance process for the public to address issues with employees, volunteers,

and management.

2. Hire a qualified director and senior manager with minimum three years experience

working in animal welfare with and emphasis in animal cruelty prosecution.

3. Develop training programs and mandate annual training for all officers. Consider hosting

training seminars for police officers dedicated to responding to animal complaints in

their jurisdictions. Free instructors are available through The Humane Society of the

United States. More comprehensive training is offered through the NACHO academy

training program. http://www.nacanet.org/?page=NACA100

4. Develop written polices and procedures for dispatchers and patrol officers. Set up an

advisory board to assist. Collect and incorporate best practices.

5. Develop written contracts with the municipalities that are provided services outlining

specifically which services are provided or not provided.

6. Recommend the county prosecutor’s office dedicate staff to animal cruelty cases.

Wayne County’s Prosecutors office has an Animal Protection Unit.

7. Track cruelty case disposition status at the courts to ensure full prosecution and bench

warrants are pursued.

8. Track warrant request statuses.

9. Close loophole for dog kennels by requiring all dog kennels pass annual inspections,

rather than purchase individual licenses.

10. Implement a written kennel inspection process that prohibits a kennel from failing

repeat inspections and a checklist that is consistent with the state animal welfare laws

and kennel regulations.

11. Utilize national animal welfare organizations for animal seizures. The ASPCA and HSUS

have placement partner programs.

12. Take the lead in animal-related investigations to ensure that charges are filed. This will

ensure that appropriate probation terms are in place that will prevent recidivism and

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provide restitution to cover the seizure costs.

13. Respond to pet store complaints. Utilize the Michigan Department of Agriculture

(MDARD) to assist during inspections.

14. Expand cruelty investigations to include wildlife, animal shelters, commercial breeders,

animal brokers, research facilities, and animal exhibitors.

15. Promote best practices and training opportunities for local area rescues through the Pet

Fund Alliance’s Michigan Animal Rescue Certification Program.

http://www.michiganpetfund.org/rescue-certification/michigan-rescue-certification-

program/

16. Implement a placement partner program with local certified rescues.

17. Utilize licensed veterinarians to examine animals during inspections.

30 of 37

APPENDIX A – Other Cruelty Cases Covered by the Media (2013-2015)

Incident

Date

Incident

Location Source Media Headline Classification

Actual Leading

Agency

1 12/02/15 Milford Local 4, FOX 2 Milford woman accused of beating man,

dog with metal rod

Intentional

Torture

Milford PD

2 12/09/15 Hazel Park FOX 2 Reward offered for info on serial cat killer

in Hazel Park

Intentional

Torture

Hazel Park PD

3 05/04/15 Oak Park WXYZ 7,

Oakland Press

Man who tased mouse to death on viral

video could face charges

Intentional

Torture

Oak Park PD

4 06/02/15 Independ

ence Twp

Oakland Press Independence Township man charged in

wife’s death bound over to circuit court

Intentional

Torture

TBD

5 09/28/15 Royal Oak Oakland Press Nearly 80 cats seized from home in Royal

Oak.

Hoarding Royal Oak PD

6 03/03/15 Pontiac WXYZ 7 Puppy left out in freezing cold returned to

owner, outrage erupts on social media

Neglect OCAC

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Cases Outside Scope of Study (for reference only)

Incident

Date

Incident

Location Source Description Classification

Actual Leading

Agency

1 01/26/12 Waterford Local 4 Woman charged with animal cruelty after

10-month-old yellow Lab loses paw

Neglect Waterford Twp

PD

2 05/02/12 Waterford Local 4 Waterford Township woman with dozens

of cats will not be charged

Hoarding Waterford Twp

PD

3 09/10/12 Northville Local 4 Lucky duck: Animal with dart wounds

rescued in Northville

Intentional

Torture

TBD

4 03/04/13 <Lapeer> Local 4, WXYZ 7 Oakland County Sheriff's deputies

charged with animal cruelty

Lapeer County

Animal Control

5 01/11/16 Pontiac Oakland Press Sheriff: Arraignment expected soon for

suspects in dog-fighting raid

Intentional

Torture

Oakland County

Sheriff

6 Oct 2016 Madison

Heights

WXYZ 7 Oakland County Sheriff Deputy shoots

neighbors dog in his yard

Intentional

Torture

Oakland County

Sheriff

7 08/15/16 Ferndale WXYZ 7 Cat rescue desperate for help with

veterinary bills after rescuing animals

from hoarder's house

Hoarding FerndaleCatShelt

er.org. (TBD

Police & OCAC

involved?)

Note: In 2012 (Waterford) - Some neighbors also said they could often smell a foul odor coming from the home. FOX 2 is told

neighbors repeatedly called animal control and even township officials, but nothing has really been done.

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APPENDIX B – Service Areas

Oakland County Animal Control Service Areas

1. Addison

2. Auburn Hills

3. Brandon

4. Clarkston

5. Clawson

6. Commerce

7. Farmington Hills

8. Farmington*

9. Ferndale*

10. Groveland

11. Highland

12. Holly

13. Holly Village

14. Independence

15. Keego Harbor

16. Lake Angelus

17. Lake Orion

18. Leonard

19. Lyon

20. Milford

21. Milford Village

22. Novi

23. Oakland

24. Orchard Lake

25. Orion

26. Ortonville

27. Oxford

28. Oxford Village

29. Pleasant Ridge*

30. Pontiac

31. Rochester Hills

32. Rose

33. Royal Oak

Township

34. South Lyon

35. Springfield

36. Sylvan Lake

37. Troy

38. Walled Lake

39. Waterford

40. West Bloomfield

41. White Lake

42. Wixom

43. Wolverine Lake

*website needs to be updated

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No Contracts with Oakland County Communities Serviced

There are no written contracts for these 43 communities per OCAC (FOIA request dated

10/21/16). Contracts should be in place with each municipality serviced, outlining which

services are provided or not provided. It is unclear if these municipalities are paying for

services.

Questions for OCAC Management:

1. Will this have an impact on the budget process?

2. How is the department being funded?

3. Why are the other municipalities (18 total) not allowed to call for service?

4. Are there contracts for animal impounding services?

5. When were the last contracts issued? When did they expire?

34 of 37

APPENDIX C – Services Not Provided to These Communities

These areas are not serviced by Oakland County Animal Control:

1. Berkley City (Full-time AC)

2. Beverly Hills Village (Shared with Southfield Township)

3. Bingham Farms Village (Shared with Southfield Township)

4. Birmingham City (Shared with Southfield Township)

5. Bloomfield Hills City (No AC, use police officers)

6. Bloomfield Township (2 full-time AC)

7. Fenton (portions of the city OC)

8. Franklin Village (Shared with Southfield Township)

9. Hazel Park City (Part-time AC)

10. Huntington Woods City (No AC, use police officers)

11. Lathrup Village City (No AC, use police officers and Empire Animal Pick-up)

12. Madison Heights City (AC)

13. Northville City (No AC, use police officers)

14. Oak Park City (AC)

15. Rochester City (No AC, use Ordinance Officers and Police)

16. Royal Oak City (Share with Berkley)

17. Southfield City (Full-time Police Officer handles AC complaints)

18. Southfield Township (Full-time AC also covering Beverly Hills, Bingham Farms,

Birmingham, and Franklin)

The county website on 10/19/16 states: “If your city, village or township is not included

in the list, please contact your local office for assistance:

https://www.oakgov.com/petadoption/Pages/communities.aspx

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APPENDIX D – OCAC Services Provided

Animal Control

Enforcement of the Michigan State Dog Law is key to happy and healthy

pets within our community. The Oakland County Animal Control and Pet

Adoption Center patrols 40 municipalities with 10 full-time and 3 part-

time Animal Control Officers. Enforcing the Michigan State Dog Law, the

road unit handles over 10,000 calls per year. These calls range from:

Abuse and Neglect

Animal Bite Investigations

Dog Licenses

How to File a Complaint

Kennel Inspections

Wildlife – Only when involved in a human bite. See wildlife page for

information regarding removal service providers.

Other Services

Source: Oakland County Animal Shelter and Pet Adoption Center website

10/19/16

36 of 37

APPENDIX E – 2015 Oakland County Licensed Animal Shelters

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APPENDIX F – USDA-Regulated Facilities within Oakland County

Description Certificate Last Name Doing Business As Status City Name

EXHIBITOR 34-C-0117 ORGANIZATION FOR BAT CONSERVATION ACTIVE

BLOOMFIELD HILLS

EXHIBITOR 34-C-0397 ROBERT LONG LONG FAMILY ORCHARD & FARM ACTIVE

COMMERCE TOWNSHIP

INTERMEDIATE HANDLER 34-H-0020 GEORGE PAJOR ACTIVE FARMINGTON

EXHIBITOR 34-C-0404 GREEN ACRES ACTIVE HIGHLAND

EXHIBITOR 34-C-0415 CHRISTINA DUTTON TINAS PARTY PONIES ACTIVE ORION

EXHIBITOR 34-C-0131 ANDREW GEHRINGERRACHELLE GEHRINGER

PREMIER ANIMAL ATTRACTIONS ACTIVE ORTONVILLE

BREEDER 34-A-0194 ASHLEY ANN MARIE GANEY ETERNAL HEDGEHOGS ACTIVE OXFORD

BREEDER 34-A-0119 OAKWOOD RESEARCH FACILITY INC ACTIVE OXFORD

RESEARCH FACILITY 34-R-0038 OAKLAND UNIVERSITY ACTIVE ROCHESTER

EXHIBITOR 34-C-0071 SHERWOOD FOREST ACTIVE ROCHESTER

DEALER 34-B-0004 INTERNATIONAL ANIMAL EXCHANGE INC ACTIVE ROYAL OAK

EXHIBITOR 34-C-0276 DETROIT ZOOLOGICAL SOCIETY ACTIVE ROYAL OAK

RESEARCH FACILITY 34-R-0037 WILLIAM BEAUMONT HOSPITAL RESEARCH INSTITUTE ACTIVE ROYAL OAK

EXHIBITOR 34-C-0355 PINGREE FARMS L L C ACTIVE TROY

EXHIBITOR 34-C-0390 SCIENCE ALIVE ACTIVE WATERFORD

EXHIBITOR 34-C-0234 WATERFORD TOWNSHIP PARKS AND RECREATION HESS HATHAWAY PARK ACTIVE WATERFORD