oat and barley

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OAT AND BARLEY

Submitted by:14-Arid-205114-Arid-205514-Arid-205714-Arid-206214-Arid-206514-Arid-206714-Arid-2070

OAT• Cereal grain• Annual fodder• Temperate climate• Avena Sativa.• One of the most important sources of livestock and animal feed in

the world• Commonly fed to horses and ruminants due to its excellent

nutritional qualities that aid with maintaining optimal rumen and hindgut function.

• Rich in nutrients and essential minerals• One of the richest sources of protein compared to other feedstuffs.

OAT

• Rabbi fodder.• Uses: cereal, a feed grain, green or conserved

fodder• Whole-crop green oats may be grazed, cut and

carried, ensiled or made into hay.• In multicut varieties crop may be lightly grazed

before stem elongation allowing the crop to recover and grow further forage crop.

OAT Plant

• Grows to height of 1.2 m• Fibrous root system• Stem is erect, smooth and hollow• Leaves are linear, rough, green or bluish-gray• Leaf blades are 15-40 cm long• 0.6-1.5 cm broad

Nutrient Profile of OAT

• Moisture 82.8% • Dry Matter 17.2% • Crude Protein 13.5% • Crude Fiber 23%• NFE 47.3% • Fat (EE) 2.9% • Ash 13.3%

Conti..

• Grass tetany, and, in some cases, milk fever, can occur in cattle fed oats as the main forage.

• It is often seen in cows in late pregnancy or in the early stages of lactation.

• High producing cows are particularly susceptible, but dry cows and bulls are rarely affected.

• Prevention of this disease is through supplementation of the ration with magnesium oxide and limestone, the former mixed with grain.

Cont..

• Oat appears to accumulate more nitrates than other small-grain crops.

• Nitrate poisoning may occur if oat has been drought stressed, or damaged by hail or frost. The risk is increased if the soil is high in plant-available nitrogen.

• Rain after a drought can increase plant nitrogen uptake and the risk of nitrate poisoning during the next four to five days.

• During fermentation in the silo, 40 to 60 percent of the original nitrate can disappear, making ensiling the preservation method of choice when high nitrate levels are suspected. Supplementing the oat silage with grain at feed out will also decrease the chances of nitrate poisoning.

BARLEY• Hordeum sativum.• Rabbi fodder• Annual fodder• Temperate climate• Barley grass has greater nutritional value if harvested at a young age.• Barley is considered to be the first cereal grain cultivated by humans.• Cereal grain• High in fiber and protein• Balanced in protein, fat and energy• 95% energy as compared to maize fodder• Full of essential nutrients, minerals and vitamins• Rich in enzymes• Low acid content

Barley+

• Moisture 80.2%• Dry Matter 19.8%• Crude Protein 13.3%• Crude Fiber 21.9% • NFE 47.7• Fat (EE) 3.6%• Ash 13.5%

Classification:

• Kingdom: Plantae• Phylum: Angiosperm• Class: Monocots• Order: Poales• Family: Poacae• Genus: Hordeum• Species: H. Vulgare

Raw barley: (100g)

• CH20 = 77.7g• Fat = 1.2g• Protein = 9.9g• Vitamin A = 13 micro gram• Vit C = 20mg• Vit K = 2.2mg• Ca = 29mg• P = 22 mg

• leaves are 1.5–12.0 mm wide and up to 200 mm long

• Barley grass grows to about 450 mm in height.

• Barley may have bearded heads or be beardless. Bearded barley has a slender bristle about three inches long, called an "awn," attached to each seed. Beardless varieties are generally preferred for forage,

Planting barley• Grow and plant barley as you would wheat. Some varieties

are spring planted and some are fall planted. Barley ripens sooner than wheat; spring-planted barley ripens in 60 to 70 days, fall-planted barley about 60 days after spring growth begins.

Harvesting barley• Ripe barley is harvested the same as wheat: cut, bundled

and shocked to dry. Wear a shirt when harvesting barley as the awns can irritate your skin. Barley may be stored in the bundle and fed to stock without threshing.

• Barley grass contains a number of vitamins, including vitamins B1, B2, B6 and B12, folic acid and vitamins C and E. It also contains phosphorous, vitamin K and calcium.

• Each lb of barley fodder is equivalent nutritionally to 6.6 lbs of lucerne.

Hydroponic Culturing:

Feeding barley fodder offers these benefits to livestock:• Reduced occurrence of digestive diseases, such as

colic and bloat• Stimulated immune system• Naturally balanced with essential nutrients• High in fiber, energy and protein• Rich in enzymes• Low acid content• Highly digestible

Cont..

• The Holy Prophet (SAW) prescribed barley for seven different diseases.Hadith, Volume7, Book 71, Hadith No. # 593.

• 2007 ranking of cereal crops in world, Barley was ranked 4th in term of both quantity produced and area of cultivation.

ANY QUESTION!

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