ORGANIZATIONAL BEHAVIOUR

SUBMITTED BY : Shuchi GuptaMBA First Sem

OVERVIEW

ATTITUDE DEFINITION NATURE & DIMENSIONS OF ATTITUDE COMPONENTS OF ATTITUDE ABC MODEL FORMATION/ SOURCES OF ATTITUDES TYPES OF ATTITUDE FUNCTIONS OF ATTITUDE CHANGING ATTITUDE

ATTITUDE

Persistent tendency to feel and behave in a particular way towards some object.

Attitudes are evaluating statements either favorable or unfavorable concerning objects, people or events. They reflect how one feels something.

It may be positive or negative. Body posture; mental position with

regard to a fact or state, a feeling or emotion toward a fact or state; an state of readiness to respond in a characteristic way to a stimulus.

TYPES OF ATTITUDE

POSITIVE ATTITUDE :- Positive mental attitude is a psychological term which describes a mental phenomenon in which the central idea is that one can increase achievement through optimistic thought processes.

NEGATIVE ATTITUDE :-A negative attitude is characterized by a great disdain for everything. Someone who constantly points out the negative in everything.

THE NATURE AND DIMENSIONSOF ATTITUDES

Characteristics of Attitudes They are directed toward some object about which a

person has feelings and beliefs. They can fall anywhere from very favorable to very

unfavorable. They tend to persist unless something is done to change

them. It tends to result in behavior or action. All people irrespective of their status and intelligence hold

attitudes. It is a psychological phenomenon which cannot be directly

observed.

COMPONENTS OF ATTITUDE/ ABC Model

Informational/Cognitive

(i.e. beliefs)

Affective(i.e. emotions)

Attitude Behavior

COMPONENTS OF ATTITUDES

Attitudes structure can be described in terms of three components.

Affective component: this involves a person’s feelings / emotions about the attitude object. For example: “I am scared of spiders”.

Behavioral component: the way the attitude we have influences how we act or behave. For example: “I will avoid spiders and scream if I see one”.

Cognitive component: this involves a person’s belief / knowledge about an attitude object. For example: “I believe spiders are dangerous”.

Formation/ Sources of Attitude

DIFFERENT ATTITUDE’S OF A PERSON

TYPES OF ATTITUDES

Job Satisfaction A collection of positive and or negative feelings that

an individual holds toward his or her job. Job Involvement Identifying with the job, actively participating in it,

and considering performance important to self-worth.

Organizational Commitment Identifying with a particular organization and its

goals, and wishing to maintain membership in the organization.

FUNCTIONS OF ATTITUDE

According to Katz, attitudes serve four important functions from the viewpoint of organizational behavior.

The Adjustment Function. Well-treated employees tend to develop a positive attitude towards their job, management and the organization in general while berated and ill treated organizational members develop a negative attitude. In other words, attitudes help employees adjust to their environment and form a basis for future behavior.

Ego-Defensive Function. When a young faculty member who is full of fresh ideas and enthusiasm, joins the organization, the older members might feel somewhat threatened by him. But they tend to disapprove his creative ideas as ‘crazy’ and ‘impractical’ and dismiss him altogether.

The Value-Expressive Function. Attitudes provide individuals with a basis for expressing their values. For example, a manager who values hard and sincere work will be more vocal against an employee who is having a very casual approach towards work.

The Knowledge Function. Attitudes provide standards and frames of reference that allow people to understand, and perceive the world around him. If one has a strong negative attitude towards the management, whatever the management does, even employee welfare programs can be perceived as something ‘bad’ and as actually against them.

CHANGING ATTITUDES

Employees’ attitudes can be changed and sometimes it is in the best interests of managements to try to do so. For example, if employees believe that their employer does not look after their welfare, the management should try to change their attitude and help develop a more positive attitude in them.

However, the process of changing the attitude is not always easy. There are some barriers which have to be overcome if one strives to change somebody’s attitude. There are two major categories of barriers that come in the way of changing attitudes:

SOME OF THE POSSIBLE WAYS OF CHANGING ATTITUDES

Providing New Information Use of Fear Resolving Discrepancies Reward System Influence of friends and peers Co-opting

THANK YOU…

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