OBESITY

• Characterized by having excess adipose tissue• BMI = ( Weight in Pounds / ( Height in inches x Height in inches ) ) x 703

• Over 1/3 Americans are obese.• Healthcare costs is approximately $150 billion

each year!!

CAUSES OF OBESITY:

• Excessive caloric intake• Lack of physical activity• Medical reasons (or prescription meds)• Genetics• Sedentary lifestyle• Technology

PROBLEMS WITH OBESITY:

• Hypertension

• Type 2 Diabetes• Heart Failure • Coronary Heart

Disease• Stroke• Arthritis

• Sleep Apnea• Respiratory

Problems• Gallstones• High cholesterol• Some cancers

(endometrial, breast, colon)

TREATMENT OF OBESITY:

• Dietary changes

• Increase in exercise and activity

• Behavioral change

• Weight loss surgery

BLOOD PRESSURE • Force of blood pressing against the walls of your

arteries; if too high, it raises the heart's workload and can cause serious damage to the arteries.

• SYSTOLIC – The top number which shows the pressure when your heart beats.

• DIASTOLIC – The lower number which measures pressure at rest between heartbeats, when the heart refills with blood.

• Under 120 / 80 (some are now recommending 115/75)• High Blood Pressure – HYPERTENSION

HYPERTENSION• Increases the risk of heart

disease, stroke, kidney disease

• Called a silent killer because it may have no outward symptoms for years.

• Nearly 1 in 3 Americans suffer from it• 1 in 5 people with the

condition don't know they have it but it quietly damages the heart, lungs, brain, etc. if left untreated.

• Risk Factors: – Age– Family History– Overweight / Obesity– Alcohol Consumption – Lack of physical

activity – Tobacco Use– Salt Consumption– Stress Levels

BLOOD PRESSURE RANGES

CHOLESTEROL

• Waxy, fat-like substance made in the liver and other cells and found in certain foods

• The body needs some in order to function properly -- to produce hormones, vitamin D, and the bile acids that help to digest fat.

• When too much— plaque forms in the body's arteries narrowing the space for blood to flow to the heart.– Atherosclerosis (hardening of the arteries) – Heart attack

CHOLESTEROL

• Low density lipoproteins (LDL): LDL– Bad cholesterol– The more LDL there is in the blood, the greater the

risk of heart disease.• High density lipoproteins (HDL): HDL– Good cholesterol– Helps the body get rid of bad cholesterol in the

blood. – The higher the level of HDL cholesterol, the better.

CHOLESTEROL• FACTORS – DIET (Saturated

& Cholesterol)– WEIGHT– EXERCISE– AGE– DIABETES– HEREDITY– OTHER CAUSES

(Medications, conditions, etc. )

• TESTING: – Measured at least once

every five years.• Doctors recommend that total

cholesterol stay below 200.