obis and bbnj
TRANSCRIPT
Ocean Biogeographic Information System
and BBNJ
Photo credits Molly Timmers - NOAA [email protected]
International OceanographicData and Information Exchange
46,000,000 species observations4,600,000 sampling events3,200,000 sampling stations117,000 marine species
1,900 databases in 1 central global database
500 data providers, 56 countries
1,000 papers have cited OBIS
(9)
(4)
Some Statistics
Census of Marine Life2000 - 2010OBIS was established as the data repository and information dissemination system for
CoML
OBIS @ UNESCO-IOC
In June 2009, the 25th Session of the IOC Assembly decided through Resolution XXV-4 to adopt OBIS as part of IODE, because:
Knowledge of the ocean's biodiversity is of such importance to national and global environmental issues that the responsibility for its continuing success should be assumed by governments.
IntergovernmentalOceanographic CommissionEstablished in 1960
148 Member States
UN focal point for ocean science, ocean observations and services, data and information exchange and capacity building
Strong scientific understanding and systematic observations of the changing world ocean climate and ecosystems shall underpin sustainable development and global governance for a healthy ocean, and global, regional and national management of risks and opportunities
from the ocean.
IODE since 1961IODE VISIONa comprehensive and integrated ocean data and information system, serving the broad and diverse needs of IOC Member States, for both routine and scientific use
Office in Flanders (Belgium) since 2005
OceanTeacherOceanDataPortalOceanDataPracticesOceanExpertOceanDocsOBISHAEDATICANGOSUDGTSPPGODARQMFWOD…
IODE DATA CENTERS
IODE
-Pro
ject
s
IODE OBJECTIVESpromotion of discovery and exchange of marine data; long term archiving, best practices, international standards, capacity building, and supporting international marine scientific research programs
Overall goalsOBIS has a mandate under the United Nations (UNESCO-IOC), to contribute to the protection of marine ecosystems by assisting in identifying marine biodiversity hotspots and large-scale ecological patterns, in all ocean basins.
Setting a baseline for marine biodiversity assessment and monitoring
Build and maintain a global alliance that collaborates with scientific communities to facilitate free and open access to, and application of, biodiversity and biogeographic data and information on marine life.
DATA PROVIDING INSTITUTIONS OBIS NODES
IOC Committee for IODE
IOC Assembly
UNESCO General Conference
IODE Steering Group for OBIS
OBIS node managersOBIS task teams
OBIS Governance Structure
workplan
SG-OBIS Meetings are held annually
System Architecture
DP DP DPDP DP DP
EurOBISThematicMEDO
BIS
SEAMAP
iOBIS
USASEAOBISNational/
regional
DP
WEB PORTALMapper
Data download
OGC WMSWFS webservice
REST API
harvesting
integration & QC
PRODUCTS/STATISTICS
QA/QC
SQL data access
The international OBIS secretariat provides training and technical assistance, guides new standards and technical developments, and encourages international cooperation
Growth of data in OBIS
COML
IOC
Within EEZ
Within ABNJ7.5M records78K species, 14.5K exclusively
Major taxonomic groups
Around 1.2 million records annually since 1990s, 1 million within EEZ and 200K in ABNJ
Sampling effort per depth volume
Appeltans W., Dujardin F., Flavell M., Miloslavich P., Webb T. (2015). Biodiversity Baselines in the Global Ocean. In: Fischer A. et al (Eds). Open Ocean Technical Assessment Report for the GEF Transboundary Water Assessment Programme (TWAP). UNEP, IOC-UNESCO. In press.
±99% of ocean volume is still undersampled
(<100 sampling days, <713 records, <13 species per 10,000 km3)
Nr of records through time (latitude)
Global monitoring since 1950
Progressively increased in the Southern Hemisphere
Appeltans W., Dujardin F., Flavell M., Miloslavich P., Webb T. (2015). Biodiversity Baselines in the Global Ocean. In: Fischer A. et al (Eds). Open Ocean Technical Assessment Report for the GEF Transboundary Water Assessment Programme (TWAP). UNEP, IOC-UNESCO. In press.
Nr of records through time (distance from nearest land)
Appeltans W., Dujardin F., Flavell M., Miloslavich P., Webb T. (2015). Biodiversity Baselines in the Global Ocean. In: Fischer A. et al (Eds). Open Ocean Technical Assessment Report for the GEF Transboundary Water Assessment Programme (TWAP). UNEP, IOC-UNESCO. In press.
Nr of records through time
(sampling depth)
Appeltans W., Dujardin F., Flavell M., Miloslavich P., Webb T. (2015). Biodiversity Baselines in the Global Ocean. In: Fischer A. et al (Eds). Open Ocean Technical Assessment Report for the GEF Transboundary Water Assessment Programme (TWAP). UNEP, IOC-UNESCO. In press.
OPPORTUNITIES• Growing demand for data/information products
robust for ocean health and risk assessments
• WoA/IPCC/CBD all recognize critical requirement for enhanced and sustained observation of the global ocean
• Critical that we improve the way in which observation data is managed and made available
A data clearing-house and sharing facility
Data curation services
harvesting
integration & QC
API
DBserver
A data clearing-house and sharing facility
www.iobis.org
Within EEZ
Within ABNJ7.5M records78K species, 14.5K exclusively
A data clearing-house and sharing facility
robis spenv
Open-source data analysis pipelines
Sea-Surface Temperature
400,000 hexacoral records
Species temperature envelope
IPCC scenario r8.5
Predicted loss of hexacoral species by 2059
UNPUBLISHED MAP DO NOT QUOTE
Sampling more data than just species occurrence
Core sample from a Van Veen grab
Water sample from a Niskin bottle plankton net with CTD
Video plankton recorder
OTN tags
Hussey et al. (2015) Aquatic animal telemetry: a panoramic window into the underwater world. Science
Integrating telemetry with other biological measures
Hussey et al. (2015) Aquatic animal telemetry: a panoramic window into the underwater world. Science
Animal Telemetry Network
XXIII session of the IOC Committee for IODE, March 2015
Recommendation IODE-XXIII.4ESTABLISHMENT OF THE IODE PILOT PROJECT EXPANDING
OBIS WITH ENVIRONMENTAL DATA (OBIS-ENV-DATA)
OBIS-ENV-DATA1st workshop October 2015
OBIS-ENV-DATA involves 11 institutions from 10 countries in North-America, South-America, Europe, Africa and Oceania.
In collaboration with
14 pilot datasets
Event 1
Event 1.1
Event 1.1.1
MoFA1
MoFB1
Occ1
Occ2
Occ3
MoFB2
MoFB3
OBIS-ENV-DATA
EVENT HIERARCHY makes it possible to record differences in sampling time, location, and
depth while still grouping these samples together to the same station visit
MoFA2
UN WorldOceanAssessment
RFBsVME
EBSA
EBVMBONsBon in a Box
eEOVGOOS OBSDeepsea
Assessment
Indicators
Supporting International Processes
The 1st Global HAB Status Report
From Dunn et al. 2011
OBIS contributions to the CBD EBSA process
Biological Diversity all taxaWider Caribbean and Western Mid-Atlantic workshop, Recife,
Brazil, February 2012
Proposed site meeting EBSA criteria: Abrolhos Bank & Vitoria-Trindade ChainDescribed in-part due to high regional biodiversity
as depicted using OBIS data.
Disclaimer: This is an information ONLY for the presentation. Some information on the map is yet to be finalized. This is NOT for QUOTATION or Distribution.
Areas meeting CBD Scientific Criteria for Ecologically or Biologically Significant Marine Areas (EBSAs,
annex 1 to decision IX/20) : areas in ABNJ
Clarion-Clipperton Fracture Zone
Clarion-Clipperton Fracture Zone
OBIS Deep Sea Node• In collaboration with INDEEP, the international network for the
scientific investigation of deep-sea ecosystems: www.indeep-project.org, and the World Register of Deep-Sea Species
• International OBIS-INDEEP Workshop/Training, October, Belgium
Connecting People
Malaysia
KenyaSouth Africa
Colombia
VenezuelaUSA
Indonesia
Malaysia
Tanzania
Data cleaningData formattingData publicationData accessData visualisationData analysis
Argentina
MexicoUkraine
IOC Ocean Teacher Regional Training Centreswww.oceanteacher.org
“To ensure equitable participation of all States
in global initiatives”
Assessing the STATE: +50 responses
http://dev.iobis.org/goos/
Proposed Biological EOVs: functional groupsPhenomenon of interest EOV Subvariables /Supporting/
Status of phytoplankton Phytoplankton biomass and productivity
Biomass/abundance (chlorophyll-a, HPLC pigments, cell count); primary productivity; carbon/chlorophyll, succession
Harmful Algal Blooms (HABs) HAB incidence Toxicity
Status of zooplankton Zooplankton diversity DiversityBiomass, Abundance, grazing, phenology
Fish status Fish abundance and distribution DiversityAbundance, biomass, catch, functional traits
Status of apex predators AP abundance and distribution DiversityVital rates, diet, behaviour
(*) Microbes recognized: biodiversity, pathogens …
Proposed Biological EOVs: ecosystemsPhenomenon of interest EOV Subvariables /
Supporting variables
Coral reef health Live coral cover Herbivorous fish abundance, coral disease, % bleached, coral form abundance (massives, plate, branching etc), light penetration
Seagrass health Seagrass cover Seagrass shoot density, seagrass shoot length, algal abundance, seagrass disease, grazer abundance
Mangrove health Mangrove cover Species, stem density, DBH, canopy height, leaf production rate
Macroalgal forest health Canopy cover Productivity, recruitment and mortality, cover of turf-forming and encrusting coralline algae, grazer abundance
NEW OBIS DATA DISCOVERY PORTAL (UNDER DEVELOPMENT)
TAKE HOME MESSAGES • OBIS provides a global data sharing platform and data/information clearing house mechanism for
marine biodiversity in all ocean basins, including ABNJ• OBIS promotes international cooperation, provides equitable access to data and benefits globally,
enhances scientific understanding and knowledge generation and provides important baselines for marine biodiversity monitoring and assessment
• OBIS holds data from non commercial, non-target fishing species, which allows an holistic (ecosystem) approach to measure impacts of activities in ABNJ.
• OBIS provides training in best practice methods for data collection, management, analysis and reporting.
• OBIS is linked to several international processes, such as CBD‘s Ecologically or Biologically Significant Areas (EBSA), CBD’s Sustainable Ocean Initiative (SOI), FAO’s Vulnerable Marine Ecosystems, the Biodiversity Observation Network of GEO, is a core component of GEOSS, is an affiliate of GBIF, and provided baseline data for ocean assessments, such as the UN World Ocean Assessment, GEF’s transboundary water assessment, and is listed as a key data source by IPBES
• OBIS is appreciated for its contribution to MSR by the UNGA (A/RES/70• OBIS supports the access and benefit sharing regime in BBNJ (data repatriation, non-monetary value
and indirect monetary value (economic growth, scientific reputation, costs of not sharing data and knowledge?)
TAKE HOME MESSAGES IOC Statutes,Art 3c: Functions of IOC-UNESCO:
- respond, as a competent international organization, to the requirements deriving from the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS), the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development (UNCED), and other international instruments relevant to marine scientific research, related services and capacity-building
Published by UNESCO in 2005IOC Advisory Body of Experts of the Law
of the Sea (IOC/ABE-LOS), endorsed by IOC Resolution XXII-12 (2003)
Criteria: Transfer of marine technology should enable all parties concerned to benefit on an equitable basis from developments in marine science related activities — in particular, those aiming at stimulating the social and economic contexts in developing States.
Guidelines for implementation: As a competent international organization for promoting and facilitating transfer of marine technology, IOC, in consultation with relevant international, governmental and non-governmental organizations, and other partners should establish and co-ordinate a clearinghouse mechanism for the transfer of marine technology.
OBIS 2.0 developments
github.com/iobis/api-docs
github.com/iobis/robis
github.com/iobis/pyobis
github.com/iobis/training