Objective 8.02

US History

Machine gun Rapid fire weapon capable of firing 600 rounds a minute

Airships and airplanes Used to transport goods Used in air battles or “dogfights” Planes could also carry and drop bombs on targets

Tanks Heavy armor could travel through barbed wire Powerful; shots could destroy buildings

Poison Gas (Mustard Gas)- because of its color Used to blind, sicken and suffocate victims Result was gas masks became part of standard equipment

Anti-aircraft gun Used to shoot down planes

New Technology

*Due to new weapons, new strategies will be used in fighting World War I

 “Dogfights”

Planes became very important in controlling the skies and bombing targets

Trench WarfareSee map on pg. 582“No man’s land-“ area between trenches filled with

bombs and barbed wireTrenches were dirty and nasty- no protection from

cold or disease (trench foot)“Over the top-“ Soldiers jump over trench wall and

charge across No Man’s Land

New Strategies

Trenches

 *When US enters in 1917, Russia had dropped out*

 Russia

1917 had successful Bolshevik Revolution led by Vladimir Lenin

Lead to set up of Communism in RussiaResult in Russia withdrawing from World War IFear of losing war due to lack of Russian army

Russian (Bolshevik) Revolution

Russian Revolution Pics

Czar Nicholas

Vladimir Lenin

Rasputin

8

Causes

Britain blockaded Germany.No military supplies were to enter

– later included food.American merchants did not fight

blockadeGermans begin to starve. Germans use U-Boats

(Unterseeboot) to combat blockade.

Unrestricted Submarine WarfareNo Warning

9

Sinking of the Lusitania Submarine sank British liner off the coast of

Ireland. 1,198 people died – 128 AmericansGermans stated the liner was carrying

ammunition. Americans angered

Two more ships would be sunk by German ships against American ProtestArabic and SussexGerman Promise of not attacking passenger

ships is broken many times.

10

Last Straw Wilson attempted to mediate the war after

1916 election.“Peace without victory”

Unrestricted Submarine Warfare.All ships in British Waters will be sunk.

British Agents intercepted Zimmermann Note.German Ambassador attempted to convince

Mexico to attack us from the south. Germany would support Mexico in reclaiming

Texas – should war break out with U.S.

US enters and helps turn the tide of war US fights many battles that push Germans out

of FranceBattle of Marne- turning point of the war and

an Allied victoryNovember 1918 both Austria-Hungary and

Germany will surrenderNovember an armistice or cease-fire agreement

is signed

US Impact

22 million died- half of them civilians20 million more wounded10 million refugees- left without a home US lost 48,000 men in battle and another

62,000 from diseaseAdditional 200,000 wounded or emotional

shock (Shell shock) Cost to US- $338 billion (mainly loans to

other countries and equipment costs)Cost countries like Germany and France much

more due to destruction of buildings and towns

Costs of World War I