8 unit 1

1.1 Fashion matters

3 Work in pairs. Each student chooses a pair of photos,for example, 1a and 1b. Take it in turns to describewhat each person is wearing and say somethingabout their appearance.

1 What sort of clothes do you prefer to wear? Do youever have to wear things you don’t really like? If so,why? Talk with a partner.

2 In pairs, describe what people in the class arewearing today. Then list topic vocabulary underthese headings, adding to the words given.

Clothes: suit, sweatshirt, .................................................................

Footwear: (flat/high-)heeled shoes, .....................................

Jewellery: bracelet, pendant, .........................................................

Headgear: beret, helmet, ...................................................................

Materials: woollen, leather, .............................................................

Hairstyle: curly, spiky, .........................................................................

Appearance: stylish, smart, ...........................................................

4 In the same pairs, compare the two people in yourpair of photos. Talk about their age, their clothes,their hair, or even imagine their personality! Theseexamples may help you.

The one on the left is younger than the one on the right.This girl’s clothes are not as stylish as the other one’s.He/She has longer hair than the other one.This man seems to be less serious than the man in thesuit.

5 As a class, summarise what you said about thepeople.

Vocabulary spotList topic vocabulary in sets like these, using headings to helpyou learn the words and their meanings.

Exam spotIn Part 2 of Paper 5, each candidate is given a pair of photos to talk about on their own. The task will involve comparing andcontrasting the two photos, rather than just describing eachone.

1a

1b

Speaker 2

Speaker 3

Speaker 4

Speaker 5

Listening

6 N You are now going to hear some shortrecordings, where five of the people in the photostalk about what they like to wear. Say who isspeaking in each case.

Here is an example: Speaker 1 is the man inphoto 3b. Look at the photo of him as you listen.

In this transcript of what Speaker 1 says, somewords and phrases are highlighted. This is to showthat parts of an exam recording may make youthink that other answers are possible. This is whyyou must listen carefully and check when you listena second time.

I’m not a suit man – even for work, I can get awaywith casual stuff, though I still like my clothes to looksmart. I love shopping – my favourite place is PaulSmith in Covent Garden. I bought a really nicewoollen shirt there recently. Clothes are important tome, but they need to be comfortable as well as stylish.

7 NNow listen to the other four speakers and matchthe correct photo to each speaker. Note down anywords and phrases that help you to decide. Compareyour answers with another student when you havefinished.

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fashion matters 9

Vocabulary

In the recordings, there are several examples ofphrasal verbs. For example, Speaker 1 says:

… even for work, I can get away with casual stuff.

Phrasal verbs are used a lot in informal English.

8 N Listen to Speakers 2–5 again and list the nine phrasal verbs you hear. Then match them to these short definitions.

a be seen very clearlyb join or combine thingsc returnd wear smarter clothes than usuale keep money for something specialf reduceg get dressed in something h go somewhere for entertainmenti know the most recent facts about

something

4a

9 Now choose six of the phrasal verbs to completethis letter, using each of them once only.

What advice would you give the writer? Discuss in pairs.

2a

2b 3a

4b

Dear Jayne

Last night, Maria, Sally and I (1) ............................... ............................... clubbing.Because I was late back from work,I quickly (2) ............................... ...............................

that black skirt of mine and a T-shirt, but the other two really (3) ............................... ............................... ! Mariachose a beautiful purple dress andsprayed her hair gold. Sally (4) ............................... ............................... the most outrageous outfit — red leathershorts, a bright green top and high-heeled, knee-length boots with starson. When we got there, they both (5) ............................... ............................... on thedance floor and I looked veryordinary in comparison.

Honestly, I can’t (6) ...............................

............................... ............................... them —they’re so fashion-conscious. Whatwould you do in my position?

3b

Corpus spotMany phrasal verbs contain irregular verbs.Be careful with past tense forms – theCambridge Learner Corpus shows FCEcandidates often make mistakes with these.

I took off my coat and sat down.NOT I taked off my coat and sat down.

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10 unit 1

1.2

Comparison1 Read this short text

about the fashionindustry. Do youagree with itsviewpoint?

Why is it that fashion houses design theirclothes for the youngest and skinniest menand women? We may not actually want tolook like supermodels, but it is a fact thatthe most emaciated figures have dominatedthe world’s catwalks for a very long time. Itseems it is not in the interests of thefashion industry to represent an ‘average’person. Although ‘slimmer’ may not alwaysmean ‘more desirable’ in the real world,fashion succeeds because it carries with itthat image of the least attainable figure.

2 Think about these comparison structures.

-er than more … than the most …the -est less … than the least …

● Why do we say younger than but less serious than;and the youngest but the most emaciated?

● Which common adjectives can we either add -er/-est to or use more/most with?

● What are the spelling rules for forming thecomparative and superlative of words like slimand skinny?

Check the Grammar folder whenever you see this:

> page 198G

4 Now complete the following sentences by using one ofthe adjectives in exercise 3, choosing either thecomparative or the superlative form.

a There’s no way you can fit into my shoes – you take a ............................................... size than I do!

b Jake wears ............................................... clothes of any of us –take his pink and purple ties, for example!

c Don’t dress up for the club tonight – everyone’slooking ............................................... there nowadays.

d You can’t put those jeans on again – they’re............................................... pair I’ve ever seen!

e I’m a bit worried about Sally. She doesn’t eat a thingand so she’s getting ............................................... than ever.

f Australia is ............................................... place I’ve ever travelled to.

g Have you painted this room recently? Everything’slooking a lot ............................................... than before.

h Market stalls often offer slightly ...............................................value for money than shops.

rammar extraNote the use of a lot and slightly in sentences g and h. These are adverbs ofdegree, which are commonly used with comparative adjectives. Someadverbs of degree are also used with superlative adjectives, as in thisexample:

Kate Moss is by far the most famous model of the 1990s.

Put these adverbs of degree into the following sentences. Which onecan be used with both comparative and superlative adjectives?

a This ring is only ...................... more expensive and it’s ......................nicer than the others.

b Tracksuits may be ...................... warmer, but shorts are ......................the best for running in, whatever the weather.

> page 198G

G

a bit a great deal much

Corpus spotCorrect the mistakes that FCE candidates have made withcomparatives in these sentences.a What are the better clothes to wear at the camp?b He is famouser than all the others in the film.c You look more tired and thiner.d I would like to buy a much more better one.e It’s now more easy to get there.f This is even worser than before.

3 Give the comparative and superlative forms ofthese adjectives.

bright brighter the brightestlarge ................................... ...................................

thin ................................... ...................................

dirty ................................... ...................................

casual ................................... ...................................

outrageous more/less outrageous ...................................

good ................................... the bestbad worse ...................................

far ................................... ...................................

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fashion matters 11

5 not as … as / not so … as

You used this structure to compare the people inthe photos in the last lesson. Now compare thesephotos of cars in the same way, choosing suitableadjectives from the ones below to describe them.

EXAMPLE: The Beetle is not as fast as the Ferrari.

Comparison of adverbs

6 Identify the comparative adverbs in this shortnewspaper article and then explain how they areformed.

> page 198G

Androgenous clothing design isa familiar idea nowadays,although it is perhaps the term‘unisex’ that is more commonlyused by the fashion industry.Traditional dress restrictions for men and women arebecoming blurred, largelybecause gender roles in today’ssociety are defined less strictlythan they were.

With menswear designer LeeCopperwheat, Pam Blundell

produces the CopperwheatBlundell label. She says, ‘Idesign trousers for women and Lee will re-cut them formen. We have even starteddoing unisex pieces, such astrousers and raincoats, in sixdifferent sizes to fit everybody.’Many other designers work inthis way, with the result thatsimilar lines for men andwomen are now much morereadily available.

7 Now practise using all these comparison structures.Complete the second sentence so that it has a similarmeaning to the first sentence, using the word given.Do not change the word given. You must usebetween two and five words including the wordgiven. There is an example at the beginning (0).

0 Mary is shorter than her brother.notMary is ............................................................... her brother.

1 These sunglasses cost a bit less than my last pair.wereThese sunglasses ............................................................................than my last pair.

2 Coco Chanel was an extremely talented designer.mostCoco Chanel was one of .........................................................

.............................................................. in the world.

3 That supermodel is only 17 – I thought she wasolder.asThat supermodel is not ...........................................................I thought.

4 It takes much less time to travel by train than by car.lotTravelling by train ........................................................................travelling by car.

5 This jewellery shop is the cheapest one I’vefound.expensiveThis jewellery shop is .................................................................

all the ones I’ve found.

6 Suzanne’s host at the dinner party wasn’t aselegantly dressed as she was.moreAt the dinner party, Suzanne was far ....................................................................................................... her host.

7 I preferred you with curlier hair.straightI preferred your hair when it wasn’t........................................................................... is now.

8 John wears smarter clothes now he has agirlfriend.lessJohn dressed .....................................................................................he didn’t have a girlfriend.

not as tall as

What do you feel about these sorts of clothes? Doyou think that unisex clothing will still be infashion in five years’ time? Why?/Why not?

comfortable elegant fast practical sexy

BOY MEETS GIRL

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12 exam folder 1

Exam folder 1

Paper 3 Part 4 Key word transformations

ANSWER:I’ve never had a ..................................................................................................................... one.

1 mark + 1 mark

Write only the missing words IN CAPITAL LETTERS on the separateanswer sheet.

2 Think about what is important in this exam task. What advicewould you give another student about answering Part 4 in theexam?

3 Now read the advice given in the bullet points.

more exciting holiday than this

1 Read the Part 4 exam instructions below and then look at theexample (0).

Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to thefirst sentence, using the word given. Do not change the word given.You must use between two and five words, including the word given.

Here is an example (0).0 This is the most exciting holiday I’ve ever had. < First sentence

exciting < key word – this never changes

I’ve never had a ............................................................................................................ one.

The second sentence must mean the same as the first when it iscomplete.

The gap can be filled by the words ‘more exciting holiday than this’, soyou write:

In this part of the Use of English paper you are tested on bothgrammar and vocabulary. There are eight questions and an exampleat the beginning. You can get up to two marks for each question.

0 M O R E E X C I T I N G H O L I D A Y T H A N T H I S

Advice

● Read the first sentence carefully.● Think about how the key word

given is commonly used.● Complete the gap with a possible

answer. You can use the questionpaper for rough answers.

● Count the number of words youhave used in the gap. You mustuse not less than two and notmore than five, including theword in bold. Note that acontracted form such as ‘don’t’counts as two words.

● Read the completed secondsentence to check it means thesame as the first.

● Ask yourself whether the wordsin the gap fit the sentencegrammatically.

● Transfer your answer (just thewords in the gap) to the answersheet.

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exam folder 1 13

4 Complete these transformations, using exactly the number of words in brackets(this includes the word given). There is an example at the beginning (0).

0 Have you got a brooch that is cheaper than this one?less (4)Have you got ......................................................................................... than this one?

1 ‘A club has just opened in Leeds,’ said Maria to Sally.told (5)Maria ............................................................................................................. club in Leeds.

2 I returned the dress to the shop because it was badly made.took (3)Because the dress was badly made, I .............................................................................................................to the shop.

3 Some shops try really hard to help you.effort (3)Some shops really ............................................................................................................. to help you.

4 Fifty years ago, cars were slower than they are nowadays.as (5)Fifty years ago, cars ............................................................................................................. they arenowadays.

5 People wear casual clothes where I work.up (4)People ............................................................................................................. where I work.

6 It’s a lot easier to learn a language by visiting the country where it’s spoken.much (4)You can learn a language ............................................................................................................. you visitthe country where it’s spoken.

7 Peter Høeg writes the best novels in Danish today.far (4)Peter Høeg is by ............................................................................................................. of Danish novelstoday.

8 The stall didn’t sell much jewellery because of its high prices.highly (3)The jewellery on the stall was so ............................................................................................................. notmuch was sold.

a less expensive brooch

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