OBJECTIVE

□ SWBAT: Describe the parts of an atom and explain why chemistry is important in understanding biology

1. Imagine your body was chopped up into many pieces and put into a blender to separate all the elements. (WEIRD!) Guess which 4 elements you would find the most of?

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CATALYST

CATALYST Use the graph below to answer the following questions

a. Which 4 elements are the most common in the human body?

b. Which 2 elements compose a little over 25% of the body?

c. Why do you think there is a lot of oxygen and hydrogen in the human body?

Carbon (C), Hydrogen (H), Oxygen (O), & Nitrogen (N)

make up over 96% of the mass of a human body!!!

PIE CHART

• What are living things made up of?

• What are cells made up of?

• What are cell parts made up of?

• What are chemicals made up of?

EVERYTHING… whether it is a rock, frog, flower, or the air – is

made of substances called elements.

Elements

Guess how many elements have been discovered?

117(a few are manmade)

Everything (all living and nonliving things) are made of elements.

An element is a substance that cannot be broken down into simpler chemical substances.

What are elements made of?

Atoms

Protons (p+)

Neutrons (n0)

Electrons (e-)

Parts of an Atom

More Notes!

--make up elements--basic building blocks of all matter

Atoms

SUBATOMIC PARTICLE

CHARGE LOCATION IN THE ATOM

PROTON POSITIVE In the NUCLEUS

NEUTRON No CHARGE In the NUCLEUS

ELECTRON NEGATIVE In the energy levels

Structure of an Atom

Electron energy levels (electrons)

Nucleus(protons and neutrons)

Insert into Cornell Notes:

• Parts of an atom Nucleus and

surrounding space

What is the nucleus made of?

Positively charged protons (+)And neutrons with no charge

What makes an element an element?

The number of protons in the nucleus

# electrons = # protons; Net Charge = 0

Atomic number:

Mass number:

the number of protons in the nucleus

the total number of particles in the nucleus

(protons + neutrons)

Hydrogen

1

H1.008

The Periodic Table: A Key to the Elements

Element

Atomic #

Symbol

Atomic Mass

State of Matter

P

P + N

1. The ______________   _____________ shows all known elements in the universe. 

2. All elements are made of __________________. 

3. _______________ are the smallest particle of an element that retains its chemical properties. 

4. Atoms are made of tiny subatomic particles called ______________, _______________, and

_______________. 

5. Protons and neutrons are in the _____________ of an atom. 

Periodic Table

Atoms

Atoms

Protons NeutronsElectrons

Nucleus

6. Protons have a ________________ electrical charge. 

7. Neutrons have a ________________ electrical charge. 

8. Electrons have a ________________ charge that attracts them to protons. 

9. Atoms on the periodic table are organized by________________, which is really the number of ______________  

10. Different types of atoms can bond together to make ________________. 

11. Water is 2 atoms of ______________and 1 atom of ____________. 

positive

neutral

negative

atomic numberprotons

molecules

HydrogenOxygen

Atomic number:

Mass number or Atomic Mass:

the number of protons in the nucleus

the total number of particles in the nucleus

(protons + neutrons)

Hydrogen

1

H1.008

RECALL The Periodic Table: A Key to the Elements

Element

Atomic #

Symbol

Atomic Mass or Mass Number

State of Matter

P

P + N

Sulfur

16

S

32.06

Use the information about Sulfur from the periodic table to answer the following questions:

a. What is the atomic number?

b. What is the Chemical Symbol

c. How many electrons does Sulfur have?

d. What is the atomic mass?

e. How many neutrons does Sulfur have?

16

S

16

32.0616

16

P + N = Atomic Mass

Covalent Bonding (Water - H20)

A compound is a substance that is composed of atoms of two or more different elements.

Example:

Table salt is NaCl

(Sodium + Chlorine)

Compounds and Bonding