Objectives Identify the types of injections administered to

patients Describe the angle, site and types of

medications for each type of injection Compare and contrast an ampule and a vial. Perform the following skills

Intradermal injection Subcutaneous injection Intramuscular injection Intravenous injection

Types of injections

Many factors determine the type of injection used Site Medication Patient age Compromised site

skin, Disease process amputation

Types of injections Intradermal

Commonly used for skin tests (TB) Allergy testing

Needle size Fine gauge of 26 or 27 3/8 to 5/8 inches in length

Angle of injection 10-15 degrees

Sites used Anterior forearm Mid back

Very small amount of medication is administered

Types of injections-con’t Subcutaneous

not more than 2 cc of medication Needle size

25g to 27 g ½ to 5/8 inches long

Angle of injection 45 degrees

Sites used Arm (TRICEP area) Abdomen Upper thigh (midvastus lateralis)

Common uses Insulin Allergy injections immunizations Meds of rheumatoid arthritis

Types of injections-con’t Intramuscular

Made into the muscle tissue Common sites

Deltoid (upper outer) Gluteus medious (upper outer portion of the hip) Ventrogluteal (lateral outside portion of the hip) Vastus lateralis (midportion of the thigh)

Needle size 1-3 inches long 18-23 guage-( dependent of the substance being

injected and patient size) Angle of needle

90 degrees Types of medications

Pain Antinausea chemotherapy

Types of injections-con’t Intravenous

Only given by a nurse of MD Medications are introduced directly into the bloodstream Needle size

1-11/2 inches 20- 21 gauge

Amount a few ml to large IV drip (piggy back, primary)

Types of medications Pain, Anitibiotics Vitamins hydration

Preparing the patient

Calm anxiety and fears by explaining the procedure to them

Don’t allow to view the needle Pediatric patients need added help to

restrain Get consent-usually written Secure the site

Preparing the patient-con’t

Select the site Dependent on medication

Amount Painful type

Size of patient Weight Muscular development

Age of patient

Preparing the site

Remove restrictive clothing Apply gloves Clean the site Prepare the medication Position the patient decrease muscle tightness

leg/arm/=sitting down gluteal=standing or lying down

Vials and Ampules

Many medications come in vial or ampule form

Vial=closed lid with a stopper on the top

Ampule= glass container that must be opened

Medication is drawn into a syringe for administration.

Withdraw medication from a vial

See procedure sheet

Give an intradermal injection

See procedure sheet

Give a subcutaneous injection

See procedure sheet

Give an intramuscular injection

See procedure sheet

Intravenous medications