ocean pollution beth roland eighth grade science team 5 mountaineers
TRANSCRIPT
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Ocean Pollution
Beth Roland
Eighth Grade Science
Team 5 Mountaineers
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What is Ocean Pollution?
• Pollution: damage to the environment as a result of contamination by chemicals, biological agents, sediment, radiation, or heat
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Coastal Pollution
• Coastal waters are MOST sensitive to pollution because they are:
– Heavily used– Close to sources of pollution– Shallow-water bodies– Not as well circulated as the open ocean• Coastal pollution is made up of marinepollution and marine debris
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Pollution: Cause and Effect
• The introduction by man, directly or indirectly, ofsubstances or energy into the marineenvironment, including estuaries, and has the following
effects:– harm to marine life– hazards to human health– adversely affects marine activities, including fishing andother uses of the sea– decreases quality for use of sea water(World Health Organization)
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Main Sources of Marine Pollution
• Petroleum (oil)• Sewage sludge• DDT and PCBs• Mercury• Point source: clearly discernable in terms of origin(municipal sewage outfall, oil tanker spills, offshore oilwell blowouts)• Non-point-source pollution: ill-defined or diffusedsources, runoff (harbors and marinas, TBT, powerboatpollution, invasive species, agriculture, forestry, urbanrunoff, marine debris, air pollution, noise pollution,dredging
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Impact of an Oil Spill
• When oil washes up on a beach, it can negativelyaffect the marine environment• Oil can coat aquatic life and render their insulating fur or feathers useless
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Sludge DepositorySewage sludge isthe semisolidmaterial thatremains aftersewage treatment• Much sewage sludgewas dumpedoffshore until lawsrestricted sewagedumping
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DDT and PCB’s • DDT was a widely used pesticide that became
concentrated in marine fish-DDT caused brown pelicans and ospreys to
produce thin egg shells- Worldwide, DDT has been banned from
agricultural use but is still found in developing countries
• PCBs are industrial chemicals used as liquid coolants and insulation in industrial equipment such as power transformers
-PCBs enter the marine environment through leaks and from discarded equipment
-PCBs can accumulate in animal tissues andaffect reproduction
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Current Laws Regulating Off-shore Dumping
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Plastic in an Aquatic Environment
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