ocean use conference practical aspects of compliance m... · ocean use conference practical aspects...

Guy Stephenson of Westwood Shipping Speaker 14: 1

Law Seminars International | Ocean Law | 05/23/08 in Seattle, WA

Ocean Use Conference

Practical Aspects of CompliancePresented by:

Guy C. StephensonPresident

Westwood Shipping Lines, Inc.

Ocean Use ConferenceVessel Cargo Stow & Facts May 25, 2008

WSL N-Class Ship Facts

Ship height is equal to a 18 story building (keel to top of mast)- 10 stories from deck to bridge

The ship is 655 feet long, which is equivalent to 2.2 football fields

The propeller has 5 blades, weighs 15.2 tons and is 22 feet in diameter

Ship capacity – 2046 TEU’s

One hold of newsprint can produce over 20 million newspapers, equivalent to 2800 tons

One hold of lumber can build the structures for 200 average size homes, which is equivalent to 1500 MBF

The ship requires 59 tons of fuel per day. It has a cruising speed of 17 knots (21 MPH) she burns 44.4 gallons per mile. It costs $1,465,000 to fill up the tanks

10 officers and 14 crew members are aboard and spend an average of 6 months on the ship



A PS-class vessel's horsepower equals that of 1,156 family cars

A PS-class vessel travels 66 kilometers using 1 kWh of energy per ton

Ocean Use ConferenceLarger Ships..... May 25, 2008

Emma Maersk

of cargo

A jumbo jet travels half a kilometer using the same amount of energy per ton of cargo

A PS-class vessel sails approximately 170,000 nautical miles every year. That is equal to 7.5 times around the world

A PS-class vessel can carry 11,000 full 20-foot containers. That is equal to a train 71 kilometers long

The newly developed, more environmentally friendly silicone paint used below the waterline on a PS-class vessel creates a streamlining effect •LOA - 397.71 mbelow the waterline on a PS class vessel creates a streamlining effect, saving an estimated 1,200 tons of bunker fuel per year

A PS-class vessel is equipped with a waste heat recovery system, saving up to ten percent of main engine power. That is equal to the average annual electrical consumption of 5,000 European households

•Width - 56.4 m•Draft - 15.5 m•DWT - 156,907•M.E. - 109,000 hp

1994 - largest container ship capacity - 4000 teu

Ocean Use ConferenceCalling Fewer Ports May 25, 2008

2007- largest container ship capacity - 12,000 – 15,000 teu

Between 2001 – 2006, the average size of containerships calling at U.S. ports increased by 24%

Calls by ships of 5000 teu or greater (post-panamax class) increased by 241%

U.S. International container trades increased by 52 percent from 2001 – 2006, with 10 ports accounting for over 90 percent of U.S. international container trade

LA/Long Beach accounted for almost 40% of that total

The next largest port, New York accounted for 13%

Source: MARAD



Westwood vessels have earned DNV’s Clean Class Notation because of environmentally conscious design and operations that is supported by inspections, measurements and sampling

These vessels are also operated under ISO Certification

IMO – approved wasteLow NOX emissions engine technology

Ocean Use ConferenceVessel Design As Environmental Stewardship May 25, 2008

IMO approved waste incinerator and managed

garbage disposal

Low NOX emissions engine technology< 17g/kw hr

SOX emissions < 3.0 at sea< 1.5 near ports

Non –TBT antifouling paint

Flow through ballast system key to good ballast water management

Inboard/protected F.O. tanksadded oil spill protection

New low impact refrigerants

AIR EMISSIONS

U.N. International Maritime Organization (IMO), MARPOL ANNEX VI

Ocean Use ConferenceAir Emissions May 25, 2008

The Convention on Marine Pollution, known as MARPOL, provides international pollution standards that have generally been adopted world-wide and govern maritime shipping.

Amendments to Annex VI, which governs air emissions, have recently been proposed by the International Maritime Organization (IMO) Marine Environmental Protections Committee. If adopted the rules will essentially prohibit the use of residual fuel oil by 2020, and will require ships to burn distillate fuels.

The new standard will be phased in:- Global SOx cap will be reduced from 4.5% to 3.5% by 2012y- In Sulphur Emission Control Areas:

1.5% to 1.0% by March 1, 2010.10% on January 1, 2015



AIR EMISSIONS

MARPOL, ANNEX VI

The new IMO standards will result in substantial reductions in NOx and SOx

Ocean Use ConferenceAir Emissions (cont) May 25, 2008

Challenge: - Production of low sulphur fuels of sufficient quantity and quality to meet the needs of

the ocean shipping industry. - Low sulphur fuels are twice as expensive as residual fuel

- LA/LB to provide $18,000,000 in fuel subsidies to carriers that comply with local 20 mile/12 kt voluntary program.

Petroleum industry is unable to commit at this time to be able to produce sufficient quantities- Estimated capital investment of $100 bn - $300 bnEstimated capital investment of $100 bn $300 bn- Increased demand from shore based transportation

Environmental Penalty: More CO2 (?)- Converting residual fuel to distillate increases land-based CO2 emissions- Use of scrubbers – requires more fuel which increases CO2

only one system presently available

Ocean Use ConferenceAlternate Fuels May 25, 2008

SkySails GmbH & Co. KG is a Hamburg-based company that sells equipment to propel cargo ships, large yachts and fishing vessels by the use of wind energy. A ship equipped with the current SkySails could consume from 10 to 35% less oil. The SkySail-system is easily implementable on all large vessels.

MS Beluga Skysails is the world's first commercial container cargo ship which is partially powered by a giant computer-controlled kite (160sq. m. or 1,722 sq ft.). The kite could reduce fuel consumption by 20%. It was launched 17 December 2007 and departed the northern German port of Bremerhaven to Guanta, Venezuela in January, 2008. The ship completed its journey on March 13, 2008 after sailing from Germany to Venezuela, then to the United States, and ultimately arriving in Norway.

Source: GmbH & Co. KG website



BALLAST WATER MANAGEMENT

Ballast water is a recognized mechanism for introduction of non-indigenous species

Ocean Use ConferenceBallast Water Management May 25, 2008

IMO has implemented guidelines to minimize risk:

- California is requiring a 100% efficacy rate- USCG has regulatory authority

Basic types of ballast water treatment

- Ballast water exchange

Very effective for trans-ocean routes, as coastal organisms cannot survive ocean environments, and mid ocean water is high salinityenvironments, and mid ocean water is high salinity

- Chemical Treatments

- Non-chemical- Filters- UV

Ship Name: Westwood Olympia Ship Type: General Cargo Carrier (Container) Port of Registry: Nassau Owner: Westwood Shipping Lines International Sign: C6BU2 Flag: BAHAMAS IMO number: 9226061 Dimensions:

Ocean Use ConferenceBallast Water Management Plan May 25, 2008

Ship Particulars

Dimensions: Length: 199.93 m Beam: 31.00 m Seagoing ballast draught: F-7.24 m, A-8.93 m Total Water Ballast Capacity 20536.97 m3 Measurement Units for Ballast Water: m3 List of Ballast Water Tanks & Capacities: Forepeak & DB Tanks Wing Tanks & Afterpeak: Forepeak Lower (FPL): 1029.34 m3 No. 2A (Port & Stbd) 425.88 m3 each Forepeak Upper (FPU) 530.71 m3 No. 3A (Port & Stbd) 750.04 m3 each No. 1 DB (Port): 378.60 m3 No. 4A (Port & Stbd) 614.46 m3 each No. 1 DB (Stbd): 356.66 m3 No. 5A (Port & Stbd) 614.47 m3 each No. 2 DB (Port & Stbd) 354.00 m3 each No. 6A (Port & Stbd) 614.27 m3 each No. 3 DB (Port & Stbd) 1024.85 m3 each No. 7A (Port) 269.21 m3 each No. 4 DB (Port & Stbd) 1255.26 m3 each No. 7A (Stbd) 290.53 m3 each( ) ( )No. 5 DB (Port & Stbd) 1281.91 m3 each Afterpeak 442.82 m3 each No. 6 DB (Port & Stbd) 1203.86 m3 each No. 7 DB (Port & Stbd) 780.55 m3 each Appointed Ballast Water Management Officer: Chief Officer (Designation of position or rank) Locations of ballast management information placards, if applicable: Deck Office Other Relevant Information:

***This plan should be kept available for inspection on request by a port state control officer or by a port state quarantine officer.



Ocean Use ConferenceBallast Water Exchange Hazards May 25, 2008

COUGAR-ACE LISTING (FOR RELEASE) KODIAK, Alaska (July 26, 2006)--The Singapore flagged vessel Cougar Ace remains disabled and listing at 90 degrees230 miles south of the Aleutian Islands. U.S COAST GUARD PHOTO

Source: USCG website

Ocean Use ConferenceCompliance May Require Patience May 25, 2008

Source: TradeWinds News

ocean use conference practical aspects of compliance m... · ocean use conference practical aspects...

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