Unit 31 – Digital Graphics For Interactive Media

OCR Cambridge TEC - Level 3 Certificate/Diploma IT

LO2 - Be able to generate ideas for digital graphics for an interactive

media product

Scenario Criteria Tasks Assessment1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

Learners should be introduced to a range of planning documents and should review various examples of design documents and practice their creation as exercises such as: ◦ visualisations, mind maps, mood boards (showing initial idea planning) ◦ sketches (rough to detailed designs).

For good practice learners should look to annotate planning and design documents to assist in development and to clarify final details. To reinforce their skills, learners may also choose to complete documentation for existing graphics retrospectively; they could then review each other’s work for gaps in detail and content.

Products can be researched as part of group work and used to identify the intended audience, purpose, and the house style. It will help to reinforce the need to use appropriate file sizes depending on the chosen method of delivery. Learners could then consider how the various interactive media products display their graphics, looking for similarities and differences. This could be delivered firstly as a class discussion, followed by research tasks in small groups feeding back responses to the whole group.

Unit 31 - LO2- Scenario

Scenario Criteria Tasks Assessment1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

Learners should be taught to give careful consideration to the different stages of a project as per the teaching content. Tutors could show effective methods of time planning and through demonstration or step by step exercises learners can be taught how to use Gantt chart creation software or project management software. To reinforce understanding, short exercises with set tasks could be given out to small or large groups to identify which tasks are required and the length of time needed to complete them.

Learners should also research and consider the impact of copyright on sourced material e.g. using images from the Internet, as well as looking at the importance of graphics being targeted at the correct age group and not being offensive to certain groups (e.g. age, gender, ethical, cultural backgrounds). This could be covered with learners by looking at case studies within the media of where content has been used without seeking permission, and cases where companies have had action taken against them for using inappropriate or offensive graphics. Individual findings from research carried out could then be presented back to the rest of the group as part of a class discussion.

Unit 31 - LO2- Scenario

Scenario Criteria Tasks Assessment1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

Learning Outcome (LO) The learner will:

Pass The assessment criteria are the pass requirements for this unit. The learner can:

Merit For merit the evidence must show that, in addition to the pass criteria, the learner is able to:

Distinction For distinction the evidence must show that, in addition to the pass and merit criteria, the learner is able to:

1 Understand theory and applications of digital graphics technology

P1 Describe theory and applications of digital graphics technology with some appropriate use of subject terminology

M1 Explain different settings used for different outputs

D1 Critically evaluate a range of digital graphics for interactive media

2 Be able to generate ideas for digital graphics for an interactive media product

P2 Generate outline ideas for digital graphics for an interactive media product working within appropriate conventions and with some assistance

M2 Provide a detailed plan of ideas generated for digital graphics for an interactive media product

D2 Justify decisions made in producing the detailed plan

3 Be able to create digital graphics for an interactive media product following industry practice

P3 Create digital graphics for an interactive media product following industry practice, working within appropriate conventions and with some assistance

D3 Enhance digital graphics for an interactive media product using advanced skill

LO1 - Assessment Criteria

Scenario Criteria Tasks Assessment1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

For P2, learners should generate outline ideas for digital graphics for an interactive media product. They could generate an outline plan which will show their ideas for their graphics by firstly identifying the requirements needed for the graphics and then use outline design methods to produce design documentation as listed in the teaching content. Learners should plan to create at least four individual graphics. Learners should be encouraged to think creatively and not be penalised on their drawing ability. Designs can be electronic or hand drawn.

For M2 is an extension of P2. Learners must provide a detailed plan of ideas generated with annotated designs. Appropriate settings must be identified for the graphics, covering each setting listed in the teaching content.

For D2 is an extension of P2 and M2 and could form part of the same evidence. Learners must justify the decisions they have made when producing their detailed plan. Justification must be detailed with appropriate reasons giving for the types of graphics to be created, linking to how they will fit together on the interactive media product. The justification must also cover the settings chosen.

Assessment Criteria - P2, M2 and D2

Scenario Criteria Tasks Assessment1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

Mob Mentality is a new start-up personal mobile sales company who sell Mobile and emerging technologies that are seen as too difficult to get hold of such as the New Ring Clock, Foldable Phones, GlucoM Writstband, 3d printers and other luxury goods and Techy Toys. They are new to the market but have every intention of using their advertising to promote the company so it is important that their Logo is memorable as well as interesting. The Logo is not allowed to be product specific but they will be focussing on Smart technologies.

They will also need a Static Web Banner that best displays a range of goods in an interesting manner and this will include a small range of new and emerging technologies that might interest the user as well as capture their intention. This banner will be the main focus of the Company’s webpage so all the rules associated with banners should apply. It needs to be consistent in manner and colour scheme of the logo to maintain a level of consistency.

They will also will want to create a road side hoarding to advertise the company, this image will be quite large and needs to engage and interest the customer within the first 5 seconds. It needs to be interesting, intriguing and contain the corporate image somewhere eon the hoarding. It needs to be consistent in manner and colour scheme of the logo to maintain a level of consistency.

P2.1 – Client Specifications – Requirements and Needs

Scenario Criteria Tasks Assessment1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

Based on the client brief provided, you need to clarify their needs for each of the 4 images. Purpose – State the needs of the client for all three images in terms of quality, expectation, intended use and

finished intent and why this needs to be a consideration. Audience and Criteria – State the target age group, category and demographic of the target audience and why

this needs to be a consideration. For Criteria state the age, gender, location, income, education and how you will take this into consideration.

House Style – specify the intended similarities among the images in terms of colour, layout and meaning and why this needs to be a consideration.

Size of graphic – State the creation dimensions of the graphics and the final expected display dimensions and why this needs to be a consideration.

Delivery Method – State where and how the completed images will be displayed and how this needs to be a consideration in their creation.

Timescales - State the timescale limitations of the three graphics and how this needs to be a consideration in their creation.

File Format – State the output format of the 4 graphics and state why this is necessary (Raster, Vector, Jpeg, PNG etc.)

Production costs - State the expected Production Costs of the three graphics and how this needs to be a consideration in their creation. For example, costs to time, Work in Progress Materials, Example Printing costs.

P2.1 - Task 01 - Identify client’s needs for the production and output of the three company images.

Purpose Audience and Criteria House Style Size of graphics

Delivery Method Timescales File Format Production Costs

P2.1 – Client Specifications – Requirements and Needs

Scenario Criteria Tasks Assessment1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

What is protected by copyright? Copyright protects original literary, dramatic, musical and artistic works, published editions of

works, sound recordings (including CDs), films (including videos and DVDs) and broadcasts. The creator of the material has the right to control the way their work can be used. Their rights cover such things as:

So copyright is a type of ‘intellectual property’ and, like physical property, cannot usually be used without the owner’s permission.

What about computer programs and material stored in computers? A computer program is protected as a literary work.

Converting a program into or between computer languages and codes counts as ‘adapting’ a work Storing any work in a computer involves ‘copying’ the work Running a computer program or displaying work on a VDU will usually involve ‘copying’

Does copyright have to be registered? Copyright protection in the UK is automatic NO registration system (NO forms to complete and NO fees to pay)

Copying Adapting Distributing Communicating through Electronic means to the Public

Renting or Lending Copies to the Public

Performing in Public

P2.1 – Client Specifications – Legal Implications

Scenario Criteria Tasks Assessment1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

What about stuff on the Internet - Copyright material sent over the internet or stored on web servers will usually be protected in the same way as material recorded on other media. So if you want to put copyright material on the internet to distribute or download copyright material that others have put on the internet, you will need to make sure that you have permission from the people who own the rights in the material.

Does work need to have the copyright symbol - In some countries you must mark the work with the international © mark followed by the creator’s name and the year of creation. But not in Britain but helps if action is taken when copyrighted materials is used without required permission.

Copyrighted images versus copyright free images - They say free stuff is worth every penny you pay for it. The internet is full of images, every picture you could want, who would notice if you took it. Copyright is the second most important and quoted law in ICT, the one that is breached the most and one that is considered thin in terms of prosecution and effect.

I am a student in school and therefor it does not count – Yes it does, copyright does not care about age, location or purpose. If it is used, even if not for money, you are in breach, that simple.

P2.2 – Task 02 – Describe the intention of the Copyright Act and describe the risks and the measures you need to take to prevent illegal use of resources.

P2.1 – Client Specifications – Legal Implications

Scenario Criteria Tasks Assessment1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

Ownership – It is the right of any person who creates an image from scratch to own the rights to that image. If the person works for a company then those rights are usually within the company. This gives the creator or company rights of use, manipulation, transference, manipulation and sales. This is an alienable right of the company, any outside for any purpose, even if beyond recognition, without permission is a breach of those ownership rights.

Permissions (subject/location permission for use) – There are several forms of permission that can be given on copyrighted material, sole usage, licence for purpose and rights.

◦ Sole usage means that a company can purchase a license for a single purpose, the purpose stated in the terms of agreement. This is quite clear and does not allow the user to manipulate the image without permission or continue to use the image beyond the time period or purpose specified such as a song for an advert.

◦ License – This is a time limited or range limited usage and can include manipulation. This usually comes with an agreement on giving credit for the use of the image or sound such as a player in FIFA 14 or a car in GTA V.

◦ Rights – this is something that is sold, usually with all rights included, to another user for them to do with as they like. This means signing over the rights as well for whatever purpose. Often images are sold in this way by Photography companies or Image stock companies looking for a larger funding.

IPR (Intellectual Property Rights) - is a legal term which refers to thoughts and ideas for which exclusive rights are recognised. Under intellectual property law, owners are granted certain exclusive rights to a variety of intangible assets, such as musical, literary, and artistic works, discoveries and inventions, and words, phrases, symbols, and designs. Common types of intellectual property rights include copyright, trademarks, patents, industrial design rights, trade dress, and in some jurisdictions trade secrets. Not all these rules apply outside Europe and not every country abides by these terms.

P2.1 – Client Specifications – Legal Implications

Scenario Criteria Tasks Assessment1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

Photo permissions – Photography tends to be protected by the law through copyright and moral rights but Photography tends to be restricted by the law through miscellaneous criminal offenses, E.g. Publishing certain photographs can be restricted by privacy law.

Photography of certain subject matter can be generally restricted in the interests of public morality and the protection of children. Generally under UK law one cannot prevent photography of private property from a public place, and in general the right to take photographs on private land upon which permission has been obtained is similarly unrestricted.

However, landowners are permitted to impose any conditions they wish upon entry to a property, such as forbidding or restricting photography. Similarly permission to photograph for advertising purposes can be restricted. Generally there is a lot of overlap with other laws that restrict the use of images such as the Indecency And Public Order Act.

Releases (model releases, location permissions) - When a photograph is taken other rules can still apply, models can ask for rights on preview if it can affect their career, permission from parents for the use of children in photographs, permission for the use of buildings in photos for backdrops if the image demeans the purpose of the building. See article.

P2.3 – Task 03 – Describe the other legal Implications restricting Image use and the implication of not gaining permission.

P2.2 – Client Specifications – Legal Implications

Scenario Criteria Tasks Assessment1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

Why is it important to acknowledge where information comes from and who will know. All books need to acknowledge their sources as a matter of principle to show the information is from somewhere reputable. There are two sources of information, primary and secondary, primary is things you know and use, secondary is other peoples work.

At university level this is vital, primary sources of information are the direct link to written material, the original thoughts, the first of their kind, secondary sources are those who wrote about those sources.

People who make images, write text etc. often appreciate being acknowledged as the originator of the source, it can fund them, lead to more business etc.

Reference sources – referencing is good practice, it allows a company to see where the material comes from, it shows that the information is genuine, it allows the user to find the original work and read more. References are written is different ways, good practice is to refer to the Author first, then Book, then Publisher, then Date and Reprint Number, then Page Number. This is the expectation.

P2.3 – Client Specifications – Ethical Implications

Scenario Criteria Tasks Assessment1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

Avoid causing offence – Images can offend, we do not always see why they might offend but they can. It is not always possible to be PC in our selection of images, too tall, too short, too many men, too many thin people, too many this or that. It is companies intention to avoid this but it is difficult. For your buttons and navigation bar this should be fine but for the banner, the choice of images, the shapes, the sizes, who wears them etc. needs to be a consideration.

Ensuring images are appropriate for intended audience age – Similarly just because you think the image is good and clear and appropriate, your target audience may not like it. If you are too general they will not feel valued or targeted, if you are too specific you may alienate impulse buyers.

P2.3 – Task 04 – In terms of Referencing, Causing Offence and your Target Audience, state and explain the importance of ethical considerations within your digital products.

P2.3 – Client Specifications – Ethical Implications

Scenario Criteria Tasks Assessment1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

With the legality and morality taken care of, it is time to plan the creation of the graphics. There needs to be 4 graphics of which the Logo and Banner need to be 2 of them. For Merit the Banner or the third object created, should to be animated and sketches for this should demonstrate this.

Visualisations, (e.g. mind map, mood boards) – These are ways to get your ideas down on Paper and map out how you will create and generate the graphics. These can be done Digitally or on Paper.

Mood Board – You will need to create a mood board for the 4 graphics that includes images that you feel are appropriate, inspirational, negative and functional. This mood board needs to impress upon a client that you have considered the options, file formats, quality, house style and how the objects created will link.

P2.4 - Outline Design Methods - Visualisations

Scenario Criteria Tasks Assessment1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

During the production of the Graphics there will be stages that overlap, companies start the same, planning, negotiating the client brief, drawing sketches. But when the production of a large set of graphics gets underway, the artwork for graphics will be done at the same time as the background designs, the research and this will take time because of their importance. The first completed graphic can be tested while the other graphics are being made, but the Logo needs to be first as it will be on the others.

Similarly some of the buttons and Navigation Graphics can be produced independently of the image graphics and some of the graphics are intrinsically linked to the working of the others. The stages of production include:

P2.4 - Task 05 - Create a Mood Board and Mind Map that indicates overlapping tasks for your graphics covering all the necessary production tasks.

P2.4 - Outline Design Methods – Visualisations – Mind Map

Preparing the Client BriefResearchSourcing ImagesHouse stylePreparation

SketchesMood BoardMind Map

ImplementationCreating LogoCreating BannerCreating Third GraphicCreating Fourth Graphic

TestingSelf EvaluationPeer EvaluationImprovements

Scenario Criteria Tasks Assessment1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

For P2.5 - It is necessary to sketch your graphics before production. These sketches need detail but you will not be marked on the quality of your drawing.

There are 4 sketches you will need to do, the Logo, banner and the other two. For Pass the annotations on all 4 sketches will determine the grade.

Here are some examples of the kind of final sketches we are expecting - However some of these do not show much development

Remember it is not artistic prowess but technical ability and development you need to demonstrate. The main idea is to get your idea across

For Merit M2.1 – Sketches need to be annotated in detail e.g. multiple sketches or storyboards for rollovers or animated images. Storyboards can be taken from this link.

For Merit M2.2 - Annotations, (e.g. planned resolution, bit depth, colour mode).

P2.5 – Task 06 - Create a series of Individual Graphic Sketches for your 4 planned graphics to include annotations.

M2.1 – Task 07 – Create a series of Multiple Sketches or Storyboards including rollovers or animated images.

M2.2 – Task 08 – Create annotations for your sketches to include planned resolution, bit depth, colour mode.

P2.5, M2 - Outline Design Methods – Visualisation Sketches

Scenario Criteria Tasks Assessment1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

For this stage you will need to use either a project Management program like Microsoft Project or Open Proj or create a Gantt Chart using Excel to produce a timeline for the creation and sourcing stages of the projects. This should take into consideration Parallel Processes, Milestones and Deadlines. The project should be broken down into 5 major sections or stages:◦ planning ◦ designing ◦ creating ◦ modifying ◦ evaluating.

Each of these stages can be broken down into parts, for instance creating can include sourcing, part 1 of 4, saving and exporting file formats and gaining permissions.

This should be a plan that is capable of being followed. Altogether you have 42 days to complete this and the rest of the project, the Gantt or project Plan should reflect this.

M2.3 –Task 09 – Create a Gantt or Project file that illustrated the timings of each stage and sub stages of the project.

M2.3 - Outline Design Methods – Planning stages

Scenario Criteria Tasks Assessment1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

For Distinction you will need to justify the decisions they have made when producing their detailed plan. These should include how you stuck to a house style in the planning and how the products will serve the multimedia product best. Justification must be detailed with appropriate reasons giving for the types of graphics to be created. The justification must also cover the settings chosen.

Because this is the Distinction criteria, the argument needs to be detailed and inclusive, argue for and against, be critical of your decisions.

D2.1 – Task 10 – Justify the decisions made when producing the plans with appropriate reasons giving for the types of graphics to be created and how they will fit together on the interactive media product.

D2.1 – Justification of Planning and Decision making

Decisions made in the

Brief

Justification of Graphics and their

inclusion

Copyright decisions

Ethical Issues

Mood Board decisions

Mind Map decisions Visualisation Sketches

Justification of project planning software

used.

Scenario Criteria Tasks Assessment1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

P2.1 - Task 01 - Identify client’s needs for the production and output of the three company images.

P2.2 – Task 02 – Describe the intention of the Copyright Act and describe the risks and the measures you need to take to prevent illegal use of resources.

P2.3 – Task 03 – Describe the other legal Implications restricting Image use and the implication of not gaining permission.

P2.3 – Task 04 – In terms of Referencing, Causing Offence and your Target Audience, state and explain the importance of ethical considerations within your digital products.

P2.4 - Task 05 - Create a Mood Board and Mind Map that indicates overlapping tasks for your graphics covering all the necessary production tasks.

P2.5 – Task 06 - Create a series of Individual Graphic Sketches for your 4 planned graphics to include annotations.

M2.1 – Task 07 – Create a series of Multiple Sketches or Storyboards including rollovers or animated images.

M2.2 – Task 08 – Create annotations for your sketches to include planned resolution, bit depth, colour mode.

M2.3 –Task 09 – Create a Gantt or Project file that illustrated the timings of each stage and sub stages of the project.

D2.1 – Task 10 – Justify the decisions made when producing the plans with appropriate reasons giving for the types of graphics to be created and how they will fit together on the interactive media product.

Assessment Tasks – P2, M2 and D2