october 23, 2001 enumeration of the public health workforce in the united states, 2000 kristine...

October 23, 2001

Enumeration of the Public Health Workforce in the United States, 2000

Kristine Gebbie, RN, DrPH,

Jacqueline Merrill, MPH, RN,C

Center for Health PolicyColumbia University School of Nursing

October 23, 2001 Center for Health PolicyColumbia University School of Nursing

The Question

What is the size and composition of the public health workforce?


The Answer

448,254 workers in salaried positions


1970 vs. 2000

1970

• 1970 500,000 PH Workers

• 1: 457 workers to persons

• Estimated by different method

2000

• 2000 448,254 PH Workers

• 1: 635 workers to persons

• Include federal employees, salaried staff of limited volunteer agencies

• Supplemented by at least 2,864,825 volunteers


Historic comparison

1923 27 workers/100,000 population



1979 219 workers/100,000 population(est)



Public Health Worker Density

PH Workersto 100,000 Population

140 to 566 (16)77 to 140 (17)37 to 77 (17)


Who are they?

Commonly identified health professions, many technical w/ backgrounds, some trained on the job.

Unidentified by education--advanced education, or a high school diploma and a willingness to learn


National Summary

448,254 salaried workers by occupational category

Clerical/Support13%

Category Unreported

25%

Administrative4%

Professional44%

Technical14%


National Summary (cont’d)

Local34%

Federal19%

Other14%

State33%

Percentage of 448,254 PH Workers by Location


National Summary (cont’d) The location of the workforce distributed within OPM occupational

categories

OPM CATEGORY

LOCAL

16,495

33,857

3,975

8,454

89,970

10,04511,410

56,958

38,331

29,217

11,902

58,897

1,152

13,360

443201

50,313

748

10,313

2,213

0

10000

20000

30000

40000

50000

60000

70000

80000

90000

100000

Administrative Professional Technical Clerical/Support CategoryUnreported

Nu

mb

er E

mp

loye

d

STATE

FEDERAL

OTHER


National Summary (cont’d)

Select professionals by location

533 6551,304

14,543

6,101

888

3,975 4,207

10,045 9,935

7,043

4,055

1,152

4,311

126

20,443

2,080

532748 1450

5000

10000

15000

20000

25000

Officials andAdministrators

PH Physician PH Nurse EnvironmentalProfessional

PH Educator

Nu

mb

er E

mp

loye

d

LOCAL

STATE

FEDERAL

OTHER


National Summary (cont’d)Estimated ratios of workers /100,000 population in DHHS Regions

118 128

174 179

76

116

7790

187200

I II III IV V VI VII VIII IX X

DHHS Region

Mea

n S

tate

an

d T

erri

tori

al R

atio

s

National Ratio

158


National Summary (cont’d)Range of workers to 100,000 population

Must understand PH systems to interpret

PA lowest—why?

SC highest—why?

National includes federal

Estimated Ratios of Public Health Workers per 100,000 Population

37

158

566

Pennsylvania National South Carolina


Public Health Worker/Population Region IV

1:500

1:177

1:895 1:1096

1:1355

1:712

1:685

1:1003


Worker distribution by Occupational Category -Region IV

STATE

9%5%

9%

45%

20%

46%27%

59% 52% 41%

13%

16%

14%26%

11%

4%

7%

11%

23%17%

29%

52%

12%4% 1% 2% 2%

47%

33%

1%

2%

20%

28%19% 19%

.01%.01%.04%

73%

2%

AL FL GA KY MS NC SC TN

Pe

rce

nta

ge

of

Wo

rke

rs

CategoryUnreported

Clerical/Support

Technical

Professional

Administrative


Wisconsin vs. Arizona

Distribution of workers by occupational category at three Locations

Wisconsin OPM Workers by Location

6% 7%

1%2%

41%

.05%

7%4%5%

22%

.05%.7%4%

Admin

istra

tive

Profe

ssio

nal

Technic

al

Cleric

al/S

upport

Categ

ory U

nreporte

d

OPM CATEGORY

Nu

mb

er

Em

plo

ye

d

State

Local

Other

Admin

istra

tive

Arizona OPM Workers by Location

60%

2%

29%

0.06%6%3%

Profe

ssio

nal

Technic

al

Cleric

al/S

upport

Categ

ory U

nreporte

d

OPM CATEGORY

Nu

mb

er

Em

plo

ye

d State

Local

Other


Wisconsin Percentage of PH Workers by Agency Source

Wisconsin Department of Agriculture, Trade & Consumer Protection

9%

Wisconsin Department of Natural Resources

16%

Wisconsin State Lab of Hygiene

7%ASTPHND Survey*

5%

March of Dimes

0.05%

Wisconsin Department of Health and Family

Services

63%

* Association of State and Territorial Public Health Nutrition Directors 1994 Survey Data-file.


About PH workforce data

Data are descriptive

Interpretation demands understanding PH system in each state

Different basis for analysis than general health workforce statistics


Issues

Difference in PH structures resulted in varying types of information

states w/ centralized systems

states w/ decentralized systems

combination of both centralized and decentralized


Issues

Data differed from jurisdiction to jurisdiction

Inconsistent time period Individual workers vs. full-time equivalents

Detail --some included every job title, others provided less detail


Audience

Leadership of public health agencies

Evaluators of public health programs

Schools of public health, other health professions schools

Policy analysts in legislatures and executive branch policy offices

Workforce researchers, including Department of Labor


Uses

Basis for developing policy for future enumeration

Distribution of workers compared w/ caution to other state’s or agencies

Specific program areas comparative analysis (nutritionists, PH educators)


WorkforceDatabase

Public Health

Community Consensus

HRSACDC

ASTHO

NALBOH NACCHO

Idea Players Practical Decisions

APHA

Reality

Who, Where, How to Count?

Official PH + ? Partners

How specific?

Details on professions?

Data Source?

Time Limits?

Pu

blic H

ealth W

orkforce D

atabase


Moving Forward

Range of governmental public health to include?

Range outside governmental public health to include?

What level of specificity?

Should any public health professions be reported in detail?

Who will provide data to the database?

What time period should be used to limit information?


The Public Health Workforce:Enumeration 2000 online

Website:

http://cpmcnet.columbia.edu/dept/nursing/institute-centers/chphsr/

EnumMain.html

october 23, 2001 enumeration of the public health workforce in the united states, 2000 kristine...

Documents