Offender SupervisionOffender Supervision

Control and Public Safety Issues

ErasEras

The Current Era of CJ:

The Current Era of CBC

Intermediate SanctionIntermediate Sanction

• Three Intermediate Sanctions Aims

• Community Protection• Provide A Continuum Of Punishments• Reduce Correctional Costs

HistoryHistory

Recall: • Typical P&P caseload nationally is

approaching 150.• Ordinarily, P&P may not have imposed

many restrictions on offenders.

Risk and Needs AssessmentsRisk and Needs Assessments

Risk and Needs Assessments (RNA)

RNS Emphasis AreasRNS Emphasis Areas

Substance Abuse Physical Health Employment Education Residential Stability

Family Relationships Sexual Functioning Mental Health Prior Record Attitude

Intermediate Sanctions Intermediate Sanctions In PracticeIn Practice

Intermediate Sanctions are intended to:

IS Effect and IntentIS Effect and Intent

Reference:

Intermediate Sanction Study Guide

IS and Traditional ProbationIS and Traditional Probation

Intermediate Sanctions

IS UtilityIS Utility

Do Intermediate Sanctions work and are they worth the cost?

IS UtilityIS Utility

Intermediate Sanctions

Cost EffectivenessCost Effectiveness

Recall:• Diversion of minor drug offenders to TX

programs, even at a cost of $14,000, is cost effective compared with imprisonment.

What Else WorksWhat Else Works

Some things have been proven to reduce recidivism.

Intensive SupervisionIntensive Supervision

Intensive Supervision Programs (ISP) are some of the best researched Intermediate Sanctions.

Intensive SupervisionIntensive Supervision

• The Typical ISP

ISP EffectivenessISP Effectiveness

Research Shows ISPs:– Did not reduce recidivism– Did provide significant community protection– Offered little to assist offenders reduce crime

But these were the original programs.

ISP EffectivenessISP Effectiveness

New generation ISPs are being studied to determine effectiveness with:– IS combined with ISP– TX focus – TX funding

San Francisco ProjectSan Francisco Project

San Francisco Project

TerminologyTerminology

• Front End Approach

• Back End Approach

Money and SafetyMoney and Safety

The central debate in administering CJ programs:– Money vs. Public Safety

Special ProgramsSpecial Programs

Special Programs include a variety of alternatives to incarceration such as Boot Camp, Detention and Diversion Centers, Day Reporting Centers and Youthful Offender Programs.

Special ProgramsSpecial Programs

Offender Deficits

Self-Discipline Respect For Authority Motivation Responsibility Accountability

Offenders Can Learn

Self-Discipline Respect For Authority Motivation Responsibility Accountability Self-Esteem Teamwork

Boot CampBoot Camp

Boot Camp: A military style regimen including physical training, drill and ceremony, GED classes, SA counseling, and life skills training.– About 4 months confinement– Non-Violent offenders– Voluntary program– Ideal for: Some technical violators and first

offenders

Boot CampBoot Camp

Boot Camp: A military style regimen including physical training, drill and ceremony, GED classes, SA, and life skills training.– About 4 months confinement– Non-Violent offenders age 18-24– Voluntary program– Ideal for some technical violators and first

offenders

Detention CenterDetention Center

Detention Center: A regimented, highly structured, full-time residential program with relaxed age and physical requirements.

Includes GED, SA and life skills classes.– About 4-6 months confinement– Non-Violent offenders– Voluntary program– Ideal for some technical violators and first

offenders

Diversion CentersDiversion Centers

Diversion Centers: A structured residential work program where offenders return to custody in the evenings. Includes GED, SA and life skills training.– About 4-6 months confinement– Non-Violent offenders– Voluntary program– Ideal for some technical violators and first

offenders

Day Reporting CentersDay Reporting Centers

DRCs: A structured community program with intensive offender contact days and evenings while the offender lives at home. Includes GED, SA and life skills training.– About 3-4 months duration– Non-Violent offenders– Ideal for some technical violators and first

offenders

Youthful Offender ProgramsYouthful Offender Programs

Youthful Offender Programs: A penitentiary program for youthful first-time offenders who were between ages 18 and 21 at the time of offense, or for juvenile offenders confined as adults. Programs include GED, SA, life skills and various shop classes.– Confinement 1 to 3 years– At least one year parole following release

Special Program ProblemsSpecial Program Problems

Nationally: Offender antisocial attitudes show little change except in more TX oriented programs.

After Special ProgramsAfter Special Programs

Offenders often revert to their former behavior after Special Program completion