Officers List

EWC'98 Officers*

International Advisory Board

William J. R. Alexander, IDNDR-Scientific and Technical Committee (STC), Sub-Committee on Early Warning, Dept. of Civil Engineer­ing, Univ. of Pretoria, Republic of South Afri­ca

Miriam Baltuck, Natural Hazards Research and Applications Lead Scientist, Solid Earth Branch, NASA, USA, currently at Yaralumla, Australia

Cyril E. Berridge, Caribbean Meteorological Or­ganization, Port of Spain, Trinidad

Michael E. Blackford, UNESCO/IOC Interna­tional Tsunami Information Center, Hawaii, USA

Zhangli Chen, State Seismological Bureau of China, Beijing, China

Rainer Dombrowsky, National Weather Service, Silver Springs, USA

James Dooge, University College Dublin, Ire­land

Thomas E. Downing, Environmental Change Unit, School of Geography, Oxford, United Kingdom

Rolando Duran, Centro de Coordination para la Prevencion de Desastres Naturales en Ameri­ca Central ( CEPREDENAC), Panama

Juan Manuel Espinoza-Aranda, Centro de In­strumentacion y Registro Sismica, A.C., Del. Benito Juarez, Mexico

Johann Georg Goldammer, Fire Ecology Re­search Group, Max-Planck-Institute, Univer­sity of Freiburg, Germany

Robert M. Hamilton, IDNDR-Scientific and Technical Committee (Chair), Subcommittee on Natural Disasters Reduction, Commission on Geosciences, Environment and Resources,

* Affilitions valid at the time of the conference

American National Academy of Sciences, Na­tional Research Council, USA

Hans Kienholz, International Association of Geomorphology (lAG), Mountain Hazards Project, University of Bern, Switzerland

William H. K. Lee, U.S. Geological Survey, Men­lo Park, USA

Sir James Lighthill t, WMO/ICSU Tropical Cy­clone Disasters, University College London, United Kingdom

Isaac 0. Nyambok, University of Nairobi, Re­gional Center for the Global Seismic Hazard Assessment Program (GSHAP), Member of IDNDR-STC, Kenya

Raymundo S. Punongbayan, Philippine Institute of Volcanology & Seismology, Quezon City, Philippines

Robert I. Tilling, U.S. Geological Survey, Menlo Park, USA

Seiya Uyeda, RIKEN International Frontier Pro­gram, Tokai University, Earthquake Predic­tion Research Center, ICSU IDNDR Scientific Committee on Earthquake Research, Shimi­zu, Japan

Fritjof Voss, Technical University of Berlin, Dept. Geography, Germany

John Zillman, Dept. of Environment, Sport and Territories, Bureau of Meteorology, Mel­bourne, Australia

Programme Committee

Franz Wolfgang Eder, Division of Earth Sciences, UNESCO, Paris

Detlev Fromming, DWD German Weather Ser­vice, Germany

Gunter Holter, Deutscher Caritasverband, Ger­many

Terry Jeggle, UN-OCHA, IDNDR Secretariat, Geneva

826 EWC'98 Officers

Robert Landis, World Weather Watch Depart­ment, WMO, Geneva

Erich Plate, German National Committee for the IDNDR

Christoph Reigber, GeoForschungsZentrum Pots­dam, Germany

Alexander von Rom, Foreign Office of the Fed­eral Republic of Germany

Hermann Schmitz-Wenzel, German National Committee for the IDNDR and IDNDR Sci­entific and Technical Committee

Wolfgang Steinborn, Deutsches Zentrum fiir Luft- und Raumfahrt (DLR), Germany

Gerd Tetzlaff, Meteorological Institute, Univer­sity of Leipzig, Germany

Herman Th. Verstappen, ICSU-SC/IDNDR, IGU, International Institute for Aerospace Survey & Earth Sciences, The Netherlands

Jochen Zschau (Chairman), GeoForschungsZen­trum Potsdam, Germany

Local Organising Committee

Jochen Zschau (Chairman), GeoForschungsZen­trum Potsdam, Germany

Erich Plate, German National Committee for the IDNDR, Germany

Christian Eikenberg, German National Commit­tee for the IDNDR, Germany

Peter Bormann, GeoForschungsZentrum Pots­dam, Germany

Andreas Kiippers, GeoForschungsZentrum Pots­dam, Germany

Kingsley S. Peiris, GeoForschungsZentrum Pots­dam, Germany

Author Index

Abiodun, Adigun Ade 791 Aguilar, A. 441 Ahrens, Wilfried 305, 579 Akhand, Monowar Hossain 49 Alcantar, F. 441 Alexander, William J. R. 311 Alusa, Alexander L. 27 Ambar, Brahim 619 Ammann, Walter 569 Anderson, David 379 Anderson, Peter S. 85 Arakelyan, Fridrikh 715 Arino, 0. 7 45 Arzoumanian, Valery G. 487 Asmus, V. 241 Axhemi, Sokol 103 Ayadi, Abdelhakim 495

Balassanian, S. Yu 487 Baumgartner, Michael F. 247 Baur, Michael 471 Beard, Grant 375 Behr, Jeff 709 Benesch, W. 763 Berridge, Cyril E. 797 Berz, Gerhard 95 Blackford, Michael E. 535 Brabec, Bernhard 569 Briess, K. 633 Buchholz, Georg 585, 593 Buongiorno, Alessandra 7 45 Bussay, Attila 351

Carby, Barbara E. 811 <;:elebi, Mehmet 709 Chen, Shyn-Chin 609 Chen, Chen-Chun 461 Cheze, Jean-Luc 277 Chu, Jean J. 479 Chub, V. E. 579 Chung, Jen-Kung 461

Col, Jeanne-Marie 479 Craig, Andrew R. 271

de Hoedt, Graham 375 Delica, Zenaida G. 37 Doi, Keiji 447, 537 Downing, Thomas E. 319 Dybkowska-Stefek, Dorota 283

Elsberry, Russell L. 167 Elvidge, Christopher 641 Erdik, Mustafa 433 Ergiinay, Oktay 433 Erzinger, Joerg 511 Espinosa-Aranda, Juan Manuel

409, 441

Fair, Kerry A. 271 Fiedrich, Frank 471 Flotron, Andre 565 Fujita, Haruhiro 641 Fujioka, F. 609 Funk, Martin 565

Gartsman, Boris I. 253 Goldammer, Johann G. 585,

593 Golomolzin, Victor V. 7 41 Gorelkin, Nicolay E. 579 Grassl, Hartmut 367 Griesser, Lothar 719 Gritzner, Christian 625 Gross, Edward M. 67 Gunther, Thilo 259 Gupta, Manu 199 Gutierrez, Dante R. 543 Gutknecht, Dieter 265

Hakobyan, Hrahat 715 Hamilton, Robert M. 405 Heikinheimo, Martti 645

Helloco, Fran~ois 277 Herland, Einar-Arne 649 Higareda, R. 441 Hoang, Minh Hien 781 Hoti, Mahir 103 Hsiao, Nai-Chi 461 Hudnut, Ken 709

Ibarrola, G. 441 Inostroza, M. 441 Ionescu, Constantin 471 Isikara, Mete 433

Jahn, Herbert 633 Jeggle, Terry 13 Jimenez, A. 441 Juang, H. 609

Kalsi, Sewa Ram 191, 199 Kanamitsu, M. 609 Karasyov, Mark S. 253 Kelha, Vaino 649 Kelly, Charles 345 Kerkmann, J. 763 Keusen, Hansruedi 565 Kienholz, Hans 555 Kithil, Richard 615 Kleindienst, Hannes 247 Kondo, Hiroki 369 Koop, Neville Louis 185 Kotelnikov, Victor 791 Krabel, Eckhardt 601 Kravtsov, Yurii A. 741 Krejsa, Peter 657 Kron, Wolfgang 95 Kudashev, Efim B. 7 41 Kuendig, C. 719 Kuo, Kai-Wen 461

Landis, Robert C. 71 Lee, Willy H. K. 409

828 Author Index

Lee Man Yan, M. 209 Lehning, Michael 569 Li, Ji-Xun 15 Lighthill, Sir James t 203 Lin, Rong Hui 481 Lohi, Anssi 649 Lomnitz, Cinna 425 Lorenz, E. 633 Liihr, Birger-Gottfried 527

Makhutov, Nikolai 107 Maldonado, S. 441 Malitz, Gabriele 259 Martell, David L. 593 Martirossyan, Artak H. 487 McKenzie, Ronnie S. 271 Meister, Roland 569 Mildner, Stefan 127 Munzer, Ulrich 515

Nakamura, Yutaka 453, 693 Narasimhan, Bhu Var Ahan

357 Neumeister, Helmut 763 Niedek, Inge 73 Nielsen, Ole 393 Niesche, Hartmut 289

Oertel, Dieter 633 Omulo, Monica 33 Oncescu, Mihnea C. 471

Papadimitriou, Achilleas G. 727

Papadopoulos, Gerassimos A. 549

Patabendi, Prabhath 807 Plummer, Neil 375

Pollonais, Steve R. 801 Prasad, Vikash 185 Prescott, Will 709 Prokaheva, V. 241 Purbawinata, M.A. 527

Rashid, Abdur 337 Renner, Udo 601 Resch, Florian 585 Ritchie, Jack 609 Roads, John 609 Rosenthal, Wolfgang 283 Russi, Tom 569 Ruwwe, Thomas 769

Saenz Segreda, Lorena 119 Saita, Jun 453 Salas Calvo, Jose Manuel 113 Saltbones, J0rgen 393 Schmidt, Hans Secher 817 Sch6ttler, Horst 89 Scott, John C. 81 Seibold, Eugen 3 Sharakhmanyan, Michail A.

741 Sharma, Anshu 77 Shimizu, Yoshihisa 701 Shin, Tzay-Chyn 461 Smolka, Anselm 95 Stefansson, Ragnar 521 Stein, Ross 709 Steinborn, Wolfgang 769 Stockdale, Tim 379 Sukhyar, R. 527

Takahashi, Kunihiro 701 Tilling, Robert I. 505 Todini, Ezio 215

Tondre, Fran~oise 465 Trehin, Y. 763 Trinh, Phan Trong 753 Tsai, Yi-Ben 461 Twigg, John 19

Usachev, Vladimir 241

Vaghjee, Ranjitrai R. 209 Venalainen, Ari 645 Veneziano, Daniele 727 Vidal, Jean-Jacques 277 Voigt, Stefan 247 Volkov, A. 241 Voss, Frithjof 601

Wang, Ang-Sheng 399 Wang, Zhen-Yao 15 Washington, Richard 319 Weber-Diefenbach, Klaus 515 Wegmann, Matthias 565 Wenzel, Friedemann 471 Westerhaus, Malte 527 Wieland, M. 719 Wilson, Steve 709 Wood, Helen M. 73 7 Wu, Yih-Min 461

Yal~in, M.N. 433 Yamazaki, Fumio 675

Zatsarinnyi, Vladimir 107 Zehner, C. 7 45 Zheng, Yuan-Chang 15 Zhukov, B. 633 Zillman, John W. 135 Zimmer, Martin 511 Zschau, Jochen 433, 527

Subject Index

A abnormal temperatures 98 above-water catastrophe 107 accelerograph network 461 ff. acceptance 305 ff. accessibility 817 ff. accidents with dangerous

goods 91 accuracy 28, 96 acid rain 137 ACTION-AID 34 ADA see Americans with Disability

Act advanced Earth observation capabil-

ities 769 ff. Aegean Sea 549 ff. aeronautic catastrophe 107 Aerosonde 149 aerospace system 108 affordability 817 ff. afforestation 105 Africa 319 ff. aftershock information 450 age 113 aging population 81 agricultural practices 114 agrometeorological service 139 agrometeorology 351 ff. air pollution 157 air quality hazard 137 air quality monitoring 157 air routes 158 airborne particle 158 alarm clock 91 alarm plan 100 alarmism 121 Albania 103 ff. alert system 119 algal outbreak 137 Algeria 495 ff. Algier 495 American Meteorological

Society 77 Americans with Disability Act 82 AMS see American Meteorological

Society Andrew (hurricane) 97 anemometer 54 animal quarantine 18 anticyclone 140 antiseismic building 105 APAN see Asia Pacific Advanced

Network

appropriate response 98 Aral Sea 305 ff. Armenia 487ff., 715ff. ashfall 100 Asia Pacific Advanced Net-

work 641 ff. assessment of danger 110 assessment of risk 110 asteroid impact 625 ff. atmosphere-hydrosphere disas-

ters 399 ff. atmospheric phenomena 16,

138 atmospheric prediction

model 141 atmospheric profiler 157 atomic power 108 Australia 375 ff. Australian Drought Watch Ser-

vice 159 automated system 112 automated traffic systems 98 automatic earthquake informa-

tion 461 ff. automatic management 453 automatic nation-wide warning sys-

tem 92 Automatic Weather Station 149 avalanche 4, 103, 569 ff. aviation weather service 139 awareness 35, 49, 98, 99 AWS see Automatic Weather Sta­

tion

B Bangladesh 49 ff. Bangladesh cyclone 21 Bay of Bengal 7 behaviour 19 Benedict XIV 4 Benfield Greig Hazard Research

Centre 24 benzene 158 bible 3 blind 81 blizzard 136 blowing snow 137 Brandenburg 289 ff. brown haze 137 Bucharest 100, 471 ff. building code 98 bullet train 453 bush fire 136

(

California 100 capacity and vulnerability analy-

sis 44 capacity building 144 carbon monoxide 158 casualties 60 cave collapse 18 CBO see Community Based Organi-

zations CD see civil defence 93 chaotic process 5 chaotic response 22 chaotic slope 105 chemical catastrophe 107 chemical injury 107 chemical pollution 107 Chile 543 ff. China 15 ff., 399 ff. city gas network 701 ff. civil defence 92 clean-air room 98 climate change 162 Climate Information and Prediction

Services 160 climate service 139 climatic hazard 137 CLIPS see Climate Information and

Prediction Services cold snap 137 cold wave 13 7 communication broken down 53 community based approach 152 Community Based Organiza-

tions 35 community education 144 community feedback 147 community involvement 162 community mobilisation 37 community needs 61 community organization 114 community response 20 community response 147 community understanding 163 Comte, Auguste 6 concept of partnership 163 concept of vulnerability 121 conflagration 157 confuse 71 consumer choice 25 contusion 103 convention of the World Meteoro­

logical Organization 139

830 Subject Index

Cooper, J.D., MD 454 cosmic technology 105 cost 30 cost, minimizing of 98 Costa Rica 113 ff., 119 ff. counter disaster planning 44 coupled ocean-atmosphere mod-

el 369 ff. credibility 73 critical facilities 95, 100 critical information 67 crop disease 15, 18, 137 cross-cultural communication

23 cultural factor 121 cultural obstacles 305 ff. cultural pattern 113 culture of purdah 21 currents 137 cyclone 6, 49, 51, 52 cyclone Hugo see hurricane Hugo cyclone intensity changes 203 ff. cyclone preparedness 50 cyclone shelter 50, 56 cyclone track 52 cyclone warning 49 cyclonic storm 807 ff.

D dam 17, 105 damage 15 damage estimation

system 701 ff. dangerous lake 579 ff. data collection 14 7 deaf 81 debris flow 8 decreased mobility 81 deforestation 114 degradation of land 103 degraded vegetation 105 Delhi 77 desert locust 619 ff. desertification 15 deterministic attitude 60 devastating cyclone 53 developed country 18, 98 developing country 98, 791 ff. development aggression 40 deviated object 105 DIS see Disaster Impact Assess-

ment disability 81 disability, mental 81 disability, physical 81 disaster awareness 57 disaster forecast 16 Disaster Impact Assessment 60 disaster insurance 96 disaster management 4, 44, 49, 57,

769 ff. disaster monitoring

network 17 disaster need capacity assess-

ment 44 disaster preparedness 56 disaster response 44 disaster situation 119 disaster warning 16

dissemination 449 dissemination, effective 209 ff. donor funds 33 Doppler radar 155 downfall 107 drifting buoys 157 drought 15, 40, 51, 97, 137, 319 ff.,

351 ff. drought management 357 ff. Drought Mitigation Centre 86 duststorm 13 7

E Earth monitoring 641 ff. earthquake 3, 5, 6, 97, 99, 405 ff.,

409 ff., 425 ff., earthquake disaster 425, 453 ff. earthquake of Lisbon 4 earthquake prediction 18, 100 earthquake related technological

risk 675 ff. earthquake vulnerability estima­

tion 693ff. earthquake, frequency of 7 ECMWF see European Centre for

Medium-Range Weather Fore­casts

economic attraction 77 economic condition 114 economic costs 142 economic loss 96 economic regulations 112 ecosystem 31 education 35 educational material 145 educational programme 144 EIA see Environmental Impact As­

sessment El Nifio 3, 28, 33, 77, 367f., 369ff.,

375ff., 379ff. El Nifio Southern Oscillation 29 electronic networks 85 elevator 100 emergency action 99 emergency equipment 99 emergency generator 100 emergency management 67 emergency planning 67 emergency warning 16 energy supply 95 ENSO see El Nino Southern Oscilla-

tion environmental context 27 environmental hazard 585 ff. Environmental Impact Assess-

ment 60 environmental service 139 environmental significance 31 epicentral azimuth 456 epicentral distance 453 epidemic 40, 51 erosion 4, 103, 137 ERS-2 7 45 ff. eruption 37 eruption warning 505 ff. Eurasian plate 447 Europe 379ff. European Centre for Medium-Range

Weather Forecasts 379ff.

European Warning System 465 ff.

evacuation 18, 44f., 81 event warning 99 explosion 107 extreme runoff 265 ff.

F false alarm 21, 49, 454 famine 319ff., 345ff. fast ice 137 fatalism 96 fatalistic attitude 60 fatality 96 fate 50 faulty prediction 6 Federal Emergency Management

Agency 86 FEMA see Federal Emergency Man-

agement Agency (U.S.A.) financial risk 98 fine particle matter 158 Finland 649 ff., 645 ff. fire 91 fire hazard 585 ff. fire weather 136, 609 ff. fishkill 40 flash flood 40, 137, 277ff. flood 3f, 40, 49, 51, 77, 95, 97, 99,

311 ff. flood control system 98 flood disaster management 7 69 ff. flood disaster monitoring 781 ff. flood forecasting 215 ff. flood plain risk concept 253 ff. flood planning 215, 226ff. flood protection 259 ff. flood warning 247 ff. flood warning technology 811 ff. flow prediction model 271 ff. fluvial erosion 103 fog 137 food 4, 87 food security 319ff. foot and mouth disease vec-

tors 158 forest fire 15, 18, 104, 136 forest fire automatic alert 649 ff. forest fire detection 649 ff. forest fire index calculation sys-

tem 649ff. formulation 150 France 277 ff. freezing drizzle 137 freezing rain 137 frost 137 fuel reduction burns 158 fundamental science 3 future technology 817ff.

G gale 137 Garonne 277ff. GDIN see Global Disaster Informa­

tion Network GDPS see Global Data Processing

System gender 113 geochemical monitoring 511 ff.

GeoForschungsZentrum Pots­dam 433, 466, 511, 527

Geographic Information Sys-tem 60, 155, 753 ff.

Geography 345 ff. geological disaster 99 geological disaster monitoring sta-

tion 18 geological hazard 405 ff., 753 ff. Geological survey 8 Geomorphologic risk 103 Georges (hurricane) 98 Geotectonic position 103 German Television 73 Germany 73f., 89 ff., 259 ff., 283 f. GFMC see Global Fire Monitoring

Center GFZ see GeoForschungsZentrum

Potsdam GIS see Geographic Information

System 60 GIS see Geographic Information

System GISELE 277 ff. glacial explosion 104 glacial lake outburst 2lf. glacial overflow 103 Global Data Processing System 130 Global Disaster Information Net-

work 14 Global Fire Monitoring Center 585 global information system 337ff. Global Observing System 129 Global Positioning System 156 Global Telecommunication Sys-

tem 130 global warming 3 god 3 goods in harbors 100 GOS see Global Observing System government, role of 71 GPS see Global Positioning System GPS measurement 495 ff. GPS monitoring 709 ff. grass fire 136 grass roots 24 grasshoppers 137 grassland fire 15 Great Hanshin Earthquake 97,

675 ff. Greece 549 ff. greenhouse 162 ground motion 455 growth, economic 5 growth, population 3 GTS see Global Telecommunication

System Guadeloupe 6 Gujarat cyclone 199 ff.

H Haicheng 6 hail 137 hailstone 5, 16 Hamburg storm surge 100 Hamilton, Sir William 4 hard of hearing 81 hazard detection 147 hazard map 6, 43 ff.

hazard perception 9 hazard prediction 147 hazard preparedness 99 hazard risk perception 20 hazard taxonomy 139 hazardous weather conditions 137 heat wave 137 heavy rain 16 high risk area 46 high temperature event 633 ff. high-risk volcano 511, 527 high-tech facilities 100 high-vulnerability items 98 historical memory 122 Hokuriku Shinkansen 458 hot spot 157 household 319 ff. Hugo see hurricane Hugo human behaviour 10 human caused forest fire 593 ff. human diseases 87 human factor 19 human-made disasters see man-

made disasters 40 humidity 98 Hungary 351 ff. hurricane 100, 137 hurricane Andrew 97 hurricane Caesar 114 Hurricane Center 86 hurricane Georges 98 hurricane Hugo 95, 100 hurricane Joan 120 hydro-meteorological risk con-

cept 253ff. hydro-meteorological tools 259 hydro-metric station 17 hydrologic experimental station 17 hydrologic station 17 hydrological hazard 135 hydrological service 139 hydro meteorological hazard 127 ff. hypocentral depth 453

IABM see International Association of Broadcast Meteorology

ICAO 141 ice, breaking off 565 ff. iceberg 137 Iceland 515ff., 52lff. identifying populations 81 ideological factor 121 IDNDR see International Decade for

Natural Disaster Reduction imaging 9 IMO see International Maritime Or-

ganization inadequate use of soils 115 incredulity 123 India 191 ff., 199ff., 357ff. indigenous knowledge 23 Indonesia 511 ff., 527 ff. infestation 40 information database 112 information dissemination 147 information highway 69 information issuance proce-

dure 449

Subject Index 831

initiative 98 injury 96 insect pest 15 institutional development 337 ff. insurable 100 insurance 3, 99 insurance company 98 insurance industry 95, 98 insurance sector 95 insurance, commercial 100 insured loss 95f. integrated space strategy 737 ff. integrated warning component 91 integrative alert, warning and infor-

mation system 92 intelligent alarm system 453 Intergovernmental Oceanographic

Commission 141 Intergovernmental Panel on Climate

Change 162 International Association of Broad­

cast Meteorology 68, 73 f., 77 International Civil Aviation Organi­

zation International Civil Avia­tion 141

International Decade for Natural Disaster Reduction 13

International Maritime Organiza­tion 141

International Red Cross 34 International Seismological Cen-

ter 448 international warning centre 162 Internet 85 Internet examples 86 interruption of business 100 interruption of production 100 interruption of public life 100 IOC see Intergovernmental Oceano-

graphic Commission IPCC see Intergovernmental Panel

on Climate Change issue of warnings 7 4 Istanbul 100, 433 ff. Italy 215ff.

Jamaica 8ll ff. Japan 369ff., 447ff., 641, 727ff. Japan Meteorological

Agency 447 ff. Japan Railways (JR) 100, 454ff. JMA see Japan Meteorological

Agency Joetsu Shinkansen 458 just-in-time production 98

K key elements 31 Kipling, Rudyard 8 Kobe earthquake see Great Hanshin

Earthquake

L La Nifia 28 labour repression 40 lahar 43 lake ice 137 lake monitoring 579 ff.

832 Subject Index

land erosion 51 land management 157 land reclamation 104 land-use planning 99 landslide 4, 15, 40, 97, 99, 137 landslide generation 8 landslide monitoring 18 lava stream 100 lead time 95, 100, 144 learning disability 83 legal regulations 112 legislative basis 112 Leibniz, Gottfried Wilhelm 4 levee 98 level of protection 99 level of sophistication 163 life insurance 100 lifeline system 98, 100 lightning 137 lightning detection network 157 lightning hazard 615 ff. local administration 60 logistic model 593 ff. long-term forecast 16 long-term loss reduction 100 long-term strategy 163 longitudinal fault 104 loss 95, 114 loss of cattle 51 loss of crop 51 loss of life 51, 56, 96, 163 loss of property 51, 56, 96, 163 loss prevention 95 loss reduction 99, 98 loss reduction capabilitiy 100 loss reduction triangle 97 loss regulation 101 loss, economic 96 loss, increase in 96 loss, insured 96, 100 loss, material 99 low cloud 13 7 low flow conditions 137 low pass filter 454 low vision 81

M magical thinking 120 magnitude 453 Manibaug-Libutad (Philip-

pines) 42f. map 112 mapping 7 marine hazard 137 marine weather service 139 mass media 122 mass movement 5 f. material loss 99 mathematical theory 108 Mauritius 209 ff. Medecins Sans Frontieres 34 media 73 media campaign 146 medium-term prediction 16 megacity 741 ff. megaphone 55 Mekong delta 781 ff. mental impairment 82 Merapi volcano 511 ff., 527 ff.

meteorological hazard 125 meteorological model 24 7 ff. meteorological observation 16 Mexico City 100, 441 ff. mice 137 microsatellite 601 ff. migration 4 militarisation 40 military threat 91 mine exploration 104 mining 40 Mireille (typhoon) 98 Mississippi Flood 97 mistake of homologizing 115 mitigation of damage 160 mobility, increase of 95 modelling strategy 265 ff. molasse 103 monitoring network 16 monitoring system 120 monsoon 22, 51 montainous area 104 Montserrat 100 mortality rate 21 mountain hazard 555 ff. mud-rock flow 15 mudflow 4 f., 100 myth 120

N National Disaster Organisation

(Australia) 40, 47 national hydrological service 138 National Meteorological and Hydro­

logical Services 68 national meteorological ser-

vice 138 natural risk 103 natural-technogenic sphere llO nature-triggered disaster 40 NDO see National Disaster Organi­

sation neutrality 74 NGO see Non Governmental Organi­

sation NHS see national hydrological ser-

vice nice chat 73 nitrogen oxides 158 NMHS see National Meteorological

and Hydrological Services NMS see National Meteorological

Service NOAA see US National Oceanic and

Atmospheric Administration Noah 3 Non Governmental Organisa-

tion 22, 25, 33 normative-legal basis 112 North Sea 95 Northridge Earthquake 97 Norway 393 ff. Nowcast 452 noxious weeds 18 nuclear catastrophe 107 nuclear plant 4 nuclear power plant 715ff.,

719ff. numerical weather prediction 67

0 Oder flood (see also Odra Riv­

er) 93, 289ff., 769ff. Odra River (see also Oder

flood) 95, 283 ff. official source of warning informa­

tion 163 Open Partial Agreement (EUR-

OPA) 465ff. Orange River 271 ff. organization of knowledge l19 overvoltage 98 overwarning 154 OXFAM see Oxford Committee for

Famine Relief OXFAM International 34 Oxford Committee for Famine Re­

lief 34 ozone 158

p P-wave 453, 462 f. Pacific plate 447 pack ice 137 participative research 124 Pasadena UrEDAS 459 peak danger period 60 People's Organisation 37 perception 113 perception of risk 121 pest 18 pest invasion 137 pest plague 601 ff. Philippine Sea plate 447 Philippines 37ff. photochemical smog 158 physical vulnerability 116 PI value 455 f. Pinatubo, Mt. 37f. plant erosion correlation 105 plant quarantine 18 plate boundary 5 f. plate motion survey 495 ff. plate tectonics 6 PO see People's Organisation poisonous gas release 137 Poland 283 ff. political obstacles 305 ff. pollution 98 population density 50 population increase 95 population pressure 77 post -disaster activities 142 post-disaster assessment 147 post-disaster support 147, 153 poverty 21 power outage 100 pucipitation data 216ff. precipitation observation sta-

tion 16 precipitation station 17 precursor 6, 18 predictability 143, 218ff. prediction 3, 5 f., 9, 99, 425 prediction accuracy 16 predominant frequency estima-

tion 455f. pregnancy 82 preparedness 30, 46, 52, 98 f.

preparedness action 81, 144 preparedness education 72 prevention 98, 425 probabilistic theory of risks 108 prognosis system 105 property insurance 100 protection measure 99 protection structure 98 protective virgin 120 pseudovolcano 104 psychological effect 101 psychological intervention 118 psychological work 113, 121 psychosocial factors 114 public address system 56 public awareness 144 public communication 67, 71, 73 public education 3, 163 purdah 21 pyroclastic flow 7, 100

R Rabaul 100 radar 155 radar wind observation station 16 radio 91 radio station 43 radio-meteorological station 16 Radio/Warning information sys-

tem 91 radioactive cloud 158 radioactive fallout 137 radioactive injury 107 radioactive pollution 107 railway 51 rainfall prediction 319 ff. rapid damage assessment 657 ff. reaction to warning 9 real-time 95, 215 ff. real-time monitoring 8 recommended action 150 recovery 142 Red Crescent 60, 465 Red Cross 60, 465 red tide 40 refugees, movement of 95 reinsurance 98 reliability 60 relief service 99 religious values 60 remote sensing 753 ff. reservoir 17, 98 respiratory disorder 82 response 311 ff. response factors 80lff. response strategy 113 response time 144 responsibility 77 retention basin 98 risk assessment 143 risk concept 253 ff. risk guideline 454 risk information message 146 risk management strategy 122 risk map 3, 7 risk perception 19 f. risk scenario 38 risk situation 114 risk-response measure 109

river erosion 51 river flood 4, 7, 9 river ice 137 river port 54 road ice 137 rock fall 5 rock masses, breaking off 565 ff. rodent 18 Romania 471 ff. routine monitoring 147 Rush ATSR Fire Product 7 45 ff. Russia 107 ff., 253 ff., 719 ff.,

741 ff. rye grass pollen 158

s S-wave 455 ff. SAF Concept 763 ff. sandstorm 137 satellite data products 763 ff. satellite monitoring 241 ff. satellite technique 737ff., 741ff. scarcity of water 51 school prevention pro-

gramme 441 ff. science/policy interface 31 scientific limitations 28 sea ice 15, 137 sea level change 17 sea port 53 seasonal prediction 3 7 5 ff. seismic alert system 441 ff. seismic hazard 521 seismic intensity 448 ff., 452 Seismic Intensity Meter 449 seismic macro zoning 100 seismic microzoning 100 seismic wave 9 seismicity 104 seismometer 450 f., 454 ff. self-evacuation 448 sensationalism 122 severe flood 311 ff. severe storm 154 severe weather 53 shaking 98 shale 103 Shinkansen 454ff., 727ff. short term actions 31 short term prediction 8 short term warning 7 short term prediction 16 shutting down 100 Siberia 593 SIGNAL 701 ff. simulation model I 00 single official issuing author-

ity 152 siren 55, 91 siren warning system 91 sleet 137 slide 103 slope instability 5 slope process 103 slope stability 5 small catchment 265 ff. small island state 791 ff. small island state 807 ff. smog 137

Subject Index 833

smoke haze 137 smoke plume 157 snow 137 snowmelt forecasting 247 ff. snowsquall 137 snowstorm 137 social class 113 social context 20 social costs 142 social factor 121 social science 116 social vulnerability 116 social vulnerability 1 13 soil erosion 158 solifluction 103 SOS Sahel 25 South Africa 271 ff. Southwest Pacific 185 ff. Soviet design nuclear power

plant 719ff. space catastrophe 107 space-borne 633 ff. special assistance 81 special needs 81 special population 68 Spitak earthquake 487 squall 137 squally weather 53 squally winds 54 Sri Lanka 807 ff. standardisation 452 standing order 61 storm forecast model 99 storm spotter 149 storm surge 49, 51, 95, 97, 99 storm warning signal 53 storm wave 51 strategic intervention 30 strengthening devices 99 stroke 82 strong wind 16 structural failure 101 structural measure 99 structural risk 10 1 structure monitoring 709 ff. subglacial eruption 515ff. submarine catastrophe 107 sulphur dioxide 158 suppression operations 157 sustainable development 71, 163 swell 137 Switzerland 247 ff., 555 ff., 565 ff.,

569ff.

T Taipei 100 Taiwan 461 ff. TCP see Tropical Cyclone Pro-

gramme technical disaster 91 technical requirements 817 technogenic accident, classifica-

tion 107 technogenic catastrophe 107 technogenic emergency situa-

tion 107 technogenic sphere 110 technological hazard 657ff. technological risk 675 ff.

834 Subject Index

technology transfer 811 ff. technology, appropriate 337 ff. Teito Rapid 458 temporary impairment 82 theory of control and

forecast 108 Third World 19 thunderstorm 5, 137 tidal wave 51 f., 96, 447 ff. tide observation 17 Tobago 80 Iff. Tohoku Shinkansen 454 ff., 727 ff. Tokai earthquake 450 Tokaido Shinkansen 454 ff. tornado 16, 40, 51, 137 total observing network 147 tourists 81 toxic organic compound 158 track forecast 167 ff., 203 ff. train 100 training 43f., 46, 217, 453 transients 81 transversal fault 104 traumatic injury 82 Trinidad 801 ff. tropical cyclon 4, 7, 16, 40, 137,

167ff., 209ff., 80lff., 807ff. Tropical Cyclone Programme 132 tropical domain prediction mod-

el 154 tropical storm 3, 9, 167ff. Tropical Storm Watch 86 truth 122 tsunami 4, 9, 86, 97, 137, 447ff.,

453 ff., 535 ff., 543 ff., 549 ff. tsunami disaster 453 ff. tsunami forecast 448 turbulence 137 Turkey 433 ff. typhoon 17, 23, 137 typhoon Mireille 98

u UN General Assembly see United

Nations General Assembly underwarning 150 UNDP see United Nations Develop­

ment Programme UNEP see United Nations Environ­

mental Programme

UNESCO see United Nations Educa­tional, Scientific and Cultural Or­ganisation

United Nations Development Pro­gramme 78

United Nations Educational, Scien­tific and Cultural Organisa-tion 13 f., 465

United Nations Environmental Pro­gramme 34

United Nations General Assem-bly 13

United States of America 167 ff. urban air pollution 137 UrEDAS 453 ff. US Geological Survey 505 ff. US National Oceanic and Atmo-

spheric Administration 77, 82 usable science 31 UV-B radiation exposure 137 Uzbekistan 579 ff.

v velocity 8 Vietnam 753 ff., 781 ff. Virgin of Los Angeles 120 vision loss 81 visual impairment 81 volcanic activity 6, 40 volcanic ash 137, 158 volcanic eruption 3, 6, 9, 97, 99 f.,

521 ff. volcano 86 volcano monitoring 505 ff. volunteer 45, 52, 55, 149 vulnerability 5 vulnerability analysis 143 vulnerability assessment 27, 29 vulnerability estimation 693 ff. vulnerability of cities 162 vulnerability of persons 113 vulnerable community 20, 811 ff. vulnerable population 30

w walkie-talkie 17 WAR! see Radio/Warning informa­

tion system(Germany) warning formulation 147 warning message 63

warning network 91 warning service 91 warning signal 43 warning system strategy 136 waterlogging 15 waterspout 137 wave 52, 137 WCNDR see World Conference on

Natural Disaster Reduction weather forecast 16 weather forecasting system 49 Weather Information

network 86 weather radar 9 weather station 16 weather-watch radar 155 WeatherNet 86 wet surface 105 wheelchair 82 whiteout 137 WHO see World Health Organiza-

tion wildfire management 585 ff. wildfire smoke 158 wildland fire 86 wind direction 54 wind gust 13 7 wind speed 54 winter storm 97, 136 WMO see World Meteorological Or­

ganization wording 150 World Conference on Natural Disas­

ter Reduction 86 World Health Organization 465 f. World Meteorological Organiza­

tion 13, 33, 77, 16, 33, 125 ff. World Weather Watch Sys­

tem 125 ff. WWW system see World Weather

Watch System

y Yamuna River 77 Yangtse summerflood 7 Yerevan 487

z ZDF see German Television