offshore lifting for subsea equipment
TRANSCRIPT
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Offshore Lifting for Subsea Equipment
Muhammad
Naval Architect
Braemar Technical Services Offshore
BREAEMAR
OFFSHORE
16th September 2014
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Content
• General Light lift
Heavy lift
Lifting Capacity Checks
• Rule/Code (DNV-RP-H103) Lifting Through Wave Zone
Deepwater Lowering Operation
Landing on Seabed and Retrieval
• Practice in Offshore Industries
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General
• Equipment : Crane, Crane Vessel, Transport Vessel, Lifted Object
• Main consideration:
Clearence :• Between lifted object and crane boom
• Between crane boom and any other object/structure
• Between the lifted object and any other object/structure
• Between the underside of the lifted object and grillage or seafastening • Bottom of crane vessel and the seabed (at shallow water)
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General
• Light Lift
• Heavy Lift
• Lift off the Object
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General
• Light Lift
Crane Tip Motion
• Crane boom assumed to be stiff, therefore crane tip motion canbe determined from wave induced rigid body motion.
• Surge, sway & heave = RAO of the vessel in 6 DOF (at COG)
• Response amplitude ( ct ), velocity (V ct ), eigenperiod (T 0r )
o Analytical solution
o Equation are available at DNV-RP-H103 Chapter 9.
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General
• Light Lift
Hydrodynamic Interaction
For the case of:A. The presence of other fixed or floating structure in the
vicinity of the vessel Recalculate RAO of the vessel:
B. Lifting from or to transport vessel/barge recalculate RAO
for both vessel (coupled 12 DOF)
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General
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• Heavy Lift
– Equipment: Semi-submersible Crane Vessel (SSCV) & computer
controlled ballast system
– Lift-off operation for bow-mounted crane:• Pre-trimmed to stern up
• Pre-hoist operation:
– transferrinig 80% of the load from the barge to the SSCV
– The barge and SSCV oscilate together as a almost rigid system
in vertical direction
– Ballast operation to reverse the trim
– Load is lifted 4-5 m within 90 second 5 cm/s
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General
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• Heavy Lift
Motion analysis
• 12 DOF ( 6 DOF from SSCV + 6 DOF from the barge)• After lift-off : 18 DOF (6DOF extra from the object)
– Lifted object + SSCV + Barge coupled each other
– Horizontal motion of lifted object critical
• Time domain analysis
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General
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• Heavy Lift
Motion analysis- Coupled Dynamic Motioin
• Neglect rotation motion of lifted object
12 DOF become 9 DOF
• Mass matrix, spring matrix and response motion analysis refer
to part 9.3.3
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General
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• Lift off The Object
Side-by-side position: relative motion between the crane hook and
the barge
Feasibility of lift-off operation:
• The hoisting speed of the crane (depends on the weight of the object to be
lifted, a lower limit is usually taken to be in the order of 0.1 m/s).
• The combined motion characteristics of the barge and the crane vessel.
• The weather condition, combined with the orientation of the two vessels.
Probability of barge hitting lifted object : analytical solution.
available at part 9.5.2
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Content
• General Light lift
Heavy lift
Lifting Capacity Checks
• Rule/Code (DNV-RP-H103) Lifting Through Wave Zone
Deepwater Lowering Operation
Landing on Seabed and Retrieval
• Practice in Offshore Industries
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Lifting Capacity Checks
• Reference : (DNV Rules for Marine Operation 1996, Pt. 2 Ch. 5)
Dynamic loads, lift in air
Crane Capacity Rigging capacity (slings, shackles, etc.)
Structural steel capacity(lifted object, lifting points, spreader bars, etc.)
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Lifting Capacity Checks
• Dynamic loads (DAF) for Lift in Air
DAF in air may be caused by e.g. variation in
hoisting speeds or motions of crane vessel andlifted object.
The given table is applicable for offshore lift in air
in minor sea states, typically Hs <2-2.5m.
DAF must be estimated separately for lifts in air at
higher seastates and for subsea lifts !
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Lifting Capacity Checks
• Dynamic loads (DAF) for Lift in Air
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Lifting Capacity Checks
• Crane Capacity
DHL = DAF*(W+Wrig) + F(SPL)
– W is the weight of the structure, including a weight inaccuracy factor
– The DHL should be checked against available crane capacity.
– The crane capacity decrease when the lifting radius increase.
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Lifting Capacity Checks
• Rigging capacity (slings, shackles, etc.)
Sling Load• The maximum dynamic sling load, Fsling:
Fsling = DHL∙SKL∙kCoG∙DW / sin φ
Where:
SKL = Skew load factor → extra loading caused by equipment and
fabrication tolerances.
kCoG = CoG factor → inaccuracies in estimated position of centre ofgravity.
DW = vertical weight distribution → e.g. DWA = (8/15)∙(7/13) in sling
A.
φ = sling angle from the horizontal plane.
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Lifting Capacity Checks
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• Rigging capacity (slings, shackles, etc.)
– The sling capacity ”Minimum breaking load”, MBL, is checked by:
The safety factor is minimum sf ≥ 3.0.
– ”Safe working load”, SWL , and ” MBL , of the shackle are checked by :
Both criteria shall be fulfilled
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Lifting Capacity Checks
• Structural steel capacity – The load factor f = 1.3, is increased by a consequence factor, C =
1.3, so that total design factor, design , becomes:
– The design load acting on the lift point becomes:
– A lateral load of minimum 3% of the design load shall be included. This
load acts in the shackle bow !
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Lifting Capacity Checks
• Structural steel capacity
Other lifting equipment:
A consequence factor of C = 1.3 should be applied on lifting yokes,
spreader bars, plateshackles, etc.
Structural strength of Lifted Object:
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Lifting Capacity Checks
• Summary
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Content
• General Light lift
Heavy lift
Lifting Capacity Checks
• Rule/Code (DNV-RP-H103) Lifting Through Wave Zone
Deepwater Lowering Operation Landing on Seabed and Retrieval
• Practice in Offshore Industries
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OFFSHORE
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Rule/Code
• DNV-RP-H103 (Modelling and analysis of Marine Operation)
Lifting through wave zone
Deepwater lowering operation Landing on seabed and retrieval
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OFFSHORE
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Rule/Code
• Lifting through wave zone
Hydrodynamic forces General Method
Simplified Method
Stability of lifting operation
Snap forces
Moonpool operation
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Rule/Code
• Hydrodynamic Forces (General Method)
– General• Accurate prediction of design load during lowering/ retrieval
– Loads• Weight of object, Buoyancy force, Current force, viscous drag
force: analitical solution. Equation are available in part 3.2
• Inertia force due to moving object, Wave damping force, Waveexcitation force, Slamming force, vertical motion of lifted object:
numerical calculation in time domain
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Lifting Through Wave Zone (DNV-RP-H103)
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Rule/Code
• Hydrodynamic Forces (General Method)
Calculation methods• Simplified Method
• Regular design wave approach
– Shallow water effects are neglected.
– Fhyd = Fρ + Fm + Fs + Fd [N]
where : Fρ = varying buoyancy force [N], Fm = hydrodynamic mass force
[N], Fs = slamming impact force [N], Fd = hydrodynamic drag force [N]
• Time domain analyses
– 3 hours simulation period for each load case.
– 30 minutes simulation for sensitivity analysis
– CFD analysis
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OFFSHORE
Lifting Through Wave Zone (DNV-RP-H103)
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Rule/Code
• Hydrodynamic Forces (Simplified Method)
the Simplified Method is to give simple conservative
estimates of the forces acting on the object.
Main assumption:
• the horizontal extent of the lifted object is small compared to the wave
length
• the vertical motion of the object is equal the vertical crane tip motion
• vertical motion of object and water dominates → other motions can be
disregarded
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BREAEMAR
OFFSHORE
Lifting Through Wave Zone (DNV-RP-H103)
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Rule/Code
• Simplified Method – Time Domain Analysis –
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OFFSHORE
Lifting Through Wave Zone (DNV-RP-H103)
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Rule/Code
• Simplified Method – Crane Tip Motion –
– T crane tip Tn, Simplified method is unapplicable
– Heave, pitch and roll RAOs for the vessel should be combined with
crane tip position to find the vertical motion of the crane tip
– If operation reference period is within 30 minutes, the most probable
largest responses may be taken as 1.80 times the significant
responses.
– Unless the vessel heading is fixed, vessel response should be analysed
for wave directions at least ±15° off the applied vessel heading
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OFFSHORE
Lifting Through Wave Zone (DNV-RP-H103)
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Rule/Code
• Simplified Method – Wave Period –
There are two alternative approaches:
1. Wave periods are included:
Analyses should cover the following zero-crossing wave period range:
A lower limit of Hmax =1.8∙Hs=λ/7 with wavelength λ=g∙Tz2/2π is here used.
2. Wave period are disregarded:Operation procedures should in this case reflect that the calculations are only
valid for waves longer than:
– A lower limit of Hmax =1.8∙Hs=λ/10 with wavelength λ=g∙Tz2/2π is here used.
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OFFSHORE
Lifting Through Wave Zone (DNV-RP-H103)
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Rule/Code
• Simplified Method – Wave Kinematics –
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Lifting Through Wave Zone (DNV-RP-H103)
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Rule/Code
• Simplified Method – Hydrodynamic Forces –
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OFFSHORE
Lifting Through Wave Zone (DNV-RP-H103)
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Rule/Code
• Simplified Method – Hydrodynamic Forces –
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OFFSHORE
Lifting Through Wave Zone (DNV-RP-H103)
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Rule/Code
• Simplified Method – Hydrodynamic Forces –
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OFFSHORE
Lifting Through Wave Zone (DNV-RP-H103)
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Rule/Code
• Simplified Method – Added Mass –
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Lifting Through Wave Zone (DNV-RP-H103)
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Rule/Code
• Simplified Method – Added Mass –
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OFFSHORE
Lifting Through Wave Zone (DNV-RP-H103)
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Rule/Code
• Simplified Method – Added Mass –
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OFFSHORE
Lifting Through Wave Zone (DNV-RP-H103)
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Rule/Code
• Simplified Method – Added Mass –
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OFFSHORE
Lifting Through Wave Zone (DNV-RP-H103)
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Rule/Code
• Simplified Method – Added Mass –
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OFFSHORE
Lifting Through Wave Zone (DNV-RP-H103)
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Rule/Code
• Simplified Method – Load Cases Example –
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Lifting Through Wave Zone (DNV-RP-H103)
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Rule/Code
• Simplified Method – Load Cases Example –
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OFFSHORE
Lifting Through Wave Zone (DNV-RP-H103)
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Rule/Code
• Simplified Method – Static Weight –
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Lifting Through Wave Zone (DNV-RP-H103)
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Rule/Code
• Simplified Method – DAF –
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OFFSHORE
Lifting Through Wave Zone (DNV-RP-H103)
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Rule/Code
• Simplified Method – DAF –
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OFFSHORE
Lifting Through Wave Zone (DNV-RP-H103)
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Rule/Code
• Simplified Method – Slack Slings –
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OFFSHORE
Lifting Through Wave Zone (DNV-RP-H103)
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Rule/Code
• Simplified Method – Slack Slings –
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OFFSHORE
Lifting Through Wave Zone (DNV-RP-H103)
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Rule/Code
• Simplified Method – Summary –
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OFFSHORE
Lifting Through Wave Zone (DNV-RP-H103)
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Rule/Code
• Simplified Method – Summary –
The simplified method assumes that:• Vertical motion of structure is equal to the crane tip motion.
• The horizontal extension of the structure is small.
• Only vertical motion is present.
More accurate calculations can be performed
applying:• Regular design wave approach (Ch. 3.4.2)
• Time domain analyses
• CFD analyses
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OFFSHORE
Lifting Through Wave Zone (DNV-RP-H103)
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Rule/Code
• Lifting through wave zone
Hydrodynamic forces General Method
Simplified Method
Stability of lifting operation
Snap forces
Moonpool operation
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OFFSHORE
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Rule/Code
• Stability of Lifting Operation
Partly air-filled objects
• lifting of objects where the buoyancy is distributed differently
• If no other forces, object will rotate untill CB is above CG
• Lift wire must be above CF to avoid tilting
• Sling length adjustment required for horizontal landing on seabed
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OFFSHORE
Lifting Through Wave Zone (DNV-RP-H103)
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Rule/Code
• Stability of Lifting Operation
Effects of free water surface inside the object
• GB must be large enough to give :
up-righting moment > overturning moment (by water inside the
object)
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OFFSHORE
Lifting Through Wave Zone (DNV-RP-H103)
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Rule/Code
• Snap Force
• Moonpool Operation
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OFFSHORE
Lifting Through Wave Zone (DNV-RP-H103)
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Rule/Code
• DNV-RP-H103 (Modelling and analysis of Marine Operation)
Lifting through wave zone
Deepwater lowering operation Landing on seabed and retrieval
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BREAEMAR
OFFSHORE
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Rule/Code
• Deepwater Lowering Operation
Main consideration:
Stretched length of cable
Horizontal offset
Dynamics motion of lifted object
Methods for controlling vertical motion of lifted object
Static Forces
Dynamic Forces Heave Compensation
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OFFSHORE
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Rule/Code
• Deepwater Lowering Operation
Static Forces
• Stretched length of a cable
• Horizontal offset due to current
• Vertical displacement
• Vertical cable stiffness
• Horizontal stiffness
• Cable payout – quasi-static loads
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OFFSHORE
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Rule/Code
• Deepwater Lowering Operation
Dynamic Forces
• Dynamic drag forces
• Application
• Natural frequencies, straight vertical cable
• Eigen periods
• Longitudinal pressure waves
• Response of lifted object in a straight vertical cable exposed toforced vertical oscillations
• Slack cable conditions
• Horizontal motion response of lifted object in a straight vertical
cable
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OFFSHORE
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Rule/Code
• Deepwater Lowering Operation• DNV-RP-H103 chapter 5 contains a simplified method for establishing
dynamic loads and limiting weather criteria during deepwater lifting
operations.
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OFFSHORE
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Rule/Code
• Deepwater Lowering Operation
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OFFSHORE
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Rule/Code
• Deepwater Lowering Operation
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OFFSHORE
/C
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Rule/Code
• Deepwater Lowering Operation
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OFFSHORE
R l /C d
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Rule/Code
• Deepwater Lowering Operation
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OFFSHORE
R l /C d BREAEMAR
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Rule/Code
• Deepwater Lowering Operation
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OFFSHORE
R l /C d BREAEMAR
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Rule/Code
• Deepwater Lowering Operation
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OFFSHORE
R l /C d BREAEMAR
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Rule/Code
• DNV-RP-H103 (Modelling and analysis of Marine Operation)
Lifting through wave zone
Deepwater lowering operation
Landing on seabed and retrieval
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R l /C d BREAEMAR
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Rule/Code
• Landing On Seabed and Retrieval• Main consideration:
– Foundation failure shouldn’t take place
– Damage does not occur to acceleration sensitive equipment
• Landing on Seabed
– Landing impact problem definition
– Physical parameters and effects to be considered
– Iterative analysis procedure
– Simplified method for foundations without skirts
– Simplified method for foundations with skirts on soft soil
– Application of safety factors
– Calculation of skirt penetration resistance
• Installation by Suction and Levelling
• Retrieval Foundation
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C t t BREAEMAR
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Content
• General Light lift
Heavy lift
Lifting Capacity Checks
• Rule/Code (DNV-RP-H103) Lifting Through Wave Zone
Deepwater Lowering Operation Landing on Seabed and Retrieval
• Practice in Offshore Industries
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P ti i I d t i BREAEMAR
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Practice in Industries
• Case Studies:
Technip – Manifold and Spool Installation
Chevron Makassar – Franklin Offshore – Suction Pile Installation
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P ti i I d t i BREAEMAR
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Practice in Industries
• Technip - Manifold and Spool Installation -
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Preparation for Offshore Lifting
Structures : - Manifold 175 Te
- Spools (OD 4”, 6”, & 10”) Installation vessel : - Skandi Arctic (LOA 156.9 m)
- 400 Te box boom crane NOV
- 58 Te knuckle boom crane
Specific requirements : Presence of drill rig
Engineering tools : - Incident Analysis and Feedback (IAF)
- AutoCad- Simulation of Marine Operation (SIMO)
Installation analyses : - Splash Zone (slack sling, crane capacity),
- Crane tip motion for landing criteria
(position, velocity & acceleration)
- Ship Maneuvering Simulator Centre (SMSC)
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Practice in Industries
• Technip - Manifold and Spool Installation -
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Preparation for Offshore Lifting
Equipment on
vessel
: For controlling the load:
- Lift-off : Endless rope taglines (riggers)
- In air : Tagging towers with winches + Crane tugger winches
- Landing : Guidewire winches + Clumpweight
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Practice in Industries
• Technip - Manifold and Spool Installation –
Lifting offshore - Different phases of subsea lift
• Toolbox talk
• Seafastening
• Lift-off from deck
• Slewing / overboarding
• Through the splash zone
• Landing phase
• Recovery to deck
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P ti i I d t i BREAEMAR
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Practice in Industries
• Technip - Manifold and Spool Installation –
Lifting offshore - Different phases of subsea lift
• Toolbox talk
– Installation procedure / work plan
– Lift plan & rigging specifications drawing
– Deck layout
– Contingency operations
– Experiences from load-out
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P ti i I d t i BREAEMAR
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Practice in Industries
• Technip - Manifold and Spool Installation –
Important aspects when planning and executing offshore
lifts:
• Deck layout, slewing path
• Winches for controlling loads in air
• Crane capacity curves, also for recovery (alarm settings)
• Communication with offshore personnel
• Learn from mobilisation (crane settings, ballasting requirements, load
handling)
• HSE – Plan to avoid working at height and under suspended loads
• Contingencies plan
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Practice in Industries BREAEMAR
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Practice in Industries
• Chevron Makassar – Franklin Offshore
Suction Pile Installation
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Preparation for Offshore Lifting
Structures : Suction pile (to be installed)
Installation vessel : - Bourdon Oceanteam 104 (LOA 136.6 m)
- 250 MT at 10m radius (at 1.3 DAF). Located at portside
- 90 MT at 13m radius (at 1.6 DAF). Located at stern
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Practice in Industries
• Chevron Makassar – Franklin Offshore
Suction Pile Installation
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Vessel Description
Practice in Industries BREAEMAR
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Practice in Industries
• Chevron Makassar – Franklin Offshore
Suction Pile Installation
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Major Equipment & Material List
Practice in Industries BREAEMAR
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Practice in Industries
• Chevron Makassar – Franklin Offshore
Suction Pile Installation
Procedures:
• Site arrival
– DP and USBL preparation
– Pre-check and preparation activities
– As-found survey
• Pre-deployment preparation• Suction pile over-boarding
• Suction pile selft-penetration
• Suction pile
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Practice in Industries BREAEMAR
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Practice in Industries
• Chevron Makassar – Franklin Offshore
Suction Pile Installation
Contingencies Plan:
• Vessel breakdown
• Equipment breakdown
• Suction pile positioning and penetration
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Practice in Industries BREAEMAR
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Practice in Industries
• Chevron Makassar – Franklin Offshore
Suction Pile Installation
Several issues not covered in DNV-RP-H103:
• Overpressure for retrieval (lower bound – upper bound)
• Refusal on penetration
• Expected Self penetration
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Practice in Industries BREAEMAR
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Practice in Industries
When planning Marine Operations,
remember to take into account ....
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Practice in Industries BREAEMAR
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Practice in Industries
Easy handling...
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Practice in Industries BREAEMAR