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Wf!! : oFr EfUZ Time Allowed : Three Hours

GEOLOGY (Paper II)

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~ic1; : 250 Maximum Marks : 250

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QUESTION PAPER SPECIFIC INSTRUCTIONS

Please read each of the following instructions carefully before attempting questions.

There are EIGHT questions divided into two SECTIONS and printed both in HINDI and in ENGLISH.

Candidate has to attempt FIVE questions in all.

Question No. 1 and 5 are compulsory and out of the remaining, THREE are to be attempted choosing at least ONE from each section.

The number of marks carried by a question/part is indicated against it.

Answers must be written in the medium authorized in the Admission certificate which must be stated clearly on the cover ofthis Question-cum-Answer (QCA) booklet in the space provided. No marks will be given for answers written in medium other than the authorized one.

Word limit in questions, wherever specified, should be adhered to.

Diagrams/sketches, wherever required, may be drawn in the space provided for answering the question itself Attempts of questions shall be counted in chronological order. Unless struck off, attempt of a question shall be counted even if attempted partly. Any page or portion of the page left blank in the answer book must be clearly struck off

1 a-brl-m-hfmb

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SECTION 'A'

1. Attempt the following questions with suitabie sketches wherever necessary. 10x5=50 1.( a) Explain how the radius ratio of cation to anion in:Quences coordination in minerals. Cite examples

of two common coordination in rock foiming minerals. 1.(b) Define the Gibbs phase rule and calculate the variance of the assemblage containing enstatite +

forsterite + Mg-spin el + Mg-cordierite + corundum in the appropriate chemical system. 1.( c) With suitable examples, enumerate the essential difference between regional dynamothermal

metamorphism and contact metamorphism. 1.( d) Explain why in any igneous rock, primary forsterite and quartz cannot stably coexist. 1.( e) Describe the critical differences between porosity and permeability. Add a note on how these two

properties of sediments are determined.

2.( a) With theoretical details, discuss (i) optical indicatrix, and (ii) determination of sign of elongation of

uniaxial minerals. 7 t + 7 t = 15 2.(b) With suitable examples, discuss the causes behind and effects of (i) pleochroism and

(ii) birefringence in minerals. 71 + 71 = 15

2.( c) Derive Bragg's law for X-ray diffraction. Calculate the inter-planar spacing in a crystal for a plane that gives a sharp reflection at 2fJ= 50° forCuKaradiation (ll = 1 ·5418 A) in a powder X-ray diffraction experiment. 1o+10=20

3 a-brl-m-hfinb

3.(a)

3.(b)

3.(c)

4.(a)

4.(b)

4.(c)

5. 5.(a)

5.(b)

5.(c) 5.(d)

5.(e) 6.(a)

6.(b)

6.(c)

7.(a)

7.(b)

7.(c)

8.(a)

8.(b) 8.(c)

Thin sections of three basaltic rocks contain (i) phenocrysts of Ca-rich plagiociase in diopside matrix, (ii) phenocrysts of diopside in Ca-rich plagioclase matrix, and (iii) coexisting phenocrysts of both Ca-rich plagioclase and diopside. On the basis of phase diagram in the diopside-anorthite system, describe the initial melt composition and temperatures, along with crystallization behavior of the above rocks. 20 By suitable reactions, discuss various mineralogical and mineral-chemical changes that take place during metamorphism of a basaltic rock at the greenschist-amphibolite facies transition. 15 In a P-T diagram show the domains of various metamorphic facies and briefly explain these facies. 15 What are turbidites ? With a neat sketch, show different units of a Bouma cycle and the flow regimes under which they are formed. 5+ 10=15 With neat sketches, describe the primary depositional sedimentary structures, with emphasis on their application in determining paleocurrent directions. 15

With the help of a neat sketch, briefly discuss the classification of sandstone. What is the general tectonic environment in which quartz arenites are found ? 15+5=20

SECTION 'B' Attempt the following questions with suitable sketches wherevernecessary. 10x5=50 Describe the relationship between average crustal abundance of metals and their content in ore deposits. Add a brief note on tonnage, grade and cut-off grade oforedeposits. What are the sources for the formation of coal and petroleum deposits ? Briefly discuss the process of coalification. Briefly enumerate the various sampling methods in mineral exploration and mining. From the first and the second laws of thermodynamics and assuming reversible process, derive the expression dU = TdS - PdV; where U, S, T, P and V respectively stand for internal energy, entropy, temperature, pressure and volume. Discuss the various causes and environmental impacts of acid mine drainage. Explain the ore forming processes that result in chromite and Ni-Cu sulphide deposits hosted by ultramafic rocks. 7 t + 7 t = 15 With schematic sketches, show and elucidate the zones of hydrothermal alteration in a porphyry copper deposit, emphasizing their mineralogy and temperature of alteration. Explain why the ore zone is localized at the boundary between two specific alteration zones. 12+3=15

Mark the location of following mineral and coal deposits in the outline map of India and write a brief description of each of these deposits : (i) Khetri copper belt, (ii) Hutti gold deposit, (iii) Jharia coal field, and (iv) Nellore mica belt.

lo+10=20

Explain how ore concentrates are produced from run-off mine by mineral beneficiation, with the help of examples of two different beneficiation processes. 15 With suitable examples, define indicator and pathfinder elements in geo-chemical prospecting. Discuss mobility of elements in near surface environment. 1o+10=20 Compare and contrast the corrections used in gravity and magnetic methods of mineral prospecting. · 15 Discuss the mineralogical and chemical compositions of various meteorites, with a note on how meteorites furnish evidence about planetary interiors. 15 Discuss the effects of river flooding and response to flood hazards. 15 Explain the role of water in slope stability and add a note on types of slope failure. lo+ 10=20

a~brl-m-hfmb 4