ohio junior science and humanities symposium 2012 · austen mance, peeyush shrivastava, &...

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The 49 th Annual Ohio Junior Science & Humanities Symposium Sponsored by Northwest Ohio Center for Excellence in STEM Education (NWO) and Bowling Green State University In cooperation with The Academy of Applied Science and with the support of the Departments of the Army, Navy, and Air Force imagine.design.create The National Association of Secondary School Principals has placed this program on the NASSP National Advisory List of Student Contests and Activities for 2011-2012 March 21-23, 2012

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The 49th Annual Ohio Junior Science & Humanities Symposium

Sponsored byNorthwest Ohio Center for Excellence in STEM Education (NWO)

and Bowling Green State University

In cooperation with The Academy of Applied Science and with the support of the Departments of the Army, Navy, and Air Force

imagine.design.create

The National Association of Secondary School Principals has placed this program on the NASSP National Advisory List of Student Contests and Activities for 2011-2012

March 21-23, 2012

2011 Ohio JSHS Participants

2011 Ohio JSHS Award Winners

Top Row (L to R) Nisitha Sengottuvel, Samuel Chang, & Alison Yang

Bottom Row (L to R) Himanshu Savardekar,Austen Mance, Peeyush Shrivastava, & Michael Fu

The 49thAnnual Ohio Junior Science & Humanities Symposium 1

Welcome . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

2012 Ohio JSHS Schedule “At A Glance” . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3

2012 Ohio JSHS Schedule for March 21-23, 2012 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4-16

Keynote Speaker . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

Poster Presenters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18-20

Judges Score SheetPaper Presenters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21Poster Presenters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22

2011 Ohio JSHS Awardees . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23-24

2012 Ohio JSHS Awards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25-26

Judging Teams . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27

Acknowledgments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28

2012 Advisory Board . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29

History of the Junior Science & Humanities Symposium . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30

Cumulative AwardsThomas Alva Edison Award . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31The Colonel George F. Leist Distinguished Teacher Award . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32Ohio JSHS Presenters to the National JSHS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33

Table of Contents

School of Teaching and Learning

The 49thAnnual Ohio Junior Science & Humanities Symposium2

Welcome

Welcome to Bowling Green State University (BGSU):

We are delighted to once again welcome you to the 49th Annual Ohio Junior Science and HumanitiesSymposium. The symposium is hosted by the Northwest Ohio Center for Excellence in STEM Education(NWO) and the School of Teaching and Learning at BGSU with the financial support of the U.S. ArmyResearch Office, U.S. Office of Naval Research, and U.S. Air Force Research Office. This event offers a valuable opportunity for young scientists and scholars to share their impressive achievements with theirpeers and parents and with professional scientists and scholars. The Ohio JSHS provides public recognitionand certificates, honoring achievement and interest in research pursuits. This program also helps studentsattain a sense of achievement and self-confidence resulting from interaction with students from otherschools and regions and with professional researchers and educators. To quote a former JSHS participant,“[At JSHS] I learned a tremendous amount of science, got to meet other high school students who sharedmy interests in science, and learned that I could succeed at any program that I chose to pursue.” The Junior Science and Humanities Symposium program also awards thousands of dollars in scholarships toacknowledge the extraordinary levels of achievement of the participants.

Each year, more than 48 regional JSHS symposia are held throughout the United States and in theDepartment of Defense Schools of Europe and the Pacific. Two student finalists and three delegates fromthe Ohio JSHS program will be chosen (all expenses paid) to attend the National JSHS that takes place inBethesda, MD, May 2-6, 2012. The Ohio JSHS first and second place finalists present their research papersat this National Symposium to compete for six opportunities to represent the United States at the LondonInternational Youth Science Forum (LIYSF). Since 1966, fifty-two Ohio JSHS winners have presented papersat the National JSHS. Sixteen of these students have subsequently presented their papers at the LIYSF in London, England. In recent years, two winners of the Ohio symposium, Aaditya Shidham (2008) andKeith Hawkins (2009), have won the top national award. Clearly Ohio has many high-achieving young people. We are proud to be able to highlight some of their success with this event.

We are grateful for your participation in this year’s event and we hope that you find the 2012 Ohio Junior Science and Humanities Symposium to be a very beneficial and educational experience. Thank you for joining us!

Dr. Emilio Duran Dr. W. Robert Midden Ms. Iris Szelagowski Mr. Hans Glandorff

Ohio JSHS Director NWO Director Ohio JSHS Co-Coordinator Ohio JSHS Co-Coordinator

The 49thAnnual Ohio Junior Science & Humanities Symposium

Wednesday, March 214:00 p.m.-6:00 p.m. Check In Hampton Inn, Bowling Green6:30 p.m. Mandatory Meeting for ALL Participants Hampton Inn, Great Room7:10 p.m. Board Buses to BGSU Ice Arena7:30 p.m. Pizza Snack Conference Room, Ice Arena8:00 p.m.-10:00 p.m. Curling Curling Room & Ice Arena8:30 p.m.-10:00 p.m. Ice Skating Ice Arena10:10 p.m. Board Buses for Return to Hampton Inn11:00 p.m. Students Report to Assigned Rooms

Thursday, March 226:00 a.m.-7:45 a.m. Breakfast Hampton Inn, Great Room7:50 a.m. Board Buses to BGSU Student Union8:30 a.m. Opening Session Student Union 2288:45 a.m.-9:45 a.m. First Paper Session Student Union 228Break (15 minutes)

10:00 a.m.-11:00 a.m. Second Paper Session Student Union 22810:00 a.m.-4:00 p.m. Concurrent Poster Judging Student Union 202BBreak (15 minutes)

11:15 a.m.-12:15 p.m. Third Paper Session Student Union 22812:20 p.m.-1:20 p.m. Lunch The Oaks1:30 p.m.-2:30 p.m. Fourth Paper Session Student Union 228

10:00 a.m.-4:00 p.m. Concurrent Poster Judging Student Union 202BBreak (15 minutes)

2:30 p.m. JH Students to PlanetariumMarine Biology Lab Tour

2:45 p.m.-3:45 p.m. Fifth Paper Session Student Union 22810:00 a.m.-4:00 p.m. Concurrent Poster Judging Student Union 202B

4:00 p.m.-5:00 p.m. Poster Viewing, High School Students Student Union 202B5:05 p.m Board Buses to Hampton Inn6:10 p.m. Board Buses to Student Union 6:30 p.m.-8:30 p.m. Banquet/Keynote Presentation Student Union 2288:35 p.m. Board Buses to Hampton Inn9:00 p.m.-11:00 p.m. Open Activities/Adult Reception Pool; Great Room, Hampton Inn9:00 p.m.-10:00 p.m. Amazing Race Meeting Room, Hampton Inn11:00 p.m. Students Report to Assigned Rooms

Friday, March 236:30 a.m.-7:45 a.m. Room Checkout/Breakfast Hampton Inn, Great Room7:50 a.m. Board Buses to BGSU Student Union8:25 a.m. Announcements Student Union 2288:30 a.m.-9:50 a.m. Sixth Paper Session Student Union 228

Concurrent Poster Viewing: Student Union 202BBreak (10 minutes)

10:00 a.m.-11:00 a.m. Seventh Paper Session Student Union 228Concurrent Poster Viewing Student Union 202B

Break (10 minutes)11:10 a.m.-12:10 p.m. Eighth Paper Session Student Union 22812:15 p.m. Lunch The Oaks

Judges Meeting/ Luncheon Student Union 309/The OaksAdvisory Board Luncheon The Oaks

12:45 p.m. Student Advisory Board Meeting The Oaks1:30 p.m. Students Dismantle Posters Student Union 202B1:45 p.m. Group Photograph Student Union, Center Stairwell2:00 p.m. Awards Ceremony Student Union 2282:15 p.m. Adjournment

Schedule “At a Glance”

3

Schedule of Events

Wednesday, March 214:00 p.m.-6:00 p.m. Registration Hampton Inn, Bowling Green6:30 p.m. Mandatory Meeting for ALL Participants Hampton Inn, Great Room7:10 p.m. Board Buses to BGSU Ice Arena7:30 p.m. Pizza Snack Conference Room, Ice Arena8:00 p.m.-10:00 p.m. Planned Activities Curling Room & Ice Arena8:30 p.m.-10:00 p.m. Ice Skating Ice Arena10:10 p.m. Board Buses to Hampton Inn11:00 p.m. Students Report to Assigned Rooms

Thursday, March 226:00 a.m.-7:45 a.m. Breakfast Hampton Inn, Great Room7:50 a.m. Board Buses to BGSU Student Union8:30 a.m. Opening Session, BGSU Student Union 228

Presentation of Colors: Pershing Rifles Color Guard, Army ROTC, Bowling Green State University

Opening Remarks

Dr. Robert Midden, NWO/COSMOS Director, Associate Professor of Chemistry, Bowling Green State University

Dr. Michael Ogawa, Vice President for Research and Economic Development, Bowling Green State University

LTC Douglas A. Mohler, U.S. Army, Commander /Professor, Military Science, Bowling Green State University

Dr. Emilio Duran, Ohio JSHS Director, School of Teaching and Learning, Bowling Green State University

8:45 a.m.-9:45 a.m. First Paper Session Student Union 228

8:45 a.m.

Himanshu Savardekar, Dublin Coffman High School“Elevated Glucose Levels Causes Increased ROS Formation in Bovine Aortic Endothelial Cells Resulting In Vasoconstriction—Implications for Diabetic Patients”

Diabetes is a major medical problem with over 20 million affected children. Diabetes is due to lack of insulin, a protein that breaksdown glucose for the body to absorb. Without insulin glucose does not get absorbed and remains in the body. This excess glucose accumulates in the blood vessels, which is harmful for the body. Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) such as Nitric Oxide andSuperoxide are produced in blood vessels, which causes either vasodilation or vasoconstriction. Nitric oxide relaxes the vesselsallowing for more blood flow whereas superoxide constricts the vessels, increasing blood pressure. This study was conducted to study the effects of ROS formation in diabetes patients. Bovine Aortic Endothelial cells were used and treated with levels of glucose ranging from 100mg/dL-600mg/dL. Acetylcholine (ACh) was added to the glucose group, as it is a Nitric Oxide donor.These cells were incubated with different glucose levels and Ach for 24 hours. Superoxide and Nitric Oxide levels were measuredusing probes after 24 hours of incubation. Glucose significantly increased levels of superoxide (P=.0002) in the endothelial cells.This means that Diabetes patients are in more of a risk for high blood pressure and other vascular problems. The group of cellsthat also had Ach with the glucose created much less superoxide compared to the cells without acetylcholine. This shows that

The 49thAnnual Ohio Junior Science & Humanities Symposium4

The 49thAnnual Ohio Junior Science & Humanities Symposium 5

ACh, a nitric oxide donor reduced superoxide production essentially protecting the patient from contracted blood ves-sels. The MTT assay showed increased cell death as glucose concentration increased, but ACh reduced cell death evenwith high amounts of glucose. In conclusion increased glucose concentrations resulted in more production of super-oxide. Ach when administered to the glucose reduced Superoxide levels. Further studies need be conducted to findthe pathway of superoxide production such as Mitochondiral Source, eNOS, or Xanthoxidase.

9:05 a.m.

Chris Chang, Gahanna Lincoln High School“An Application of Cost Efficient Surface Myoelectric Sensors in Targeted Muscle Reinnervation for MotorizedProsthetic Limbs”

The purpose of this project was to examine the possible use of targeted muscle reinnervation to control a motorizedprosthetic arm. In the last few years, researchers have pushed for prosthetics capable of being controlled directlythrough the brain. This study simulated that interaction between machine and mind and searched for alternativeapplications of surface myoelectric sensors. This project consists of multiple tiers of construction and experimentation.First, a prototype prosthetic arm capable of grasping various objects was constructed. Then, different myoelectric sensor configurations were tested. Finally, the system was analyzed for efficiency and success rate. After an initial electrode combination was determined, different electrode placements on the muscle were tested. A configurationconsisting of an electrode on the center of the muscle, an electrode on the bottom, and a ground electrode isolatedfrom the system had a p-value as low as 0. 0003 compared to other configurations. The success rate of the systemachieved probabilities as high as 93%. Finally, the prosthetic system demonstrated the ability to perform various gripstrengths based on the amplitude of the muscle’s action potentials were implemented and provided the user sensoryfeedback. Through simulated targeted muscle reinnervation, this project aims to construct and test a prosthetic armcapable of intercepting myoelectric impulses and converting this input into movement of a motorized prosthesis. Thisprototype offers a means for researchers to cost effectively map muscle groups for denervation, and for amputees totrain with prosthetic devices with disposable electrodes before surgical implantation of permanent electrodes.

9:25 a.m.

Shefali S. Shah, Fairland High School“The Effects of Resveratrol on TCP-1 Cells”

Resveratrol, a phytochemical which is naturally found in grapes, various berries, turmeric, and peanuts, is thought toslow the progress of Medullary thyroid carcinoma. Cancerous parafollicular cells (TCP-1) were treated with differentmicroliters, uL, of Resveratrol (control, R25, R50) to observe the drug’s effect on the cells. TCP-1 cells treated with higher doses of Resveratrol were expected to be noticeably healthier. The cells were studied under a microscope toobserve cell shape and concentration (confluent). Also, the cells’ Nis oncogene (mutated gene linked to the development of the cancer) was examined for any alterations. R50 had the lowest confluent, and consisted of cells withelongated structures, which hinders the cells from dividing rapidly. Also, Nis was the furthest repaired to its originalmakeup. R25 had a mixture of round and elongated cells, an intermediate confluent, and a slightly altered Nis oncogene. The control had the highest confluent of small, round cells and no changes to Nis. In conclusion, larger concentrations of Resveratrol did heal the thyroid cells and slow growth. This research is the first step in discovering an alternate cancer treatment. However, Resveratrol’s effect on the human body in respect to cancer is still being thoroughly researched.

Thursday, March 22 (Cont.)

Schedule of Events

Thursday, March 22 (Cont.)

9:45 a.m. Break and Announcements

10:00 a.m.-11:00 a.m. Second Paper Session Student Union 22810:00 a.m.-4:00 p.m. Concurrent Poster Judging Student Union 202B

10:00 a.m.

Ethan Barteck, Sylvania Southview High School“Group Identity Theory and Self Categorization Theory on Collective Self Esteem”

Increased understanding of group selection motivation aids all fields of social work. Group Identity Theory and Self-categorization Theory explain group selection differently, but research shows neither theory is superior. Researchalso indicates that groups formed strictly through Self-categorization feature stronger group cohesion. Stronger groupcohesion suggests higher collective self-esteem; therefore, it was hypothesized that individuals showing high Self-categorization would also show high collective self-esteem. One hundred and forty five subjects participated in aseries of surveys to determine their group selection motivation types and collective self-esteem score. Results showedan unexpected selection motivation unbalance which suggests further study in the field of group selection is needed.ANOVA analysis proved the null hypotheses due to the lack of correlation between groups.

10:20 a.m.

David Wang, William Mason High School“Elucidation of Histone Deacetylase 3 C-terminus Structure Through ab initio Protein Prediction Methods”

Histone Deacetylase 3 is a transcription regulator which represses the function of genes through the deacetylation ofamine moieties in lysine on the tails of histones. It is involved in a variety of pathways including the JNK (c-JUN aminoterminal kinase) pathway and is implicated in the regulation of cancer. My project centers on the isolation of the secondary and tertiary structures for the unsolved portion of HDAC3 involving residues (370-428) of the C-terminus.Due to previous experiments it is believed that this area is crucial to HDAC3 catalytic activity. Here I report a proposedstructure of residues 370-428 which comprise the C-terminus of HDAC 3. The structure was solved by the use of GORand Chou-Fasman methods of secondary structure prediction coupled with the analysis of the chain in comparisonwith the rest of the structure. The proposed structure suggests that in order to contribute to the catalytic activity ofHDAC3 the C-terminus bonds with the N-terminus of Deacetylase activating domain in order to stabilize the structure.Additionally, it suggests that C-terminus structure may be disrupted in order to prevent diseases such as cancer.

10:40 a.m.

Anna Delamerced, Summit Country Day School“The Effect of Over-the-Counter and Prescription Acne Medications in Inhibiting Staphylococcus epidermidis”

Staphylococcus epidermidis is a fast-spreading bacterium commonly associated with acne. In this research experiment,the effect of different prescription and over-the-counter acne medications was tested for inhibiting the growth of thebacterium Staphylococcus epidermidis. Properties, effectiveness, and differences of four over-the-counter and threeprescription medications were evaluated. Several brands of both prescription and over-the-counter acne medicationswere tested to investigate the levels of effectiveness in preventing S. epidermidis growth. The most effective prescription medication was found to be Mupirocin, while the over-the-counter medication experiments indicatedbenzoyl peroxide as being the most effective. Overall, out of all the medications tested, Mupirocin was the most effective antimicrobial agent in inhibiting bacteria growth.

Schedule of Events

The 49thAnnual Ohio Junior Science & Humanities Symposium6

The 49thAnnual Ohio Junior Science & Humanities Symposium 7

Thursday, March 22 (Cont.)

11:00 a.m. Break and Announcements

11:15 a.m.-12:15 p.m. Third Paper Session Student Union 22810:00 a.m.-4:00 p.m. Concurrent Poster Judging Student Union 202B

11:15 a.m.

Brian B. Haidet, Sylvania Southview High School“Synthesis of Graphene Aerogel and Evaluation of its Use as a Thermoelectric Material”

The Seebeck Effect is the thermoelectric effect that describes the generation of a voltage gradient across an imposedtemperature gradient in a material. To maximize the efficiency of this effect, the Seebeck Coefficient of the materialshould be high, and the lattice contribution to the thermal conductivity should be minimized while electrical conductivity should be maintained. Graphene is a 2-dimensional allotrope of carbon; it can be visualized as an infinitesheet of fused aromatic rings. This honeycomb structure has a continuous conjugated π-bond over its entire surface,leading to extremely high charge carrier mobility. Large sheets of graphene can also be easily doped by gas adsorption; this ability to dope the graphene allows its Density of States (DOS) and Seebeck Coefficient to be controlled with little effect on the structure. These positive attributes come at the “cost” of extremely high thermal conductivity, due to graphene's extremely regular crystalline structure. When graphene is formed into an aerogel,however, the layers can stack based on π-π interaction between the sheets, leaving them farther apart than in thesomewhat similar structure of graphite. This extra spacing between graphene sheets should lead to a substantialreduction in lattice thermal conductivity due to Van der Waals forces, while maintaining the π-bond conductivity forelectrons. This study examines multiple methods of synthesizing this structure. While the final sample created does nothave a favorable thermoelectric figure of merit, it effectively separates the thermal and electrical conductivities, andits synthesis procedures and findings may apply to future studies.

11:35 a.m.

Rachel Johnson, Gahanna Lincoln High School“Maximization of Protein Production for the Purpose of Simulating Increased Acid Resistance in Probiotics”

Probiotics offer many promising health benefits. However, these live microorganisms must survive digestive transit inorder to maximize their health benefits. The only effective manner currently available involves the ingestion of largetablets, which studies show could cause damage to the digestive track. Because some probiotics produce a proteincoat that enables them to survive digestion, a more natural option may be available. The purpose of this project wasto simulate the creation of an alternative, natural method for ingestion through the transformation and UV light mutation of E. coli strains. The experiment was designed in two sectors: the first focusing on the production of fluorescent bacteria, and the latter on the experimental testing of the fluorescent bacteria under UV light. After the initial transformation process, the bacteria were exposed to UV light at varying heights for varying time increments. It was hypothesized that those exposed at a lesser height for a shorter time increment would maximize protein production, thereby, simulating survival through the digestive track. Based on results and analysis, transformation waseffective only in one E. coli strain, emphasizing the importance in the host bacteria’s competence in order for the transformation to occur. Additionally, UV light mutation most effectively increased protein production at a distance of6 inches with an exposure of 5 seconds (P=.011289) and at 12 inches with an exposure of 15 seconds (P=1.3 x 10^-13).This data suggests that bacterial transformation, in combination with UV light mutation, may be an effective means ofsynthesizing a natural ingestion of probiotics.

Schedule of Events

11:55 a.m.

Bluyé DeMessie, William Mason High School“Cleaning Heavy Metal Pollutants from Water Using Sun Dried Banana Peels”

This study evaluates the performance of a low cost adsorption material, which is based on sun dried and groundbanana peels, to extract lead (Pb2+) and copper ions (Cu2+) from contaminated water. Lead has human and ecotoxicity affecting many organs including the nervous system. It is particularly toxic to children, causing potentiallypermanent learning and behavior disorders. Hence, the provision of heavy metal free water is urgently needed to mitigate heavy metal toxicity and protect the health, as well as being accessible, to rural people living in acute problem areas in developing countries. Experimental studies based on the analysis of adsorption using flame atomicabsorption spectroscopy of Pb2+ and Cu2+ showed that dried banana peels can achieve up to 71% removal efficiency. Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption isotherms were used to describe the adsorption equilibrium process.The Freundlich model shows that the degree of favorability of adsorption for Cu2+ and Pb2+ ions were 5.8, 1.9, withadsorption capacities of 4.8 and 0.49 mg/g, respectively. Extracting metal pollutants from water using solar driedbanana peels as an adsorbent is a low cost, affordable and sustainable approach for cleaning contaminated waters.This adsorption technology, combined with slow sand filtration, would be highly appropriate for providing clean waterin some rural areas of developing countries.

12:20 p.m.-1:20 p.m. Lunch The Oaks

1:30 p.m.-2:30 p.m. Fourth Paper Session Student Union 22810:00 a.m.-4:00 p.m. Concurrent Poster Judging Student Union 202B

1:30 p.m.

John Burchfield, Sylvania Southview High School“The Effects of Varying Environmental Lapse Rates on Tornado Velocity”

Though tornadoes have devastated mankind for centuries, recent scientific discoveries could enable more timely and accurate forecasting that minimizes their harms. Among the necessary components of tornado formation is convection, which is measured in terms of adiabatic and environmental lapse rate. This research analyzed the effectsof varying environmental lapse rates on tornado velocity. To test this hypothesis, a tornado simulation chamber wasconstructed using a 70 CFM bathroom exhaust fan. To adjust the environmental lapse rate within the chamber, a panwith water of different temperatures was placed in the base. Temperatures were adjusted so that ten tornadoes wereobserved within each interval of 5 °C from 0 °C to 25 °C. Maximum wind velocities were recorded over one minute timeperiods. A strongly positive correlation between environmental lapse rate and tornado velocity was found with a correlation coefficient of 0.92 and an R-squared statistic of 84.96%. The results of this research could enable meteorologists to more accurately predict the probability of severe tornadoes and thus issue more effective forecasts.By recording the environmental lapse rate in a region at any given time, they can calculate the potential risk of the tornado in terms of its wind velocity.

Thursday, March 22 (Cont.)

Schedule of Events

The 49thAnnual Ohio Junior Science & Humanities Symposium8

The 49thAnnual Ohio Junior Science & Humanities Symposium 9

1:50 p.m.

Aman Kumar, William Mason High School“Processing of Multilayer Microcrystalline and Nanocrystalline Diamond Thin Films using Ar-rich MicrowavePlasma with Chemical Vapor Deposition (MPCVD)”

Heat transfer management in compact electronics is critical to prevent device failure and achieve high processingspeeds. With three times thermal-conductivity (>20 W/cm K of single crystal) than copper and as an insulator, diamondbased thin films have significant value if uniform, high purity films can be produced. In this research, MicrowavePlasma Chemical Vapor Deposition (MPCVD) process was used. The hypothesis was that the seeding layers will affectthe phase purity with affecting morphology; lower Argon (Ar) content and extended depositions will result in betterquality film. After deposition, sample morphology was analyzed using scanning electron microscope (SEM) and RamanSpectroscopy for diamond purity. Experiments achieved 2µm thickness film and results showed diamond content canvary enormously by gas ratio of Argon: Hydrogen: methane (Ar:H2:CH4), deposition time, and seeding layer quality.Decreasing the Ar content and increasing deposition time resulted in a significant gain in diamond quality. Multilayerdiamond film deposition experiments showed that surface smoothness was better than single layer as indicated bynon-crystalline surface structure. Depositing the lower Ar content film first resulted in better nanocrystalline surfacestructure, Higher Ar content resulted in high density of re-nucleation. The hypothesis of seeding layer size impact onphase purity was not correct but did impact the morphology of diamond thin films. The other hypothesis of Ar content and impact of deposition time, however, were correct. The plan is to continue to explore more in this area and find other possible ways to improve morphology and purity of the diamond.

2:10 p.m.

Chrysta Beck, Pettisville High School“The Effects of Different Temperature Ranges on the Growth of the White Cornish-Cross Strain”

The problem was to compare the effects of different temperature ranges on the growth of the White Cornish-CrossStrain. This project is important because it is necessary to understand how the environment in a broiler pen affects thehealth and meat of the birds. The hypothesis was the White Cornish-Cross Strain broilers grown in the coldest pen,15°C-21°C, would grow and develop the most because cool temperatures within the bird’s thermoneutral zone allowsthe bird to consume a lot of food with a good food consumption to mass gain ratio. The procedure was to constructpens inside the camper and the building where the control was being tested. Pens were prepared for the arrival of thechicks by disinfecting, placing sawdust, hanging waterers, and hanging lamps in all pens. Once the chicks arrive, fivewere placed into each pen. Chicks were labeled by coloring a dot on their back with a marker. The chicks were fed andwatered daily, and pens were cleaned as needed. The mass of food consumed was recorded daily. Temperatures werecollected in each pen every day in the morning, afternoon, and evening. The broilers were massed weekly. The birds inthe Control pen grew the largest, with an average mass of 3.708 kg. The next largest birds were grown in the 21°C-27°Cpen, with an average mass of 3.694 kg. The third largest birds in the 15°C-21°C pen had an average mass of 3.490 kg.The birds that had grown the least were in the 27°C-32°C pen with an average mass of 3.344 kg. The Control groupgrew the most, but consumed the least amount of food compared. The birds in the 21°C-27°C consumed the mostcompared to the rest of the pens. The hypothesis was not supported.

Thursday, March 22 (Cont.)

Schedule of Events

Thursday, March 22 (Cont.)

Schedule of Events

2:30 p.m. Break and Announcements

2:30 p.m. Junior High Students to PlanetariumMarine Biology Lab Tour

2:45 p.m.-3:45 p.m. Fifth Paper Session Student Union 22810:00 a.m.-4:00 p.m. Concurrent Poster Judging Student Union 202B

2:45 p.m.

Samer Alkhalili, Toledo Islamic Academy“The Effect of Iron on Carbon Sequestration in Freshwater Diatoms”

The large increase in atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) implies that CO2 emissions exceed carbon sequestration. Thisresearch explores the effect of iron on the growth rate of freshwater diatoms. It is hypothesized that exposing diatomsto an optimal concentration of iron will produce the most growth in diatoms in a set period of time. Counted samplesof diatoms were placed into six pairs of flasks, each set of two containing a different dilution- a control group with noiron added, 1nM, 5nM, 10nM, 50nM and 100nM of iron-enhanced spring water solution at 23C. Over a period of 14 days, well-mixed samples from each flask were taken on days 1, 3, 5, 9, 11, and 14 and diatoms counted using a Neubauer Counting Chamber under a compound microscope. The number of diatoms per milliliter in each flask wasdetermined and then converted into overall percent increase. The level of carbon dioxide in parts per million (ppm)was measured using the Control Wizard CO2 Test kit on days 1 and 14 for each of the control and 50nM iron solution.Three replications of the experiment were conducted. The 50nM concentration of iron produced a 77% decrease in the level of carbon dioxide on Day 14 compared to Day 1, while the control produced a 31% decrease. The 5nM concentration of iron produced the most growth in diatoms, accounting for a total increase of 182% on average. Boththe 10nM and 50nM solutions were moderately effective, producing a 167% and 166% growth increase, respectively.The 100nM solution was the least effective with only an increase of 114%. The control and the 1nM solutions produced a limited growth with only 143% and 147% increases, respectively. These results imply that diatoms can react to small amounts of iron in their environment and the optimal concentration to remove the most carbondioxide from the atmosphere was around 5 nM. These findings suggest that iron fertilization may be adopted as a carbon sequestration strategy.

3:05 p.m.

Trent Baptiste, Gahanna Lincoln High School“An Investigation of the Effects of Histamine Antagonists on the Regeneration Capabilities of Dugesia tigrina”

The purpose of this experiment was to find a link between antihistamines and planarian regeneration, as well as finding significant data that shows how antihistamines slow regeneration. Certain studies have explored the possibilities that antihistamines slow the rate of regeneration in salamanders, so a similar experiment with planariawould likely yield similar results. To create different concentrations of solutions to test, different solutions were created from crushed antihistamine pills, specifically diphenhydramine tablets and different concentrations of purifiedwater. The planaria were separated into three groups, including two experimental groups and a control group, andwere amputated and allowed to regenerate in a given solution over time. Data was collected in the form of JPEG pictures over a two-week period using a microscope with a camera feature. Six days and fourteen days after amputation, the photographs from the regenerating planaria were gathered, placed on a consistent sized coordinate

The 49thAnnual Ohio Junior Science & Humanities Symposium10

The 49thAnnual Ohio Junior Science & Humanities Symposium 11

Thursday, March 22 (Cont.)

plane, and the area of the regenerated blastema was calculated. T-tests were run on the sets of data to determine significance. P-values of p=0.020715993, p=0.40552956, and p=0.32226786 were found for tests conducted betweenthe control group and Group A, the control and Group B, and Group A and Group B respectively for Day 6 data. P-values of p=0.002800611, 0.105122796, and 0.031295053 were calculated for T-tests between the control group andGroup A, the control group and Group B, and Group A and Group B respectively from Day 14. The data was found to be significant in two of the three tests, leading to the conclusion that antihistamines in fact slow the rate of regenerationin planaria. A linear regression equation between the molarities of the different solutions and the means of the area ofblastemas in each group was conducted. R2-values of R2=0.949 and R2=0.911 for Day 6 and Day 14 respectively. Thisstudy suggests histamine is a part of the puzzle of regeneration, and thus, stem cell differentiation.

3:25 p.m.

John Boykin, St. Peter Chanel High School“An Investigation of Recycled Rubber as an Aggregate in Structural Concrete Mixtures”

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of using recycled rubber as aggregate in concrete structuralmaterials. In this research, recycled rubber was reduced to less than 6mm particle size. Various percentages of rubberand concrete mixtures were prepared. The mixtures were then tested under many conditions including heat, freezing,chemical testing, and solvent testing. Tests include Absorption, Break Point, Impact, Freezer, Thermo, Oven, WaterAbsorption, Gasoline Absorption, Motor Oil Absorption, and Salt Test. Tests results were then compared to the controlstructural concrete. Results show that adding recycled rubber to concrete improved or maintained the major chemicaland structural properties of structural concrete.

3:45 p.m. Break and Announcements4:00 p.m.-5:00 p.m. Poster Viewing, High School Students5:05 p.m. Board Buses to Hampton Inn 6:10 p.m. Board Buses to BGSU Student Union6:30 p.m.-8:30 p.m. Banquet/Keynote Presentation Student Union 228

Keynote Presentation “Studying Evolution in Deep Time”Dr. Peg Yacobucci, Associate Professor, Department of Geology, BGSU

8:35 p.m. Board Buses to Hampton Inn9:00 p.m.-11:00 p.m. Open Activities/Adult Reception Pool; Great Room, Hampton Inn9:00 p.m.-10:00 p.m. Amazing Race Great Room, Hampton Inn11:00 p.m. Students Report to Assigned Rooms

Schedule of Events

Friday, March 236:30 a.m.-7:45 a.m. Room Checkout/Breakfast Hampton Inn, Great Room7:50 a.m. Board Buses to BGSU Student Union8:25 a.m. Announcements Student Union 228

8:30 a.m.-9:50 a.m. Sixth Paper Session Student Union 228Concurrent Poster Viewing Student Union 202B

8:30 a.m.

Aarti Kumar, William Mason High School“Role of Ascorbic Acid and Tocopherol to Promote Cell Survival in Amyloid Plaque Mediated Cell Death inAlzheimer’s Disease Using a Drosophila Eye Model”

Alzheimer’s Disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease, caused by synaptic failure and death of neurons, that is projected to harm over 13.2 million people by the year of 2025(1) .The treatments that exist today consist of antibiotic therapies that treat the symptoms of AD such as decreased cognitive function but these therapies do nothave the ability to treat the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s. This project focuses on developing an antioxidant therapy toprevent or reduce the progression of Alzheimer’s to aid future scientific efforts in discovering the full process of neurodegeneration and battling the cureless Alzheimer’s disease. The project’s objective was to test antioxidants as apotential drug therapy by developing an effective Drosophila melanogaster aka Fruit Fly eye model in order to treat theprogression of Alzheimer’s. The hypothesis developed was that if antioxidant treatments of Ascorbic Acid (Vitamin C)and Tocopherol (Vitamin E) will be used in an Alzheimer’s Drosophila eye model then there will be a reduction in freeradical growth, rescuing the neurodegeneration phenotype which indicates cell survival. To develop this model, a flyculture was established by growing Drosophila (GMRGal4Aβ42)/CyO larvae in fly media as a control and half of thesesamples were treated with different antioxidant dosages (10mM -100 mM). Larval immuno histochemical staining wasused to detect proteins in the GMR region by using JC-1 dye and analyzing with confocal microscopy. Also adult phenotype screening was performed to analyze the effect of the antioxidants at an early onset and late onset of AD.Key outcomes of this research included the development of a successful Drosophila fly eye model that can be used totest for future AD therapies and an optimum dosage of 50 mM of Ascorbic acid created a significant rescue in theAlzheimer’s fly eye.

8:50 a.m.

Tyler Milburn, Gahanna Lincoln High School“Development of a Swarm of Autonomous Robots for General Mapping”

The purpose of this project was to create a swarm of robots that could accurately map an area autonomously. Swarmrobotics focuses on the communication of robots within the swarm and is used to complete tasks too dangerous anddifficult for humans. In order to test the ability of a swarm's ability to map an area, one robot was built to explore agiven area and collect data while relaying it to the other robot which turned the received data into a digital map displayed on the screen of the robot. The digital maps created by the swarm were tested for accuracy, comparing themap of the area to the actual area. The pixels on the screen were used to determine accuracy; the total number of pixels that correctly depicted the actual area was divided by the total number of pixels the map of the area took up to determine the accuracy of each trial. Nine trials were run with two programs for the swarm, one program with five trials and the other program with four trials. The average accuracy of the total trials was 0.97865, so 97.865% of the pixels on the digital map were correctly displayed. A T-test was run to look at the difference between the two programs and the p value equaled 0.027, showing that the difference between the programs was statistically significant. This data shows that swarm robotics can be effectively used in accurately mapping an area. This technology can be cheaply used to provide useful mapping abilities to areas that could be dangerous for humans, such as use for the police or military.

Schedule of Events

The 49thAnnual Ohio Junior Science & Humanities Symposium12

The 49thAnnual Ohio Junior Science & Humanities Symposium 13

9:10 a.m.

Collin Stipe, Hilltop High School“Environmental Effects on Photovoltaic Cells”

This experimentation was performed to see how the monocrystalline, polycrystalline, and amorphous solar cells reacted to different environments. The testing shows which environment would be optimal for photovoltaic cells as anenergy source. In the experimentation, cold, dry, and reflective conditions were predicted to be the best conditionsfor the cells to work most efficiently. These were the conditions thought to be the best for the cells because the colddry air would interfere the least with the light. The reflectivity would absorb less light than no reflectivity, thereforemaking the output of the solar cells better. An environmental test chamber was built and wired. Then after the chamber was complete the conditions were changed in six different ways. There was testing for humidity, temperature, and reflectivity. Each test performed was a multivariable test containing either a high or a low of each ofthe variables. When conditions were met, photovoltaic output was recorded with a DMM multimeter. The testing andanalysis concluded that temperature had a significant effecton all of the solar cells’ power outputs in representation of a p-value of .05 or less in the regression analysis of the data. Humidity also had a significant effect on the polycrystalline solar cell in the reflective chamber and all three cells in the non-reflective chamber with a .05 p-valueor less.In a reflective chamber a lower temperature and humidity resulted in a higher photovoltaic output. In a non-reflective chamber outputs were drastically lower than the reflective chamber, temperature and humidity had thesame effect as the reflective, except in theamorphous and monocrystalline cells. The monocrystalline showed slightlybetter performance in humid conditions and the amorphous performed better in the warmer conditions.

9:30 a.m.

Christopher Ellis, Sylvania Southview High School“Role of Glutamate Transporter 1 Activation on Chronic Alcohol Consumption in Wistar Rats”

The role of Glutamate Transporter 1 (GLT1) activation on chronic alcohol consumption in Wistar rats was tested. Anincrease in Glutamate, the primary excitatory neurotransmitter in the brain, has long been associated with alcoholismand alcohol cravings. GLT1 has been shown to increase the glutamate reuptake, thus decreasing the glutamate levelsin the brain. It was hypothesized that an increase of GLT1 expression in the brain through the administration ofCeftriaxone (CEF) would attenuate alcohol cravings and thus decrease the alcohol consumption in the CEF treatedgroups but not their saline-treated counter parts. Adult male Wistar rats were used. Rats were exposed to 100mL ofEtOH every two days and were allowed free choice drinking for 5 consecutive weeks. The 20 rats were divided into 3groups: saline (n=6), CEF 50mg/kg/day (n=7) and CEF 100 mg/kg/day (n=7). The rats were injected for 5 consecutivedays and were still allowed free choice alcohol consumption. Daily measures of body weight, as well as water and EtOHintake were recorded. After injections, the rats’ alcohol consumption, body weight and water consumption were measured daily for 1 more day until they were sacrificed through decapitation. After comparing pre and post-treatment alcohol consumptions, no significant difference was found between the initial and final alcohol consumption in the saline group (t = 1.04, p = 0.345), but significant differences were found in the CEF 50 (t = 5.50, p = 0.003) and CEF 100 groups (t = 5.56, p = 0.001), supporting the hypothesis. These results provide significant opportunity for the alleviation of alcoholism, a widespread problem in the United States, and further the scientificcommunity’s understanding of the biological mechanisms that drive alcohol addiction.

Schedule of Events

Friday, March 23 (Cont.)

9:50 a.m. Break and Announcements

10:00 a.m.-11:00 a.m. Seventh Paper Session Student Union 228Concurrent Poster Viewing Student Union 202B

10:00 a.m.

Smriti Gupta, Sylvania Southview High School“Examining the Relationship Between α-1 Na+/K+-ATPase and Cav-1 Expression Levels”

Nearly 47 million people across the United States have malfunctioning hearts or kidneys- organs that depend on Na+/K+-ATPase to function properly. The goal of this experiment was to identify any relationships between theexpression levels of α-1 Na+/K+-ATPase and Caveolin-1 after treatment with the endogenous hormone Ouabain. Cells from the LLC-Pk1 pig renal kidney cell line and DU145 prostate cancer cell line were treated with different concentrations of Ouabain and incubated for either 24 or 72 hours. After incubation, a western blot was run and theprotein bands were analyzed. Results showed that α-1 Na+/K+-ATPase expression increased with the concentration ofOuabain when treated for 24 hours in the LLC-Pk1 cells, but decreased in expression after 72 hours of treatment in theDU145 cells. Conversely, as concentration of Ouabain increased, expression of Caveolin-1 decreased in the DU145 cellswhen treated for 72 hours, and increased in the LLC-Pk1 cells after 72 hours of treatment. ANOVA tests supported thateach of these results were significant (p < 0.05).

10:20 a.m.

Jian Chen, Gahanna Lincoln High School“Development of Swarm Robots for Search and Rescue in Post-Earthquake Urban Environment”

The main purpose of this project is to design, program, build and test a prototype swarm robot that is capable of helping human rescuers in post earthquake rescuing missions. Swarm-bots are a recent development; its main inspiration comes from mimicking nature, such as insects, birds, and even fishes. The self-designed and tested swarm-bots performed three simulated tasks: seeking the victim; pulling a small object; and pulling a large object bycollaboration. A total of three swarm robots were built, composed of a gripper, a treaded driving system, and two different sensors. The amounts of force exerted by swarm-bots were tested. By using regression analysis, a predictivelinear equation was calculated with R^2= 0.9966. Detailed programs were also written and tested. Another test, calledthe Search Algorithm Test having two parts, was run to determine if different arrangements of obstacles had any significant effects on the time the swarm robots took to find their target. The t-Tests had shown that it has no significant effects. The swarm robot accomplished all three tasks in a reasonable amount of times, therefore, demonstrating its potential to help rescuers locate and rescue earthquake victims. Research continues on improving efficiency.

Schedule of Events

Friday, March 23 (Cont.)

The 49thAnnual Ohio Junior Science & Humanities Symposium14

The 49thAnnual Ohio Junior Science & Humanities Symposium 15

10:40 a.m.

Peeyush Shrivastava, William Mason High School“The Key Role of ADRA1D In Making β-Blockers More Effective: Phase 2”

Cardiac arrhythmias affect over 2 million patients in the United States alone. Phase 1 results of this study revealed thatthe alpha1D-AR (ADRA1D) holds imperative gene expression on the maintenance of vascular smooth muscle contraction, and is an overlooked gene in the inefficient beta-blocker treatments. The present study advances experimentation and analyzes the molecular effects of ADRA1D gene silencing on localized intracellular calcium signaling in isolated human cardiac myocytes and the failure of calcium-channel blockers considering their byproductof reflex tachyarrhythmias. The purpose of this study is to reverse these deleterious effects by creating a solidified association between the failure in these treatments and the lack of expression of ADRA1D. Western Blot analysis wasconducted in order to determine the efficiency of ADRA1D gene silencing. For the average of the three trials conducted for Verapamil, the control heart rate of the cardiac myocytes was reduced from the initial rate of 134.67 bpmto 102 bpm with the applied calcium-channel blocker. Furthermore, an ANOVA (F = 9.88, p<0.004) supported thehypothesis that through gene knockdown of ADRA1D, cardiac myocytes will exhibit a significant difference throughthe presence of that gene and its associated Cav1.3 pathway (ADRA1D and its adaptor molecules) considering its majorgene expression towards calcium signaling and the phenomena of calcium sparks (alpha = 0.05). In conclusion, thisstudy conclusively provides the statistical advantages of underexpressed ADRA1D gene expression as associated withthe inefficiency of the beta-blocker treatments. Future research involves active transgenic mouse model analysis ofdepleted Cav1.3.

11:00 a.m. Break and Announcements

11:10 a.m.-12:10 p.m. Eighth Paper Session Student Union 228Concurrent Viewing Student Union 202B

11:10 a.m

Austen Mance, Sylvania Southview High School“The Effect of Lipid A Structure on the Virulence of Bacteria”

Bacterial biowarfare agents present a constant threat to humanity due to ineffective and poorly characterized antibiotic treatments. Even without malicious intent, bacterial disease causes hundreds of thousands of deaths everyyear. Recently, however, chemical structures determined by Park et. al (2009) suggested a comprehensive explanationfor bacterial virulence based upon the dimerization of immune system protein TLR4 by bacterial lipid A. Because thetheory had not been tested or quantified experimentally, however, bacterial lipid A identification via MALDI and ESImass spectrometry was performed to determine if structural differences between two bacteria; B. Thilandensis (BT) andB. Pseudomallei (BP) accounted for their widely diverging virulence despite virtually identical structure. It was hypothesized that acyl chain quantity, length and density on the lipid A species would be greater in the nonvirulentBT strain compared to the deadly BP bacterium. Following the collection and manual labeling of ESI and MALDI spectra from these bacteria, and using standard test protocol developed from Silipo et al. (2002), mass spectra werecollected and mass fragments manually assigned. Ultimately the BT lipid A samples yielded 7 acyl chains, includingunexpectedly long 17- and 20-carbon residues. As such, it appears acyl chain length affects lipid A’s antagonistic function in TLR4 pathway dimerization.

Friday, March 23 (Cont.)

Schedule of Events

The 49thAnnual Ohio Junior Science & Humanities Symposium16

Schedule of Events

Friday, March 23 (Cont.)

11:30 a.m

John Sun, Ottawa Hills High School “Transcription Factor PU-1 Determines the Specificity of microRNA-142 Expression in Hematopoietic Cells”

Accumulating evidence suggests an intrinsic feature of the tissue specific expression for a portion of microRNAs.MicroRNA-142 is one of microRNAs specifically expressed in hematopoietic tissue/cells, but the mechanism remainsunknown. Bioinformatics study showed that the recognition sites for transcription factors: PU-1, C/EBPb and Runx1exist in the miR-142 gene promoter, which are evolutionarily conserved across species. The ChIP assay revealed that 3transcription factors occupy their recognition sites constitutively. WB and Q-RT-PCR showed that both PU-1 andmiRNA-142-3p are highly expressed in Raw264.7, a monocyte cell line , but not in NIH3T3, a fibroblast cell line,although C/EBPb and Runx1 are expressed at modest levels in both cells and that the predominant role of PU-1 in regulation of miR-142 expression is synergized by C/EBPb and Runx1. Reporter assays consistently confirmed theabove results. Importantly, PU-1 complementary introduction or dominant negative inhibition changed the LPS-induced IL-6 expression in Raw264.7 and NIH3T3 cells, which confirmed the critical role for PU-1 in driving miR-142 expression and its regulation of IL-6 expression. Because miR-142 is also involved in T cell development, regulation of T regulatory cell function and B-cell leukemia, studying regulation of miR-142 expression will provide the therapeutic approaches for endotoxin-induced sepsis, autoimmune disease and leukemia.

11:50 a.m

Nathan Wang, Fairland High School“The Effects of Resilin Gene Deletion and Inhibition on the Flight and Mating Success of Drosophila melanogaster”

Resilin is a highly resilient protein found in Drosophila melanogaster which is believed to have an effect on wing movements. It is hypothesized that if the resilin protein is “removed” from an otherwise normal functioning fly, then itsability to mate and fly would be greatly reduced compared to that of a wild type fly. To test the hypothesis regardingflight, several resilin mutant flies (resilin knockdown) and a permanent resilin knockout fly were created through bothgenetic crossing via the UAS/Gal4 transcription factor and FLP/FRT recombination, respectively. Flight ability was tested against using a novel flight chamber assay which we developed. Mating was tested via a novel assay whichinvolved placing resilin mutants and wild type flies in competition to mate with virgin OreR females. Flight tests indicate that those flies without resilin are have a greatly handicapped flight ability compared to that of wild type flies.Mating tests indicate that wild type flies have a much stronger mating ability compared to that of resilin mutants,although this is not necessarily due to an inability to produce the courtship song.

12:15 p.m. Lunch The OaksJudges Meeting/Luncheon Student Union 309/The OaksAdvisory Board Luncheon The Oaks

12:45 p.m. Student Advisory Board Meeting The Oaks1:30 p.m. Students Dismantle Posters Student Union 202B1:45 p.m. Group Photograph Student Union, Center Stairwell2:00 p.m. Awards Ceremony Student Union 2282:15 p.m. Adjournment

Peg Yacobucci received her Bachelor’s degree inGeophysical Sciences from the University of

Chicago and her Ph.D. in Earth and Planetary Sciences from Harvard University. She joined the faculty of Bowling Green State University in 1999.

As a paleontologist, Peg works to better understand the history of life on Earth through “deep time.” Her research centers on understanding the evolution of fossil cephalopods, the group that includes modern squid, octopus, and nautilus. Cephalopods have playedimportant roles in ocean ecosystems for 500 million years, and over that time evolved into a wide variety of forms. One group, the ammonoids, are particularly interesting because they evolved very quickly but were prone to extinction as well. Why do the ammonoids show this “boom and bust” pattern of evolution? Peg’s research focuses on answering this question.

In addition to her research, Peg is committed to improving science education. She currently serves as the Paleontological Society’s Education and Outreach Coordinator, and is a member of Project Kaleidoscope’s Faculty for the 21st Century, a national network of emerging leaders in undergraduate science education. In 2010, BGSU awarded Peg the BGeXperience Distinguished Faculty Award in recognition of her work in bringing critical exploration of personal and social values into science education.

Keynote Speaker

Studying Evolution in Deep Time

The 49thAnnual Ohio Junior Science & Humanities Symposium 17

Dr. Peg Yacobucci, Associate Professor,Department of Geology, BGSU

The 49thAnnual Ohio Junior Science & Humanities Symposium18

2012 Poster Presenters

Kaitlyn Allen, Hilltop High School“Comparing Pig Flesh Rate of Decay in LiquidPreservatives”

Cody Appleton, Hilltop High School“Multitasking Ability of the Brain”

Sumit Banerjee, Maumee Valley Country Day School“Detecting and Characterizing Stained Cells in theCoshlear Nucleus Using MATLAB”

Christopher Bucklad, Gahanna Lincoln High School“Using a Spatial Analysis to Compare Novice andExpert Bowlers”

Samantha Burkholder, Hilltop High School“Does the Body Build Up a Tolerance to EnergyDrinks?”

Haylee Carroll, Hilltop High School“Bacteria Growth in Showers: School vs. Household”

Marlee Carroll, Hilltop High School“How Does Projectile Angle Affect Blood SpatterDrop Size?”

Yuran Chen, Sylvania Southview High School“The Effects of Ionizing (UV) Radiation on Killing andDeactivating Gram Positive and Negative Bacteria”

Noelle Chester, Hilltop High School“Which is Better for Comprehension: Writing Notesor Note Hand-Outs?”

Katherine Clark, Buckeye Valley Middle School“Speeding Curling Stones”

Austin Cozzo, Buckeye Valley Middle School“Gigahertz vs. Kilowatts”

Catherine Dong, Sylvania Southview High School“The Effects of G-CSF on Neutrophil Development”

Grayson Dubanowich, Buckeye Valley High School“Search Engine Efficiency”

Griffin Dubanowich, Buckeye Valley High School“The Impact of Temperature on Photovoltaic CellVoltage Output”

Nicolette Dunson, Hilltop High School“What Time of Day Can a Hamster Negotiate a Mazethe Quickest?”

Jackson Frazier, Louisville High School“Determination of the Exponential Growth Phase ofStaphylococcus aureus Using Spectrophtometry”

Omar Gad, Sylvania Southview High School“Observing Trends and Correlations Among HighSchool and College Athletes with a Torn ACL”

Jared Galloway, Fairland High School“The Effects of Resilin Gene Deletion and Inhibitionon the Flight and Mating Success of Drosophilamelanogaster”

Brienna Garber, Buckeye Valley Middle School“Which Storage Method Will Work Best?”

Kelly Geis, Hilltop High School“The Correlation Between Foot Position and AnkleInjuries”

Gianni Gonzalez, Buckeye Valley High School“Are the Patterns in Your Iris Genetic?”

Cierra Grant, Hilltop High School“Are You What You Eat: A Comparison of PhysicalStrength Before and After Eating Healthier”

MJ Haidar, Sylvania Southview High School“The Effects of Schoolwork on Stress Levels in HighSchool Students”

Natalie Hoffmire, Pettisville Junior High School“The Effect of External Rewards on Children’sPerformance”

Nick Hyall, Buckeye Valley Middle School“Does the Amount of Air Pressure Inside a BasketballAffect the Percentage of Making a Foul Shot?”

Rona Jiang, Sylvania Southview High School“The Effect of Pseudomonas aeruginosa on Motor Oiland Elodea Canadensis in Freshwater Oil Spills”

Ethan Jones, Buckeye Valley Middle School“The Flying Ball”

Alyssa Kempf, Hilltop High School“Candida albicans in Canis lupus familiaris”

Evan King, Pettisville Junior High School“The Effect of Temperature on Battery Life”

Luke Kleilein, Buckeye Valley Middle School“Will Ventilation Reduce Gaseous Ammonia in MyRabbit Barn?”

Taylor Kruse, Pettisville High School“A Comparative Analysis of the Meat QualityCharacteristics of Rabbit Meat to Other Types ofCommercial Meat”

2012 Poster Presenters

Timothy Lee, Sylvania Southview High School“Efficiency and Accuracy to Complete Multiple Tasksversus a Single Task at Once”

Erin Lewis, Buckeye Valley Middle School“Can You Open This? Are Child-Proof ContainersReally Child-Resistent?”

Alexandra Maneval, Hilltop High School“The Effectiveness of Hand Sanitizers on InhibitingStaphylococcus epidemridis”

Morgan McCandless, Hilltop High School“The Adhesion of a Formaldehyde Adhesive VersusNon-Formaldehyde Adhesives”

Hannah Meller, Pettisville High School“The Effect of Various Worm Casting Applications onthe Growth of Solanum lycopersicum”

Kasey Morris, Buckeye Valley Middle School“Drag Factor”

Drew Murray, Hilltop High School“Music’s Affect on the Mind”

Jered Nathan, Hilltop High School“The Effects of Electromagnetic Currents on GreenAlgae”

Sedona Neumann, Buckeye Valley Middle School“What pH Value of Different Beverages Makes ToothEnamel Decay Faster?”

Kristen Oxender, Hilltop High School“The Correlation Between Household Pets andDemodex folliculorum”

Daniel Patterson, Gahanna Lincoln High School“Exploring the Possibilities of Alien Life”

Iesha Patton, Gahanna Lincoln High School“The Effects and Analysis of Bio-Mechanics of SprintRunning”

Kazune Pax, Sylvania Southview High School“The Comparison of Corn Syrup Remaining onTypodonts After Brushing with VariousToothbrushes”

Maggie Peddicord, Buckeye Valley Middle School“How Much Iron is in Your Cereal?”

Cherice Peters, Fairfield Union High School“How does the Slope of a Horse's Scapular CervicalBorder Affect its Precision over a Fence?”

Sara Pharazyn, Buckeye Valley High School“Determining How Quickly Different Pollutants TravelThrough Different Soils”

Sarah Plassman, Pettisville High School“The Effect of Sleep on Short Term Memory”

Megan Porter, Gilmour Academy“System for Testing Protein Import IntoMitochondria”

Alex Ragusitu, Sylvania Southview High School“Adolescents’ Susceptibility to Peer Influence”

Matthew Ray, Gilmour Academy“An Improved Lonza Flashgel System for VisualizingPolymerase Chain Reaction Products ”

Kaela Ream, Buckeye Valley Middle School“Ancient vs. Modern; Which Works Better?”

Mallory Riegsecker, Pettisville Junior High School“Gender Differences in Multitasking”

Zach Ritter, Gilmour Academy“Yeast in Vivo Cloning”

Veronica Roth, Hilltop High School“Which Drinks Can Stain Your Smile?”

Andrew Sauder, Pettisville Junior High School“Slowest Flicker Rate to Conserve Energy”

Kelsey Scherer, Sylvania Southview High School“The Psychological Impact of Acne vulgaris onAdolescents Socialization, Self-Esteem, and BodySatisfaction of Various Demographic Backgrounds”

Nisitha Sengottuvel, Gahanna Lincoln High School“The Potential Correlation between Competition andDomain Specific Creativity”

Jasmine Serpen, Sylvania Southview High School“Natural Sugar Content in Natural Fruit Juice inComparison to Fruit Juices with "No Sugar Added"

Sheila Shahri, Sylvania Southview High School“The Effect of Bilinguals' Language Complexity onTheir Performance on an Alternate Uses Test”

Disha Shidham, Upper Arlington High School“The Most Effective Material and Color in Offsettingthe Effects of 446-477 Wavelengths of Light on theCircadian Rhythm?”

The 49thAnnual Ohio Junior Science & Humanities Symposium 19

The 49thAnnual Ohio Junior Science & Humanities Symposium20

2012 Poster Presenters

Kylie Shumate, Buckeye Valley Middle School“Which Fruit Affects Your Blood Sugar the Most?”

Angela Smith, Louisville High School“The Search for Phage in Staphylococcus Aureus: AnAnswer to Antibiotic Resistant Strains of Bacteria”

Jackie Smith, Hilltop High School“How Oral pH Level is Affected by Chewing Gum”

Elaine Souder, Louisville High School“The Effects of pH and Temperature on GasProduction”

Noah Thompson, Buckeye Valley Middle School“Can a Hovercraft be an Effective Usable Vehicle?”

Bailey Tigges, Buckeye Valley Middle School“Afterimage Times”

Ashley Tompkins, Hilltop High School“How the Environment Affects Decomposition andBone Strength of Deer Bones”

Thomas Tritt, Louisville High School“The Effects of Weathering on the Strength ofConcrete”

Kaylista Underwood, Hilltop High School“How Does Body Position Affect a Pitcher’s Speed?”

Anamika Veeramani, Laurel School“Combating Bio Terrorism: Determination ofMinimum Pathogen DNA Template Concentration(MPC) for Rapid, Accurate, and Efficient Detection ofBio Terror Agents!”

Clay Waidelich, Pettisville Junior High School“The Effect of Bat Mass on the Distance a Ball Travels”

Emily Wells, Carroll High School“The Corrosion Mechanism of Aluminum (Al) inAqueous Solutions”

Shi’Anna Whitman, Hilltop High School“Which Agricultural Product Melts Ice QuickerCompared to Road Salt in Outdoor Conditions?”

Gardon Wycoff, Buckeye Valley Middle School“Calculating the Terminal Velocity of a Falling Object”

Brenda Wilson, Buckeye Valley Middle School“Swimming in the Scioto River”

The 49thAnnual Ohio Junior Science & Humanities Symposium 21

Judges Score Sheet for

Paper Presenters Name of Student __________________________________ Name of Judge: __________________________________

School______________________________________________________________________________________________

The Ohio JSHS recognizes students for original research achievements in the sciences, technology, engineering, or mathematics (STEM). The overall requirement for a paper presentation is that students demonstrate valid investigationand experimentation aimed at discovery of knowledge. The judging criteria and scoring for the Ohio JSHS are presentedin the following chart. This scale has a total score of 30 points and serves as the basis for discussions among the judgingteam. The decisions of the judging team are final.

1= Fair 2 = Satisfactory 3 = Good 4 = Excellent 5 = Superior

Judging Criteria Statement and identification of research problem

• Is the problem clearly stated? • Does the presenter demonstrate understanding of existing knowledge about the research problem?

Scientific thought, creativity/originality • Process skills demonstrated by the student in the solution to the research problem and/or the

research design • Student demonstrates his or her individual contributions to and understanding of the

research problem • Level of effort

Research design, procedures (materials & methods), results 1. Science

• Appropriateness of research design and procedures • Identification and control of variables • Reproducibility

2. Engineering, computer science, technology • Workable solution that is acceptable to a potential user • Recognition of economic feasibility of solution • Recognition of relationship between design and end product • Tested for performance under conditions of use • Results offer an improvement over previous alternatives

Discussion/conclusions • Clarity in stating conclusion • Logical conclusion that is relevant to the research problem and the results of experimentation

or testing • Recognizes limits and significance of results • Evidence of student’s understanding of the scientific or technological principles • Theoretical or practical implications recognized • What was learned?

Skill in communicating research results–oral presentation and written report • Clarity in communicating research results to non-specialized audience and to judges • Definition of terms as necessary • Appropriate use of audio-visuals • Response to questions from audience and judges

Acknowledgment of sources and major assistance received

TOTAL SCORE

Suggested Weight

1 2 3 4 5

1 2 3 4 5

1 2 3 4 5

1 2 3 4 5

1 2 3 4 5

1 2 3 4 5

The 49thAnnual Ohio Junior Science & Humanities Symposium22

Judges Score Sheet for

Poster Presenters Student Name ______________________________________________________________________

School _____________________________________________________________________________

A. Quality of Research Design: Superior Excellent Good

______________ 1. Clarity and delineation of problem

______________ 2. Identification of variables

______________ 3. Suitability of research equipment

______________ 4. Recognition of limitations in the data

______________ 5. Degree to which the data support the conclusions

______________ 6. Uniqueness or originality of the research topic

B. Quality of Presentation: Superior Excellent Good

______________ 7. Abstract

______________ 8. Organization of the presentation

______________ 9. Clarity of expression of graphs and tables

______________ 10. Response to questions from judges

C. Overall Evaluation:

Superior Excellent Good

D. JUDGES’ COMMENTS / Recommendations:

11. Things done well:

12. Improvements to consider:

1st Place Winner – Austen Mance, Sylvania Southview High School• $2,000 Ohio JSHS College Scholarship sponsored by the United States Army, Navy, and Air Force • Attended the 2010 National JSHS held in Bethesda, Maryland, with expenses paid • Presented her Research Paper at 2010 National JSHS • Competed for a $12,000, $8,000 or $4,000 scholarship plus an expenses-paid trip to the London

International Youth Science Forum (LIYSF)

2nd Place Winner – Himanshu Savardekar, Dublin Coffman High School• $1,500 Ohio JSHS College Scholarship sponsored by the United States Army, Navy, and Air Force • Attended the 2010 National JSHS held in Bethesda, Maryland, with expenses paid • Presented his Research Paper at 2010 National JSHS • Competed for a $12,000, $8,000 or $4,000 scholarship plus an expenses-paid trip to the London

International Youth Science Forum (LIYSF)

3rd Place Winner – Peeyush Shrivastava, William Mason High School• $1,000 Ohio JSHS College Scholarship sponsored by the United States Army, Navy, and Air Force • Attended the 2010 National JSHS held in Bethesda, Maryland, with expenses paid

4th Place Winner – Nisitha Sengottuvel, Gahanna Lincoln High School• $500 Award sponsored by the College of Arts and Sciences, BGSU• Attended the 2010 National JSHS held in Bethesda, Maryland, with expenses paid

5th Place Winner – Samuel Chang, Sylvania Southview High School

• $250 Award sponsored by the Chemistry Department, BGSU• Attended the 2010 National JSHS held in Bethesda, Maryland, with expenses paid

1st Alternate – Michael Fu, Beavercreek High School• $150 Award sponsored by College of Education and Human Development, BGSU

2nd Alternate – Alison Yang, Sylvania Southview High School• $100 Award sponsored by the Physics and Astronomy Department, BGSU

Thomas Alva Edison Award – Sulaiman Mustapha, Toledo Islamic Academy• $250 Award sponsored by the Department of Biological Sciences, BGSU

Research Paper Awardees: 2011

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The 49thAnnual Ohio Junior Science & Humanities Symposium24

Research Poster Awardees: 2011

“Best in Show” Award – Aarti Kumar, William Mason High School• Presented poster at the National JSHS held in San Diego, California• Expenses sponsored by Perstorp Polyols, Inc.

Outstanding Poster: 1st Place - 9th and 10th Grade Award– Erin Kielmeyer, Bowling Green High School

• $50 Award sponsored by the Northwest Ohio STEM Consortium/COSMOS, BGSU

Outstanding Poster: 1st Place - 11th and 12th Grade Award– Ibtissam Gad, Sylvania Southview High School

• $50 Award sponsored by the Northwest Ohio STEM Consortium/COSMOS, BGSU

Outstanding Poster: 2nd Place - 9th and 10th Grade Award– Megan Russell, Buckeye Valley High School

• $25 Award sponsored by the Northwest Ohio STEM Consortium/COSMOS, BGSU

Outstanding Poster: 2nd Place - 11th and 12th Grade Award– Susan Salari, Sylvania Southview High School

• $25 Award sponsored by the Northwest Ohio STEM Consortium/COSMOS, BGSU

Outstanding Poster: Junior High School– 1st Place: – Hannah Meller, Pettisville Local Schools– 2nd Place: – Noah Eblin, Buckeye Valley Middle School– 3rd Place: – Kristina Green, Buckeye Valley Middle School

Colonel George F. Leist Distinguished Teacher Award – Mr. Robert Sudomir, Louisville High School

• $500 School Award sponsored by the United States Army, Navy, and Air Force

Teacher Awardee: 2011

Mr. Robert Sudomir, Louisville High School

Research Paper Awards: 2012

1st Place Winner$2,000 College Scholarship sponsored by the United States Army, Navy, and Air Force

• Presents research paper at the National JSHS with expenses paid• Chance to compete for an expenses-paid trip to the London International Youth Science Forum (LIYSF)

2nd Place Winner$1,500 College Scholarship sponsored by the United States Army, Navy, and Air Force

• Presents research paper at the National JSHS with expenses paid• Chance to compete for an expenses-paid trip to the London International Youth Science Forum (LIYSF)

The 1st and 2nd place winners have an opportunity to win the following awards at the National JSHS:• Six $12,000 undergraduate tuition scholarships, awarded to each of the 1st place finalists in the the

National research paper competition • Six $8,000 undergraduate tuition scholarships, awarded to each of the 2nd place finalists in the the

National research paper competition • Six $4,000 undergraduate tuition scholarships, awarded to each of the 3rd place finalists in the the

National research paper competition • An expenses-paid trip to the London International Youth Science Forum, an exchange program bringing

together over 400 participants from 60 nations. The London trip is awarded to each of the 1st placeNational JSHS finalists; the runner-ups are alternate winners.

3rd Place Winner $1,000 College Scholarship sponsored by the United States Army, Navy, and Air Force

• Presents poster at the National JSHS with expenses paid• Expenses-paid trip to the the National JSHS

4th Place Winner$500 Award sponsored by the College of Arts and Sciences, BGSU

• Expenses-paid trip to the the National JSHS

5th Place Winner$250 Award sponsored by the Department of Chemistry, BGSU

• Expenses-paid trip to the the National JSHS

1st Alternate$150 Award sponsored by the College of Education and Human Development, BGSU

2nd Alternate$100 Award sponsored by the Department of Physics and Astronomy, BGSU

Thomas Alva Edison Award $250 Award sponsored by the Department of Biological Sciences, BGSU

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The 49thAnnual Ohio Junior Science & Humanities Symposium26

Participants’ Choice Awards: 2012Awards to the top five posters for high school.

Colonel George F. Leist Distinguished Teacher Award$500 Teacher Award for Classroom Materials sponsored by the United States Army, Navy, and Air Force

Teacher Awardee: 2012

2012 Ohio Junior Science & Humanities Symposium

Paper JudgesDr. Anjali Gray Biology & Health Sciences, Lourdes College Dr. Jon Bjorkman Physics & Astronomy, University of ToledoDr. David Meel Math & Statistics Department, Bowling Green State University Dr. Stephania Jo Messersmith Chemistry, Bowling Green State UniversityMr. Jerry Szelagowski Geologist, Industrial Chemist, RetiredMr. Daniel Yaussy United States Department of Agriculture, Forest Service

Poster JudgesDr. Jonathan Bostic School of Teaching and Learning, BGSUMr. Jake Burgoon NWO/COSMOS, BGSUDr. Paul Cesarini VC&TE, College of Technology, BGSUDr. Kate Dellenbusch Physics and Astronomy, BGSUDr. Shannon Finerty Biological Sciences, BGSUDr. Enrique Gomezdelcampo Environment and Sustainability, BGSUDr. Jodi Haney School of Teaching and Learning, BGSUDr. Larry Hatch VC&TE, College of Technology, BGSUDr. Raymon Kresman Computer Science, BGSUDr. John Laird Physics and Astronomy, BGSUDr. Andrew Layden Physics and Astronomy, BGSUDr. Gabriel Matney School of Teaching and Learning, BGSUDr. Bob Midden Chemistry, BGSUDr. Kurt Panter Geology, BGSUDr. Matt Partin Biological Sciences, BGSUDr. Vipa Phuntumart Biological Sciences, BGSUDr. Glenn Tiede Physics and Astronomy, BGSUDr. Eileen Underwood Biological Sciences, BGSUMiss Amy Wagner Biological Sciences, BGSUDr. Daniel Wiegman Biological Sciences, BGSUDr. Rick Worch School of Teaching and Learning, BGSU

Judging Teams

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The 49thAnnual Ohio Junior Science & Humanities Symposium28

Dr. Emilio Duran, Ohio JSHS Director, School of Teaching and Learning, BGSUDr. Robert Midden, NWO/COSMOS Director, Department of Chemistry, BGSULTC Douglas A. Mohler, U.S. Army, Commander /Professor, Military Science, BGSUMs. Iris Szelagowski, Ohio JSHS Co-Coordinator, Science Teacher, RetiredMr. Hans Glandorff, Ohio JSHS Co-Coordinator, Science Teacher, Bowling Green High School

2012 Ohio Junior Science & Humanities Symposium

Session ModeratorsDonna Meller Pettisville Local Schools, TeacherBlythe Tipping Sylvania Southview High School, TeacherAbbie Smith Millcreek-West Unity High School, TeacherAnn Burkam Buckeye Valley Middle School, TeacherFred Donelson Gahanna Lincoln High School, TeacherCristin Hagans Hilltop High School, TeacherRobert Sudomir Louisville High School, Teacher

Support Staff Lisa Addis NWO/COSMOS, Graphic Design/Web SupportJessica Belcher NWO/COSMOS, Registration/Web SupportJacob Burgoon NWO/COSMOS, EvaluationPatie 0Ball Photographer

Session Presiders/Program Assistants/ChaperonsBGSU Undergraduate Students

University SponsorsCollege of Arts and Sciences, BGSUCollege of Education and Human Development, BGSUDepartment of Biological Sciences, BGSUDepartment of Chemistry, BGSUDepartment of Physics and Astronomy, BGSUNWO/COSMOS, BGSUSchool of Teaching and Learning, BGSU

Community SponsorsLinda Lower, Perstorp Polyols, Inc., ToledoLeslie Yaussy, RN, BSN, DelawareDaniel Yaussy, U.S. Dept. of Agriculture, Forest Service

Special Thanks Ice Arena, BGSU Planetarium, BGSUMarine Biology Lab, BGSUThe Oaks, BGSUHampton Inn, Bowling Green

Acknowledgments

Dr. Emilio Duran, Ohio JSHS Director Dr. Robert Midden, NWO/COSMOS DirectorSchool of Teaching and Learning, BGSU Department of Chemistry, BGSU

Dr. Lena Ballone Duran Ms. Linda LowerSchool of Teaching and Learning, BGSU Perstorp Polyols, Inc.

Ms. Iris Szelagowski Mr. Hans GlandorffOhio JSHS Coordinator Ohio JSHS CoordinatorRetired Teacher Bowling Green High School

Dr. Jon Secaur Mr. Gerald SzelagowskiKent State University Geologist, Industrial Chemist

Ms. Leslie Yaussy, RN, BSN Mr. Daniel YaussyPublic Health Nurse, Adv. Professional, Delaware Forest Service, U.S. Dept. of Agriculture

Ms. Blythe Tipping Ms. Donna MellerSylvania Southview High School Pettisville High School

Ms. Ann Burkam Mr. Fred DonelsonBuckeye Valley Middle School Gahanna Lincoln High School

Ms. Abbie Smith Ms. Cristin HagansMillcreek-West Unity School Hilltop High School

Mr. Robert Sudomir Mr. Jacob BurgoonLouisville High School NWO/COSMOS, BGSU

Ms. Jessica Belcher Ms. Lisa AddisNWO/COSMOS, BGSU NWO/COSMOS, BGSU

2012 Ohio Junior Science & Humanities Symposium

Advisory Board

The 49thAnnual Ohio Junior Science & Humanities Symposium 29

The 49thAnnual Ohio Junior Science & Humanities Symposium30

In 1958, Colonel George F. Leist, a native Toledo resident, together with the U.S. Army Research Office, initiated the Junior Science & Humanities Symposium (JSHS) for secondary school science studentsthroughout the United States. The JSHS Program has been sponsored by the United States Department of the Army since its inception. The Departments of the Navy and Air Force joined this initiative after 1995 to increase and encourage student interest in science, engineering, and mathematics. Resulting from this sponsorship and the cooperative efforts of universities throughout the nation, the JSHS program encompasses forty-eight regional symposia reaching high schools throughout the United States,Puerto Rico, and in cooperation with the Department of Defense Schools of Europe and the Pacific.

In 2012, Bowling Green State University and the School of Teaching and Learning at BGSU with the support of The Northwest Ohio Center of Excellence in STEM Education (NWO) will host the 49th Ohio JSHSfor the fifth year. At the symposium, first and second place finalists will be chosen to present their researchpapers at the National JSHS to be held in Bethesda, Maryland, on May 2 to May 6, 2012. These two paperpresenter finalists will compete at the National JSHS for a $12,000 scholarship and one of six opportunitiesto represent the United States at the London International Youth Science Forum (LIYSF) during the summerof 2012. The LIYSF is an exchange program that brings together over 400 participants from 60 nations.

In addition, the third, fourth, and fifth place Paper Presenters will be awarded an all expenses paid trip to the National JSHS. These five Ohio JSHS awardees will have the opportunity to interact with over 400 participants in a program of networking and scientific exchange. Since 1966, fifty-two Ohio JSHS winners have presented papers at the National JSHS. Having earned a first place award, sixteen of these students have subsequently presented their papers at the LIYSF in London, England.

WHY PARTICIPATE?

Former JSHS participants confirm that the significance and results of JSHS extend beyond scholarships andrecognition. At regional and national symposia students and their teachers have the opportunity to:

• Participate in a forum honoring exceptional work and encouraging personal and academic growth.

• Interact with practicing researchers who offer a look beyond high school to opportunities in post secondary education and to academic and career development in the sciences, engineering, and mathematics.

• Develop higher-order thinking skills and integrated learning across disciplines through the process of scientific inquiry, writing a scientific paper, and developing a presentation – all skills that will benefit future postsecondary and graduate pursuits.

• Participate in a scientific conference, take field trips, and have their work published.

• Gain self-confidence not only through the experience of the research investigation, but also through networking among participants of similar interests.

History of the Junior Science &

Humanities Symposium

The Thomas Alva Edison Award is presented each year to the student who has independently constructedresearch equipment and carried out a successful research investigation. The following students are past winners of this award:

Year Name School1979 Diana Lauck Ravenna High School1981 James Kasner West Holmes High School, Millersburg1982 Cindy Raymond Roosevelt High School, Kent1983 Eric Wertz Lakeview High School, Stow1984 Lyle Reusser West Holmes High School, Millersburg1985 David Roberts Westerville North High School1986 Eric Germann Lincolnview High School, Van Wert Co.1987 Rodney Hartman Bloom-Carroll High School, Carroll1988 Matthew Fuerst Wickliffe Senior High School1989 Michael McGrath Ashland City High School1990 Mathew Heston Carrollton High School1991 Michael Ruthemeyer St. Xavier High School, Cincinnati1992 Gregory Lohman Highland High School, Medina1993 Aimee Springowski Brookside High School, Sheffield Lake1994 Jeff Smith Sylvania Southview High School1995 Stephan M. Gogola Theodore Roosevelt High School, Kent1996 Adreanna Decker Barnesville High School1997 Lev Horodyskyj Padua Franciscan High School, North Royalton1998 Lev Horodyskyj Padua Franciscan High School, North Royalton1999 Andrew Sauer St. Xavier High School, Cincinnati2000 Margaret Engoren Sylvania Southview High School2001 Lindsey Heine Sylvania Southview High School2002 James Ristow Theodore Roosevelt High School, Kent2003 Jared Steed Buckeye Valley High School, Delaware2004 Jared Steed Buckeye Valley High School, Delaware2005 Robbie Christian Hoover High School, North Canton2006 Alex Liber Sylvania Southview High School2007 Ruth Chang Sylvania Southview High School

Victoria Ellis Sylvania Southview High School2008 Elizabeth Engoren Sylvania Southview High School2009 Abigail Styron Hilltop High School, Alvordton2010 Russell Kittel Gahanna Lincoln High School2011 Sulaiman Mustapha Toledo Islamic Academy

Thomas Alva Edison Award

Cumulative Awards

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The 49thAnnual Ohio Junior Science & Humanities Symposium32

The Colonel George F. Leist Distinguished Teacher Award

Each year, an Ohio teacher is selected to receive The Colonel George F. Leist Distinguished Teacher Award.The United States Army, Navy, and Air Force sponsor this award of $500 to purchase books, supplies, and equipment for the school. The following teachers have been honored as past winners of the Colonel George F. Leist Distinguished Teacher Award:

Year Name School1978 Father Charles S. Sweeney St. John’s High School, Toledo1979 Father James Lotze St. John’s High School, Toledo1980 Earl Shafer Bowling Green High School1981 Jerry Jividen Hudson High School1982 Jon Secaur Roosevelt High School, Kent1983 Sister Mary Blandina Cardinal Stritch High School, Toledo1984 Rebecca Stricklin Oak Hills High School, Cincinnati1985 Kay Ballantine Sheridan High School, Thornville1986 Iris Szelagowski Woodward High School, Toledo1987 Diane Gabriel Bloom-Carroll High School, Carroll1988 Spencer E. Reams Benjamin Logan High School, Zanesfield1989 Father Charles S. Sweeney St. John’s High School, Toledo1990 Jon Secaur Roosevelt High School, Kent1991 John A. Blakeman Perkins High School, Sandusky1992 Penny Karabedian Cobau Sylvania Southview High School1993 Vaughn D. Leigh Hudson High School1994 Penny Karabedian Cobau Sylvania Southview High School1995 Kathleen Keller Carroll High School, Dayton1996 John Jameson Cincinnati Country Day1997 Evelyn Davidson Ursuline Academy, Cincinnati1998 Paula Butler Cincinnati Country Day1999 Barbara Kraemer Padua Franciscan High School, North Royalton2000 Susan Sanders Padua Franciscan High School, North Royalton2001 Tim Giulivg Padua Franciscan High School, North Royalton2002 Darla Warnecke Miller City High School2003 Peggy Sheets Upper Arlington High School2004 Connie Hubbard Hoover High School, North Canton2005 Ann Burkam Buckeye Valley Middle School, Delaware2006 Hans Glandorff Bowling Green High School2007 Connie Hubbard Hoover High School, North Canton2008 Donna Meller Pettisville Local Schools, Wauseon2009 Cristin Hagans Hilltop High School, West Unity2010 Blythe Tippings Sylvania Southview High School2011 Robert Sudomir Louisville High School

Cumulative Record of the State of Ohio StudentPresenters to the National JSHS

1966-L Patricia Fraser Regina HS, Mayfield Heights1967-L Mark Meuty Woodward HS, Toledo1968-L Katharine Lowenhaupt Walnut Hills HS, Cincinnati1969-L Susan Krueger Magnificant HS,

North Olmsted1970-L Bruce Arthur Westerville HS1971-L Robert Butcher Wapakoneta HS1972-L Jon Alexander St. John’s HS, Maumee1973-L William Steers St. John’s HS, Toledo1974-L Francis Sydnor St. John’s HS, Toledo1975-L Jane Stoffregen St. Ursula Academy, Toledo1976 Harlan Krumholz Meadowdale HS, Dayton1977 Paul Cahill East HS, Akron1978 Kevin Anderson St. John’s HS, Toledo1979-L Eric Evans Stow HS1980 Carl Von Patterson Ravenna HS1981 Kelly McAleese Black River HS, Medina1982 Robert Sturgill St. John’s HS Toledo1983 Shirley Bodi Cardinal Stritch HS, Toledo1984 Douglas Gorman Oak Hills HS, Cincinnati1985 Robert Freeman Sheridan HS, Thornville1986 Jill Thomley Woodward HS, Toledo1987 Kenneth Clubok Athens HS1988 Ron Birnbaum Maumee Valley Country Day

School, Toledo1989 Aaron P. Garcia St. John’s HS, Toledo1990 Simon Solotko Roosevelt HS, Kent1991 Joann Elizabeth Roy Perkins HS, Sandusky1992 Andrew Gano Sylvania Southview HS1993 Daniel Stevenson Hudson HS

1994-L Scott Damrauer Sylvania Southview HS1995 Amy Caudy Big Walnut HS, Sunbury1996 Paul Gemin Carroll HS, Dayton1997 Smita Dé Cincinnati Country Day School1998 Stephanie Meyers Ursuline Academy, Cincinnati1999 Jason Lee Douglas Cincinnati Country Day School2000-L Ulyana Horodyskyj Padua Franciscan HS, North

Royalton2001 Ulyana Horodyskyj Padua Franciscan HS, North

Royalton2002 Ulyana Horodyskyj Padua Franciscan HS, North

Royalton2003-L James Zhou Upper Arlington HS2004 Paul Hoffman Upper Arlington HS2005 Paul Scheid Gilmour Academy, Gates Mills

Laura Johnson Upper Arlington HS2006 Daniel Litt Orange HS, Pepper Pike

Madhav Chopra Hoover HS, North Canton2007 Jyotiraditya Sinha Hoover HS, North Canton

Saumitra Thakur Sylvania Southview HS2008-L Aaditya Shidham Upper Arlington HS

David Litt Orange HS, Pepper Pike2009-L Keith Hawkins GlenOak HS, Canton

Kevin Hawkins GlenOak HS, Canton2010 Karen Kruzer West Geauga HS, Chesterland

Dennis Tseng William Mason HS, Mason2011 Austen Mance Sylvania Southview HS

Himanshu Savardekar Dublin Coffman HS

The 49thAnnual Ohio Junior Science & Humanities Symposium 33

Year Name School Year Name School

L = Winners of National JSHS who presented papers at the London International Youth Science Forum (LIYSF).

The 49th Annual Ohio Junior Science & Humanities Symposium

March 21-23, 2012

Sponsored by:

School of Teaching and Learning