old chinese proverb with money, you can...
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OldChineseproverb
Withmoney,youcanbuy:
ahouse,notahome aclock,not/me abed,notsleep abook,notknowledge adoctor,notgoodhealth posi/on,notrespect blood,notlife sex,notlove
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pecus–ca:le
pecunia-money
pecunia=money(frombarteringwithca:le)
Later,paidwithblocksofbronze,castwith
figureofox/cowtoindicateitsvalue.
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MoneyGoddess,JUNOMONETA(theadvisor),
wifeofJupiter,protectressoffinances
Romansestablishedfirstmintinthe
templededicatedtoherinRome
mint:f.OEmynetf.Lmonetamoney:f.MFmoneief.Lmoneta
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InTmeofRepublicandEmpire,coinswere
usedtopromoteconsulsandemperors.
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caputcapiTs=head>capital,‘wealthowned
byanindividualorcompany’
BriTshcurrency:originallypounds,shillings
&pence(decimalisaTonin1971)
L:libra(Romanweights/pound)
S:solidi(lightergold,72topound)D:denarii(silveralloy,96topound)
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Sterling
History:A`er1066,FrenchusedtheirownsilvercoinsinBritain,
stampedwithasmallstar,‘esterlin’.Poundsterlingwasoriginally240esterlincoinsand,un/ldecimaliza/on,therewere240pencetothepound.
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Othermoneyma:ers:
• salary:f.Lsalarium,‘moneygiventosoldiersforsalt’,fL.sal,‘salt’.
• fiscalma:ers:ma:ersrelaTngtogovernmentrevenue,
especiallytaxes
f.L.fiscus,‘purse,chest,treasury’- moneyfromtaxesofRomanprovinceswaskeptintheimperial
fisc(treasury)ineachprovince.• bankrupt:unabletopayone’sdebtsf.It.banca,‘bench’+L.rupta,broken
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Fiscalshrike/Laniuscollaris‘butcherwithacollar’
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BinomialClassificaTon
• Systemforclassifyingplantsandanimalsaccordingtotheir
Genus(capitalized)andspecies(notcapitalized).• OriginallyinGreekbutin18thcenturychangedtoLaTnbySwedishbotanist,CarlvonLinne(CarolusLinnaeus).
• AlllivingthingsclassifiedlikethisaccordingtotheInternaTonalCodeofBotanicalandBiologicalnomenclature.
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e.g.
Helianthusannuus-commonsunflower
Vulpesfulva-redfoxPantheraleo-lionUrsushorribilis-grizzlybearPhocoenaphocoena-porpoise(porcus+piscis)
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Moraeavuvuzela–Irisvuvuzela
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WordsassociatedwithpoliTcs
• fascism(2016,4thmostsearchedwordinthedicTonary’s
history):authoritarian,right-wingsystemofgovernment
[It.fascismf.fascio,bundle,group,f.L.fascis,bundle)
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2016mostsearchedwordsontheinternet
• misogyny:hatredofwomen[Gk.misos,hatred+gune/gyne,woman]
• xenophobia:intensedislikeorfearofforeignersorstrangers[Gk.xenos,strange,foreign+phobos,fear]• paranoia:mentaldisordercharacterisedbydelusions[
Gk.para,beside,beyond+noos,mind]
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Trumpism:denotesextremeright-
wing,narcissisTc,anT-immigrant
viewsandovertpatrioTsm
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Trumpisms
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Zuma-isms
“Theprincipleofuserpayhastobe
appliedtocomplementthemoney
governmentspent.Thisiswhatall
economiesintheworlddo.Wecan’t
thinklikeAfricansinAfrica…We’rein
Johannesburg.”
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• candidate:personseekingelecTonetc.[L.candidatus,clothedinwhitef.togacandida]
• ambiTon:strongdesireforsuccess
[L.ambire,togoaround/canvassforvotes]
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• onceelected,hewouldbeinstalledinoffice
whentheomenswerefavourable>ominous
• anaugur(soothsayer/priest)wouldinterpretomens.
• iffavourabletheninauguraTonceremony
wouldtakeplace.
• anauspexwasalsoasoothsayer/priestwhoreadthesignsofbirdstoassessomens.
• avis,‘bird’+spicere,‘towatch’=auspicious• undertheauspicesof=withthesupportof• ‘thisaugurswell’=thisisagoodsign
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• democracy:governmentbythepeopleortheirelected
representaTves[Gk.demos,people+kra/a,power]• demagogue:poliTcalleaderwhoseekssupportbyappealingto
populardesiresandprejudicesratherthanbyusingraTonal
argument
[Gk.demos,people+agogos,leading]• ingenuous:innocent,naive(L.ingenuus,naTve,freeborn)• disingenuous:notsincere
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• oligarchy:governmentbyasmallgroupofpeople;asmall
cliqueofprivateciTzenswhoexertastronginfluenceon
government
[Gk.oligos,few+archein,torule]e.g.Russia,China,NorthKorea
• kleptocracy:governmentwherethoseinpowerexploit
naTonalresourcesandsteal
e.g.Russia,Nigeria,ZaireandHaiT–SouthAfrica???
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• plutocracy:rulebythewealthy[Gk.ploutos,wealth]e.g.Russia,America??
• gerontocracy:rulebyelders[Gk.gerontos,oldman+kratos]e.g.ancientGerousiaofSparta;SovietUnionin1970s;tribal
communiTes
• stratocracy:governmentbythemilitary[Gk.stratos,army]
e.g.Myanmar,Egypt
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Germany Angela Merkel
United Kingdom Theresa May
Taiwan Tsai Ing-Wen
Liberia Ellen Johnson
Jamaica Portia Simpson-Miller
Burma Aung San Suu Kyi
Chile Michelle Bachelet
Estonia Kersti Kaljulaid
Gynaecocracy
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Impeachment
• impeach:tochargeapublicofficialwithanoffencecommi:ed
inoffice[L.in+pedica,infootchains]
• ImpeachmentistheFIRSTstagetoremoveanofficialfrom
office.
• SecondstageisremovalfromofficeuponCONVICTION.
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Impeachments
Iran Abolhassan Banisadr
1980
USA Bill Clinton
2000
Philippines
JosephEstraden
2000
Iran
AbolhassanBanisadr
1980
USA
BillClinton
2000
Pakistan
PervezMusharaff
2000
1974
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Brazil Dilma Rousseff
2016
Appealing impeachment
South Africa President Jacob Zuma
2016
Impeachment failed
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• ostracize:toexcludeorbanishapersonfromaparTcular
grouporsociety
[Gk.ostracon,brokenpieceofpo:ery(onwhichnameswere
wri:eninvoTngtobanishunpopularciTzens)]