old testament: poetry copyright by norman l. geisler 2005 old testament: poetry copyright by norman...

Old Testament:Old Testament:

PoetryPoetry

Copyright by Norman L. Geisler 2005Copyright by Norman L. Geisler 2005

Old Testament:Old Testament:

PoetryPoetry

Copyright by Norman L. Geisler 2005Copyright by Norman L. Geisler 2005

Jesus in Jesus in BothBoth TestamentsTestaments•In the OldIn the Old

•AnticipationAnticipation

•ComingComing

•ProphesiedProphesied

•ContainedContained

•ShadowShadow

•TypeType

•In the NewIn the New•RealizationRealization

•ArrivedArrived

•PresentPresent

•ExplainedExplained

•SubstanceSubstance

•TruthTruth

Jesus in Every Jesus in Every SectionSection• I. Law---------I. Law---------FoundationFoundation for Christ for Christ

• II. History-----II. History-----PreparationPreparation for Christ for Christ

• III. Poetry-----III. Poetry-----AspirationAspiration for Christfor Christ

• IV. ProphecyIV. Prophecy----ExpectationExpectation of Christ of Christ

•V. Gospels-----V. Gospels-----Manifestation Manifestation of Christof Christ

•VI. Acts--------VI. Acts--------PropagationPropagation of Christ of Christ

•VII. Epistles---VII. Epistles---IInterpretationnterpretation of Christof Christ

•VIII. Revelation--VIII. Revelation--ConsummationConsummation in Christ in Christ

Jesus in Poetry:Jesus in Poetry:•Aspiration for:Aspiration for:• Job------------------Job------------------MediationMediation by Christby Christ

•Psalms--------------Psalms--------------CommunionCommunion with Christ with Christ

•Proverbs------------Proverbs------------WisdomWisdom in Christ in Christ

•Ecclesiastes--------Ecclesiastes--------SatisfactionSatisfaction in Christ in Christ

•Song of Solomon--Song of Solomon--UnionUnion with Christ with Christ

Intro to the Books of PoetryIntro to the Books of Poetry

• I. Four Sections of Old TestamentI. Four Sections of Old Testament– A. Legal literatureA. Legal literature – – Moral life of the peopleMoral life of the people– B. Historical literatureB. Historical literature – – national life of the national life of the

peoplepeople– C. Poetical literatureC. Poetical literature – – spiritual life of the spiritual life of the

peoplepeople– DD. . Prophetical literatureProphetical literature – – future messianic future messianic

life of life of the people the people

Intro to the Books of PoetryIntro to the Books of Poetry

• II. Three Periods of Poetic LiteratureII. Three Periods of Poetic Literature– A. Patriarchal periodA. Patriarchal period – Job (c. 2000 B.C.) – Job (c. 2000 B.C.)– B. Davidic periodB. Davidic period – Psalms (c. 1000 B.C.) – Psalms (c. 1000 B.C.)– C. Solomonic periodC. Solomonic period--(--(c. 950 B.C.)c. 950 B.C.)

•Song of Solomon – young man’s loveSong of Solomon – young man’s love

•Proverbs – middle-aged man’s wisdomProverbs – middle-aged man’s wisdom

•Ecclesiastes – old man’s sorrow Ecclesiastes – old man’s sorrow

Intro to the Books of PoetryIntro to the Books of Poetry•III. Parallelism in OT PoetryIII. Parallelism in OT Poetry

– A. Synonymous parallelismA. Synonymous parallelism– B. Antithetical parallelismB. Antithetical parallelism– C. Synthetical parallelismC. Synthetical parallelism– D. Exemplar parallelismD. Exemplar parallelism

Intro to the Books of PoetryIntro to the Books of Poetry•III. Parallelism in OT TestamentIII. Parallelism in OT Testament

– A. Synonymous parallelismA. Synonymous parallelism•Both lines say substantially the same Both lines say substantially the same thingthing““When the morning stars sang When the morning stars sang together,together,

And all the sons of God shouted for And all the sons of God shouted for joy.”joy.”

(Job 38:7) (Job 38:7)


– B. Antithetical parallelismB. Antithetical parallelism•Second line provides contrasting Second line provides contrasting parallel to truth of first lineparallel to truth of first line

““Righteous exalts a nation,Righteous exalts a nation,

But sin is a reproach to any But sin is a reproach to any peoplepeople.” .”

(Prov. 14:34)(Prov. 14:34)

Intro to the Books of PoetryIntro to the Books of Poetry•III. Parallelism In OT Poetry III. Parallelism In OT Poetry

• C. Synthetical parallelismC. Synthetical parallelism•One line builds on previous lineOne line builds on previous line

““He is like a tree planted by streams He is like a tree planted by streams of water,of water,

That yields its fruit in its season,That yields its fruit in its season,

And its leaf does not wither.And its leaf does not wither.

In all that he does, he prospers.” In all that he does, he prospers.” (Psa. 1:3)(Psa. 1:3)


– D. Exemplar parallelismD. Exemplar parallelism•One line metaphorically illustrates One line metaphorically illustrates the literal truth of the otherthe literal truth of the other““As Iron sharpens iron,As Iron sharpens iron,

so one man sharpens another.”so one man sharpens another.”

(Prov. 27:17)(Prov. 27:17)

Intro to the Books of PoetryIntro to the Books of Poetry• III. Parallelism in OT PoetryIII. Parallelism in OT Poetry

– E. Parallels may be in:E. Parallels may be in:• Couplets (Distichs) – Psalm 36:5Couplets (Distichs) – Psalm 36:5

• Triplets (Tristichs) – Job 3:9Triplets (Tristichs) – Job 3:9

• Quatrains (Tetratichs) – Psalm 1:3Quatrains (Tetratichs) – Psalm 1:3

Was Job a Real Person?Was Job a Real Person?Was Job a Real Person?Was Job a Real Person?• 1. He lived in a real country (1:1).1. He lived in a real country (1:1).

• 2. His friends came from real places (2:11)2. His friends came from real places (2:11)

• 3. He had a reputation among real people (1:3).3. He had a reputation among real people (1:3).

• 4. He lived during a real time period (before the 4. He lived during a real time period (before the Law during the time of the Patriarchs).Law during the time of the Patriarchs).

• 5. He is referred to as a real person by the OT 5. He is referred to as a real person by the OT twice (Eze. 14:14, 20).twice (Eze. 14:14, 20).

• 6. He is mentioned as a real person by the NT 6. He is mentioned as a real person by the NT (Jas. 5:11). (Jas. 5:11).

Job – Aspiration for Job – Aspiration for MediationMediation by Christ by Christ

•Significance of SufferingSignificance of Suffering– Author: suffering isAuthor: suffering is pernicious pernicious (1-2) (1-2)– Job: suffering is aJob: suffering is a puzzle puzzle (3, etc.) (3, etc.)– Friends: suffering is Friends: suffering is penal penal (4-31)(4-31)– Elihu: suffering Elihu: suffering purifiespurifies (32-37) (32-37)– God: suffering is God: suffering is providential providential (38-(38-

42)42)

Job – Aspiration for Job – Aspiration for MediationMediation by Christ by Christ

•I. AfflictionI. Affliction of Job (1-2) of Job (1-2)

•II. DiscussionII. Discussion with Job (3- with Job (3-41)41)

•III. RestorationIII. Restoration of Job (42) of Job (42)

Job – Aspiration for Job – Aspiration for Mediation Mediation by Christby Christ

• I.I. AfflictionAffliction of Job (1-2) of Job (1-2) behind the behind the scenescene– A. A. The afflictedThe afflicted – Job (1a) – Job (1a)– B. B. The afflicterThe afflicter – Satan (1b) – Satan (1b)– C. C. The afflictionThe affliction – (1c-2) – (1c-2)

• II. II. Discussion Discussion with Job (3-41) with Job (3-41) on the on the scene scene– A. A. Lamentation Lamentation of Job (3) of Job (3)– B. B. Accusation Accusation of friends (4-31)of friends (4-31)– 1. The Accusers 1. The Accusers

Eliphas (theolgian) – God’s greatnessEliphas (theolgian) – God’s greatness Bildad (traditionalist) – justice Bildad (traditionalist) – justice Zophar (moralist) – human wisdomZophar (moralist) – human wisdom 2. The Accusations2. The Accusations a. Round One (4-14)a. Round One (4-14) b. Round Two (15-21)b. Round Two (15-21) c. Round three (22-36)c. Round three (22-36) 3. The Accused: Job’s Closing Speech (27-31) 3. The Accused: Job’s Closing Speech (27-31)

II. II. Discussion Discussion with Job (3-41) with Job (3-41) on the on the scenescene A. A. Lamentation Lamentation of Job (3) of Job (3) B. B. Accusation Accusation of friends (4-31)of friends (4-31)

– Note:Note:– 1. Each round get more intense.1. Each round get more intense.– 2. Job speaks twice as long as they 2. Job speaks twice as long as they

do.do.– 3. Zophar doesn’t speak the last 3. Zophar doesn’t speak the last

round.round.– C. C. Intervention Intervention of Elihu (32-37) of Elihu (32-37)– D. D. RevelationRevelation of the Lord (38-41) of the Lord (38-41)

Job – Aspiration for Job – Aspiration for Mediation Mediation by Christby Christ

• III. III. Restoration Restoration of Job (42) of Job (42) beyond the beyond the scene scene– A. A. Repentance Repentance of Job (42a) of Job (42a)– B. B. RewardReward of God (42b) of God (42b)– Conclusion:Conclusion: We cannot understand what is We cannot understand what is

happening happening on the sceneon the scene unless we know unless we know what went on what went on behind the scenebehind the scene and what and what will occurwill occur beyond the scene beyond the scene..

Lessons in JobLessons in Job•About GodAbout God

– He is sovereign (42:2)He is sovereign (42:2)– He is in control of Satan (1:6, 10; 2:1)He is in control of Satan (1:6, 10; 2:1)– He is the giver and taker of life (1:21)He is the giver and taker of life (1:21)– He is Creator (9:4; 10:8; 26:7; 38:1f)He is Creator (9:4; 10:8; 26:7; 38:1f)– He is Almighty (5:17; 6:4, 14; 8:3, etc.He is Almighty (5:17; 6:4, 14; 8:3, etc.– He is a Rewarder of faithfulness (42:12)He is a Rewarder of faithfulness (42:12)– He is righteous (9:2; 25:4)He is righteous (9:2; 25:4)– He is perfect in knowledge (21:22; 36:4)He is perfect in knowledge (21:22; 36:4)

Lessons in JobLessons in Job•About God (cont.)About God (cont.)

– He is the source of all wisdom He is the source of all wisdom (28:12f).(28:12f).

– He is eternal (36:26).He is eternal (36:26).– He is impartial (37:24)He is impartial (37:24)– He owns everything (41:11)He owns everything (41:11)

Lessons in JobLessons in Job

•About ChristAbout Christ– He is our Redeemer (19:25)He is our Redeemer (19:25)– He is our Resurrector (19:26)He is our Resurrector (19:26)– He is our Mediator (9:33 cf. 1Tim. 2:5)He is our Mediator (9:33 cf. 1Tim. 2:5)– My is our Advocate in heaven (16:19 cf. My is our Advocate in heaven (16:19 cf.

1Jn. 2:1)1Jn. 2:1)

Lessons in JobLessons in Job•About LifeAbout Life

– Not all suffering results from sin (1:1, 8)Not all suffering results from sin (1:1, 8)– We didn’t bring anything with us, and we won’t take We didn’t bring anything with us, and we won’t take

anything with us (1:21)anything with us (1:21)– We can trust our life with Him (13:15)We can trust our life with Him (13:15)– God tests us to purify us (23:10)God tests us to purify us (23:10)– The fear of God is wisdom (28:28)The fear of God is wisdom (28:28)– He gives us songs in the night (35:10) He gives us songs in the night (35:10) – We can give Him only what He has given to us (35:7)We can give Him only what He has given to us (35:7)

Lessons in JobLessons in Job•About Life (cont.)About Life (cont.)

– Sometimes a friend’s silent presence is the best Sometimes a friend’s silent presence is the best comfort we can give them in their suffering comfort we can give them in their suffering (1:13)(1:13)

– Even the righteous need to repentEven the righteous need to repent– There are many reasons for suffering: There are many reasons for suffering:

SatanSatan (author), (author),

SinSin (friends), (friends),

ShortcomingsShortcomings (Elihu), (Elihu),

SovereigntySovereignty (God) (God)

Psalms – Aspiration for Psalms – Aspiration for CommunionCommunion with Christ with Christ

• Section 1: 1-41 (mostly David’s)Section 1: 1-41 (mostly David’s)

• Section 2: 42-72 (mostly David’s)Section 2: 42-72 (mostly David’s)

• Section 3: 73-89 (various authors)Section 3: 73-89 (various authors)

• Section 4: 90-106 (mostly Section 4: 90-106 (mostly anonymous)anonymous)

• Section 5: 107-150 (mostly Section 5: 107-150 (mostly anonymous)anonymous)


•The Pattern of the PentateuchThe Pattern of the Pentateuch• I. Man and creation (1-41) I. Man and creation (1-41) GenesisGenesis

• II. Israel and redemption (42-72) II. Israel and redemption (42-72) ExodusExodus

• III. Worship and the Temple (73-89) III. Worship and the Temple (73-89) LeviticusLeviticus

• IV. Our sojourn on earth (90-106) IV. Our sojourn on earth (90-106) NumbersNumbers

• V. Praise and the Word of God (107-150) V. Praise and the Word of God (107-150) Deut.Deut.

Psalms – Music TerminologyPsalms – Music Terminology

• AlamothAlamoth (46) – female voices/stringed (46) – female voices/stringed instrumentinstrument

• GittithGittith (8, 81 84) – wine press/vintage (8, 81 84) – wine press/vintage song/musical instrument from Gathsong/musical instrument from Gath

• JJeduthuneduthun (39, 77) – choir leader (39, 77) – choir leader

• MaschilMaschil – meditative, didactic, skillful psalm – meditative, didactic, skillful psalm

• MichtamMichtam – golden psalm ?, atonement – golden psalm ?, atonement psalmpsalm

• Mismor Mismor – pluck instrument, pizzicato– pluck instrument, pizzicato

• NeginothNeginoth (4, 5, 54, 55, 61, 67, 76) – (4, 5, 54, 55, 61, 67, 76) – stringed stringed instrumentinstrument


• SelahSelah--a musical interlude (pause for --a musical interlude (pause for meditation?)meditation?)

• Sheminith Sheminith (Psa. 6)--octave; male voices(Psa. 6)--octave; male voices

• ShiggayonShiggayon (Psa. 7)--irregular music (Psa. 7)--irregular music

• ShirShir--a song in general (sacred or secular)--a song in general (sacred or secular)

• TehillahTehillah (Psa. 145)--praise (Psa. 145)--praise

• TephillahTephillah--prayer--prayer


• I. Patriarchal period – Psalm 110I. Patriarchal period – Psalm 110

• II. Theocratic period – Psalm 90II. Theocratic period – Psalm 90

Psalms – Aspiration for Psalms – Aspiration for CommunionCommunion with Christ with Christ• III. Monarchical period III. Monarchical period

– DavidDavid•As As shepherdshepherd (23) (23)•As As fugitivefugitive (7, 11, 18, 34, 54) (7, 11, 18, 34, 54)•As As kingking (24) (24)•As As sinnersinner (32, 51) (32, 51)•As As dethroneddethroned (3, 4) (3, 4)

– Solomon (72, 127)Solomon (72, 127)


• IV. Exilic periodIV. Exilic period– After destruction of Temple (74, 79)After destruction of Temple (74, 79)– After arrival in Babylon (137)After arrival in Babylon (137)

• V. Post-exilic period V. Post-exilic period – Upon return to the land (126)Upon return to the land (126)– At the dedication of the rebuilt Temple At the dedication of the rebuilt Temple

(147)(147)


• NehilothNehiloth (5) – wind instrument (5) – wind instrument

• SelahSelah – musical interlude/pause for – musical interlude/pause for meditationmeditation

• SheminithSheminith (6) – eighth or octave/male voices (6) – eighth or octave/male voices

• ShiggayonShiggayon (7) – wandering, irregular music (7) – wandering, irregular music

• ShirShir – song – song

• TehillahTehillah (145) – praise (145) – praise

• Tephillah Tephillah - prayer- prayer

Christ’s Use of the PsalmsChrist’s Use of the Psalms

• I. During His childhoodI. During His childhood (Ps. 26:8; (Ps. 26:8; 27:4 cf. 27:4 cf. Luke 2:49)Luke 2:49)

• II. In Sermon on MountII. In Sermon on Mount (Ps. 48:2; 6:8 (Ps. 48:2; 6:8 cf. cf. Matt. 5:37; 7:23) Matt. 5:37; 7:23)

• III. Teaching the multitudeIII. Teaching the multitude (Ps. 78:2 (Ps. 78:2 cf. cf. Matt. 13:35) Matt. 13:35)

• IV. Cleansing the TempleIV. Cleansing the Temple (Ps. 8:2 cf. (Ps. 8:2 cf. Matt. Matt. 21:16)21:16)


• V. Replying to the priestsV. Replying to the priests (Ps. 118:22, (Ps. 118:22, 23 23 cf. cf. Matt. 21:42)Matt. 21:42)

• VI. Weeping over JerusalemVI. Weeping over Jerusalem (Ps. 91:4 (Ps. 91:4 cf. cf. Matt. 23:37)Matt. 23:37)

• VII. Answering the JewsVII. Answering the Jews (Ps. 82:6 cf. (Ps. 82:6 cf. John 10:34)John 10:34)

• VIII. At Last Supper He probably sang VIII. At Last Supper He probably sang Hallel Hallel (from Ps. 136 cf. Matt. (from Ps. 136 cf. Matt.

23:30)23:30)


• IX. On the Cross:IX. On the Cross:– Ps. 22:1 “My God, why hast thou forsaken Ps. 22:1 “My God, why hast thou forsaken

me?” (Matt. 27:46)me?” (Matt. 27:46)– Ps. 31:5 “Into thy hand I commit my spirit.” Ps. 31:5 “Into thy hand I commit my spirit.”

(Luke 23:46)(Luke 23:46)

• X. After resurrectionX. After resurrection (whole book-- (whole book-- Luke Luke 24:44)24:44)

Life of Christ Depicted in Life of Christ Depicted in PsalmsPsalms

TEACHINGTEACHING PSALMPSALM NT NT REFERENCEREFERENCE

BirthBirth 97:797:7 Heb. 1:7Heb. 1:7

HumiliationHumiliation 8:48:4 Heb. 2:6Heb. 2:6

DeityDeity 45:645:6 Heb. 1:8Heb. 1:8

MinistryMinistry 69:969:9 John 2:17John 2:17

RejectionRejection 118:22118:22 Matt. 21:42Matt. 21:42

BetrayalBetrayal 41:941:9 John 13:18John 13:18

CrucifixionCrucifixion 2222 Matt. 27:46Matt. 27:46

ResurrectionResurrection 2 & 162 & 16 Acts 2:27Acts 2:27

AscensionAscension 68:1868:18 Eph. 4:8Eph. 4:8

ReignReign 102:26102:26 Heb. 1:11Heb. 1:11

Psalms – Topical Psalms – Topical ClassificationsClassifications• 1. 1. Prophetic Prophetic Psalms (see above)Psalms (see above)

• 2. 2. PraisePraise Psalms (41,72, 89,106, [145-149] 150) Psalms (41,72, 89,106, [145-149] 150)

• 3. 3. PetitionPetition Psalms (6:4; 16:1; 39:15; 41:4) Psalms (6:4; 16:1; 39:15; 41:4)

• 4. 4. PenitencePenitence Psalms (51, 130). Psalms (51, 130).

• 5. 5. PastoralPastoral Psalms (23) Psalms (23)

• 6. 6. PreceptPrecept Psalms (15, 19, 37, 119) Psalms (15, 19, 37, 119)

• 7. 7. Prayer Prayer Psalms (17, 90, 102) Psalms (17, 90, 102)

• 8. 8. ProfessionProfession (of faith) Psalms (33, 103, 107) (of faith) Psalms (33, 103, 107)

• 9. 9. Patriotic Patriotic Psalms (44:4; 46:7; 108:8-9) Psalms (44:4; 46:7; 108:8-9)

• 10. 10. PilgrimagePilgrimage Psalms (120--134) Psalms (120--134)

• 11. 11. Punishment Punishment Psalms (imprecatory, cursing) Psalms (imprecatory, cursing)

11. Imprecatory11. Imprecatory Psalms - Psalms - ExplainedExplained

(35, 69, 109, 137)(35, 69, 109, 137)• I. Judgment is based on divine justice (Rom. I. Judgment is based on divine justice (Rom.

12:19), not human revenge.12:19), not human revenge.• II. Judgment is expressed in earthly II. Judgment is expressed in earthly

thought patterns of day. thought patterns of day.• III. NT emphasis on judgment after death III. NT emphasis on judgment after death

minimized the need to explain judgment minimized the need to explain judgment in earthly terms. in earthly terms.

• IV. Phenomenon of imprecation is not IV. Phenomenon of imprecation is not unique to OT (Rev. 6:10).unique to OT (Rev. 6:10).

• V. There were self imprecations (7:4-5).V. There were self imprecations (7:4-5).

Lessons About ChristLessons About Christ

Heb. 1:11Heb. 1:11102:26102:26ReignReignEph. 4:8Eph. 4:868:1868:18AscensionAscensionActs 2:27Acts 2:272 & 162 & 16ResurrectionResurrection

Matt. 27:46Matt. 27:462222CrucifixionCrucifixionJohn 13:18John 13:1841:941:9BetrayalBetrayalMatt. 21:42Matt. 21:42118:22118:22RejectionRejectionJohn 2:17John 2:1769:969:9MinistryMinistryHeb. 1:8Heb. 1:845:645:6DeityDeityHeb. 2:6Heb. 2:68:48:4HumiliationHumiliationHeb. 1:7Heb. 1:797:797:7BirthBirth

NT NT REFERENCEREFERENCE

PSALMPSALMTEACHINGTEACHING

Lessons from PsalmsLessons from Psalms•About GodAbout God• Infinite (Psa. 147:5)Infinite (Psa. 147:5)

• Eternal (Psa. 90:2)Eternal (Psa. 90:2)

• Majesty (Psa. 8:1)Majesty (Psa. 8:1)

• Immutable (Psa. 102:26) Immutable (Psa. 102:26)

• Sovereignty (Psa. 11:4)Sovereignty (Psa. 11:4)

• Jealousy (Psa. 79:5)Jealousy (Psa. 79:5)

Lessons from PsalmsLessons from Psalms•About GodAbout God• Holiness (Psa. 110:3) Holiness (Psa. 110:3)

• Beauty (Psa. 110:3)Beauty (Psa. 110:3)

• Mercy (love) (Psa. 108:4)Mercy (love) (Psa. 108:4)

• Justice (Psa. 19:9)Justice (Psa. 19:9)

• Truth (Psa. 119:142)Truth (Psa. 119:142)

• Perfection (Psa. 19:7)Perfection (Psa. 19:7)

• Goodness (Psa. 103:2-3)Goodness (Psa. 103:2-3)

• Transcendence (Psa. 104:1-3)Transcendence (Psa. 104:1-3)

God in Psalm 139God in Psalm 139

• I. God’s Revelation (1-16) I. God’s Revelation (1-16)

• A. His Omniscient (Psa. 139:1-6)A. His Omniscient (Psa. 139:1-6)

• B. His Omnipresent (Psa. 139:7-12)B. His Omnipresent (Psa. 139:7-12)

• C. His Omnipotent (Psa. 139:13-16)C. His Omnipotent (Psa. 139:13-16)

• II. Our Response (17-24)II. Our Response (17-24)

Lessons from PsalmsLessons from Psalms•About LifeAbout Life

• When you feel...• Afraid: Psalm 3; 4; 27; 46; 49; 56; 91; 118

• Alone: Psalm 9; 10; 12; 13; 27; 40; 43

• ``Burned out": Psalm 6; 63

• Betrayed: Psalm 41

• Confused: Psalm 10; 12; 73

• Depressed: Psalm 27; 34; 42; 43; 88; 143

• Distressed: Psalm 13; 25; 31; 40; 107

• Elated: Psalm 19; 96

• Guilty: Psalm 19; 32; 38; 51

• Hateful: Psalm 11

• Impatient: Psalm 13; 27; 37; 40

• Insecure: Psalm 3; 5; 12; 91

• Insulted: Psalm 41; 70

• Jealous: Psalm 37

• Like Quitting: Psalm 29; 43; 145

• Lost: Psalm 23; 139

• Overwhelmed: Psalm 25; 69; 142

• Penitent/Sorry: Psalm 32; 51; 66

• Proud: Psalm 14; 30; 49

• Purposeless: Psalm 14; 25; 39; 49; 90

• Sad: Psalm 13

• Self-confident: Psalm 24

• Tense: Psalm 4

• Thankful: Psalm 118; 136; 138

• Threatened: Psalm 3; 11; 17

• Tired/Weak: Psalm 6; 13; 18; 28; 29; 40; 86

• Trapped: Psalm 7; 17; 42; 88; 142

• Unimportant: Psalm 8; 90; 139

• Vengeful: Psalm 3; 7; 109

• Worried: Psalm 37

• Worshipful: Psalm 8; 19; 27; 29; 150

• When you are facing...• Athiests: Psalm 10; 14; 19; 52; 53; 115

• Competition : Psalm 133

• Criticism: Psalm 35; 56; 120

• Danger: Psalm 11

• Death: Psalm 6; 71; 90

• Decisions: Psalm 1; 119

• Discrimination: Psalm 54

• Doubts: Psalm 34; 37; 94

• Evil People: Psalm 10; 35; 36; 49; 52; 109; 140

• Enemies: Psalm 3; 25; 35; 41; 56; 59

• Heresy: Psalm 14

• Hypocrisy: Psalm 26; 28; 40; 50

• Illness: Psalm 6; 139

• Lies: Psalm 5; 12; 120

• Old Age: Psalm 71; 92

• Persecution: Psalm 1; 3; 7; 56

• Poverty: Psalm 9; 10; 12

• Punishment: Psalm 6; 38; 39

• Slander/Insults: Psalm 7; 15; 35; 43; 120

• Slaughter: Psalm 6; 46; 83

• Sorrow: Psalm 23; 34

• Success: Psalm 18; 112; 127; 128

• Temptation: Psalm 38; 141

• Troubles: Psalm 34; 55; 86; 102; 142; 145

• Verbal Cruelty: Psalm 35; 120

• When You Want...• Acceptance: Psalm 139

• Answers: Psalm 4; 17

• Confidence: Psalm 46; 71

• Courage: Psalm 11; 42

• Fellowship with God: Psa. 5; 16; 25; 27; 37; 133

• Forgiveness: Psa. 32; 38; 40; 51; 69; 86; 103; 130

• Friendship: Psalm 16

• Godliness: Psalm 15; 25

• Guidance: Psalm 1; 5; 15; 19; 25; 32; 48

• Healing: Psalm 6; 41

• Hope: Psalm 16; 17; 18; 23; 27

• Humility: Psalm 19; 147

• Illumination: Psalm 19

• Integrity: Psalm 24; 25

• Joy: Psalm 9; 16; 28; 126

• Justice: Psalm 2; 7; 14; 26; 37; 49; 58; 82

• Knowledge: Psalm 2; 8; 18; 19; 25; 29; 97; 103

• Leadership: Psalm 72

• Miracles: Psalm 60; 111

• Money: Psalm 15; 16; 17; 49

• Peace: Psalm 3, 4

• Perspective: Psalm 2; 11

• Prayer: Psalm 5; 17; 27; 61

• Protection: Psalm 3; 4; 7; 16; 17; 18; 23; 27; 31; 91; 121; 125

• Provision: Psalm 23

• Rest: Psalm 23; 27

• Salvation: Psalm 26; 37; 49; 126

• Vindication: Psalm 9; 14; 28; 35; 109

• Wisdom: Psalm 1; 16; 19; 64; 111

How Christ is Found in the How Christ is Found in the OTOTHow Christ is Found in the How Christ is Found in the OTOT• In PredictionsIn Predictions (Micah 5:2; Dan. 9:26f; Psa. (Micah 5:2; Dan. 9:26f; Psa.

16:10; Isa. 53)16:10; Isa. 53)

• In PreceptsIn Precepts (Mt. 3:15; 5:17; Rom. 8:4; (Mt. 3:15; 5:17; Rom. 8:4; 10:4)10:4)

• In Pictures and Symbols In Pictures and Symbols (Passover Lamb--(Passover Lamb--1Cor. 5:7; Priesthood--Heb. 7-10)1Cor. 5:7; Priesthood--Heb. 7-10)

• In PreincarnationsIn Preincarnations (Angel of the Lord-- (Angel of the Lord--Gen. 18: Ex. 3; Josh 5; Jud 13)Gen. 18: Ex. 3; Josh 5; Jud 13)

The Wisdom LiteratureThe Wisdom Literature• The Books: The Books: Job, Proverbs, and Ecclesiastes Job, Proverbs, and Ecclesiastes

• The Theme:The Theme: The fear of God is the The fear of God is the beginning of beginning of wisdom (Prov. 1:7).wisdom (Prov. 1:7).

• The Definitions:The Definitions:

• ““Fear”=Fear”=reverential trust in God. reverential trust in God.

• ““Wisdom”Wisdom” =skill, ability to know best =skill, ability to know best means to the means to the best end. best end.

• ““Proverb”Proverb” = a moral maxim, prudent = a moral maxim, prudent precept, precept, holy “horse sense.”holy “horse sense.”

• It is a It is a general principlegeneral principle (16:7), not a (16:7), not a universal universal prescriptionprescription (Ex. 20). (Ex. 20).

Manuals for IsraelManuals for IsraelManuals for IsraelManuals for Israel

•LeviticusLeviticus--Minister’s Manual--Minister’s Manual

•DeuteronomyDeuteronomy--Law-Giver’s Manual--Law-Giver’s Manual

•PsalmsPsalms--Musician’s Manual --Musician’s Manual (Hymnal)(Hymnal)

•ProverbsProverbs--Teacher’s Manual--Teacher’s Manual

•EcclesiastesEcclesiastes--Philosopher’s Manual--Philosopher’s Manual

Proverbs – Aspiration for Proverbs – Aspiration for WisdomWisdom in Christ in Christ• I. Words I. Words toto the wise—wisdom is the wise—wisdom is

valuable; valuable; seek it (1-9)seek it (1-9)– A. It A. It respects respects God and parents (1:1-9)God and parents (1:1-9)– B. It B. It rebukesrebukes sin and evil (1:10-33) sin and evil (1:10-33)– C. ItC. It rewards rewards its seekers morally (2) its seekers morally (2)– D. ItD. It rewards rewards its seekers physically (3) its seekers physically (3)– E. It E. It reroutesreroutes one’s life from evil (4) one’s life from evil (4)– F. ItF. It rejects rejects the way of sensuality (5) the way of sensuality (5)

Proverbs – Aspiration for Proverbs – Aspiration for WisdomWisdom in Christ in Christ• I. WordsI. Words to to the wise— the wise—wisdom is wisdom is

valuable; valuable; seek itseek it (1-9) (1-9)– G. It G. It reactivatesreactivates the slothful (6:1-19) the slothful (6:1-19)– H. It H. It repressesrepresses the desires of lust (6:20- the desires of lust (6:20-

35)35)– I. It I. It resistsresists the temptation to evil (7) the temptation to evil (7)– J. It J. It rejoicesrejoices in God who begat it (8) in God who begat it (8)– K. It K. It reproves reproves the righteous who use it (9)the righteous who use it (9)

Proverbs – Aspiration for Proverbs – Aspiration for Wisdom Wisdom in Christin Christ

• II. WordsII. Words of of the wise— the wise—wisdom is wisdom is practical; practical; follow itfollow it (10-22a) (10-22a)– A. It is A. It is richesriches from God (10) from God (10)– B. It is B. It is righteousness righteousness of life (11)of life (11)– C. It is C. It is righteousrighteous in its language (12) in its language (12)– D. It has D. It has regardregard for reproof (13) for reproof (13)– E. It is the E. It is the roadroad of reward (14) of reward (14)– F. It exhibitsF. It exhibits regulation regulation of the tongue of the tongue

(15)(15)

Proverbs – Aspiration for Proverbs – Aspiration for WisdomWisdom in Christ in Christ• II. WordsII. Words of of the wise— the wise—wisdom is wisdom is

practical; practical; follow itfollow it (10-22a) (10-22a)– G. ItG. It rests rests in the purposes of God (16) in the purposes of God (16)– H. It H. It refrainsrefrains from strife (17) from strife (17)– I. It finds I. It finds refugerefuge in God (18) in God (18)– J. ItJ. It responds responds to poverty by giving (19) to poverty by giving (19)– K. It K. It respondsresponds to poverty by working (20-21) to poverty by working (20-21)– L. It provides a L. It provides a rewardreward to the poor (22:1-16) to the poor (22:1-16)

Proverbs – Aspiration for Proverbs – Aspiration for WisdomWisdom in Christ in Christ

• III. Words III. Words forfor the wise— the wise—wisdom is wisdom is admonitional; hear it admonitional; hear it (22b-24) (22b-24)

– A. Wisdom is A. Wisdom is pleasantpleasant (22b) (22b)– B. Wisdom is B. Wisdom is worthwhileworthwhile (23) (23)– C. Wisdom is C. Wisdom is prosperousprosperous (24) (24)

Proverbs – Aspiration for Proverbs – Aspiration for WisdomWisdom in Christ in Christ

• IV. Words IV. Words fromfrom the wise— the wise—wisdom is wisdom is ethical; do itethical; do it (25-31) (25-31)– A. Words fromA. Words from Solomon Solomon (25-29) (25-29)

•1. The 1. The kingking (25) (25)

•2. The 2. The foolfool (26-27)(26-27)

•3. The 3. The wickedwicked (28) (28)

•4. The 4. The stubbornstubborn (29) (29)

• B. Words from B. Words from Agur:Agur:TruthTruth and and thingsthings (30)(30)

• C. Words from C. Words from Lemuel:Lemuel:WineWine and and womenwomen (31)(31)

Lessons in ProverbsLessons in Proverbs• About GodAbout God

• Wisdom (1:7: 8:1f.)Wisdom (1:7: 8:1f.)

• Knowledge (1:7)Knowledge (1:7)

• Awesome (to be feared; 1;7, 29; 2:5; 8;13)Awesome (to be feared; 1;7, 29; 2:5; 8;13)

• Holy (6:16)Holy (6:16)

• Righteous (6:18; 9:10; 21:12)Righteous (6:18; 9:10; 21:12)

• Sovereign (8:15; 21:1)Sovereign (8:15; 21:1)

• Loving (10:12)Loving (10:12)

• Just (11:1)Just (11:1)

Lessons in ProverbsLessons in Proverbs• About God (cont.)About God (cont.)

• Omniscient (15:3)Omniscient (15:3)

• Creator (15:4; 17:5; 26:10)Creator (15:4; 17:5; 26:10)

• Impartial (24:12)Impartial (24:12)

• Father (with a Son) (30:4)Father (with a Son) (30:4)

• About Christ:About Christ: the Wisdom of God the Wisdom of God• My purpose is that they may… have the full riches of

complete understanding, in order that they may know the mystery of God, namely, Christ, in whom are hidden all the treasures of wisdom and knowledge.” (Col. 2:2-3)

• It is because of him that you are in Christ Jesus, who has become for us wisdom from God—that is, our righteousness, holiness and redemption.” (1 Cor. 1:30)

•“There is a friend that sticks closer than a brother.” (18:24 cf. Rom. 5:6-8; Jn. 13:35)

• About Christ:About Christ: the Wisdom of God the Wisdom of God• My purpose is that they may… have the full riches of

complete understanding, in order that they may know the mystery of God, namely, Christ, in whom are hidden all the treasures of wisdom and knowledge.” (Col. 2:2-3)

• It is because of him that you are in Christ Jesus, who has become for us wisdom from God—that is, our righteousness, holiness and redemption.” (1 Cor. 1:30)

•“There is a friend that sticks closer than a brother.” (18:24 cf. Rom. 5:6-8; Jn. 13:35)

1:7--It is the beginning of wisdom1:7--It is the beginning of wisdom1:29--Those who reject it will not find God1:29--Those who reject it will not find God2:5--Those who seek it as silver will find it2:5--Those who seek it as silver will find it8:13--The fear of God is to hate evil8:13--The fear of God is to hate evil9:10--It is the beginning of wisdom9:10--It is the beginning of wisdom

10:27--It prolongs one’s life 10:27--It prolongs one’s life14:26--It brings strong confidence14:26--It brings strong confidence14:27--It brings a fountain of life and avoids 14:27--It brings a fountain of life and avoids

deathdeath15:16--It is better to have a little with the fear 15:16--It is better to have a little with the fear

of of God than to have great treasure with God than to have great treasure with troubletrouble

15:33--It is the instruction of wisdom15:33--It is the instruction of wisdom16:6--By it one departs from evil16:6--By it one departs from evil19:23--It leads to life19:23--It leads to life22:4--By it come riches, honor, and life22:4--By it come riches, honor, and life23:17--Continue in it and don’t envy sinners23:17--Continue in it and don’t envy sinners31:30--A virtuous wife is known and praised 31:30--A virtuous wife is known and praised

for itfor it

•The Fear of GodThe Fear of God•The Fear of GodThe Fear of God

• About the SimpleAbout the Simple

• Definition:Definition: gullible, credulous, naïve, a gullible, credulous, naïve, a sucker for sin. One who needs prudence.sucker for sin. One who needs prudence.

– 7:6-23--They lack judgment7:6-23--They lack judgment– 14:15--They believe anything14:15--They believe anything– 14:18--They inherit folly14:18--They inherit folly– 19:25 (21:11) --They gain wisdom when a mocker 19:25 (21:11) --They gain wisdom when a mocker

is punishedis punished– 27:12--They suffer from failure to avoid danger27:12--They suffer from failure to avoid danger

• About the FoolAbout the Fool• Definition: Definition: One without understanding, incorrigible, quarrelsome, evil, and One without understanding, incorrigible, quarrelsome, evil, and

living a life of folly.living a life of folly.– 13:19--He detests turning from evil13:19--He detests turning from evil– 17:12--He is worse than a bear robbed of her cubs17:12--He is worse than a bear robbed of her cubs– 17:16--The fool has no heart for it17:16--The fool has no heart for it– 18:2--He has no pleasure in understanding and 18:2--He has no pleasure in understanding and delights in airing delights in airing

his won opinionshis won opinions– 18:7--His mouth is his undoing, a snare to his soul18:7--His mouth is his undoing, a snare to his soul– 20:3--He is quick to quarrel20:3--He is quick to quarrel– 27:3--His wrath is heavier than a stone27:3--His wrath is heavier than a stone– 26:11--He repeats his folly 26:11--He repeats his folly – 27:22--He is incorrigible 27:22--He is incorrigible

• About a Person of Bad WordsAbout a Person of Bad Words– 6:12-14--He is wicked, worthless, and perverse6:12-14--He is wicked, worthless, and perverse– 16:30--He brings about evil by gestures16:30--He brings about evil by gestures– 17:4--He is an evil doer with false lips17:4--He is an evil doer with false lips– 18:8--His talebearing words are like tasty trifles18:8--His talebearing words are like tasty trifles– 19:5--A false witness will be punished19:5--A false witness will be punished– 20:6--He proclaims his own goodness20:6--He proclaims his own goodness– 20:20--Whoever curses a parent ends in darkness 20:20--Whoever curses a parent ends in darkness – 20:23--Those who guard their mouth avoid trouble20:23--Those who guard their mouth avoid trouble– 26:23-24--He uses his lips to disguise his heart26:23-24--He uses his lips to disguise his heart– 29:5--He spreads a net for his neighbor by flattery29:5--He spreads a net for his neighbor by flattery

• The Wicked WomanThe Wicked Woman– 2:16--She is an immoral seductress2:16--She is an immoral seductress– 6:24--She has a flattering tongue6:24--She has a flattering tongue– 6:26--She is a harlot who reduces a man to a 6:26--She is a harlot who reduces a man to a crust of crust of

breadbread– 6:32 (7:5, 10)--She is an adulteress6:32 (7:5, 10)--She is an adulteress– 9:13--She is foolish, glamorous, and simple9:13--She is foolish, glamorous, and simple– 11:22--She lacks discretion11:22--She lacks discretion– 12:4--She causes shame to her husband12:4--She causes shame to her husband– 21:9 (25:24)--She is contentious 21:9 (25:24)--She is contentious – 30:20--She is adulterous and wicked30:20--She is adulterous and wicked

• About WineAbout Wine– 4:17--The wicked drink the wine of violence4:17--The wicked drink the wine of violence– 9:2, 5--Wine is mixed (with water)9:2, 5--Wine is mixed (with water)– 20:1-- Wine is a mocker and arouses brawling20:1-- Wine is a mocker and arouses brawling– 21:17--He who loves wine will not be rich21:17--He who loves wine will not be rich– 23:20--Don’t associate with winebibbers23:20--Don’t associate with winebibbers– 23:21--Drunkards will come to poverty23:21--Drunkards will come to poverty– 23:29-30--Those who linger over wine will 23:29-30--Those who linger over wine will have woe, sorrow, have woe, sorrow,

contentions, complaints, contentions, complaints, and wounds.and wounds.– 23:31--Wine bites like a serpent23:31--Wine bites like a serpent– 31:4--Wine will pervert justice31:4--Wine will pervert justice– 31:6--Give strong drink to the suffering &dying31:6--Give strong drink to the suffering &dying

• About WisdomAbout Wisdom– 1:2--To attain a man must listen and learn 1:2--To attain a man must listen and learn – 1:7--The fear of God is beginning of it1:7--The fear of God is beginning of it– 2:2--We should seek it2:2--We should seek it– 2:6--God gives it (Jas. 1:5)2:6--God gives it (Jas. 1:5)– 2:10--It will preserve you if it enters your heart2:10--It will preserve you if it enters your heart– 3:13--A man who finds it is happy3:13--A man who finds it is happy– 3:19--By it God founded the heaven & earth3:19--By it God founded the heaven & earth– 4:5-6-It will preserve those who get and keep it.4:5-6-It will preserve those who get and keep it.– 4:7--It is the principle thing4:7--It is the principle thing– 4:11--It will lead you in the right path4:11--It will lead you in the right path– 5:1--It will preserve you if you pay attention to it5:1--It will preserve you if you pay attention to it

• About WisdomAbout Wisdom – 7:4--It will keep you from immorality7:4--It will keep you from immorality– 8:1--It cries out for followers8:1--It cries out for followers– 8:11--It is better than rubies8:11--It is better than rubies– 8:12--It dwells with prudence8:12--It dwells with prudence– 9:10--The fear of the Lord is the beginning of it9:10--The fear of the Lord is the beginning of it– 10:13--It is found in the lips of one with 10:13--It is found in the lips of one with understandingunderstanding– 10:23--A man of understanding has it10:23--A man of understanding has it– 10:31--It comes from the mouth of the righteous10:31--It comes from the mouth of the righteous– 11:2--It is with the humble, not the proud11:2--It is with the humble, not the proud– 13:10--It is with the well advised13:10--It is with the well advised

• About Wisdom About Wisdom – 13:20--It is with those who walk with wise men.13:20--It is with those who walk with wise men.– 14:8--The wise man understands his way 14:8--The wise man understands his way – 14:16--The wise man fears and departs from evil 14:16--The wise man fears and departs from evil – 14:33--It rests quietly in a man of understanding14:33--It rests quietly in a man of understanding– 15:12--A scoffer does not seek it15:12--A scoffer does not seek it– 15:33--The fear of the Lord is true wisdom15:33--The fear of the Lord is true wisdom– 16:16--It is better than gold16:16--It is better than gold– 17:16--The fool has no heart for it17:16--The fool has no heart for it– 17:24--It is in the sight of those with understanding17:24--It is in the sight of those with understanding– 18:4--It is the wellspring of a flowing brook18:4--It is the wellspring of a flowing brook

• About WisdomAbout Wisdom – 21:30--It never counsels against the Lord21:30--It never counsels against the Lord– 24:3--By it a house is built24:3--By it a house is built– 24:14--It is like honey to your soul24:14--It is like honey to your soul– 25:12--It is like an ornament of gold25:12--It is like an ornament of gold– 29:3--He who loves it makes his father rejoice29:3--He who loves it makes his father rejoice– 29:15-- The rod of reproof brings wisdom29:15-- The rod of reproof brings wisdom– 30:3--We are naturally deprived of it30:3--We are naturally deprived of it– 31:26--It is a characteristic of a good wife31:26--It is a characteristic of a good wife

• About Good WordsAbout Good Words– 10:19--In the multitude of words is sin10:19--In the multitude of words is sin– 11:13--A faithful spirit conceals a matter11:13--A faithful spirit conceals a matter– 13:4--He who guards his mouth preserves life 13:4--He who guards his mouth preserves life – 16:24--Pleasant words are sweet to the soul 16:24--Pleasant words are sweet to the soul – 16:28--A whisperer separates good friends16:28--A whisperer separates good friends– 16:30--He who purses his lips brings evil16:30--He who purses his lips brings evil– 17:4--Evildoers listen to false lips17:4--Evildoers listen to false lips– 18:8--The words or talebearers are like tasty trifles18:8--The words or talebearers are like tasty trifles– 26:23--Fervent lips with a wicked heart are like dross26:23--Fervent lips with a wicked heart are like dross– 26:24--Those who hate disguise it with their lips26:24--Those who hate disguise it with their lips– 29:5--A flatter spreads a net that entraps the flattered29:5--A flatter spreads a net that entraps the flattered– 29:11--A wise man holds back his feelings29:11--A wise man holds back his feelings

•About DisciplineAbout Discipline• 10:13--Use the rod on those devoid of understanding10:13--Use the rod on those devoid of understanding

• 13:24--He who spares the rod hates his son13:24--He who spares the rod hates his son

• 19:18--Chasten your son while there is hope 19:18--Chasten your son while there is hope

• 23:13--Do not withhold the rod from a child23:13--Do not withhold the rod from a child

• 23:14--Beating with a rod will deliver him from death 23:14--Beating with a rod will deliver him from death

• 26:3--Use the rod for a fool’s back 26:3--Use the rod for a fool’s back

• 29:15--The rod and reproof bring wisdom (and a 29:15--The rod and reproof bring wisdom (and a

• child left to himself brings shame to his mother)child left to himself brings shame to his mother)

• About UnderstandingAbout Understanding

• Defined: Defined: intelligence, consideration, and wisdom on how intelligence, consideration, and wisdom on how to actto act – 1:2--A wise man seeks it1:2--A wise man seeks it– 2:2--A wise man will hear and increase in it2:2--A wise man will hear and increase in it– 2:3--We should cry out for it2:3--We should cry out for it– 2:4--We should seek it as silver2:4--We should seek it as silver– 2:5--We can know the fear of God with it2:5--We can know the fear of God with it– 2:6--God gives it2:6--God gives it– 2:11--It will keep us from evil2:11--It will keep us from evil– 3:5--We should not lean on our own3:5--We should not lean on our own– 3:13--We are happy if we find it3:13--We are happy if we find it

– 3:19--By it God founded the earth3:19--By it God founded the earth– 4:5--Get it and don’t forget it4:5--Get it and don’t forget it– 4:7--Get it along with wisdom4:7--Get it along with wisdom– 5:1--Lend your ear to it5:1--Lend your ear to it– 7:4--Make it you nearest kin7:4--Make it you nearest kin– 8:1--It cries out for followers8:1--It cries out for followers– 8:14--Wisdom has it8:14--Wisdom has it– 9:6--It is the opposite of foolishness9:6--It is the opposite of foolishness– 9:10--The fear of the Lord is the beginning of it9:10--The fear of the Lord is the beginning of it– 10:13--Wisdom is on the lips of one with under.10:13--Wisdom is on the lips of one with under.– 10:23--A man of understanding has wisdom10:23--A man of understanding has wisdom– 11:12--A man of understanding holds his peace11:12--A man of understanding holds his peace

– 13:15--Good understanding gains favor13:15--Good understanding gains favor– 14:29--Those slow to wrath have it14:29--Those slow to wrath have it– 14:33--Wisdom rests in heart of him with it 14:33--Wisdom rests in heart of him with it – 15:21--A man with it walks uprightly15:21--A man with it walks uprightly– 16:22--It is a wellspring of life to one with it16:22--It is a wellspring of life to one with it– 16:16--To get it is better than silver16:16--To get it is better than silver– 17:27--A man with it is clam of spirit 17:27--A man with it is clam of spirit – 18:2--A fool has no delight in it18:2--A fool has no delight in it– 19:8--He who keeps it will find good19:8--He who keeps it will find good– 19:25--Reprove19:25--Reprove one who has it and he will becomeone who has it and he will become

discerningdiscerning

21:16--Those wandering from it will rest 21:16--Those wandering from it will rest with with the deadthe dead

21:30--It can never be against the Lord21:30--It can never be against the Lord

23:23--Buy it and do not sell it23:23--Buy it and do not sell it

24:3--By it a house is established24:3--By it a house is established

28:16--A ruler who lacks it is an oppressor28:16--A ruler who lacks it is an oppressor

30:2--One is stupid without it30:2--One is stupid without it

• About WorkAbout Work– 6:6-7--Emulate the industry of an ant6:6-7--Emulate the industry of an ant– 6:8-11--Laziness brings on poverty6:8-11--Laziness brings on poverty– 15:19--The way of the slothful is like a hedge of 15:19--The way of the slothful is like a hedge of thornsthorns– 18:9--The slothful is brother of a destroyer18:9--The slothful is brother of a destroyer– 21:5--Haste makes waste21:5--Haste makes waste– 22:13--The slothful give excuses for not working22:13--The slothful give excuses for not working– 24:30-33--The slothful are void of understanding24:30-33--The slothful are void of understanding– 24:24--Sloth brings on poverty24:24--Sloth brings on poverty– 26:14-16--Slothful give excuses for not working26:14-16--Slothful give excuses for not working

• About Wealth (and Poverty)About Wealth (and Poverty)– 3:9-10 (22:9)--The generous will be prosperous3:9-10 (22:9)--The generous will be prosperous– 10:4--The slack will be poor and the diligent rich10:4--The slack will be poor and the diligent rich– 10:15--Riches bring strength; poverty destruction10:15--Riches bring strength; poverty destruction– 10:22--The blessing of the Lord brings riches10:22--The blessing of the Lord brings riches– 13:8--Riches can ransom your life13:8--Riches can ransom your life– 18:11--The rich thin wealth is like a strong city18:11--The rich thin wealth is like a strong city– 18:23--The poor must entreat the rich18:23--The poor must entreat the rich– 19:1--It is better to be poor and have integrity19:1--It is better to be poor and have integrity– 19:4--Wealth makes friends19:4--Wealth makes friends– 21:6--Getting riches by lying is a fleeting fancy21:6--Getting riches by lying is a fleeting fancy– 21:17--He who loves please will be poor21:17--He who loves please will be poor– He who loves wine will be poorHe who loves wine will be poor

– 22:7--The borrower is servant of the lender22:7--The borrower is servant of the lender– 22:16--He who gives to the rich will be poor22:16--He who gives to the rich will be poor– 22:22--Do not rob the poor22:22--Do not rob the poor– 22:26--Don’t guarantee another’s debt22:26--Don’t guarantee another’s debt– 23:4--Do not overwork to be rich23:4--Do not overwork to be rich– 23:5--Riches make themselves wings23:5--Riches make themselves wings– 17:24--Riches are not forever17:24--Riches are not forever– 28:8--Do not exact usury28:8--Do not exact usury– 28:20--He who hastens to be rich will be 28:20--He who hastens to be rich will be punishedpunished– 28:22--It is evil to hasten after riches28:22--It is evil to hasten after riches– 28:26--He who trust in the Lord will prosper28:26--He who trust in the Lord will prosper

– 29:14--The king who judges the poor 29:14--The king who judges the poor justly justly will be establishedwill be established

– 30:8-9--Pray for neither poverty nor 30:8-9--Pray for neither poverty nor richesriches

• About GivingAbout Giving– 3:9-10--God blesses the generous3:9-10--God blesses the generous– 11:4--Riches do not profit in the day of wrath11:4--Riches do not profit in the day of wrath– 11:25--The generous will be made rich11:25--The generous will be made rich– 14:21--God blesses those who help the poor14:21--God blesses those who help the poor– 14:31--He who oppresses the poor is a reproach to 14:31--He who oppresses the poor is a reproach to his his

Maker Maker – 19:6--Everyone is a friend to a gift giver19:6--Everyone is a friend to a gift giver– 19:17--He who has pity on the poor lend to God19:17--He who has pity on the poor lend to God– 21:13--Whoever shuts his ears to the poor will cry 21:13--Whoever shuts his ears to the poor will cry and not be and not be

heard heard

• About FriendsAbout Friends– 14:20--The rich has many friends14:20--The rich has many friends– 16:28 (17:9)--He who repeats a matter separates 16:28 (17:9)--He who repeats a matter separates

friendsfriends– 17:17--A friend loves at all times17:17--A friend loves at all times– 18:24--There is a friend that sticks closer than a 18:24--There is a friend that sticks closer than a

brotherbrother– 27:6--Faithful are the wounds of a friend27:6--Faithful are the wounds of a friend– 27:17--As iron sharpens iron, so a man sharpens 27:17--As iron sharpens iron, so a man sharpens the the

countenance of his friendcountenance of his friend

• About Human RelationsAbout Human Relations– 15:1--A soft answer turns away wrath15:1--A soft answer turns away wrath– 16:7--A man who pleases the Lord makes his 16:7--A man who pleases the Lord makes his

enemies at peace with himenemies at peace with him– 17:4--An evildoer gives heed to false lips17:4--An evildoer gives heed to false lips– 20:3--It s honorable to stop striving20:3--It s honorable to stop striving– 25:15--A ruler is persuaded by forbearance25:15--A ruler is persuaded by forbearance– 25:28--To seek ones own glory is not glory25:28--To seek ones own glory is not glory– 27:2--Let the lips of another praise you, not 27:2--Let the lips of another praise you, not your your

ownown

• About Planning for the FutureAbout Planning for the Future– 14:12--Good intentions are not enough14:12--Good intentions are not enough– 15:22--In the multitude of council is wisdom15:22--In the multitude of council is wisdom– 16:9--We plan but God directs our steps16:9--We plan but God directs our steps– 21:5--The plans of the diligent lead to plenty; 21:5--The plans of the diligent lead to plenty; the the

plans of the hasty lead to povertyplans of the hasty lead to poverty– 21:31--The horse is prepared for battle but 21:31--The horse is prepared for battle but victory victory

is from the Lordis from the Lord– 27:1--Do not boast about tomorrow27:1--Do not boast about tomorrow– 30:25--Learn from the ant who works hard to 30:25--Learn from the ant who works hard to

prepare for the futureprepare for the future

• A Good WifeA Good Wife– 5:18--Rejoice with the wife of your youth5:18--Rejoice with the wife of your youth– 6:29--Be faithful to your wife6:29--Be faithful to your wife– 11:16--A gracious woman retains honor11:16--A gracious woman retains honor– 18:22--He who finds a wife finds a good thing18:22--He who finds a wife finds a good thing– 19:13--A contentious wife is a continual dripping19:13--A contentious wife is a continual dripping– 19:14--A prudent wife is from the Lord19:14--A prudent wife is from the Lord– 31:10--A virtuous wife is far above rubies31:10--A virtuous wife is far above rubies– 31:11--She is trustworthy; her husband will have 31:11--She is trustworthy; her husband will have no lack no lack

of gainof gain– 31:12--She does her husband no evil 31:12--She does her husband no evil

• 31:13--She is industrious31:13--She is industrious

• 31:14-15--She provides for her family31:14-15--She provides for her family

• 31:16--She makes profitable purchases31:16--She makes profitable purchases

• 31:17--She girds herself with strength31:17--She girds herself with strength

• 31:18--She purchases good merchandise31:18--She purchases good merchandise

• 31:19--She makes clothes for her family31:19--She makes clothes for her family

• 31:20--She helps the poor31:20--She helps the poor

• 31:21--She provides warn clothing for her family31:21--She provides warn clothing for her family

• 31:22--She provides her own clothing31:22--She provides her own clothing

• 31:23--Her husband sits among the elders31:23--Her husband sits among the elders

• 31:24--She makes clothes to sell31:24--She makes clothes to sell

• 31:25--Strength and honor are her clothing31:25--Strength and honor are her clothing

• 31:26--She is wise and kind31:26--She is wise and kind

• 31:27--She is watchful and not idle31:27--She is watchful and not idle

• 31:28-29--Her children and husband praise 31:28-29--Her children and husband praise herher

• 31:30--She fears the Lord and will be 31:30--She fears the Lord and will be praisedpraised

for that, not for her charm or beautyfor that, not for her charm or beauty

31:31--Her own hands are her public praise 31:31--Her own hands are her public praise

• About PrayerAbout Prayer– 15:8--The prayer of the upright is God’s delight15:8--The prayer of the upright is God’s delight– 15:29--The Lord hears the prayer of the righteous15:29--The Lord hears the prayer of the righteous– 16:3--Commit your work to the Lord16:3--Commit your work to the Lord– 20:25--It is a snare to reconsider your vow to God20:25--It is a snare to reconsider your vow to God– 28:9--The prayer of one who disobeys the law is an 28:9--The prayer of one who disobeys the law is an

abominationabomination– 28:13--He who covers his sin will not prosper28:13--He who covers his sin will not prosper

Ecclesiastes:Ecclesiastes: Having Fun Under Having Fun Under the Sun the Sun (2:24-25; 3:12; (2:24-25; 3:12; 3:22; 5:18; 8:15; 9:7)3:22; 5:18; 8:15; 9:7)

• ““There is nothing better for a man There is nothing better for a man than to eat and drink and tell than to eat and drink and tell himself that his labor is good. This himself that his labor is good. This also I have seen, that it is from the also I have seen, that it is from the hand of God. For who can eat and hand of God. For who can eat and who can have enjoyment without who can have enjoyment without Him [God].” (2:24-25)Him [God].” (2:24-25)

•I. Seeking Fun Under the Sun I. Seeking Fun Under the Sun

•(1-2)--Apart from God(1-2)--Apart from God• A. Stating Life’s Purposelessness (1:1-3)A. Stating Life’s Purposelessness (1:1-3)

• B. Illustrating Life’s Pointlessness (1:4-11)B. Illustrating Life’s Pointlessness (1:4-11)

• C. Testing Life’s Pleasures (1:12-2:11)C. Testing Life’s Pleasures (1:12-2:11)• Wisdom (1:16-18)Wisdom (1:16-18)• Worldly pleasure (2:1)Worldly pleasure (2:1)

• Wit (2:2)Wit (2:2)

• Wine (2:3)Wine (2:3)

• Works (2:4-6)Works (2:4-6)

• Wealth (2:7-8a)Wealth (2:7-8a)

• Women (2:8b-9)Women (2:8b-9)

All are empty and vain apart from God!All are empty and vain apart from God!

– D. Examining Life’s Purposes (2:12-23)D. Examining Life’s Purposes (2:12-23)– E. Enjoying Life’s Pleasures (2:24-26)--as a gift E. Enjoying Life’s Pleasures (2:24-26)--as a gift from God from God

•II. Finding Fun Under the SunII. Finding Fun Under the Sun (3-5)-- (3-5)--

• in Godin God• A. By God’s Providence (3:1-15)A. By God’s Providence (3:1-15)

• B. In Spite of the World’s Puzzles (3:16-4:16)B. In Spite of the World’s Puzzles (3:16-4:16)• 1. Why injustice? (3:16-17)1. Why injustice? (3:16-17)

• 2. Why death? (3:18-22)2. Why death? (3:18-22)

• 3. Why Oppression? (4:1-3)3. Why Oppression? (4:1-3)

• 4. Why Rivalry? (4:4-6)4. Why Rivalry? (4:4-6)

• 5. Why Isolation? (4:7-12)5. Why Isolation? (4:7-12)

• 6. Why Fleeting Fame? (4:13-16)6. Why Fleeting Fame? (4:13-16)

•

• C. Through Man’s Piety (5:1-20)C. Through Man’s Piety (5:1-20)• 11. Pay your reverence to God (1-7). Pay your reverence to God (1-7)

• 2. Pay your respect to government (8-9)2. Pay your respect to government (8-9) • 3. Pay your riches to God (10-17)3. Pay your riches to God (10-17)

• 4. Receive your reward from God (18-20)4. Receive your reward from God (18-20)

•III. Studying Fun Under the SunIII. Studying Fun Under the Sun

(6-8)--under God(6-8)--under God– A. Conditions around us (6:1-7:15)A. Conditions around us (6:1-7:15)

•1. Prosperity isn’t always good (6:1-12)1. Prosperity isn’t always good (6:1-12)

•2. Adversity isn’t always bad (7:1-15)2. Adversity isn’t always bad (7:1-15)

– B. Character within us (7:16-29)B. Character within us (7:16-29)– C. Control over us (8:1-15)C. Control over us (8:1-15)

•IV. Having Fun Under the SunIV. Having Fun Under the Sun• (8:16-12:14)--through God(8:16-12:14)--through God

• A. Despite Life’s Mysteries (8:6-9:9)--A. Despite Life’s Mysteries (8:6-9:9)-- through through sharing (with one’s spouse)sharing (with one’s spouse)

• B. Despite Life’s Inequities (9:10--11:6)--B. Despite Life’s Inequities (9:10--11:6)-- through serving through serving (for others)(for others)

• 1. Work heartily (9:10-12)1. Work heartily (9:10-12)

• 2. Work wisely (9:13-18)2. Work wisely (9:13-18)

• 3. Work morally (10:1-20)3. Work morally (10:1-20)

• 4. Work diligently (11:1-6)4. Work diligently (11:1-6)

• C. Despite Life’s Brevity (11:7-12:14)--C. Despite Life’s Brevity (11:7-12:14)-- through through submission (to God)submission (to God)

ConclusionsConclusions• There is no happiness under the sun There is no happiness under the sun

apart from God. True happiness is found apart from God. True happiness is found beyond the s-u-n ion the S-O-N.beyond the s-u-n ion the S-O-N.

• In view of the apparent futility of life and In view of the apparent futility of life and the inevitability of death, true felicity is the inevitability of death, true felicity is found by: a) enjoying life’s totality b) in found by: a) enjoying life’s totality b) in view of eternity c) as a gift of His mercy, view of eternity c) as a gift of His mercy, and by d) reverencing God’s supremacy.and by d) reverencing God’s supremacy.

ConclusionsConclusions• No amount of finite things can satisfy our No amount of finite things can satisfy our

thirst for the infinite.thirst for the infinite.

• Our eternal desire cannot be content with Our eternal desire cannot be content with any amount of temporal things.any amount of temporal things.

• The God-sized vacuum in the human The God-sized vacuum in the human heart will never be satisfied with anything heart will never be satisfied with anything less than God. less than God.

• The heart is restless until it finds its rest The heart is restless until it finds its rest in God--in God--St. AugustineSt. Augustine

Lessons in EcclesiastesLessons in Ecclesiastes• About GodAbout God

• He is Creator (11:1)He is Creator (11:1)

• He is holy (5:1f)He is holy (5:1f)

• He is loving (2:26)He is loving (2:26)

• He is just (11:9)He is just (11:9)

• He is transcendent (5:2)He is transcendent (5:2)

• He is supreme (5:1-7)He is supreme (5:1-7)

• He is eternal (3:11)He is eternal (3:11)

•About GodAbout God• He is provident (3:1; 9:1)He is provident (3:1; 9:1)

• He is omniscient ( 3:11)He is omniscient ( 3:11)

• He is omnipotent (3:14)He is omnipotent (3:14)

• He is omnipresent (12:14)He is omnipresent (12:14)

•About GodAbout God• He is provident (3:1; 9:1)He is provident (3:1; 9:1)

• He is omniscient ( 3:11)He is omniscient ( 3:11)

• He is omnipotent (3:14)He is omnipotent (3:14)

• He is omnipresent (12:14)He is omnipresent (12:14)

Lessons in EcclesiastesLessons in Ecclesiastes• About ChristAbout Christ

– He is the One Shepherd (12:11)He is the One Shepherd (12:11)– He is the Wisdom of God (all)He is the Wisdom of God (all)– He is our Chief Good (chaps. 1-2)He is our Chief Good (chaps. 1-2)

•About LifeAbout Life– There is no real happiness apart from GodThere is no real happiness apart from God– True Happiness is not found in:True Happiness is not found in:

•Wisdom (1:16-18)Wisdom (1:16-18)

•Worldly pleasure (2:1)Worldly pleasure (2:1)

•Wit (2:2)Wit (2:2)

•Wine (2:3)Wine (2:3)

•Works (2:4-6)Works (2:4-6)

•Wealth (2:7-8a)Wealth (2:7-8a)

•Women (2:8b-9)Women (2:8b-9)

•About LifeAbout Life– There is no real happiness apart from GodThere is no real happiness apart from God– True Happiness is not found in:True Happiness is not found in:

•Wisdom (1:16-18)Wisdom (1:16-18)

•Worldly pleasure (2:1)Worldly pleasure (2:1)

•Wit (2:2)Wit (2:2)

•Wine (2:3)Wine (2:3)

•Works (2:4-6)Works (2:4-6)

•Wealth (2:7-8a)Wealth (2:7-8a)

•Women (2:8b-9)Women (2:8b-9)

Lessons in EcclesiastesLessons in Ecclesiastes

•Enjoying your job (2:24)Enjoying your job (2:24)

•Doing everything in God’s time (3:1)Doing everything in God’s time (3:1)

•Living in the light of eternity (3:11)Living in the light of eternity (3:11)

•Enjoying life in the present (3:22)Enjoying life in the present (3:22)

•Enjoying a little with someone rather than a lot with no Enjoying a little with someone rather than a lot with no one (4:8-9)one (4:8-9)

•Keeping your vows not breaking them (5:4)Keeping your vows not breaking them (5:4)

•Sharing not hoarding (5:13)Sharing not hoarding (5:13)

•Enjoying the fruit of your labor (5:18)Enjoying the fruit of your labor (5:18)

•Occupying one’s self with a glad heart (5:20)Occupying one’s self with a glad heart (5:20)

•The God-given power to enjoy life (6:1)The God-given power to enjoy life (6:1)

•Living life in view of death (7:1-2)Living life in view of death (7:1-2)

•Yielding to God’s will (7:13-14)Yielding to God’s will (7:13-14)

True Happiness is found True Happiness is found in: in:

True Happiness is found in:True Happiness is found in:

•Finding the proper time and priority for Finding the proper time and priority for everything 8:6)everything 8:6)

•Living a moderate life (8:16)Living a moderate life (8:16)

•Realizing our life is in God’s Hands (9:1)Realizing our life is in God’s Hands (9:1)

•Sowing now for the harvest later (11:7)Sowing now for the harvest later (11:7)

•Living joyously for God in your youth (11:8)Living joyously for God in your youth (11:8)

•Living in the light of the coming judgment (11:9)Living in the light of the coming judgment (11:9)

•Reverencing God and respecting His laws (12:13)Reverencing God and respecting His laws (12:13)

Song of Solomon – Song of Solomon – Aspiration for Aspiration for Union Union with with ChristChrist•Three Interpretations of the Song:Three Interpretations of the Song:• Literal: Literal: A real love story about the holiness A real love story about the holiness

and wholesomeness of monogamous love.and wholesomeness of monogamous love.

• Allegorical: Allegorical: An allegory of Yahweh’s love for An allegory of Yahweh’s love for Israel.Israel.

• Typical: Typical: It is a prefiguration of Christ’s love It is a prefiguration of Christ’s love for the Church (Eph. 5:28-32).for the Church (Eph. 5:28-32).

Outline: A Song for LoversOutline: A Song for Lovers• I. Introduction (1:1)I. Introduction (1:1)

• II. The Budding of Love (1:1-11)II. The Budding of Love (1:1-11)– A. The longing for love (1:2-4)A. The longing for love (1:2-4)– B. The insecurity of beloved (1:5-8)B. The insecurity of beloved (1:5-8)– C. The praise by the lover (1:9-11)C. The praise by the lover (1:9-11)

• III. The Blossoming of Love (1:12-3:5)III. The Blossoming of Love (1:12-3:5)– A. Mutual praise (1:12-2:6)A. Mutual praise (1:12-2:6)– B. The refrain (2:7 cf. 3:5; 8:4)B. The refrain (2:7 cf. 3:5; 8:4)– C. The visit to the country (2:8-17)C. The visit to the country (2:8-17)– D. The fear of losing the lover (3:1-4)D. The fear of losing the lover (3:1-4)– E. The refrain (3:5)E. The refrain (3:5)

• IV. The Uniting in Love (3:6-5:1)IV. The Uniting in Love (3:6-5:1)– A. The wedding procession (3:6-11)A. The wedding procession (3:6-11)– B. The wedding night (4:1-5:1)B. The wedding night (4:1-5:1)

•1. The beauty of the beloved (4:1-7)1. The beauty of the beloved (4:1-7)

•2. The kings request (4:8)2. The kings request (4:8)

•3. The kings praise of the beloved (4:9-11)3. The kings praise of the beloved (4:9-11)

•4. The kings praise of the bride’s purity (4:12-15)4. The kings praise of the bride’s purity (4:12-15)

•5. The consummation of the marriage (4:16-5:1)5. The consummation of the marriage (4:16-5:1)

• V. The Growth of Love (5:2-8:14)V. The Growth of Love (5:2-8:14)– A. The problem of the lovers (5:2-6:13)A. The problem of the lovers (5:2-6:13)

•1. The Problem: the wife’s indifference and the 1. The Problem: the wife’s indifference and the husband is absence husband is absence (5:2-8)(5:2-8)

•2. The attractiveness of the lover (5:9-16) 2. The attractiveness of the lover (5:9-16)

•3. The lover in his garden (6:1-3)3. The lover in his garden (6:1-3)

4. The lover’s praise of the beloved (6:4-13)4. The lover’s praise of the beloved (6:4-13)

• B. Praise of the Beloved B. Praise of the Beloved (7:1-10)(7:1-10) 1. The beloved’s charm (7:1-6)1. The beloved’s charm (7:1-6)

– 2. The lover’s desire (7:7-9)2. The lover’s desire (7:7-9)– 3. The refrain: mutual possession (7:10)3. The refrain: mutual possession (7:10)

• C. An Invitation from the Beloved (7:11-13)C. An Invitation from the Beloved (7:11-13)

• D. Beloved’s Desire for Greater IntimacyD. Beloved’s Desire for Greater Intimacy• (8:1- 4)(8:1- 4)

• VI. The Nature and Power of Love (8:5-7)VI. The Nature and Power of Love (8:5-7)• A. The Picture of Love (8:5)A. The Picture of Love (8:5)

• B. The Power of Love (8:6-7)B. The Power of Love (8:6-7)

• VII. The Epilogue: How Love Began (8:8-14)VII. The Epilogue: How Love Began (8:8-14)

The Growth of LoveThe Growth of Love

• Stage One:Stage One: “My beloved is mine” (2:16) “My beloved is mine” (2:16)

• Stage Two:Stage Two: “I am my beloved’s” (6:3) “I am my beloved’s” (6:3)

• Stage Three:Stage Three: “His desire is for me” (7:10) “His desire is for me” (7:10)

• I possess him.--I accepted the beloved.I possess him.--I accepted the beloved.

• He possesses me.--I am accepted by him. He possesses me.--I am accepted by him.

• He desires me.--I am desired by him.He desires me.--I am desired by him.

Lessons in Song of SolomonLessons in Song of Solomon

• About GodAbout God

• God is love (1 Jn. 4:16).God is love (1 Jn. 4:16).

• God desires us (He does not God desires us (He does not needneed us-- us--Acts Acts 17:25).17:25).

• God desires an intimate union with us God desires an intimate union with us

• (He longs for a sacred romance--Jn. 4:23-(He longs for a sacred romance--Jn. 4:23-24).24).

Lessons in Song of SolomonLessons in Song of Solomon

• About ChristAbout Christ

• He is our Beloved; We are accepted in He is our Beloved; We are accepted in the the Beloved (Eph. 1:6).Beloved (Eph. 1:6).

• He is the Bridegroom; we are the He is the Bridegroom; we are the bride bride (Eph. 5:32; Rev. 19:7).(Eph. 5:32; Rev. 19:7).

Lessons in Song of SolomonLessons in Song of Solomon• About LifeAbout Life

• God ordained monogamous marriage for all God ordained monogamous marriage for all (1Cor. 7:1; Mt. 19:4-6; Heb. 13:4).(1Cor. 7:1; Mt. 19:4-6; Heb. 13:4).

• Humans were created for marriage and Humans were created for marriage and reproduction (Gen. 1:27-28).reproduction (Gen. 1:27-28).

• The Conjugal union should be enjoyed within The Conjugal union should be enjoyed within marriage as a gift of God (Prov. 5:17-19; marriage as a gift of God (Prov. 5:17-19;

• 1 Tim. 6:17).1 Tim. 6:17).

• Marriage is a beautiful and wonderful thing . Marriage is a beautiful and wonderful thing .

old testament: poetry copyright by norman l. geisler 2005 old testament: poetry copyright by norman...

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