oligohaline potamogeton nodosus potamogeton pusillus cd...32 spiny naiad najas minor monocot •...
TRANSCRIPT
SAV
Wat
ch
ers
Chesa
peak
e Ba
y
he
Po
cket
Fie
ld G
uid
e2SA
V s
pec
ies
list
Cd
- H
ornw
ort
- C
erat
ophy
llum
dem
ersu
m
Cal
- W
ater
sta
rwor
t - C
allit
riche
sp
.
Eg
d -
Bra
zilia
n w
ater
wee
d -
Eger
ia d
ensa
Ex
- U
nkno
wn
wat
erw
eed
- E
lod
ea s
p.
Ec
- C
omm
on w
ater
wee
d -
Elo
dea
can
aden
sis
En
- W
este
rn w
ater
wee
d -
Elod
ea n
utta
llii
Hd
- W
ater
sta
rgra
ss -
Het
eran
ther
a d
ubia
Hv
- H
ydril
la -
Hyd
rilla
ver
ticill
ata
Mx
- U
nkno
wn
milf
oil -
Myr
iop
hyllu
m s
p.
Mh
- Lo
w w
ater
milf
oil -
Myr
iop
hyllu
m h
umile
Ma
- Pa
rrot
feat
her
milf
oil -
Myr
iop
hyllu
m
b
rasi
liens
e/aq
uatic
um
Ms
- Eu
rasi
an w
ater
milf
oil -
Myr
iop
hyllu
m
sp
icat
um
Nx
- U
nkno
wn
naia
d -
Naj
as s
p.
- N
orth
ern
naia
d -
Ng
r - Sl
end
er n
aiad
- N
ajas
gra
cilli
ma
Ng
d -
Sout
hern
nai
ad -
Naj
as g
uad
alup
ensi
s
Nm
- S
pin
y na
iad
- N
ajas
min
or
Px
- U
nkno
wn
pon
dw
eed
- P
otam
oget
on s
p.
Pc
- C
urly
pon
dw
eed
- Po
tam
oget
on c
risp
us
Pe
- Le
afy
pon
dw
eed
- Po
tam
oget
on e
pih
ydru
s
Pi -
Illin
ois
pon
dw
eed
- P
otam
oget
on il
linoe
nsis
Pn
- A
mer
ican
pon
dw
eed
- Po
tam
oget
on n
odos
us
Pp
f - R
edhe
ad g
rass
- P
otam
oget
on p
erfo
liatu
s
Pp
u - Sl
end
er p
ond
wee
d -
Pot
amog
eton
pus
illus
Rm
- W
idg
eong
rass
- Ru
pp
ia m
ariti
ma
Sp -
Sag
o p
ond
wee
d -
Stu
cken
ia p
ectin
ata
Ut
- B
lad
der
wor
t -
Utr
icul
aria
Va
- W
ild c
eler
y -
Valli
sner
ia a
mer
ican
a
Zm
- E
elg
rass
- Zo
ster
a m
arin
a
Zp
- H
orne
d p
ond
wee
d -
Zann
iche
llia
pal
ustr
is
U -
Unk
now
n sp
ecie
s
4
Tier
1 m
oni
tori
ng p
aram
eter
s
Bas
ic o
bse
rver
and
site
info
rmat
ion
Pho
to r
equi
red
(if
pre
sent
)
SAV
sp
ecie
s
6Ho
rnw
ort
Loca
tio
n: F
resh
wat
er t
ribut
arie
s
Gen
eral
ID:
Lack
s tr
ue r
oots
, but
st
ems
can
gro
w u
p t
o 3
m lo
ng.
Brit
tle, s
tiff l
eave
s g
row
in w
horls
of
9 or
10.
Who
rls a
re d
ense
r to
war
d
the
end
of t
he s
tem
. Lea
ves
fork
into
on o
ne s
ide
of t
he le
af m
arg
in.
Sim
ilar
mo
rpho
log
y: E
uras
ian
wat
erm
ilfoi
l
Fun
fact
s:
• N
eith
er a
dic
ot n
or a
eud
icot
, but
is
clos
ely
rela
ted
to
eud
icot
s•
Foun
d in
all
50 s
tate
s•
Mos
t of
ten
foun
d in
slo
w-m
ovin
g
wat
ers
Cer
atop
hyllu
m d
emer
sum
Ord
er C
erat
ophy
llale
s •
Fam
ily C
erat
ophy
llace
ae
Oligohaline
Cd
3
Sam
plin
g in
the
Che
sap
eake
Bay
Salin
ity
Zo
nes
&
Sam
plin
g G
uid
elin
es
map
ad
apte
d fr
om
VIM
S
Olig
oha
line
(and
Tid
al F
resh
)
&
Aug
ust
and
Sep
tem
ber
Mes
oha
line
&
Mid
-Jul
y to
mid
-Aug
ust
Po
lyha
line
&
May
PA
VAWV
080
Km
080
Mi
Olig
ohal
ine
(and
Tid
al F
resh
)
Poly
halin
e
Mes
ohal
ine
MD
DE
DC
1
Tier
1O
n-si
te re
por
ting
• Sm
artp
hone
eq
uip
ped
with
the
W
ater
Rep
orte
r ap
p
• SA
V s
pec
ies
gui
de
Off-
site
rep
ortin
g•
Pap
er•
Penc
il•
Wat
ch o
r C
lock
• C
amer
a•
GPS
-ena
ble
d d
evic
e•
SAV
sp
ecie
s g
uid
e
Tier
2
Op
tiona
l ite
ms
Fiel
d p
acki
ng li
st
• D
atas
heet
s•
Penc
ils•
Dry
era
se m
arke
r•
Clip
boa
rd•
SAV
sp
ecie
s g
uid
e• •
Wat
ch o
r cl
ock
• C
amer
a•
GPS
-ena
ble
d d
evic
e
• 8”
Sec
chi d
isk
with
att
ache
d
mea
surin
g t
ape
• D
evic
e to
cla
ssify
sed
imen
t•
Firs
t ai
d k
it
• B
inoc
ular
s
• H
and
lens
• D
ry b
ag•
Wat
erp
roof
cam
era
• M
ask
and
sno
rkel
• B
oat
• Li
fe ja
cket
• Tr
ash
bag
7O
rder
Cer
atop
hylla
les
• Fa
mily
Cer
atop
hylla
ceae
Oligohaline
Ho
rnw
ort
Cer
atop
hyllu
m d
emer
sum
C
d
5
Tier
2 m
oni
tori
ng p
aram
eter
sSa
mp
ling
ran
ges
3 m
200
m
Bas
ic o
bse
rver
and
site
info
rmat
ion
Secc
hi d
epth
Wat
er d
epth
Tota
l SA
V d
ensi
tyEp
iphy
tes
SAV
at
surf
ace
Bot
tom
sed
imen
t
Pho
to R
equi
red
(if
pre
sent
)
SAV
sp
ecie
s O
ther
mac
rop
hyte
s
Long
-ran
ge
dat
a
Shor
elin
e ty
pe
Vis
ible
sho
relin
e er
osio
n M
arin
e d
ebris
O
ther
hum
an im
pac
t
(10
ft)
(660
ft)
8Wat
er s
tarw
ort
Loca
tio
n: F
resh
wat
ers
thro
ugho
ut B
ay
Gen
eral
ID:
Egg
-sha
ped
leav
es a
re
brig
ht g
reen
and
ab
out
2 cm
long
and
up
to
8 m
m w
ide.
Eac
h jo
int
of t
he s
tem
emer
ge
abov
e su
rfac
e of
the
wat
er.
Sim
ilar
mo
rpho
log
y: C
omm
on
wat
erw
eed
Fun
fact
s:
• M
ultip
le s
pec
ies
occu
r in
the
Bay
; C
. sta
gna
lis is
sho
wn
at t
he le
ft•
Prov
ides
hab
itat
for
inse
cts
• Fo
od s
ourc
e fo
r d
ucks
Cal
litric
he s
p.
Eud
icot
• O
rder
Cal
litric
hale
s •
Fam
ily C
allic
htric
hace
ae
Oligohaline
Cal
10
Bra
zilia
n w
ater
wee
d
Loca
tio
n: N
ot c
omm
on in
the
Bay
; fou
nd
in fr
esh
wat
ers
Gen
eral
ID:
Form
s th
ick
mat
s at
the
su
rfac
e of
the
wat
er. S
tem
s ar
e hi
ghl
y b
ranc
hed
. Lea
ves
form
in w
horls
of f
our
and
are
den
sest
nea
r th
e to
p o
f the
ste
m.
Leav
es a
re d
ark
or b
right
gre
en, s
erra
ted
, lo
ng, a
nd n
arro
w (u
p t
o 2.
5 cm
long
and
the
sprin
g a
nd t
he fa
ll.
Sim
ilar
mo
rpho
log
y: Hyd
rilla
, com
mon
w
ater
wee
d
Fun
fact
s:
• N
ativ
e to
Sou
th A
mer
ica
• In
trod
uced
to
U.S
. wat
ers
by
aqua
rium
ow
ners
em
pty
ing
the
ir aq
uaria
in r
iver
s an
d p
ond
s
Eger
ia d
ensa
Mon
ocot
• O
rder
Alis
mat
ales
• F
amily
Hyd
roch
arita
ceae
Oligohaline
Eg
d
12
Co
mm
on
wat
erw
eed
Loca
tio
n: F
resh
wat
er t
ribut
arie
s;
occa
sion
ally
in s
altie
r w
ater
s w
here
fr
eshw
ater
sp
ring
s ar
e fo
und
Gen
eral
ID:
Ova
l lea
ves
gro
w d
irect
ly
on t
hin,
bra
nche
d s
tem
s (n
o le
af s
talk
s).
Leav
es g
row
in w
horls
, with
3 p
er n
ode.
Ti
ps
of le
aves
are
blu
nt a
nd m
arg
ins
usin
g a
han
d le
ns. L
eave
s ar
e d
ense
st
tow
ard
ste
m t
ip.
Sim
ilar
mo
rpho
log
y: Hyd
rilla
, wes
tern
an
d B
razi
lian
wat
erw
eed
s
Fun
fact
s:
• Fo
od fo
r bea
vers
, mus
krat
s, a
nd d
ucks
• C
an g
row
in d
eep
or
shal
low
wat
ers
• H
abita
t fo
r in
vert
ebra
tes,
sm
all
Elod
ea c
anad
ensi
s
Mon
ocot
• O
rder
Alis
tam
atal
es •
Fam
ily H
ydro
char
itace
ae
Oligohaline
Ec
14
Wes
tern
wat
erw
eed
Elod
ea n
utta
llii
Mon
ocot
• O
rder
Alis
mat
ales
• F
amily
Hyd
roch
arita
ceae
Oligohaline
Loca
tio
n: F
resh
wat
ers
and
up
per
re
ache
s of
Bay
trib
utar
ies
Gen
eral
ID:
Long
, sle
nder
, bra
nche
d
stem
s g
row
up
to
1 m
long
. Who
rled
le
aves
gro
w d
irect
ly o
n st
ems
(in t
hree
s or
four
s) a
nd a
re e
venl
y sp
aced
alo
ng
stem
. Lea
ves
are
shor
t (u
p t
o 16
mm
) an
d n
arro
w.
Leav
es a
re p
ale
gre
en in
co
lor.
Flow
ers
are
whi
te.
Sim
ilar
mo
rpho
log
y: Hyd
rilla
, com
mon
w
ater
wee
d
Fun
fact
s:
• N
ativ
e to
Nor
th A
mer
ica
• In
vasi
ve in
Eur
ope
and
Asi
a
En
11
Bra
zilia
n w
ater
wee
dEg
eria
den
sa
Mon
ocot
• O
rder
Alis
mat
ales
• F
amily
Hyd
roch
arita
ceae
Oligohaline
Eg
d
9
Wat
er s
tarw
ort
C
allit
riche
sp
.
Eud
icot
• O
rder
Cal
litric
hale
s •
Fam
ily C
allic
htric
hace
ae
Oligohaline
Cal
15
Wes
tern
wat
erw
eed
Elod
ea n
utta
llii
Mon
ocot
• O
rder
Alis
mat
ales
• F
amily
Hyd
roch
arita
ceae
Oligohaline
En
13
Co
mm
on
wat
erw
eed
Elod
ea c
anad
ensi
s
Mon
ocot
• O
rder
Alis
tam
atal
es •
Fam
ily H
ydro
char
itace
ae
Oligohaline
Ec
16
Wat
er s
targ
rass
Het
eran
ther
a d
ubia
Mon
ocot
• O
rder
Com
mel
inal
es •
Fam
ily P
onte
der
iace
ae
Oligohaline
Loca
tio
n: F
resh
wat
er t
ribut
arie
s
Gen
eral
ID:
Tall,
som
ewha
t b
ushy
p
lant
with
gra
ss-li
ke le
aves
tha
t g
row
on
bra
nchi
ng s
tem
s. T
he b
otto
m o
f ea
ch le
af w
rap
s ar
ound
the
ste
m li
ke a
sh
eath
. Lea
ves
are
arra
nged
alte
rnat
ely.
abov
e w
ater
in t
he s
umm
er.
Sim
ilar
mo
rpho
log
y: N
aiad
s
Fun
fact
s:
• Fl
ower
s on
ly o
pen
ab
ove
the
surf
ace
of t
he w
ater
• Th
ere
is a
lso
a te
rres
tria
l for
m o
f thi
s sp
ecie
s
Hd
18
Hyd
rilla
Hyd
rilla
ver
ticill
ata
Mon
ocot
• O
rder
Alis
mat
ales
• F
amily
Hyd
roch
arita
ceae
Oligohaline
Loca
tio
n: F
resh
and
bra
ckis
h w
ater
s of
th
e B
ay, i
n ar
eas
with
mud
dy
sub
stra
te
Gen
eral
ID:
Stem
s ar
e lo
ng a
nd
bra
nchi
ng. L
eave
s g
row
in w
horls
of
3-5,
and
can
be
stra
ight
, lan
ce s
hap
ed,
or v
ery
smal
l. Le
aves
are
line
ar a
nd
serr
ated
. Fl
ower
s ar
e w
hite
and
ver
y sm
all.
Sim
ilar
mo
rpho
log
y: C
omm
on
wat
erw
eed
Fun
fact
s:
• N
on-n
ativ
e in
the
Che
sap
eake
Bay
• C
an li
ve in
low
er li
ght
con
diti
ons
than
oth
er S
AV
sp
ecie
s •
Food
sou
rce
for
mig
rato
ry b
irdsHv
20
Low
wat
erm
ilfo
ilM
yrio
phy
llum
hum
ile
Eud
icot
• O
rder
Sax
ifrag
ales
• F
amily
Hal
orag
acea
e
OligohalineLo
cati
on:
Fre
shw
ater
coa
stal
pon
ds,
la
kes,
and
rese
rvoi
rs a
long
sho
relin
e
Gen
eral
ID:
Mor
pho
log
y is
ext
rem
ely
varia
ble
dep
end
ing
on
wat
er le
vel.
opp
osite
ly o
r sc
atte
red
alo
ng s
tem
s.
Each
leaf
has
up
to
20 h
air-
like
seg
men
ts (u
p t
o 10
per
sid
e) t
hat
mak
e th
is p
lant
ap
pea
r fu
zzy.
Sim
ilar
mo
rpho
log
y: E
uras
ian
wat
erm
ilfoi
l
Fun
fact
s:
• N
ot c
omm
on in
Che
sap
eake
BayMh
22
Par
rot
feat
her
milf
oil
Myr
iop
hyllu
m b
rasi
liens
e (o
r aq
uatic
um)
Eud
icot
• O
rder
Sax
ifrag
ales
• F
amily
Hal
orag
acea
e
Oligohaline
Loca
tio
n: F
resh
wat
ers
of t
he B
ay
Gen
eral
ID:
Stem
s ar
e st
out,
with
sid
e of
the
leaf
has
up
to
25 h
air-
like
pro
trus
ions
tha
t g
ive
it a
feat
her-
like
app
eara
nce.
Ste
ms
som
etim
es a
pp
ear
red
dis
h.
Sim
ilar
mo
rpho
log
y: E
uras
ian
wat
erm
ilfoi
l
Fun
fact
s:
• C
an g
row
out
of w
ater
and
ont
o la
nd•
No
mal
e p
lant
s ex
ist
outs
ide
of S
outh
A
mer
ica
• N
ativ
e to
the
Am
azon
• In
trod
uced
to
the
U.S
. in
Was
hing
ton,
D.C
.
Ma
19
Hyd
rilla
Hyd
rilla
ver
ticill
ata
Mon
ocot
• O
rder
Alis
mat
ales
• F
amily
Hyd
roch
arita
ceae
Oligohaline
Hv
17
Wat
er s
targ
rass
Het
eran
ther
a d
ubia
Mon
ocot
• O
rder
Com
mel
inal
es •
Fam
ily P
onte
der
iace
ae
Oligohaline
Hd
23
Par
rot
feat
her
milf
oil
Myr
iop
hyllu
m b
rasi
liens
e (o
r aq
uatic
um)
Eud
icot
• O
rder
Sax
ifrag
ales
• F
amily
Hal
orag
acea
e
Oligohaline
Ma
21
Low
wat
erm
ilfo
ilM
yrio
phy
llum
hum
ile
Eud
icot
• O
rder
Sax
ifrag
ales
• F
amily
Hal
orag
acea
e
Oligohaline
24
Eur
asia
n w
ater
milf
oil
Loca
tio
n: W
idel
y d
istr
ibut
ed in
fres
h an
d b
rack
ish
wat
ers
of t
he B
ay a
nd it
s tr
ibut
arie
s
Gen
eral
ID:
Del
icat
e le
aves
rese
mb
le
feat
hers
and
gro
w in
who
rls o
f 4
(usu
ally
) or
5. L
eave
s ar
e p
inna
te a
nd
lose
the
ir sh
ape
whe
n re
mov
ed fr
om
the
wat
er. I
n th
e su
mm
er, r
edd
ish
Sim
ilar
mo
rpho
log
y: P
arro
t fe
athe
r m
ilfoi
l, ho
rnw
ort
Fun
fact
s:
• Is
an
intr
oduc
ed s
pec
ies
in t
he B
ay•
Prov
ides
hab
itat
for
inse
cts
and
aq
uatic
sp
ecie
s
Myr
iop
hyllu
m s
pic
atum
Eud
icot
• O
rder
Sax
ifrag
ales
• F
amily
Hal
orag
acea
e
Mesohaline Oligohaline
Ms
26
No
rthe
rn n
aiad
Mon
ocot
• O
rder
Alis
mat
ales
• F
amily
Hyd
roch
arita
ceae
Oligohaline
Loca
tio
n: R
iver
s an
d fr
esh
and
bra
ckis
h B
ay w
ater
s, in
are
as w
ith s
and
y su
bst
rate
Gen
eral
ID:
Nar
row
leav
es a
re s
light
ly
bro
ader
at
the
bas
e an
d g
row
up
to
6
mm
long
. Le
aves
are
op
pos
ite o
r in
w
horls
, and
cur
ve o
ut fr
om t
he s
tem
. St
em is
sle
nder
and
bra
nchi
ng.
Sim
ilar
mo
rpho
log
y: S
lend
er,
sout
hern
, and
sp
iny
naia
ds
Fun
fact
s:
• A
lso
know
n as
the
“no
dd
ing
w
ater
nym
ph”
• Se
nsiti
ve t
o p
ollu
tion
• Fo
od s
ourc
e fo
r w
ater
bird
s
28
Slen
der
nai
adN
ajas
gra
cilli
ma
Mon
ocot
• O
rder
Alis
mat
ales
• F
amily
Hyd
roch
arita
ceae
OligohalineLo
cati
on:
Riv
ers
and
fres
h an
d b
rack
ish
Bay
wat
ers,
in a
reas
with
san
dy
sub
stra
te
Gen
eral
ID:
Leav
es a
re n
arro
wer
tha
n th
ose
of s
outh
ern
and
nor
ther
n na
iad
s.
edg
es. L
eave
s ar
e op
pos
ite o
r w
horle
d
and
gro
w u
p t
o 28
mm
in le
ngth
. Lea
ves
gro
w m
ore
den
sely
nea
r th
e to
p o
f the
sl
end
er, b
ranc
hing
ste
m.
Sim
ilar
mo
rpho
log
y: N
orth
ern,
so
uthe
rn, a
nd s
pin
y na
iad
s
Fun
fact
s:
• A
lso
calle
d t
he “
thre
ad-li
ke
wat
erny
mp
h”
Ng
r
30
Sout
hern
nai
adN
ajas
gua
dal
upen
sis
Mon
ocot
• O
rder
Alis
mat
ales
• F
amily
Hyd
roch
arita
ceae
Oligohaline
Loca
tio
n: R
iver
s an
d fr
esh
and
b
rack
ish
Bay
wat
ers,
in a
reas
with
sa
ndy
sub
stra
te
Gen
eral
ID:
leav
es g
row
up
to
33 m
m lo
ng. L
eave
s ar
e op
pos
ite o
r w
horle
d o
n sl
end
er,
bra
nchi
ng s
tem
s.
Sim
ilar
mo
rpho
log
y: S
lend
er,
nort
hern
, and
sp
iny
naia
ds
Fun
fact
s:
• Fo
und
acr
oss
the
Am
eric
as•
Con
sid
ered
a w
eed
in s
ome
area
s• •
Als
o ca
lled
“b
ushy
pon
dw
eed
”
Ng
d
27
No
rthe
rn n
aiad
Mon
ocot
• O
rder
Alis
mat
ales
• F
amily
Hyd
roch
arita
ceae
Oligohaline
25
Eur
asia
n w
ater
milf
oil
Myr
iop
hyllu
m s
pic
atum
Eud
icot
• O
rder
Sax
ifrag
ales
• F
amily
Hal
orag
acea
e
Mesohaline Oligohaline
Ms
31
Sout
hern
nai
adN
ajas
gua
dal
upen
sis
Mon
ocot
• O
rder
Alis
mat
ales
• F
amily
Hyd
roch
arita
ceae
Oligohaline
Ng
d
29
Slen
der
nai
adN
ajas
gra
cilli
ma
Mon
ocot
• O
rder
Alis
mat
ales
• F
amily
Hyd
roch
arita
ceae
Oligohaline
Ng
r
32
Spin
y na
iad
Naj
as m
inor
Mon
ocot
• O
rder
Alis
mat
ales
• F
amily
Hyd
roch
arita
ceae
Oligohaline
Loca
tio
n: R
iver
s an
d fr
esh
and
bra
ckis
h B
ay w
ater
s, in
are
as w
ith s
and
y su
bst
rate
Gen
eral
ID:
Leav
es a
re n
arro
wer
tha
n th
ose
of S
outh
ern
and
Nor
ther
n na
iad
s.
Tiny
tee
th o
n le
af e
dg
es a
re v
isib
le t
o th
e na
ked
eye
. Stif
f, re
curv
ed le
aves
g
row
op
pos
itely
or
who
rled
on
slen
der
, b
ranc
hing
ste
ms.
Sim
ilar
mo
rpho
log
y: S
lend
er,
sout
hern
, and
nor
ther
n na
iad
Fun
fact
s:
• A
lso
calle
d t
he “
brit
tle w
ater
nym
ph”
• In
trod
uced
sp
ecie
s fr
om E
urop
e
Nm
34
Cur
ly p
ond
wee
d
Loca
tio
n: W
idel
y d
istr
ibut
ed in
fres
h an
d s
light
ly b
rack
ish
wat
ers
of t
he B
ay
Gen
eral
ID:
bra
nchi
ng, w
ith a
ltern
ate
or o
pp
osite
le
aves
. Lea
ves
are
long
and
bro
ad,
win
ter,
leav
es a
pp
ear
blu
e-g
reen
and
curli
er a
nd re
dd
ish
bro
wn.
Sim
ilar
mo
rpho
log
y: R
edhe
ad g
rass
Fun
fact
s:
• In
trod
uced
to
the
Che
sap
eake
Bay
in
the
180
0’s
• N
ativ
e to
Eur
ope
Pot
amog
eton
cris
pus
Mon
ocot
• O
rder
Alis
mat
ales
• F
amily
Pot
amog
eton
acea
e
Oligohaline
Pc
36
Leaf
y p
ond
wee
dPo
tam
oget
on e
pih
ydru
s
Mon
ocot
• O
rder
Alis
mat
ales
• F
amily
Pot
amog
eton
acea
e
OligohalineLo
cati
on:
Slo
w m
ovin
g, f
resh
wat
ers
less
tha
n 2
m d
eep
Gen
eral
ID:
sub
mer
ged
leav
es, w
hich
are
brig
ht
gre
en w
ith a
lig
ht-c
olor
ed s
trip
e d
own
to 1
8 cm
long
. Flo
wer
s ar
e sm
all a
nd
bro
wni
sh g
reen
.
Sim
ilar
mo
rpho
log
y: O
ther
p
ond
wee
ds
Fun
fact
s:
• Ea
ten
by
wat
erfo
wl
• Pr
ovid
es h
abita
t fo
r aq
uatic
ani
mal
s
Pe
38
Illin
ois
po
ndw
eed
Pota
mog
eton
illin
oens
is
Mon
ocot
• O
rder
Alis
mat
ales
• F
amily
Pot
amog
eton
acea
e
Oligohaline
Loca
tio
n: R
are
in t
he B
ay, m
ay b
e fo
und
in fr
eshw
ater
are
as
Gen
eral
ID:
Long
ste
ms
sup
por
t el
lipse
-sha
ped
leav
es. L
eave
s g
row
and
hav
e p
oint
ed t
ips.
Ste
ms
are
long
, cy
lind
rical
, slim
, and
bra
nchi
ng. S
mal
l
Sim
ilar
mo
rpho
log
y: O
ther
p
ond
wee
ds
Fun
fact
s:
• A
lso
know
n as
“sh
inin
g p
ond
wee
d”Pi
35
Cur
ly p
ond
wee
d P
otam
oget
on c
risp
us
Mon
ocot
• O
rder
Alis
mat
ales
• F
amily
Pot
amog
eton
acea
e
Oligohaline
Pc
33
Spin
y na
iad
Naj
as m
inor
Mon
ocot
• O
rder
Alis
mat
ales
• F
amily
Hyd
roch
arita
ceae
Oligohaline
Nm
39
Illin
ois
po
ndw
eed
Pota
mog
eton
illin
oens
is
Mon
ocot
• O
rder
Alis
mat
ales
• F
amily
Pot
amog
eton
acea
e
Oligohaline
Pi
37
Leaf
y p
ond
wee
dPo
tam
oget
on e
pih
ydru
s
Mon
ocot
• O
rder
Alis
mat
ales
• F
amily
Pot
amog
eton
acea
e
Oligohaline
Pe
40
Am
eric
an p
ond
wee
d
Loca
tio
n: R
iver
s, p
ond
s, a
nd t
idal
fres
h an
d b
rack
ish
wat
ers
of t
he B
ay
Gen
eral
ID: G
row
s in
mat
s at
the
su
rfac
e of
the
wat
er. S
tem
s ca
n b
e up
to
2 m
long
. Flo
atin
g le
aves
are
ov
al a
nd a
re 1
0-18
cm
long
and
up
to
2-5
cm a
cros
s. U
nder
wat
er le
aves
are
sp
arse
, and
are
sm
alle
r an
d b
lad
e-lik
e.
Flow
er s
talk
s g
row
ab
ove
wat
er.
Sim
ilar
mo
rpho
log
y: O
ther
p
ond
wee
ds
Fun
fact
s:
• A
lso
calle
d “
long
leaf
pon
dw
eed
”•
Food
sou
rce
and
she
lter
for
turt
les,
•
Pot
amog
eton
nod
osus
Mon
ocot
• O
rder
Alis
mat
ales
• F
amily
Pot
amog
eton
acea
e
Oligohaline
Pn
42
Red
head
gra
ss P
otam
oget
on p
erfo
liatu
s
Mon
ocot
• O
rder
Alis
mat
ales
• F
amily
Pot
amog
eton
acea
e
Oligohaline
Loca
tio
n: B
rack
ish
wat
ers
with
mud
dy
sub
stra
te a
nd s
low
cur
rent
s
Gen
eral
ID:
Flat
, ova
l lea
ves
are
arra
nged
alte
rnat
ely
or o
pp
osite
ly.
Leaf
bas
es a
ttac
h d
irect
ly t
o sl
end
er,
and
4 c
m a
cros
s, a
nd h
ave
curle
d
edg
es. S
tem
s m
ay b
e w
hitis
h or
re
dd
ish,
and
bra
nche
d n
ear
the
top
.
Sim
ilar
mo
rpho
log
y: C
urly
pon
dw
eed
Fun
fact
s:
• N
amed
for
the
red
head
duc
ks t
hat
cons
ume
it•
Als
o a
food
sou
rce
for
othe
r w
ater
fow
l
Pp
f
44
Slen
der
po
ndw
eed
Pota
mog
eton
pus
illus
Mon
ocot
• O
rder
Alis
mat
ales
• F
amily
Pot
amog
eton
acea
e
OligohalineLo
cati
on:
Up
per
and
mid
dle
Bay
and
fr
esh
to b
rack
ish
trib
utar
ies
Gen
eral
ID:
Long
, thi
n, g
rass
-like
leav
es
have
poi
nted
tip
s an
d m
ay b
e p
urp
lish
in c
olor
. Lea
ves
are
arra
nged
alte
rnat
ely
and
hav
e p
rom
inen
t m
id-v
eins
. Ste
ms
are
slen
der
and
bra
nchi
ng. F
low
ers
gro
w in
who
rls o
n sp
ikes
.
Sim
ilar
mo
rpho
log
y: S
ago
pon
dw
eed
, ho
rned
pon
dw
eed
, and
wid
geo
ngra
ss
Fun
fact
s:
• A
lso
calle
d “
smal
l pon
dw
eed
”•
Eate
n b
y w
ater
fow
l
Pp
u
46
Wid
geo
ngra
ss
Loca
tio
n: W
idel
y d
istr
ibut
ed in
Bay
Gen
eral
ID:
Long
, nar
row
, thr
ead
like
leav
es g
row
alte
rnat
ely
on n
arro
w
stem
s. A
she
ath
gro
ws
at t
he b
ase
of
each
leaf
. Lea
ves
gro
w u
p t
o 10
cm
lo
ng a
nd 0
.5 m
m w
ide.
Dur
ing
the
late
upw
ard
s.
Sim
ilar
mo
rpho
log
y: H
orne
d a
nd
Fun
fact
s:
• M
ay b
e fo
und
gro
win
g w
ith e
elg
rass
• M
ost
com
mon
in s
and
y su
bst
rate
• Im
por
tant
food
sou
rce
for
duc
ks,
gee
se, a
nd o
ther
wat
erfo
wl
Rup
pia
mar
itim
a
Mon
ocot
• O
rder
Alis
mat
ales
• F
amily
Rup
pia
ceae
MesohalinePolyhaline
Rm
43
Red
head
gra
ssPo
tam
oget
on p
erfo
liatu
s
Mon
ocot
• O
rder
Alis
mat
ales
• F
amily
Pot
amog
eton
acea
e
Oligohaline
Pp
f
41
Am
eric
an p
ond
wee
d P
otam
oget
on n
odos
us
Mon
ocot
• O
rder
Alis
mat
ales
• F
amily
Pot
amog
eton
acea
e
Oligohaline
Pn
47
Wid
geo
ngra
ssRu
pp
ia m
ariti
ma
Mon
ocot
• O
rder
Alis
mat
ales
• F
amily
Rup
pia
ceae
MesohalinePolyhaline
Rm
45
Slen
der
po
ndw
eed
Pota
mog
eton
pus
illus
Mon
ocot
• O
rder
Alis
mat
ales
• F
amily
Pot
amog
eton
acea
e
Oligohaline
Pp
u
50
Bla
dd
erw
ort
Loca
tio
n: F
resh
wat
er p
ond
s an
d d
itche
s
Gen
eral
ID:
with
ste
ms
and
leav
es s
ubm
erg
ed.
Stem
s ar
e b
ranc
hing
and
gro
w
horiz
onta
lly. L
eave
s ar
e al
tern
ate,
ste
m-
like,
line
ar, a
nd m
ay g
row
op
pos
itely
or
who
rled
. Bla
dd
ers
gro
w o
n st
ems
and
le
aves
. Tru
e ro
ots
are
abse
nt. F
low
ers
Fun
fact
s:
• Se
vera
l sp
ecie
s in
hab
it th
e C
hesa
pea
ke B
ay•
Are
car
nivo
rous
; the
y tr
ap a
nd d
iges
t or
gan
ism
s in
bla
dd
ers
• • O
ften
cal
led
“d
itch
gra
ss”
Utr
icul
aria
Eud
icot
• O
rder
Lam
iale
s •
Fam
ily L
entib
ular
iace
ae
Oligohaline
Up
48
Sag
o p
ond
wee
dSt
ucke
nia
pec
tinat
a
Mon
ocot
• O
rder
Alis
mat
ales
• F
amily
Pot
amog
eton
acea
e
Mesohaline
Loca
tio
n: F
resh
to
bra
ckis
h no
n-tid
al
wat
ers
thro
ugho
ut t
he B
ay
Gen
eral
ID:
Stem
s ar
e sl
end
er a
nd
bra
nchi
ng. L
eave
s ar
e ar
rang
ed
alte
rnat
ely,
and
are
long
, thr
ead
like,
an
d t
aper
ed t
o a
poi
nt. T
he b
asal
sh
eath
may
be
poi
nted
. Ste
ms
and
le
aves
may
ap
pea
r fa
n-lik
e.
Sim
ilar
mo
rpho
log
y: H
orne
d
pon
dw
eed
and
wid
geo
ngra
ss
Fun
fact
s:
• as
Po
tam
og
eto
n p
ectin
atus
• In
hab
its t
he A
mer
icas
, Eur
ope,
A
fric
a, a
nd A
sia
Sp
54
Eel
gra
ss
Loca
tio
n: F
rom
Cho
pta
nk R
iver
sou
th
Gen
eral
ID:
Leav
es a
re r
ibb
on-li
ke
and
alte
rnat
e, s
pac
ed a
t no
des
up
to
3.5
cm a
par
t. L
eave
s ha
ve ro
und
ed
tips
and
are
wra
pp
ed a
t th
e b
ase
by
a sh
eath
up
to
20 c
m lo
ng. L
eave
s ca
n g
row
up
to
1.2
m in
leng
th, a
nd m
ay b
e lo
ng a
nd w
ide
(dee
p, m
udd
y ar
eas)
or
shor
t an
d n
arro
w (s
hallo
w, s
and
y ar
eas)
.
Sim
ilar
mo
rpho
log
y: W
ild c
eler
y
Fun
fact
s:
• Ee
lgra
ss b
eds
pro
vid
e re
fug
e fo
r m
any
spec
ies
incl
udin
g s
eaho
rses
,
and
sca
llop
s.•
Eelg
rass
is t
he o
nly
true
sea
gra
ss
foun
d in
the
Che
sap
eake
Bay
.
Zost
era
mar
ina
Mon
ocot
• O
rder
Alis
mat
ales
• F
amily
Zos
tera
ceae
Polyhaline
Zm
52
Wild
cel
ery
Valli
sner
ia a
mer
ican
a
Mon
ocot
• O
rder
Alis
mat
ales
• F
amily
Hyd
roch
arita
ceae
Oligohaline
Loca
tio
n: F
resh
to
slig
htly
bra
ckis
h tid
al
wat
ers
of t
he B
ay
Gen
eral
ID:
Rib
bon
-like
leav
es g
row
in
clu
ster
s fr
om t
he b
ase
of t
he p
lant
.
roun
ded
tip
s an
d a
lig
ht g
reen
cen
ter
strip
e. T
hey
gro
w u
p t
o 1.
5 m
long
and
1
cm w
ide.
Sim
ilar
mo
rpho
log
y: E
elg
rass
Fun
fact
s:
• Pr
ovid
es fo
od fo
r m
igra
tory
and
ov
erw
inte
ring
bird
s
Va
49
Sag
o p
ond
wee
dSt
ucke
nia
pec
tinat
a
Mon
ocot
• O
rder
Alis
mat
ales
• F
amily
Pot
amog
eton
acea
e
Mesohaline
Sp
51Eu
dic
ot •
Ord
er L
amia
les
• Fa
mily
Len
tibul
aria
ceae
Oligohaline
Bla
dd
erw
ort
Utr
icul
aria
Up
53
Wild
cel
ery
Valli
sner
ia a
mer
ican
a
Mon
ocot
• O
rder
Alis
mat
ales
• F
amily
Hyd
roch
arita
ceae
Oligohaline
Va
55
Eel
gra
ssZo
ster
a m
arin
a
Mon
ocot
• O
rder
Alis
mat
ales
• F
amily
Zos
tera
ceae
Polyhaline
Zm
56
Ho
rned
po
ndw
eed
Loca
tio
n: W
idel
y d
istr
ibut
ed in
the
Bay
Gen
eral
ID:
Stem
s ar
e sl
end
er a
nd
bra
nchi
ng. L
ong
, lin
ear,
thre
adlik
e le
aves
are
arr
ang
ed o
pp
osite
ly o
r in
who
rls. L
eaf t
ips
are
poi
nted
and
th
e b
asal
she
ath
of t
he le
aves
is t
hin.
Th
is p
lant
can
be
dis
ting
uish
ed b
y its
ho
rn-li
ke s
eed
s th
at a
pp
ear
in p
airs
or
som
etim
es in
a s
et o
f fou
r.
Sim
ilar
mo
rpho
log
y: S
ago
pon
dw
eed
, w
idg
eong
rass
Fun
fact
s:
• M
ultip
le v
aria
tions
of t
his
spec
ies
exis
t; s
ever
al a
re s
how
n on
thi
s p
age
•
Two
form
s ar
e fo
und
in t
he B
ay: o
ne
gro
ws
upw
ard
s, t
he o
ther
gro
ws
alon
g t
he b
otto
m s
edim
ent
with
st
ems
and
root
s to
get
her
Zan
nich
ellia
pal
ustr
is
Mon
ocot
• O
rder
Alis
mat
ales
• F
amily
Pot
amog
eton
acea
e
Mesohaline OligohalinePolyhaline
Zp
58
Ep
iphy
tes
Wha
t ar
e th
ey?
Epip
hyte
s ar
e al
gal
sp
ecie
s th
at g
row
on
SAV.
In t
erre
stria
l sy
stem
s, e
pip
hytic
pla
nts
may
gro
w o
n ot
her
pla
nts,
suc
h as
tre
es.
Are
the
y p
aras
ites
? N
o. E
pip
hyte
s us
e SA
V a
nd o
ther
pla
nts
as a
sub
stra
te o
n w
hich
to
gro
w, a
nd d
o no
t ne
cess
arily
im
pac
t th
eir
host
neg
ativ
ely.
How
ever
, w
hen
nutr
ient
s ar
e ov
erly
ab
und
ant,
ep
iphy
tic a
lgae
may
cov
er t
oo m
uch
of
the
host
SA
V s
urfa
ce, b
lock
ing
lig
ht a
nd
inhi
biti
ng p
hoto
synt
hesi
s.
Loca
tio
n: O
ften
foun
d g
row
ing
on
SAV
in
and
aro
und
the
Bay
.
Gen
eral
ID:
Varie
s im
men
sely
d
epen
din
g o
n sp
ecie
s of
ep
iphy
te. M
ay
gro
w o
n st
em o
r b
ase
of S
AV.
60
Gre
en f
resh
wat
er a
lgae
Gre
en fr
eshw
ater
mac
roal
gae
Gen
era:
Cha
ra, N
itella
Co
mm
on
Nam
e: M
uskg
rass
Gen
eral
ID:
Rese
mb
le s
ome
SAV
sp
ecie
s, b
ut t
hese
are
alg
ae, n
ot p
lant
s. L
eave
s b
ranc
h,
and
gro
w o
ff b
ranc
hing
ste
ms
in w
horls
.
62Re
d s
altw
ater
mac
roal
gae
Gen
era:
Gra
cila
ria, A
gar
die
lla
Co
mm
on
Nam
e: R
ed a
lgae
Gen
eral
ID:
Red
in c
olor
, hig
hly
bra
nche
d s
truc
ture
.
Red
sal
twat
er a
lgae
59
Lyng
bya
Bac
teria
• P
hylu
m C
yano
bac
teria
Wha
t is
it?
Lyng
bya
is a
fres
hwat
er
cyan
obac
teria
.
Loca
tio
n: L
yng
bya
has
bee
n fo
und
in
the
nort
hern
Bay
cov
erin
g S
AV
bed
s,
Gen
eral
ID:
Gro
ws
in s
tran
ds
that
cl
ump
tog
ethe
r an
d fo
rm m
ats
in w
arm
, fr
esh
wat
ers.
Imp
acts
on
SAV
sp
ecie
s: C
an g
row
ove
r SA
V b
eds
and
inhi
bit
pho
tosy
nthe
sis.
War
ning
s: A
ssoc
iate
d t
oxin
s m
ay c
ause
avoi
d d
irect
con
tact
with
Lyn
gb
ya. W
ash
your
ski
n w
ith s
oap
if c
onta
ct o
ccur
s!
57
Ho
rned
po
ndw
eed
Z
anni
chel
lia p
alus
tris
Mon
ocot
• O
rder
Alis
mat
ales
• F
amily
Pot
amog
eton
acea
e
Mesohaline OligohalinePolyhaline
Zp
63B
row
n sa
ltwat
er m
acro
alg
ae
Gen
us:
Asc
ophy
llum
Co
mm
on
Nam
e: K
nott
ed w
rack
Gen
eral
ID:
Long
fron
ds
with
roun
ded
tip
s an
d a
ir b
lad
der
s.
Gen
us:
Fucu
s
Co
mm
on
Nam
e: B
lad
der
wra
ck
Gen
eral
ID:
Long
, bra
nchi
ng fr
ond
s w
ith
air
bla
dd
ers.
Bro
wn
salt
wat
er a
lgae
61G
reen
sal
twat
er m
acro
alg
ae
Spec
ies:
Ulv
a la
ctuc
a
Co
mm
on
Nam
e: S
ea L
ettu
ce
Gen
us:
Ulv
a
Co
mm
on
Nam
e: E
nter
omor
pha
Gen
eral
ID: B
right
gre
en in
col
or, w
ith t
hin,
leaf
-like
fron
ds.
Gre
en s
altw
ater
alg
ae
64
Wat
er c
hest
nut
Trap
a na
tans
Wha
t is
it?
Wat
er c
hest
nut
is a
n in
vasi
ve
man
aged
in t
he C
hesa
pea
ke B
ay.
Loca
tio
n: H
as b
een
foun
d in
up
per
C
hesa
pea
ke B
ay t
ribut
arie
s an
d in
the
Po
tom
ac R
iver
.
Gen
eral
ID:
Tria
ngle
-sha
ped
leav
es fo
rm
wat
er. T
he p
lant
itse
lf is
bul
ky b
ut t
he
Imp
acts
on
SAV
sp
ecie
s: L
eave
s ca
n b
lock
sun
light
from
reac
hing
SA
V,
com
pet
es fo
r sp
ace.
Wha
t to
do
if y
ou
see
it:
If yo
u se
e w
ater
che
stnu
t w
hile
sam
plin
g S
AV,
ale
rt
MD
DN
R at
(410
) 260
-863
0.
66
Har
mfu
l alg
al b
loo
ms
Wha
t is
it?
Cer
tain
alg
ae s
pec
ies
can
pro
duc
e to
xins
dan
ger
ous
to h
uman
s an
d a
qua
tic s
pec
ies.
Whe
n th
ese
spec
ies
rep
rod
uce
very
qui
ckly
, or
“blo
om”,
the
y ca
n fo
rm a
har
mfu
l alg
al
blo
om, o
r “H
AB
”.
Gen
eral
ID:
May
look
like
thi
ck m
ats
or c
lum
ps
are
gro
win
g o
n or
nea
r th
e w
ater
sur
face
. May
be
red
, gre
en, o
r b
row
n in
col
or.
Wha
t sh
oul
d y
ou
do
? d
istin
gui
sh a
har
mfu
l alg
al b
loom
from
a
non-
harm
ful o
ne, s
o it
is b
est
not
to
sam
ple
in a
reas
with
an
alg
al b
loom
. In
stea
d, r
epor
t su
spic
ious
alg
al b
loom
s to
the
Che
sap
eake
Bay
Saf
ety
and
En
viro
nmen
tal H
otlin
e at
(8
77) 2
24-7
229.
68
Leaf
arr
ang
emen
t vo
cab
ular
y
Bas
alA
lter
nate
Who
rled
Op
po
site
Not
e: D
o no
t d
eter
min
e le
af a
rran
gem
ent
bas
ed o
n w
here
the
ste
m d
ivid
es, a
s
Thes
e fo
ur d
iag
ram
s in
trod
uce
you
to t
erm
inol
ogy
that
is u
sed
thr
oug
hout
thi
s p
ocke
t g
uid
e to
den
ote
leaf
arr
ang
emen
t.
Qui
ck c
onve
rsio
ns: 1
cm
= 0
.4 in
1
m =
3 ft
70Pho
to a
ttri
but
ion
7 - C
hesa
pea
ke B
ay P
rog
ram
(CB
P)
And
reas
Roc
kste
in, J
on S
ulliv
an
9 -
Dr.
Mar
y G
illha
m A
rchi
ve
Proj
ect,
Ric
hard
Pla
ce
11 -
CB
P, T
. Pen
ning
ton
13 -
And
reas
Roc
kste
in, M
erik
e Li
nnam
ägi
15 -
Chr
istia
n_Fi
sche
r, Ra
dio
Ton
leg
17 -
19 -
21 -
Don
ald
Cam
eron
23 -
And
ré K
arw
ath,
Eve
lyn
Sim
ak
25 -
bur
ita20
12
27 -
Rob
ert
H. M
ohle
nbro
ck,
SERN
EC
29 -
Don
ald
Cam
eron
, Sho
w R
yu
31 -
Rob
ert
H. M
ohle
nbro
ck
33 -
Rob
ert
H. M
ohle
nbro
ck ,
MD
D
NR
35 -
Kris
tian
Pete
rs
36 -
Brit
ton
& B
row
n
37 -
Edw
ard
G. V
oss,
Bar
re H
ellq
uist
39 -
Dic
k C
ulb
ert,
Na.
J. P
illa,
Fe
rnan
do
Arc
as
41-
jillll
ybea
n
43 -
Kris
tian
Pete
rs, N
atur
al
Reso
urce
s W
ales
45 -
all b
y C
hris
tianF
ishe
r2
47 -
Bro
oke
Land
ry, T
im C
arru
ther
s
49 -
CB
P, B
rook
e La
ndry
51 -
Him
eji S
cien
ce M
useu
m
53 -
all
by
Ann
ie C
arew
Org
aniz
ed b
y p
age
num
ber
from
left
to
right
55 -
Jon
Lef
chec
k
57 -
CB
P
58 -
Mar
k Ro
driq
ue, B
rook
e La
ndry
59 -
MD
DN
R, W
ikim
edia
Com
mon
s
60 -
61 -
Kat
ia S
chul
z, R
ia T
an
62 -
Bob
Pet
erso
n, P
eter
So
uthw
ood
63 -
Hen
ry H
emm
ing
, Ans
gar
G
rub
er
64 -
all
by
MD
DN
R
65 -
Alle
n G
athm
an, D
enni
sM2,
C
arna
t Jo
el
66 -
Ohi
o Se
a G
rant
67 -
Luke
McG
uff,
CB
P, H
ans
Hill
ewae
rt, C
BP,
NO
AA’
s N
atio
nal
67
Cre
atur
es y
ou
may
see
nea
r SA
V
Biv
alve
sFi
shes
Cru
stac
eans
Am
phi
pod
sSe
ahor
ses
Snai
ls
65
Lily
pad
sG
enus
Nup
har
• G
enus
Nym
pho
ides
• N
elum
bo
lute
aW
hat
is it
? Va
rious
sp
ecie
s of
lily
pad
th
at in
hab
it th
e C
hesa
pea
ke B
ay.
Loca
tio
n: F
resh
wat
ers
in t
he
Che
sap
eake
Bay
wat
ersh
ed.
Gen
eral
ID:
Roun
ded
leav
es w
ith w
axy
Imp
acts
on
SAV
sp
ecie
s: C
an b
lock
su
nlig
ht fr
om re
achi
ng S
AV.
71
Site
ID:
(YYM
MD
D.h
hmm
.FL)
Imag
e
des
crip
tio
n:
69
Co
ntac
t lis
t•
To re
por
t su
spic
ious
alg
al b
loom
s, c
all t
he C
hesa
pea
ke B
ay
Safe
ty a
nd E
nviro
nmen
tal H
otlin
e at
(877
) 224
-722
9.
• To
rep
ort
a st
rand
ed m
arin
e m
amm
al o
r se
a tu
rtle
, cal
l the
M
aryl
and
Mar
ine
Mam
mal
and
Sea
Tur
tle S
tran
din
g R
esp
onse
Pr
ogra
m a
t 1-
800-
628-
9944
.
• Fo
r a
natu
ral r
esou
rces
em
erg
ency
or
to re
que
st a
ssis
tanc
e,
call
the
Mar
ylan
d D
epar
tmen
t of
Nat
ural
Res
ourc
es a
t 1-
800-
628-
9944
or
(410
) 260
-888
8.
• W
ildlif
e C
rimes
top
per
s at
(443
) 433
-411
.