National Aeronautics and Space AdministrationNational Aeronautics and Space Administration

ISS Overview

22 Feb 2012International Space Station PanelPM Challenge – Orlando, Florida

The Story of Human Space Exploration (Animated)

1957-1975

Mastering human spaceflight

Learn how to build rockets and space

ships

Routine Access to LEO, ISS

LEO, Moon

SLS/MPCVLong-Duration Habitation

1973-2020

Learn how to live and work in microgravity.

Begin to develop commercial capability

Mastering low Earth Orbit

LEO

2017-2027

Mastering cis-lunar space

Learn how to live and work in deep space

Develop tools for long duration missions

L2, L1, LLO, HEO, GEO

Long-life in-space propulsionLargest heavy lift

Surface capabilities

2025-2038

Develop tools for working on the

bodies closest to Earth

Expanding human exploration beyond cis-lunar space; beginning human exploration of close bodies

NEAs, Lunar surface

Advanced in-space propulsionMARS EDL

Mars Surface Tools

2035+

Learn how to live and work on other planets

Mastering the inner solar system

Mars Moons, Mars Surface

Capability Driven Human Space Exploration:ISS as the Foundation and Cornerstone

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The International Space Station

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Scientific Laboratory • Technology Test Bed • Orbiting Outpost • Galactic Observatory

New Approach: CASIS

Sustain Human Health and Performance • Ensure Systems Readiness • Validate Operational Procedures

International Space StationResearch and Technology Demonstration Progress

• 1,200 experiment supporting 1,600 scientists in 59 counties

- ECLSS (environmental control and life support systems) – Achieved 70-80% water and air recycling on ISS; on the way to reducing logistics to support humans in space by 85%

- Human Research – Advancing knowledge needed to send humans on exploration missions beyond Earth and improve human health on Earth

- Materials Testbed – Better understanding of materials properties has shortened satellite component development time by as much as 50% and is important to future spacecraft design

- Earth Observations – Daily ISS passes over 95% of population centers documenting global change & geographic events

- Reaching Students –30+ million students have participated in human space flight though communication downlinks and interactive experiments with the ISS astronauts

• ISS Research and Developmental Technologies: Closed-loop life support, Advanced monitoring & control, In-space assembly, Maintainability, supportability and logistics, Solar panels and batteries, EVA technologies, Automated systems, Exercise systems, Medical care, Food systems 5

HABITATION – LIFE SUPPORT – ROBOTICS – ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING – CREW HEALTH - COMMUNICATIONS

ISS as a Research and Development Platform

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Examples of Exploration Capabilities That Could Be Tested on ISS

• Highly dexterous, semi-autonomous robotic systems (IVA/EVA)• Robotic Free Flyer Inspector• RCS Sled with robotic manipulators• Advanced Personal Mobility Systems• Advanced Exploration Class EVA Suits• Suit Ports• Exploration Atmosphere physiological effects• Environmental Control and Life Support Systems• Exploration Communications and Navigations• Radiation Mitigation Testing• Modular Power Systems (batteries, solar arrays, fuel cells, etc.)• Advanced Logistics and Waste Management • Advanced Medical Operations• Advanced Docking Systems• Cryogenic Propulsion Stage with Cyro Management and Transfer• Time Delayed / Autonomous Mission Operations

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A History of Collaboration and CooperationA Stepping-Stone for Deep-Space Exploration

International Cooperation: Vital

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Partnerships: International, Interagency, Industry, Academia

Definition: • A NASA partnership is an agreement between the agency and one or more

entities that provides tangible benefit and shares cost, equity, and possibly risk between all parties.

Potential benefits to that improve sustainability for NASA and its partners• Provide economic incentive (expansion, prosperity, innovation)• Enhance architecture• Enhance existing capabilities• Enable new industries• Improve affordability• Accelerate schedule• Ensure space industrial base viability• Spread the cost base across multiple

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Health and Medicine

Spinoffs have

occurred in every sector

Information Technology

Consumer Goods

Energy and Environment

Industrial Productivity

Public Safety

Transportation

With over 1,750 recorded NASA spinoffs, NASA technologies influence our lives in a variety of ways—making us safer, healthier, and more efficient.

NASA Exploration Plans: Tangible Benefits

Looking Toward the Future

• ISS will be the centerpiece of human spaceflight activities until at least 2020

• Research and technology breakthroughs aboard ISS will facilitate travel to destinations beyond low Earth orbit

• Destinations for human exploration remain ambitious: the moon, asteroids and Mars

• Continue to undertake world-class science missions to observe our planet, reach destinations throughout the solar system and peer even deeper into the universe

• Advance aeronautics research to create a safer, more environmentally friendly and efficient air travel network for the Next Generation Air Transportation System

• Continue to inspire the next generation of scientists, engineers and astronauts by focusing on STEM education initiatives

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