oltp v/s olap by amrita mathur

8/2/2019 OLTP V/s OLAP by Amrita Mathur

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Presented By:Amrita Mathur

OLAP v/s OLTP


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Which are ourlowest/highest margin

customers ?

Which are ourlowest/highest margin

customers ?

Who are my customers

and what productsare they buying?

Who are my customersand what products

are they buying?

Which customersare most likely to goto the competition ?

Which customers

are most likely to goto the competition ?

What impact willnew products/services

have on revenueand margins?

What impact willnew products/services

have on revenue

and margins?

What product prom--otions have the biggest

impact on revenue?

What product prom-

-otions have the biggestimpact on revenue?

What is the mosteffective distribution

channel?

What is the mosteffective distribution

channel?

A producer wants to know.


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Data, Data everywhereyet ...

I cant find the data I need

data is scattered over thenetwork

many versions, subtledifferences

I cant get the data I need need an expert to get the data

I cant understand the data Ifound

available data poorly documented

I cant use the data I found results are unexpected

data needs to be transformedfrom one form to other


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What is a Data Warehouse?

A single, complete andconsistent store of dataobtained from a variety

of different sourcesmade available to endusers in a what theycan understand and use

in a business context.


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What are the users saying...

Data should be integratedacross the enterprise

Summary data has a real

value to the organization

Historical data holds thekey to understanding data

over time


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OLTP OLTP = online

transaction processing

The process of movingdata around to handle

day-to-day affairs Scheduling classes

Registering students

Tracking benefits

Recording payments, etc.

ATM


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OLTP

Run the business in real time OLTP systems captures

transaction immediately asthey occur.

Database Systems have beenused traditionally for OLTP.

Optimized to handle largenumbers of simple read/write

transactions


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OLTP example : ATM

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Limitations of OLTP

OLTP does not have repositories offacts and historical data for businessanalysis.

Cannot quickly answer adhocqueries.

Data is inconsistent and changing. Duplicate entries exists.

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OLAP : Online Analytical Processing

OLAP is the process of creating andsummarizing historical, multidimensionaldata To help users understand the data better

Provide a basis for informed decisions Allow users to manipulate and explore data

themselves, easily and intuitively

More than just reporting

Reporting is just one (static) product ofOLAP

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OLAP Databases

OLAP systems require support databases

These databases typically Support fewer simultaneous users than OLTP

back ends Are structured simply; i.e., denormalized

Can grow large Hold snapshots of data in OLTP systems

Provide history/time depth to our analyses

Are optimized for read (not write) access

Updated via periodic batch (e.g., nightly) ETLprocesses

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13MonthMonth

11 22 33 44 776655

Pr

oduct

Pr

oduct

ToothpasteToothpaste

JuiceJuiceColaCola

MilkMilk

CreamCream

SoapSoap

Regio

n

Regio

n

WWSS

NN

Dimensions:Dimensions: Product, Region, TimeProduct, Region, Time

Hierarchical summarization pathsHierarchical summarization paths

ProductProduct RegionRegion TimeTime

Industry Country YearIndustry Country Year

Category Region QuarterCategory Region Quarter

Product City Month WeekProduct City Month Week

Office DayOffice Day

Multi-dimensional Data

HeyI sold $100M worth of goods


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OLAP database servers

OLAP database server supports commonanalytical operation as:

Slicing and Dicing

Roll up

Drill down

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Slicing and Dicing

Product

Sales Channel

Reg io

n s

Retail Direct Special

Household

Telecomm

Video

Audio IndiaFar East

Europe

The Telecomm Slice


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Roll-up and Drill Down

Sales Channel

Region Country

State

Location Address Sales

Representative

RollU

p

Higher Level ofAggregation

Low-levelDetails

Drill-D

own


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Application-Orientation vs.Subject-Orientation

Application-Orientation

OperationalDatabase

LoansCreditCard

Trust

Savings

Subject-Orientation

DataWarehouse

Customer

Vendor

Product

Activity


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OLTP OLAP

Users Clerks, IT professionals Knowledge workers

Function Day to day operations Decision support

DB Design Application oriented Subject orientedView Detailed, flat relational Summarized,

multidimensional

Usage Structured, repetitive Adhoc

Unit of work Simple transactions Complex queries

Access Read/Write Read

Records

Accessed

Tens Millions

Users Thousands Hundreds

Database Size 100 MB-GB 100 GB-TB

Metric Transaction throughput Query throughput


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To summarize ...

OLTP Systems areused to runabusiness

OLAP helps tooptimizethebusiness


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University Questions

Q. Differentiate between OLTP and OLAP.

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THANK YOU

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oltp v/s olap by amrita mathur

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