On-line Sensing and New Analytical

Solutions – Essential Tools for

Resource Efficient Production

Risto Oikari

C E M I S m e a s u r e m e n t s o l u t i o n s f o r b i o e n e rg y a n d b i o f u e l s

CONTENTS

1. CEMIS – Centre for Measurement and Information Systems

2. Motivation

3. Overview of CEMIS measurement solutions for bioenergy and biofuels production

4. Examples of on-line sensors developed at CEMIS

Centre for Measurement and Information

Systems - CEMIS

P.O.Box 52, FIN-87101 Kajaani, FINLAND

Director Risto Oikari, Tel. +358-44-7101410,

e-mail: risto.oikari@cemis.fi

www.cemis.fi

CEMIS in brief

CEMIS is a contract based joint

centre of University of Oulu,

University of Jyväskylä,

Technology Research Centre VTT,

Centre for Metrology and

Accreditation MIKES and Kajaani

University of Applied Sciences.

CEMIS is founded Kajaani in 2010

and employs around 110

professionals. CEMIS specialises in

research and higher education in the

field of measurement and

information systems.

CEMIS´s mission is to provide

superior expertise, top-level

research services, and innovative

solutions for companies and

research organizations developing

and applying measurement and

information systems. For students

CEMIS offers an enthuastic,

innovative and international

atmosphere to educate oneself

toward future professions.

CEMIS focus areas

Optical spectroscopy Biosensors Imaging Measurements On-line solutions for analytics of water, other liquids, and

solids-liquids mixtures

Measurement and Information Systems for

Vehicles and Moving Machines

Wireless and self-powered solutions for

sensing, data transfer and position

Measurements for Well-being and Sport Computer Games and Simulators

Measurements for Process Industry and

Environmental Monitoring

Motivation

Share of bioeconomy in Finland in 2011: around 15 % of GDP (51 billion euros)

By 2050

Use of biomass will be doubled

Added value of biomass –based products will be doubled

Share of bioeconomy will reach 50 % of GDP

Need for new biomass –based products

Need for new production technologies

Need for new measurements

Business for research insitutes and companies like CEMIS, VTT, universities, Metso, Senfit, Outotec etc

Use of bioenergy will triple

in Europe and double in the

world by 2035

Measurement needs and solutions

Inray Oy

Senfit Oy

Metso Oyj.

Metso Oyj.

Tampere University of Technology

CEMIS Solutions for bioenergy

and biofuels production

Liquid flow measurement standards

and calibration facilities

Optical multisensor for

carbohydrate detection

Online trace

metal sensors

Online multi metal

analyzers

Fouling free sensor

solutions

Specialized laboratory

analyses

Detection and

characterization of

bacteria

Large scale liquid flow test and

calibration facilities

Lab-scale liquid flow test facilities

In-flow particle size, shape and

quantity meters

Example 1:

Measurement of carbohydrates

0 10 200

10

20

Lab (g/L)

Mo

del

(g

/L)

Polarisation spectroscopy

• ORD – photometry*

• Applicable for rather simple and transparent samples

Optical multi measurement

• Utilizing spectral complex refraction index and

transmission spectroscopy

• Applicable even chemically and physically complex

samples

Biosensor

• Based Ni/Co -oxide - MWNT (multi walled carbon

nanotubes) – electrode

• Applicable to chosen sugar compounds Arvinte A, Sesay A, Virtanen V, Carbohydrates electrocatalytic

oxidation using CNT-NiCo-oxide modified electrodes, Talanta,

2011, 180-186. * ORD = optical rotatory dispersion. Rotation of

polarization a as a function of wavelength of ligth

Source: Kainuun Sanomat

Example 2: Solids content of oil samples

using holographic imaging

• Particles are undesired • negative effect on particulate

emissions in motors • modern high precision motors are

prone to wear by particles • fuel filter and nozzle clogging in

motors • maximum allowed particle size

typically between 15 to 25 microns

• Digital holographic technology is used to realize four dimension information

• Sample cell was filled with a layer of oil and a holographic image was taken

• Stack of cross-sectional images were calculated from the hologram

• Cross-sectional images were compiled into a video for 4D information

Example 3: flow cytometry

• Flow cytometry is a measurement technology used for detection of microscopic particles, counting particles and determining particle size distribution as well as determining their physical and chemical properties

Example 4:

On-line sensors for trace elements

On-line sensors and analyzers based on optical spectroscopy, electro chemical sensors and biosensors

for detection of trace amounts of detrimental substances like toxic metals, alkali metals, sulphur

compounds, pathogens, lime-forming substances and bacteria.

Example 5: Modifying laboratory methods for

on-line use: Capillary electrophoresis

Sample in

Waste out

Pump

-Start signal for

MDQ

- Sample channel to

inlet

Flow-through sample cuvette

Waste collection

Outlet Inlets

Minutes

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AU

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0.002

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0.004

0.005

AU

-0.001

0.000

0.001

0.002

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0.004

0.005

2

.87

1

3

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0

3

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6

3

.84

2

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.95

4

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.06

3

PDA - 232nm

27 009 SO3 23.3.13

Name

Migration Time

CE analysis of sulfate and sulfite

Device can be attached to liquid flow lines in the process industry

Analytes can be:

• Inorganic anions: sulfate, sulfite, nitrate, nitrite

• Kations: Ca, K, Mg, Mn

• Acids/Acid’s anions: acetate, lactate, citric acid, malic acid

• Sugar and sugar alcohols

Analysis time 3-10 min (depending on the analysis)

Resources: -Around 110 professionals in measurement and information systems. Currently around ten of them works in the

projects related bioenergy and biofuels

-CEMIS development programme with an annual volume of 2 million euros (2011-2014) including measurement

technology development for biofuels production. The programme is sub-funded by ERDF and ESF.

-More than 20 finished or ongoing projects related to the development of on-line analytics applicable for

bioenergy and biofuels since 2004

-Extensive test facilities, measurement systems and labotory-scale bioprosessing capabilities (enzyme-based

processes and fermentation)

-Broad global network of collaborators (companies and research organizations)

Key technologies -Optical spectroscopy

-Imaging technologies

-Chemical and Biochemical analytics

-Analytical Chemistry, Bioanalytics and Biosensors

-Informations Systems and Sensor Networks

Services:

-Research projects

-R&D-projects

-Test facilities for rent

-Tailored testing services (locally produced)

-Training and consultation

-Analysis services (kations, anions, carbohydrates, alcohols, bacteria …)

-Calibration services (liquid flow)

CEMIS services for bioenergy

and biofuels industry

•MetEfNet: Research in Moisture Measurement Instruments. Development of new measurement standards, reference materials and

measurement methods for material moisture measurements (EMRP)

•BAKOTUS: Development of analytical services for bacteria detection and characterization in industrial and environmental applications

(ELY)

•BIOHIVA: Innovative high value products processed from plant based raw materials (ELY)

•EUROMBR: European Network for innovative micro bioreactor applications in bioprocess development (EU FP7)

•BEST: Sustainable bioenergy solutions for tomorrow. A large project including technologies to be developed for real-time particle size

measurements, microscopy and soft sensors for moisture detection) (Tekes/FIBIC and CLEEN)

•CEMIS-Development Programme: Large project including development of on-line sensor solutions for carbohydrates, alfa-amylase

and trace metals as well as the development of fouling-free sensors and liquid flow testing facilities (ELY and Regional council of

Kainuu)

•BIOVESI: Mobile test rig for meters of quantity and quality of liquids including bio-oils and bioalcohols (ELY)

•MEAN: Development of industrial prototype and commercialization plan for on-line trace metals sensor for fluid monitoring (TEKES)

•NICK: Online sensor solution for nickel monitoring in process and waste water streams (TEKES)

•RACE: Rapid and Cost-Effective methods for Detection of Environmentally Harmful Compounds from Waste Waters (TEKES) •LUMO: Liquid Monitoring using Novel Optical Sensors (Tekes 2011-2012)

•Cleen/MMEA: Measurement, Monitoring and Environmental Assessment (Tekes 2010-)

•BIOMECON: Measurement and control technologies for renewing paper industry and biorefinery (2009-2012)

•MINEWATER : Towards an Integrated System for Waste and Process Water Control for the Mining Industry (Tekes 2009-2011)

•MOSA: Multianalyzer Development (TEKES 2008-2010)

•2-bidentification: Research of biospesific functional surfaces for identification of bacteria (TEKES 2008-2010)

•LIEMI: Development of Measurements for Slurries (Tekes 2008-2009)

•Bio-cyto-mine: Development of measurements of bacteria and bio bleaching methods for mining industry (TEKES 2007-2008)

•BiMi 1-2: Development of biosensors for healtcare and environmental applications (Joint Authority of Kainuu Region 2005-2008)

•KAVO: Optical Measurements of Water Quality in Mining Industry (ELY-Centre 2008)

•OVELA: Optical Device for Measurement of Water Quality (Tekes 2006-2007)

•MeSpec: Spectroscopy for Water Quality Analysis (ELY-Centre 2005-2007)

•MONA: Applications of Multiparameter for Water Analytics (Tekes 2005-2006)

•VELHO: Optical Measurements of Water Quality (Tekes 2004-2005)

CEMIS projects related to bioenergy and

biofuels

Our real measure is your success!

Director Risto Oikari

CEMIS

Kuntokatu 5, FIN-87101 KAJAANI, FINLAND

+358-44-7101410

risto.oikari@cemis.fi

www.cemis.fi