one health workforce project · (r0
TRANSCRIPT
Emerging Threats Program
One Health Workforce Project
John Deen
One Health Workforce Project
Part of USAID’s EPT2 Program
Emerging Threats Program
Emerging Threats Program
Each civil society needs the capacity
and confidence to defend itself
Emerging Threats Program
Invasion by pathogens
• Significant death and morbidity
• Large amount of disruption
– Health system
– Economy
– Agriculture
– Trade
– Politics
• Large influx of aid is also disruptive
• A breakdown in civil society
Emerging Threats Program
Factors for Human Disease Emergence
1415 species of infectious agents reported to
cause disease in humans
Viruses, prions, bacteria, rickettsia, fungi, protozoa,
helminths
868/1415 (61%) zoonotic
175 emerging infectious diseases
132/175 (75%) emerging zoonoses
Taylor et al. Risk factors for disease
emergence. 2001, Philosophical Transactions,
The Royal Society, London
Human Cases
Wild Animal
Domestic Animal
Animal
Amplification
Human
Amplification
TIME
C
A
S
E
S
Wildlife Surveillance/
Forecasting Early Detection
One Health – Public health
as part of a larger
“ecosystem”
Control
Opportunity
Emerging Threats Program
Which predicts a country’s
susceptibility to a pathogen?
Agent or Host?
Emerging Threats Program
• The presence of the agent
(R0 <2)
• The presence of a host defense
(Workforce plus government
capacity)
Eg Ebola
Emerging Threats Program
National One Health Workforce
• Competent
• Inspired
• Empowered
To
• Prevent
• Detect
• Respond
Emerging Threats Program
History
• SARS IHR aim of 100% of countries
compliant
• Ebola, MERS IHR at 32%, PVS lower
• IHR and PVS Workforce deficiencies in
prevention, detection and response
• Short term : external workforce
• Medium term : training of current workforce
• Long term: University – trained workforce
Emerging Threats Program
eCOMOS (July 1): H5N2 Control
• The agent
– not sure of distribution in environment
– distribution in poultry farms in the American
Midwest
• 12M infected (passages), 38M uninfected but
euthanized
– poultry farms infecting environment?
• The host
– Birds of the American Midwest
– Flocks of the American Midwest
Emerging Threats Program
• Which moves faster: the disease or
the response?
Emerging Threats Program
Lessons
• We need to understand transmission
likelihoods
• We need competent people to respond
quickly
• We need leadership in the face of partial
information
• We need to get rid of
reliance on absolutes
Emerging Threats Program
Three mechanisms of disease control
• Control the agent
• Improve the host response
• Improve the community response
Emerging Threats Program
Emerging Threats Program
A Competent Workforce
Emerging Threats Program
One Health Core Competency Domains
GLOBAL SEAOHUN OHCEA
Management Management Management
Communication and
Informatics
Communication and
Informatics Communication
Culture and Beliefs Culture and Beliefs Culture, Beliefs, and Gender
Leadership Leadership Leadership
Collaboration and
Partnership
Collaboration and
Partnership
Collaboration and
Partnership
Values and Ethics Values and Ethics Values and Ethics
Systems Thinking Systems Thinking Systems Thinking
Policy and Advocacy
(also at country level) Research
Emerging Threats Program
Emerging Threats Program
An Inspired Workforce
Emerging Threats Program
Invasion by pathogens
• Significant death and morbidity
• Large amount of disruption
– Health system
– Economy
– Agriculture
– Trade
– Politics
• Large influx of aid is also disruptive
• A breakdown in civil society
Emerging Threats Program
Kikwit
• Mayor (Dr) Cyrille Kiyungu
Emerging Threats Program
Kikwit, 1995
Emerging Threats Program
Emerging Threats Program
Ebola warrior leads the charge in Sierra Leone
Monica Musenero Masanza
Assistant Commissioner, Epidemiology and
Surveillance at Ministry of Health - Uganda
Emerging Threats Program
Emerging Threats Program
An Empowered
Workforce
Emerging Threats Program
New Skills and
Career Paths
27
Economic Value
Proposition
and
Social Value
Proposition
Entrepreneurial
Emerging Threats Program
The educational enterprise
Aims:
Broadening of training Transdisciplinary
Trans-sectoral
Trans-locational
New faculty competencies
Alternate course content
Alternate teaching modalities
Alternate curricula
Alternate programs
Alternate career pathways
Emerging Threats Program
Emerging Threats Program
The case for networks:
Cross-border university networks as a
development strategy: Lessons from three
networks
David Chapman
Amy Pekol
Elisabeth Wilson
University of Minnesota
" International Review of Education” (2014): 619-637
Emerging Threats Program
“Networks typically involve a larger number of institutions and focus on a broader set of activities organized around a particular issue or goal.”
“Advocates of university networks posit that networks can take on activities that would exceed the ability of individual institutions and the intention often is to establish a longer-term, more sustainable set of relationships than are typical in university-to-university partnering arrangements (twinning) (ADB 2012)”
Emerging Threats Program
INDOHUN
Indonesia
MYOHUN
Malaysia
VOHUN
Vietnam
THOHUN
Thailand
Emerging Threats Program
Connections
• Spread of infections
– Residences: people, wildlife, livestock, food, water
– Driving factors: shedding rates, contact rates, susceptibilities, immunity, climate…
• Spread of information (data, models, technologies):
– Residences: practitioners, labs, professions, governments, IGO’s
– Driving factors: Knowledge, trust, communication, resources
• Spread of societal investment
– Residences: governments, society, owners
– Driving factors: economics, publicity, investments
Emerging Threats Program
Emerging Threats Program