INTERNET BANKING

Submitted by:

KulsumFatema Rajediya

T.Y.B.C.B.I. (SEMESTER V)

Under the guidance of :

Ms. Angira

Submitted to:

University of Mumbai

RAJASTHANI SAMMELAN’S

Ghanshyamdas Saraf College

Affiliated to University of Mumbai

ACCREDITED BY NAAC WITH ‘A’ GRADE

&

Durgadevi Saraf Junior College

(Arts & Commerce)

S.V. Road, Malad (West),

Mumbai – 400 064.

Year : 2014 -2015

RAJASTHANI SAMMELAN’S

Ghanshyamdas Saraf College

Affiliated to University of Mumbai

ACCREDITED BY NAAC WITH ‘A’ GRADE

&

Durgadevi Saraf Junior College

(Arts & Commerce)

S.V. Road, Malad (West),

Mumbai – 400 064.

CERTIFICATE

I Prof.Angira .hereby certify that Ms. Rajediya Kulsumfatema Gulamhussain a student of

Ghanshyamdas Saraf College of T.Y.B.C.B.I. (Semester V) has completed project on “INTERNET

BANKING” in the academic year 2014-2015. This information submitted is true and original to the

best of my knowledge.

External Examiner : Principal :

Date :

Project Co-ordinator ; College Seal :

Date :

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

All these years we have just studying and passing. But this time we have got an opportunity to

make such a project study. So it is very obvious for me to thank all those people associated with the

making of the project. I would like to thank the University of Mumbai for giving me this chance.

I owe a great many thanks to my project guide Ms.Angira. who has been a constant support and

guidance throughout the making of my project and for monitoring my project with attention and care.

She has taken the pains to go through the project and make necessary corrections as needed.

I would also like to thank our course coordinator Ms. for being a moral support to us during

this project.

I express thanks to my college Principal for extending her support.

And last but not the least I would take the opportunity to thank my parents without whom the project

would have been a distant reality. Sincere thanks to all my fellow mates and well wishers.

DECLARATION

I Miss.Rajediya Kulsumfatema Gulamhussain, a student of Ghanshyamdas Saraf College of Arts &

Commerce, T.Y.B.C.B.I. (Semester V) hereby declare that I have completed project on “INTERNET

BANKING-” in the academic year2014-2015. This information submitted is true and original to the

best of my knowledge.

Date : Signature of Student :

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

Technological developments have been growing at an alarming speed in the international arena. Internet

is proudly one of the best in those. So, the banking sector is also making the best utilization of it. In

this study based on INTERNET BANKING, it has been observed that the development of online

banking has increased by leaps and bounds during the past few years. Concentrating on the Indian

economy, the use of online banking is still in the developing stage.

Today in India the scope of online banking is growing by a good decent rise in its usage. The rise in

the usage of the Internet is the main criteria for development of online banking.

This project helps us understand the how the online banking came into existence and its need

in the modern world. It shows us the insights of the online banking in India. It helps us understand

the opportunities and the challenges associated with the online banking in India.

INDEX

SR.NO TOPIC PAGE NO

I

1.

CHAPTER I – INTRODUCTION

Development of Internet Banking through Evolution of Information

Technology & E-Commerce

1 - 42

1 – 6

2. What is Internet banking?

Features Advantages Disadvantages

6 – 14

3. How does online banking work and its structure. 15 – 16

4. Opportunities in Online Banking:

Is there a future in online banking? Changes in trend Why banks encourage online banking?

17 – 23

5. Challenges in Online Banking:

Main concerns Related Problems Adherences to guidelines

23 – 36

6. Solutions 36 – 40

7. Case Studies 40 – 42

8. ICICI Bank 42

II

1.

CHAPTER II – RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

Objectives of the study

43

2. Limits of the study

3. Methodology used

III CHAPTER III – DATA ANALYSIS 44 – 47

IV CHAPTER IV – RECOMMENDATION & CONCLUSION 48 – 49

V CHAPTER V – BIBLIOGRAPHY 50 – 51

CHAPTER I – INTRODUCTION

Online banking is a process that has evolved because of the development of technology over the

years. So before going into detail on the online banking we should have a overview of its birth.

INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY

Information technology (IT) is the acquisition, processing, storage and dissemination of vocal, pictorial,

textual and numerical information by a microelectronics-based combination of computing and

telecommunications. IT (information technology) is a term that encompasses all forms of technology

used to create, store, exchange, and use information in its various forms (business data, voice

conversations, still images, motion pictures, multimedia presentations, and other forms, including those

not yet conceived). It's a convenient term for including both telephony and computer technology in the

same word. It is the technology that is driving what has often been called "the information revolution."

IT is the area of managing technology and spans wide variety of areas that include but are not limited

to things such as processes, computer software, information systems, computer hardware, programming

languages, and data constructs. In short, anything that renders data, information or perceived knowledge

in any visual format whatsoever, via any multimedia distribution mechanism, is considered part of the

domain space known as Information Technology (IT). IT provides businesses with four sets of core

services to help execute the business strategy. These four core services are broken into business

process automation, providing information, connecting with customers, and productivity tools.

IT professionals perform a variety of functions (IT Disciplines/Competencies) that ranges from installing

applications to designing complex computer networks and information databases. A few of the duties

that IT professional perform may include data management, networking, engineering computer hardware,

database and software design, as well as management and administration of entire systems. Information

technology is starting to spread further than the conventional personal computer and network

technologies, and more into integrations of other technologies such as the use of cell phones,

televisions, automobiles, and more, which is increasing the demand for such jobs.

TECHNOLOGY IN BANKING

Many of the largest and most successful banks in the world emerged from the technical changes that

they are able to recognize at an early stage. India’s banking sector has a long way to go before it

can compete globally. Situation is especially maintained in the late introduction of ICT in India banks.

Our information technology is designed to compete with information technology in the world, and

when we are in the area very quickly, it can be difficult for us to benefit from liberalization.

Bank, with the right technology - to provide timely information, to increase productivity and thus see

a competitive advantage. Competetion in the economy, which has been opened, it is certainly the

Indian banks to comply with the latest technology and adapt to its surroundings. Except that the banks

need much improved use of technology to customer-friendly, efficient and competitive in the current

authorities and businesses, they also need the technology to newer products and newer forms of service

and the increasingly dynamic global environment to offer. Information technology allows banks to build

new systems, which bite the needs of many customers that cannot be considered today.

On-line banking, for example, promises customers to conduct banking transactions in a direct access to

the core of the bank customer account works. Customers to verify all information, all so far, all the

checks, all credit card information.

In the future, the banks freed from the constraints of a delivery channel. They can create, package,

market and product niches, and because the tumbling price of the technology, they can do so cost-

effectively.

Technology gives banks the opportunity to be closer to customers, to a broader range of services at

lower costs, streamline the March belang systems so that all information in one place where it can be

used for the trends that can quickly lead into new products. Electronic banking data can be gathered

and analyzed. Interactivity allows the consumer to save the settings, directing the development of truly

new products.

The development of I.T has helped the boom of E – Commerce. So it is also important to

know the concept of E – Commerce.

E-COMMERCE

Electronic commerce, commonly known as eCommerce E-Commerce or E-commerce, refers to the

buying and selling of products or services over electronic systems such as the Internet and other

computer networks. However, the term may refer to more than just buying and selling products online.

It also includes the entire online process of developing, marketing, selling, delivering, servicing and

paying for products and services. The amount of trade conducted electronically has grown

extraordinarily with widespread Internet usage. The use of commerce is conducted in this way, spurring

and drawing on innovations in electronic funds transfer, supply chain management, Internet marketing,

online transaction processing, Electronic Data Interchange (EDI), inventory management systems, and

automated data collection systems. Modern electronic commerce typically uses the World Wide Web at

least at one point in the transaction's life-cycle, although it may encompass a wider range of

technologies such as e-mail, mobile devices and telephones as well.

A large percentage of electronic commerce is conducted entirely in electronic form for virtual items

such as access to premium content on a website, but mostly electronic commerce involves the

transportation of physical items in some way. Online retailers are sometimes known as E-tailers and

online retail is sometimes known as E-tail. Almost all big retailers are now electronically present on

the World Wide Web.

Electronic commerce that takes place between businesses is referred to as business-to-business or B2B.

B2B can be open to all interested parties (e.g. commodity exchange) or limited to specific, pre-

qualified participants (private electronic market). Electronic commerce that takes place between

businesses and consumers, on the other hand, is referred to as business-to-consumer or B2C. This is

the type of electronic commerce conducted by companies such as Amazon.com. Online shopping is a

form of electronic commerce where the buyer is directly online to the seller's computer usually via the

internet. There is no intermediary service involved. The sale or purchase transaction is completed

electronically and interactively in real-time such as in Amazon.com for new books. However in some

cases, an intermediary may be present in a sale or purchase transaction such as the transactions on

eBay.com

Electronic commerce is generally considered to be the sales aspect of e-business. It also consists of the

exchange of data to facilitate the financing and payment aspects of business transactions.

Business applications of E-commerce

Some common applications related to electronic commerce are the following:

Email Enterprise content management Instant messaging Newsgroups Online shopping and order tracking Online banking Online office suites Domestic and international payment systems Shopping cart software Teleconferencing Electronic tickets

E-COMMERCE APPLICATION IN BANKING INDUSTRY

New information technologies and emerging business forces have triggered a new wave of financial

innovation – electronic banking (e-banking). The banking and financial industry is transforming itself in

unpredictable ways (Crane and Bodie 1996), powered in an important way by advances in information

technology (Holland and Westwood 2001). Since the 1980s, commercial banking has continuously

innovated through technology-enhanced products and services, such as multi-function ATM, tele-

banking, electronic transfers and electronic cash cards. Over the past decade, the Internet has clearly

played a critical role in providing online services and giving rise to a completely new channel. In the

internet age, the extension of commercial banking to the cyberspace is an inevitable development (Liao

and Cheung 2003).

E-banking creates unprecedented opportunities for the banks in the ways they organize financial product

development, delivery and marketing via the internet. While it offers new opportunities to banks, it

also poses many challenges such as the innovation of IT applications, the blurring of market

boundaries, the breaching of industrial barriers, the entrance of new competitors and the emergence of

new business models Saatciolu (et g al. 2001, Liao and Cheung 2003). Now the speed and scale of

the challenge are rapidly increasing with the pervasiveness of the internet and the extension of

information economy (Holland and Westwood 2001).

Globally, e-commerce growth has been led by the popularity of online shopping portals like

amazon.com and ebay.com but in India that has not been the case. It is mainly driven by the online

travel industry and banking sector. For instance, 29% of Indian Internet users book airline tickets

online and the figure is expected to touch 46% next year. Online rail ticket booking stands at 39% of

the total bookings. As far as banking is concerned, there are 4.6 million online banking users in India.

This figure is expected to go up to over 16 million by 2007-08 that will include both internet and

mobile banking users. According to the Internet and Mobile Association of India (IAMAI), the e-

commerce industry in India is expected to grow to a size of Rs. 2,300 crore by 2007 against the

Rs.1,200 crore. The total number of internet users which right now is 38.5 million is expected to

reach 100 million by 2008.

WHAT IS ONLINE BANKING?

If you're like most people, you've heard a lot about online banking but probably haven't tried it

yourself. You still pay your bills by mail and deposit checks at your bank branch, much the way your

parents did. You might shop online for a loan, life insurance or a home mortgage, but when it comes

time to commit, you feel more comfortable working with your banker or an agent you know and trust.

Online banking isn't out to change your money habits. Instead, it uses today's computer technology to

give you the option of bypassing the time-consuming, paper-based aspects of traditional banking in

order to manage your finances more quickly and efficiently.

Origin of online banking

The advent of the Internet and the popularity of personal computers presented both an opportunity and

a challenge for the banking industry.

For years, financial institutions have used powerful computer networks to automate millions of daily

transactions; today, often the only paper record is the customer's receipt at the point of sale. Now that

its customers are connected to the Internet via personal computers, banks envision similar economic

advantages by adapting those same internal electronic processes to home use.

Banks view online banking as a powerful "value added" tool to attract and retain new customers while

helping to eliminate costly paper handling and teller interactions in an increasingly competitive banking

environment.

Brick-to-click banks

Today, most large national banks, many regional banks and even smaller banks and credit unions offer

some form of online banking, variously known as PC banking, home banking, electronic banking or

Internet banking. Those that do are sometimes referred to as "brick-to-click" banks, both to distinguish

them from brick-and-mortar banks that have yet to offer online banking, as well as from online or

"virtual" banks that have no physical branches or tellers whatsoever.

The challenge for the banking industry has been to design this new service channel in such a way

that its customers will readily learn to use and trust it. After all, banks have spent generations earning

our trust; they aren't about to risk that on a Web site that is frustrating, confusing or less than secure.

Most of the large banks now offer fully secure, fully functional online banking for free or for a small

fee. Some smaller banks offer limited access or functionality; for instance, you may be able to view

your account balance and history but not initiate transactions online. As more banks succeed online

and more customers use their sites, fully functional online banking likely will become as commonplace

as automated teller machines.

Understanding Online Banking Services

Online banking is a great convenience for many people. Whether people use it to manage traditional

accounts or switch all of their banking to an online-only firm, it is a wonderful improvement over the

days when everything had to be done face-to-face.

No matter what kind of banking is done online, it starts with a secure web site. Usually, the bank

will have certain requirements to ensure password strength as well. This and other security measures

ensure that online accounts are safe from tampering. From there, all of the necessary services can be

accessed.

Online banking is quite simple once the basics are understood. Depositing money is simple, and can

be done in a number of ways. The most popular method is likely direct deposit. Many employers

offer direct deposit of paychecks, and by providing them with your online bank account number, your

checks will go right into that account. Other ways of depositing money include bank and wire

transfers. Some accounts even allow customers to mail their checks in.

Paper checks are typically provided with online checking accounts. This, however, is not likely to be

the most common way a customer will access funds. Online bill payment allows users to pay their

bills without mailing checks, and those who use web-based accounts typically prefer this and other

electronic payment methods. Most types of bills can be paid via a debit card or electronic checks, as

well. This makes it easy to eliminate the need for paper checks entirely. Still, many find it useful to

have a few checks on hand for those few companies that haven’t quite reached the modern age.

The management of traditional accounts is another common use for online banking. Most banks offer

online access to accounts, and all customers need to do to make use of the service is sign up through

their bank’s site. Once this is done, checking your balance, seeing which payments have cleared, and

other common banking operations can be done from the computer. This eliminates the need to call or

visit the bank for simple account maintenance needs.

Every online banking interface is slightly different, but all banks try to make things easy and intuitive

for users. It won’t take long for a new user to figure out exactly how everything works. Sign up for

an online bank account or online access to your current one, and soon you’ll wonder how you could

have lived without it.

FEATURES OF ONLINE BANKING

We need to be able to manage our finances from anywhere in the world. Rich online banking services

are much more important than a physical location. Since I have been doing all of my banking online

with quite a few different online banks as I looked for the best solution, I’ve had a chance to really

experiment with what works and what doesn’t work for us.

Here is a checklist of things to look for in an online bank. Some items you may be familiar with.

Others might be new to you if it isn’t something your current bank offers.

1. Bill Pay Service - One of the biggest reasons for going with an online bank is to get really

good bill payment services. Different banks handle bill payment different ways.

2. Electronic Bill Notification – With electronic bills, your merchant (credit card company, gas

company, electric company, etc.) sends an electronic bill to your bank. You can set it up to pay

automatically or notify you for approval. This can be particularly good for people who are on the road

because it reduces the amount of physical mail you have to somehow get read or forwarded to you.

3. Online Check Images – Most banks will show you an image of the check, which makes it

really easy to balance your account if you can’t remember what a particular payment was for. (Ideally,

you should minimize the number of physical checks you write to reduce fraud.)

4. Online Deposit Slip Images – Most banks just record the total with no image. It will let you

see an image of each deposit slip. Having the images available can be very helpful if you ever have

to prove something for tax purposes or need to remember where that $2581 deposit came from.

5. Reporting Tools – Most banks offer basic reporting tools that will let you see how much you

have spent in each category you’ve created. This may not be an issue if you use desktop money

management software, but it still can be handy if you are traveling and want to see how much you’ve

paid on your mortgage over the past 12 months.

6. Linked Accounts – Can you link your bank account with a brokerage account? Can you add

your minor children as custodial accounts and manage them all centrally? If you and your spouse both

set them up IRAs, is it easy to view them both along side the rest of your finances, or do you have

to have a separate login for each IRA to keep them on separate SSNs? These are small things that

many banks don’t support, but it starts getting really complicated when you have to manage a bunch

of accounts instead of having a single place to manage all of your money.

7. Convenient Deposit Methods - Since you may not be anywhere near the physical location of

your bank, make sure you understand how to deposit money. Payroll can be set up on direct deposit,

but there will be times when you need to deposit checks. Does the bank provide postage paid

envelopes and deposit slips? Some banks work with FedEx or UPS stores to allow you to send in a

deposit overnight for free.

8. Low ATM Fees and Convenient Locations – If you need to get cash, will the bank

refund the ATM fees? Are there only certain ATMs that are free, and if so, are they located near

places you normally go? Are the ATMs available nation wide so you can use them on vacation? What

are the fees for using the ATM internationally and how is the exchange rate handled?

9. Integration with Desktop Software – If you use Microsoft Money, Quicken or something

similar, you’ll want to make sure your bank supports it. Make sure you understand if downloading

transactions require you to login and manually download a file, or if your money management software

can directly connect and download new transactions. If you are using Quicken on a Mac, make sure

the bank is paying Quickens extortion fee so the files will work with Mac users.

10. Many Account Types – Some banks only offer basic checking and savings accounts. Ideally

you want a bank that makes it easy to open money market accounts, IRAs, health savings accounts,

etc. If you have to go to another institution to open a different type of account, it is more difficult to

manage–especially if you are on the road. You want to be able to easily open a CD to take advantage

of a higher interest rate, easily open an IRA to help reduce your tax liability, etc.

11. Free Money Transfers – Be sure to consider how easy it is to move money in and out of

the account. You should be able to set up links with your accounts from other institutions to transfer

money back and forth as necessary. Make sure you understand what type of fees are associated with

these transfers. Good banks should allow a certain number of transfers per month with no fee.

12. Security Balanced with Convenience - Some banks spend so much effort trying to keep

things secure that you’ll find yourself automatically logged out of their website while you try to

balance your account. You want security but you don’t want it to get in the way of you doing your

banking. Also check into what type of additional security features are available. For example, some

banks will offer you an RSA keychain with a number that changes every 60 seconds. In addition to

your password, you will need the number from that key in order to get access to your account.

13. Ease of Use – This is something that most banks seem to struggle with. Right now I have my

personal account with one online bank and my business accounts with another. I dread using the

business accounts and I absolutely love using my personal account. At first I thought I was just more

familiar with the bank where my personal accounts are, but I finally realize that it comes down to the

ease of use. One is ok and the other is superb, but it makes a big difference.

Advantages of online banking:

Convenience: Unlike your corner bank, online banking sites never close; they're available 24

hours a day, seven days a week, and they're only a mouse click away.

Ubiquity: If you're out of state or even out of the country when a money problem arises, you

can log on instantly to your online bank and take care of business, 24/7.

Transaction speed: Online bank sites generally execute and confirm transactions at or quicker

than ATM processing speeds

.Efficiency: You can access and manage all of your bank accounts, including IRAs, CDs, even

securities, from one secure site.

Effectiveness: Many online banking sites now offer sophisticated tools, including account

aggregation, stock quotes, rate alerts and portfolio managing programs to help you manage all of

your assets more effectively. Most are also compatible with money managing programs such as

Quicken and Microsoft Money.

Disadvantages of online banking:

Start-up may take time: In order to register for your bank's online program, you will probably

have to provide ID and sign a form at a bank branch. If you and your spouse wish to view and

manage your assets together online, one of you may have to sign a durable power of attorney

before the bank will display all of your holdings together.

Learning curve: Banking sites can be difficult to navigate at first. Plan to invest some time

and/or read the tutorials in order to become comfortable in your virtual lobby.

Bank site changes: Even the largest banks periodically upgrade their online programs, adding

new features in unfamiliar places. In some cases, you may have to re-enter account information.

The trust thing: For many people, the biggest hurdle to online banking is learning to trust it.

Did my transaction go through? Did I push the transfer button once or twice? Best bet: always

print the transaction receipt and keep it with your bank records until it shows up on your personal

site and/or your bank statement.

How Does Online Banking Work?

Online banking provides many identical services that a traditional bank does with the biggest difference

is in teller availability: Human tellers leave; electronic tellers—the websites—are available virtually all

day, everyday—weekends and holidays, included.

Online Banking Structure:

Online banking mirrors traditional banking procedures in many instances, and in some, actually

improves security and reduces both banks’ and customer’s costs.

In electronic form, online banking still allows:

1. Deposits to the account, whether via payroll deposits or funds transfers.

2. Bill payments via automatic payment schedules or individually ordered payments. Most bill pay

users opt for the bank-generated checks, but payments can be ordered in a one off situation or

scheduled regularly.

3. Statement formats can be electronic or paper; most who prefer online banking choose the electronic

statements for convenience and reduced paper use.

4. Wire transfers to accounts within and without the bank’s structure, though some banks charge

additional transaction fees for wire transfers.

5. Differing services depending on the individual financial institute.

Online Actions

All online banking transactions are initiated by creating an online account identity. Account

login name and password creation is followed by choosing and answering security questions. It’s not

recommended that security questions and answers be common or known by others; they should have

unique answers, whether historically true or not.

For example, if a user chooses a security question, “What is the name your first elementary school,”

choose an answer that is not the actual name or the actual elementary school. Use instead the name

of another school or anything else that is easily remembered.

Provide an email address that is not tied to an Internet Service Provider. If the user changes ISPs,

that email address will be lost. Instead, use a free email address that can last for as long as the user

chooses.

Once the security aspects are in place and verified, look around the bank’s website and note important

areas, such as:

1. Account activity2. Statement delivery change areas3. Customer Service options4. Bill pay procedures, if any5. And any other area provided on the website.

Online banking often reduces funds availability delays and hastens resolution to disputes and inquiries.

While some complaints and problems do require human intervention, Customer Service Agents are

available for longer during a calendar day than local branch personnel are.

Online banking differs from traditional banking when physical checks or cash is deposited; human

interaction via a drive thru lane or at the counter is required. Cashier checks, traveler checks, and

money orders cannot be purchased from the institution via online banking, but because all transactions

allowed are electronic, tracking and accountability are easily provided.

OPPORTUNITIES IN ONLINE BANKING:

Is There a Future in Online Banking?

By this point, no one can dismiss online banking as a fad. However, it is worth considering whether

the trend towards online financial transactions is going to slow or reverse in the years to come. There

will continue to be people who resist online banking in favor of offline transactions just as there are

people who prefer to keep their money in mattresses instead of putting it in banks. Whether these

people will exert serious influence on the movement towards online banking can be examined by

looking at the needs of modern consumers, and the interests of the banks themselves.

The Move to Online Business

The global connectivity provided by the internet, combined with the fallout from the global financial

crisis has encouraged a growing number of entrepreneurs to start their own businesses online. As an

increasing number of people look to save themselves from unemployment or augment otherwise

insufficient salaries by finding new ways to make money online, they will require new ways to send,

receive, and invest their online funds.

The Rise of Mobile Banking

As handheld mobile devices become more sophisticated, users are experimenting with more

sophisticated transactions. Moving beyond ringtone downloads; consumers can now shop online and

purchase software upgrades and augmentations through app stores. In addition to this buying and

selling, anyone with a web browser on their phone can access their bank’s online banking site to

move and manage their money in more locations than ever before.

Staffing Solutions

As banks consolidate and grow larger, they are looking for more ways to cut costs, and reducing the

number of full-time employees on their payroll is an attractive option. Encouraging customers to do

their banking online allows banks to close smaller branches in outlying locations and use economies of

scale to develop customer assistance centers in locations where the labor market is more favorable.

Physical Footprints

Online banking is also more attractive to banks because a reduced physical footprint means reduced

costs in other areas. In addition to saving the money that would normally be associated with operating

and maintaining physical branches, no longer having to print and mail paper statements to customers

would be a huge savings for banks. As an added bonus, banks have been able to take advantage of

current pro-environment sentiment by marketing online banking as a “green” alternative.

By appealing to more mobile customers and more cost-conscious financial service providers alike,

online banking continues to be an attractive option for everyone involved. However, when discussing

the internet it is dangerous to assume that everything is going to be moved online; there will always

be individuals, industries, and transactions that are grounded in the real world with no desire to

change the way they do business

Growth of Internet

The increase in the growth of internet usage will definitely help the cause of growth of online

banking in India. The following chart shows the growth of internet in India during the past decade or

so:

YEAR Users Population % Penetration1999 2,800,000 1,094,870,677 0.3 %2000 5,500,000 1,094,870,677 0.5 %2001 7,000,000 1,094,870,677 0.7 %2002 16,500,000 1,094,870,677 1.6 %2003 22,500,000 1,094,870,677 2.1 %2004 39,200,000 1,094,870,677 3.6 %2005 50,600,000 1,112,225,812 4.5 %2006 40,000,000 1,112,225,812 3.6 %2007 42,000,000 1,129,667,528 3.7 %2009 81,000,000 1,156,897,766 7.0 %2010 100,000,000 1,173,108,018 8.5 %

OVERVIEW

Online banking has enjoyed increased popularity, and some banks actually require it. From standard,

brick-and-mortar institutions to cloud managed institutions, online banking offers flexibility and

convenience for all involved.

BANK ADVANTAGES:

Each visit to a bank costs the institution money, whether in bank teller wages and benefits to

security costs to maintenance costs. Online banking reduces those costs and increases the bank’s

profit margin.

Online banking reduces the need for the number of physical locations and services offered within

each. Because Customer Service Departments are united into fewer locations, asset sharing within

those locations further reduce bank costs.

CUSTOMER ADVANTAGES:

Online security of financial data has evolved tremendously since the early days of online

banking, and often transactions can be even more secure than those conducted in a drive thru

lane.

Online banking transactions require not only a secure login but also require secured password

entry. In-person transactions are based on account information and a photo ID, both of which

can be obtained “under the radar.”Online banking transactions also track the Internet Protocol

(IP) address of the computer used in the transaction. The IP can be traced to the method or

mode of Internet access, often through an Internet Service Provider who always notes activity,

computer, and actions performed under that IP address assigned to the ISP account holder.

Whether a dynamic or changing IP address or a static or unchanging IP address is used, the

ISP always records what IP address is assigned to what ISP account at any time.

Comprehensive Help sections on banks’ websites often reduce on-location inquiries, further

reducing overhead costs for banking institutions. Additional service enrollment or dis-enrollment,

address updates, and account status and verification are all time saving activities for both the

bank and the banking customer.

Online Bill Pay processes reduce stolen or counterfeit checks which cost banks billions of

dollars every month. Each online bill pay transaction allows for a grace period from the

payment order date to the actual check delivery date, which also allows the account holder

additional time to preview activity and account status.

DEVELOPMENT:

Increasingly, more and more people are switching to electronic platforms for executing financial

transactions. The wider usage of cell phone and internet certainly seems to be playing a role in

blurring physical boundaries, and unlocking a whole new world of opportunities for banks in tapping

newer customer segments and in recording greater volume of transactions.

If latest RBI data on retail electronic payment systems is anything to go by, electronic banking is set

to become the catalyst for change in the way money moves. Provisional data show that in FY09 to

January, a total of 5,587.85 lakh transactions were executed through the electronic channel, a rise of

234.76 lakh transactions over the previous fiscal.

This growth was facilitated by the introduction of real-time gross settlement (RTGS) and national

electronic funds transfer (NEFT), which enabled fund transfers among account holders of the same

bank as well as inter-bank transfers.

The growth has also been aided by banks' efforts to offer innovative services and tighten security

measures, and the increase in awareness of services available. RBI outlining guidelines on mobile

banking, setting up of the National Payments Corporation of India and passage of the Payments and

Settlement Act too have given a positive thrust to the growth in electronic payments. The impact of

all these measures is likely to be felt in the current fiscal, which may well mean FY10 could become

a watershed year for e-banking. While opinions of industry players differ on whether FY10 will indeed

prove to be a tipping point, there seems to be consensus that the year would mark a critical phase in

the evolution of the payments and settlement systems in India. "FY10 will certainly herald an

important phase for electronic banking in India and an upsurge in internet and ATM transactions," says

Ashvin Parekh, partner and national industry leader, financial services, Ernst & Young. "At the same

time, traditional fund transfer will continue to hold its own. We are going to witness a co-existence of

these two systems. In the regulatory space, there will be huge changes. As and when India Pay, which

will eventually settle credit card and ATM transactions, comes into the picture, we could witness a

gradual shift away from Visa and MasterCard." The implementation of core banking solutions by all

public sector banks has not only helped banks rationalise their costs, but has also allowed them to

explore new ways of optimally utilising their resources. Core banking, which facilitates linking up of a

bank's branches across the country, has enabled banks to improve their efficiency.

"Now, decisions can be taken remotely and the activities too can be undertaken in a centralised

location. This means that branches need not spend time on processing transactions and other back

office operations, and rather utilise the time and resources to function as selling outlets. Centralised

operations benefit from economies of scale and help in reducing bank costs," explains Janmejaya

Sinha, managing director of India operations, Boston Consulting Group.

Opportunities in e-banking: ARE WE READY?

It has always been a chicken-and-egg dilemma in business. Either firms wait for the market to

mature until customers are ready for the products and services. Or, firms can go ahead and offer the

products and services, hoping that their customers will catch on soon.

The same is true for new products and services that have emerged and continue to emerge in

the world of electronic banking (e-banking). Banking executives interviewed by BusinessWorld Online

have different ways of resolving the issue. Some would go ahead with new ideas, wanting to take the

first-mover advantage. Others would wait in the sidelines, but armed nevertheless just in the case the

market take up suddenly increases.

Whether first-movers or latecomers, there is one partner in the e-banking game that is not waiting for

the chicken to lay the egg, or wait for the egg to hatch into a chick. Technology providers are always

up on their toes, like chicken ready to catch the early worm.

CHALLENGES OF ONLINE BANKING

Information technology analyst firm, the Meta Group, recently reported that "financial institutions who

don't offer home banking by the year 2000 will become marginalized." By the year of 2002, a large

sophisticated and highly competitive Internet Banking Market will develop which will be driven by

Demand side pressure due to increasing access to low cost electronic services.

Emergence of open standards for banking functionality.

Growing customer awareness and need of transparency.

Global players in the fray

Close integration of bank services with web based E-commerce or even disintermediation of

services through direct electronic payments (E- Cash).

More convenient international transactions due to the fact that the Internet along with general

deregulation trends, eliminate geographic boundaries.

Move from one stop shopping to 'Banking Portfolio' i.e. unbundled product purchases.

Certainly some existing brick and mortar banks will go out of business. But that's because they

fail to respond to the challenge of the Internet. The Internet and it's underlying technologies will

change and transform not just banking, but all aspects of finance and commerce. It represents much

more than a new distribution opportunity. It will enable nimble players to leverage their brick and

mortar presence to improve customer satisfaction and gain share. It will force lethargic players who are

struck with legacy cost basis, out of business-since they are unable to bring to play in the new

context.

MAIN CONCERNS IN INTERNET BANKING:

In a survey conducted by the Online Banking Association, member institutions rated security as the

most important issue of online banking. There is a dual requirement to protect customers' privacy and

protect against fraud. Banking Securely: Online Banking via the World Wide Web provides an

overview of Internet commerce and how one company handles secure banking for its financial

institution clients and their customers. Some basic information on the transmission of confidential data

is presented in Security and Encryption on the Web. PC Magazine Online also offers a primer: How

Encryption Works. A multi-layered security architecture comprising firewalls, filtering routers,

encryption and digital certification ensures that your account information is protected from unauthorised

access:

Firewalls and filtering routers ensure that only the legitimate Internet users are allowed to

access the system.

Encryption techniques used by the bank (including the sophisticated public key encryption)

would ensure that privacy of data flowing between the browser and the Infinity system is

protected.

Digital certification procedures provide the assurance that the data you receive is from the

Infinity system.

Security concerns:

Security fears have served as deterrents to online growth. Of particular concern are threats of pharming

and phishing. Phishing is an internet fraud, through which innocent people are enticed to divulge their

personal information like user ID and passwords, which are later on used by scammers in unauthorized

ways.

The most common method of phishing is sending emails claiming to be from your bank or other

financial institutions which are dealing that already has your personal information and you will be

asked to confirm the details by clicking a particular link (URL) provided in this fake email. This URL

will take you to a fake website which will be similar to your genuine website, and the information

provided by the customer in the forms provided in the fake website will be gathered and used for

committing fraud in their accounts or withdraw funds unauthorizedly from these accounts.

Pharming is another internet fraud, whereby as many as users as possible are redirected before they

reach the legitimate online banking websites they intend to visit and they are lead to malicious ones.

The bogus sites to which victims are redirected without their knowledge or consent, will likely looks

the same as genuine site. But when users enter their login name or password, the information is

captured by criminals.

FURTHER PROBLEMS RELATING TO NET BANKING IN

INDIA:

Given that India is the IT and tech services outsourcing hotspot of the world, it's surprising that

Internet banking has not really taken off. Despite the advent of a very tech-savvy and vast consumer

class in recent years, a mix of industry issues and unique challenges continue to thwart the expansion

of net banking in India. Technology challenges, IT practices, certain cultural issues, industry lethargy,

and workplace constraints have affected widespread acceptance of Internet banking.

Low Broadband Internet Penetration

India has one of the lowest broadband connectivity penetration rates in Asia as compared to Japan,

Taiwan, Korea and Singapore. While the bigger cities such as Mumbai, Delhi, Chennai, and Bangalore

have relatively better broadband penetration rates, PC users in smaller cities and towns still use dial-up

options to connect to the Internet. Slow connectivity speeds often dampen the online banking

experience for many customers eager to use such services.

Banks' Ambivalent Commitment Levels

Internet banking did take off in India at the turn of the millennium but soon faltered due to lack of

takers. In the middle of this decade, multinational and domestic private banks started offering net

banking services as a competitive differentiator. Only recently, state-owned and public sector banks

have started doing likewise. However, banks' ambivalent commitment levels and their reluctance to

allocate huge budgets for net banking branding initiatives, as well as a lack of industry advocacy

efforts, have resulted in poor acceptance levels of Internet banking by customers.

Customers' Preference for Traditional Branches

There are thousands of highly active traditional bank branches in India's crowded cities and major

towns. Office workers take longer lunch breaks to finish banking activities and transactions at these

branches rather than conduct them online. Most customers prefer the personal touch and customized

service offered by staff in brick-and-mortar bank branches. Many Indians are also averse to calling call

centers and banks' customer contact lines to address issues related to online bank accounts.

Fear of Online Threats/Scams

Ubiquitous and prevalent online threats about hackers, identity theft, stolen passwords, viruses, worms

and spyware tend to make customers wary just like in any other country. Conservative Indian bank

customers used to years of saving in an erstwhile mixed-socialist economy are always fearful of losing

hard-earned savings in online scams. These customers are also not sure about the efficacy of banks'

websites and their commitment to allocate funds for reliable encryption mechanisms and robust

back-end technologies and systems.

Other Problems

Workplace constraints and corporate policies about using external websites or pursing personal activities

such as online banking have affected its expected fast-paced acceptance among the growing affluent

class in India. Cultural issues, such as parents giving priority use of the home PC to their children

rather than using it themselves, stifle the potential growth of home access to Internet banking services.

Public sector banks with vast customer bases also don't tend to invest money in training personnel for

e-banking initiatives, resulting in poor customer service levels.

Internet Banking in India – Guidelines

Reserve Bank of India had set up a ‘Working Group on Internet Banking’ to examine different aspects

of Internet Banking (I-banking). The Group had focused on three major areas of I-banking, i.e. (i)

technology and security issues, (ii) legal issues and (iii) regulatory and supervisory issues. RBI has

accepted the recommendations of the Group to be implemented in a phased manner. Accordingly, the

following guidelines are issued for implementation by banks. Banks are also advised that they may be

guided by the original report, for a detailed guidance on different issues.

I. Technology and Security Standards:

a. Banks should designate a network and database administrator with clearly defined roles as

indicated in the Group’s report.

b. Banks should have a security policy duly approved by the Board of Directors. There should be

a segregation of duty of Security Officer / Group dealing exclusively with information systems

security and Information Technology Division which actually implements the computer systems.

Further, Information Systems Auditor will audit the information systems.

c. Banks should introduce logical access controls to data, systems, application software, utilities,

telecommunication lines, libraries, system software, etc. Logical access control techniques may

include user-ids, passwords, smart cards or other biometric technologies.

d. At the minimum, banks should use the proxy server type of firewall so that there is no direct

connection between the Internet and the bank’s system. It facilitates a high level of control and

in-depth monitoring using logging and auditing tools. For sensitive systems, a state full

inspection firewall is recommended which thoroughly inspects all packets of information, and

past and present transactions are compared. These generally include a real time security alert.

e. All the systems supporting dial up services through modem on the same LAN as the

application server should be isolated to prevent intrusions into the network as this may bypass

the proxy server.

f. PKI (Public Key Infrastructure) is the most favoured technology for secure Internet banking

services. However, as it is not yet commonly available, banks should use the following

alternative system during the transition, until the PKI is put in place:

1. Usage of SSL (Secured Socket Layer), which ensures server authentication and use of

client side certificates issued by the banks themselves using a Certificate Server.

2. The use of at least 128-bit SSL for securing browser to web server communications and,

in addition, encryption of sensitive data like passwords in transit within the enterprise

itself. (Para 6.4.5)

g. It is also recommended that all unnecessary services on the application server such as FTP (File

Transfer Protocol), telnet should be disabled. The application server should be isolated from the

e-mail server. (Para 6.4.6)

h. All computer accesses, including messages received, should be logged. Security violations

(suspected or attempted) should be reported and follow up action taken should be kept in mind

while framing future policy. Banks should acquire tools for monitoring systems and the

networks against intrusions and attacks. These tools should be used regularly to avoid security

breaches. The banks should review their security infrastructure and security policies regularly

and optimize them in the light of their own experiences and changing technologies. They should

educate their security personnel and also the end-users on a continuous basis.

i. The information security officer and the information system auditor should undertake periodic

penetration tests of the system, which should include:

1. Attempting to guess passwords using password-cracking tools.

2. Search for back door traps in the programs.

3. Attempt to overload the system using DDoS (Distributed Denial of Service) & DoS

(Denial of Service) attacks.

4. Check if commonly known holes in the software, especially the browser and the e-mail

software exist.

j. The penetration testing may also be carried out by engaging outside experts (often called

‘Ethical Hackers’).

k. Physical access controls should be strictly enforced. Physical security should cover all the

information systems and sites where they are housed, both against internal and external threats.

l. Banks should have proper infrastructure and schedules for backing up data. The backed-up data

should be periodically tested to ensure recovery without loss of transactions in a time frame as

given out in the bank’s security policy. Business continuity should be ensured by setting up

disaster recovery sites. These facilities should also be tested periodically.

m. All applications of banks should have proper record keeping facilities for legal purposes. It may

be necessary to keep all received and sent messages both in encrypted and decrypted form.

n. Security infrastructure should be properly tested before using the systems and applications for

normal operations. Banks should upgrade the systems by installing patches released by

developers to remove bugs and loopholes, and upgrade to newer versions which give better

security and control.

II. Legal Issues

a. Considering the legal position prevalent, there is an obligation on the part of banks not only to

establish the identity but also to make enquiries about integrity and reputation of the prospective

customer. Therefore, even though request for opening account can be accepted over Internet,

accounts should be opened only after proper introduction and physical verification of the

identity of the customer.

b. From a legal perspective, security procedure adopted by banks for authenticating users needs to

be recognized by law as a substitute for signature. In India, the Information Technology Act,

2000, in Section 3(2) provides for a particular technology (viz., the asymmetric crypto system

and hash function) as a means of authenticating electronic record. Any other method used by

banks for authentication should be recognized as a source of legal risk.

c. Under the present regime there is an obligation on banks to maintain secrecy and confidentiality

of customers‘ accounts. In the Internet banking scenario, the risk of banks not meeting the

above obligation is high on account of several factors. Despite all reasonable precautions, banks

may be exposed to enhanced risk of liability to customers on account of breach of secrecy,

denial of service etc., because of hacking/ other technological failures. The banks should,

therefore, institute adequate risk control measures to manage such risks.

d. In Internet banking scenario there is very little scope for the banks to act on stop-payment

instructions from the customers. Hence, banks should clearly notify to the customers the

timeframe and the circumstances in which any stop-payment instructions could be accepted.

e. The Consumer Protection Act, 1986 defines the rights of consumers in India and is applicable

to banking services as well. Currently, the rights and liabilities of customers availing of Internet

banking services are being determined by bilateral agreements between the banks and customers.

Considering the banking practice and rights enjoyed by customers in traditional banking, banks’

liability to the customers on account of unauthorized transfer through hacking, denial of service

on account of technological failure etc. needs to be assessed and banks providing Internet

banking should insure themselves against such risks.

III. Regulatory and Supervisory Issues:

As recommended by the Group, the existing regulatory framework over banks will be extended to

Internet banking also. In this regard, it is advised that:

1. Only such banks which are licensed and supervised in India and have a physical presence in

India will be permitted to offer Internet banking products to residents of India. Thus, both

banks and virtual banks incorporated outside the country and having no physical presence in

India will not, for the present, be permitted to offer Internet banking services to Indian

residents.

2. The products should be restricted to account holders only and should not be offered in other

jurisdictions.

3. The services should only include local currency products.

4. The ‘in-out’ scenario where customers in cross border jurisdictions are offered banking services

by Indian banks (or branches of foreign banks in India) and the ‘out-in’ scenario where Indian

residents are offered banking services by banks operating in cross-border jurisdictions are

generally not permitted and this approach will apply to Internet banking also. The existing

exceptions for limited purposes under FEMA i.e. where resident Indians have been permitted to

continue to maintain their accounts with overseas banks etc. will, however, be permitted.

5. Overseas branches of Indian banks will be permitted to offer Internet banking services to their

overseas customers subject to their satisfying, in addition to the host supervisor, the home

supervisor.

Given the regulatory approach as above, banks are advised to follow the following instructions:

a. All banks, who propose to offer transactional services on the Internet should obtain prior

approval from RBI. Bank’s application for such permission should indicate its business plan,

analysis of cost and benefit, operational arrangements like technology adopted, business partners,

third party service providers and systems and control procedures the bank proposes to adopt for

managing risks. The bank should also submit a security policy covering recommendations made

in this circular and a certificate from an independent auditor that the minimum requirements

prescribed have been met. After the initial approval the banks will be obliged to inform RBI

any material changes in the services / products offered by them.

b. Banks will report to RBI every breach or failure of security systems and procedure and the

latter, at its discretion, may decide to commission special audit / inspection of such banks.

c. The guidelines issued by RBI on ‘Risks and Controls in Computers and Telecommunications’

vide circular DBS.CO.ITC.BC. 10/ 31.09.001/ 97-98 dated 4th February 1998 will equally apply

to Internet banking. The RBI as supervisor will cover the entire risks associated with electronic

banking as a part of its regular inspections of banks.

d. Banks should develop outsourcing guidelines to manage risks arising out of third party service

providers, such as, disruption in service, defective services and personnel of service providers

gaining intimate knowledge of banks’ systems and misutilizing the same, etc., effectively.

e. With the increasing popularity of e-commerce, it has become necessary to set up ‘Inter-bank

Payment Gateways’ for settlement of such transactions. The protocol for transactions between

the customer, the bank and the portal and the framework for setting up of payment gateways as

recommended by the Group should be adopted.

f. Only institutions who are members of the cheque clearing system in the country will be

permitted to participate in Inter-bank payment gateways for Internet payment. Each gateway

must nominate a bank as the clearing bank to settle all transactions. Payments effected using

credit cards, payments arising out of cross border e-commerce transactions and all intra-bank

payments (i.e., transactions involving only one bank) should be excluded for settlement through

an inter-bank payment gateway.

g. Inter-bank payment gateways must have capabilities for both net and gross settlement. All

settlement should be intra-day and as far as possible, in real time.

h. Connectivity between the gateway and the computer system of the member bank should be

achieved using a leased line network (not through Internet) with appropriate data encryption

standard. All transactions must be authenticated. Once, the regulatory framework is in place, the

transactions should be digitally certified by any licensed certifying agency. SSL / 128 bit

encryption must be used as minimum level of security. Reserve Bank may get the security of

the entire infrastructure both at the payment gateway’s end and the participating institutions’ end

certified prior to making the facility available for customers use.

i. Bilateral contracts between the payee and payee’s bank, the participating banks and service

provider and the banks themselves will form the legal basis for such transactions. The rights

and obligations of each party must be clearly defined and should be valid in a court of law.

j. Banks must make mandatory disclosures of risks, responsibilities and liabilities of the customers

in doing business through Internet through a disclosure template. The banks should also provide

their latest published financial results over the net.

k. Hyperlinks from banks’ websites, often raise the issue of reputational risk. Such links should

not mislead the customers into believing that banks sponsor any particular product or any

business unrelated to banking. Hyperlinks from a banks’ websites should be confined to only

those portals with which they have a payment arrangement or sites of their subsidiaries or

principals. Hyperlinks to banks’ websites from other portals are normally meant for passing on

information relating to purchases made by banks’ customers in the portal. Banks must follow

the minimum recommended security precautions while dealing with request received from other

websites, relating to customers’ purchases.

2. The Reserve Bank of India have decided that the Group’s recommendations as detailed in this

circulars should be adopted by all banks offering Internet banking services, with immediate effect.

Even though the recommendations have been made in the context of Internet banking, these are

applicable, in general, to all forms of electronic banking and banks offering any form of electronic

banking should adopt the same to the extent relevant.

3. All banks offering Internet banking are advised to make a review of their systems in the light of

this circular and report to Reserve Bank the types of services offered, extent of their compliance with

the recommendations, deviations and their proposal indicating a time frame for compliance. The first

such report must reach us within one month from the date of this circular. Banks not offering any

kind of I-banking may submit a ‘nil’ report.

4. Banks who are already offering any kind of transactional service are advised to report, in addition

to those mentioned in paragraph above, their business models with projections of cost / benefits etc.

and seek our post-facto approval.

SOLUTIONS:

Here are some simple tips to prevent you from falling into the trap of cyber criminals. Remember, a

simple ignorance or oversight can make a huge dent in your hard- earned savings.

Securing your account: Avoid online banking on unsecured wifi systems and operate only

from PCs at home. Never reveal password to anyone. Do not even write it on a piece of paper on

diary. Just memorise it. It should be alphanumeric and change it frequently.

Never reply to queries from bank online about account or personal details. The personal information

should not be kept in a public computer or in emails.

Phishing: A person's personal details are obtained by fraudsters posing as bankers, who float a

site similar to that of the person's bank. They are asked to provide all personal information about

themselves and their account to the bank on the pretext of database upgradation. The number and

password are then used to carry out transactions on their behalf without their knowledge.

Phishing involves using a form of spam to fraudulently gain access to people's online banking details.

As well as targeting online banking customers, phishing emails may target online auction sites or other

online payment facilities. Typically, a phishing email will ask an online banking customer to follow a

link in order to update personal bank account details. If the link is followed, the victim downloads a

program which captures his or her banking login details and sends them to a third party.

Spam: Spam is an electronic 'junk mail' or unwanted messages sent to your email account or

mobile phone. These messages vary, but are essentially commercial and often annoying in their

sheer volume. They may try to persuade you to buy a product or service, or visit a website where

you can make purchases; or they may attempt to trick you into divulging your bank account or

credit card details.

Nigerian Scam: Nigerian or Frauds 409 or 419 are basically the lottery scam in which some

overseas persons are involved to cheat innocent persons or organizations by promising to give a

good amount of money at nominal fee charges. Their intention is to steal money in the form of

fee against the lottery prize.

Spyware: Spyware such as Trojan horse is generally considered to be software that is secretly

installed on a computer and takes things from it without the permission or knowledge of the

user. Spyware may take personal information, business information, bandwidth; or processing

capacity and secretly gives it to someone else.

"Trojan Horse" scheme unfolds when malicious software (malware) embeds to a consumer's computer

without the consumer being aware of it. Trojans often come in links or as attachments from unknown

email senders. After installation the software detects when a person accesses online banking sites and

records the username and password to transmit to the offender. People using public computers, in

places like Internet cafes, are often susceptible to Trojans like malware or spyware.

Check sites URL: Always check the URL of your bank's web site. Fraudsters can lure you to

enter your user ID and password at a fake website that resembles your bank. If you see anything

other than the bank's genuine URL, it has to be fake.

Never enter your user ID or password or such sensitive information without ascertaining that you are

on the right website. Always type the Web address of your bank into the browser address space.

Never click on the link in the email.

Fool-proof password: Change your online banking password at regular intervals. Also, avoid

easy-to-guess passwords, like first names, birthdays, kid's or spouse's name and telephone numbers.

Try to have an alpha-numeric password, one that combines alphabets and numbers.

If you have several bank accounts, never use the same online banking password for all. Never select

the option on browser that stores or retains user name and password. As it can easily be cracked by

cyber criminals. Also, never paste your password, always type it in. This little amount of `finger

exercise' will go a long way in safety.

Always check 'last logged': Most banks have a 'last logged in' panel on their websites. If

your bank has it, check the panel whenever you log in. If you notice irregularities (like you are

logging in after two days, but the panel says you logged in that morning!), report the matter

immediately to your bank and change your password right away.

Always log out when you exit the online banking portal. Close the browser to ensure that your secure

session is terminated. Never exit simply by closing the browser.

Keep your system up to date: Regularly check for security updates for your computer

operating system. Most security updates are aimed at reducing risks to your computer, these may

be data-related or otherwise. Make sure that your operating system and browser have the latest

security patches installed. And, always install these only from trusted websites.

Install a personal firewall to prevent hackers from gaining unauthorised access to your computer,

especially if you connect to the Internet through a cable or a DSL modem.

Public access can be injurious: Don't leave the PC unattended after keying in information

while transacting on the website. Avoid accessing your bank online at cyber cafes or on a share or

public computer. Also, avoid locations that offer online connections through wireless networks (Wi-

Fi), where privacy and security are minimal.

Follow Bank instructions: Banks say that appropriate upgradations are carried out from time

to time by their IT departments for risk mitigation. They issue instructions to the customers to

manage their accounts through virtual keyboards by way of which the characters typed by them are

not identified by hackers. SMS alerts are also an important tool since any transaction carried out

on account is reported to the account holder through an SMS.

Protection: Learn the ways to protect yourself from online banking fraud schemes. Detect

Trojans that appear on your PC in the form of viruses, spyware or malware through Antivirus

Software, anti Spyware, and Adware. Also, learn to keep your cards, documents and passwords

safe, and monitor your accounts to safeguard yourself from bank fraud committed through

identity theft.

CASE STUDIES:

1. Email password Hacking-

One day a lady came to cyber cell office and reported that she and her brothers e-mail ID’S

had been hacked by someone she suspected him to be her husband. The lady had already lodged a

case against him for dowry and was pending for trial in Bhopal court.

The suspect had hacked lady’s and her brother e-mail ID account and copied all the information to his

e-mail and produced selected e-mails to claim that . she was happy with him and case of dowry is a

false one .

To malign the image of her brother the suspect sent a copy of FIR lodged against him at police

station Habibganj. This indicated that the husband of the lady was behind the whole affair but police

had not any evidence against him.

Cyber cell started enquiry by an order of IGP and obtained the login logs from rediff.com .The logs

indicated that the email IDs password were changed and anonymous emails were sent from the house

of lady’s husband and sent from his.

Cyber cell registered a case under section 66 IT act and submitted Challan has been filed against the

suspect and trial is over.

Court has hold the conviction against the suspect Sabrish Pillai but found that the matter came before

the court as Sabrish was having family dispute with his wife and the, act of hacking was not against

the society at large, Hence let him free after warning.

2. Internet Lottery Fraud :

MP Cyber police has investigated several case of cheating through Internet lottery offer which

is commonly known as Nigerian 419 scam. In this kind of cheating the culprits used to send bulk

emails, bulk SMS to millions of users using software, stating that the receiver has won lottery worth

thousands of pounds or dollars which comes out to be crores of Indian rupees, in a lucky draw. They

used to create fake lottery winning certificate using logo and text from original website, which seems

to be original at a glance. This kind of sending bulk emails or SMS is an act of commonly known as

Phishing attack. Those who are lured by such offer often tempted to contact them. The culprits then

ask the target to fill a form and thus receive all the personal information of the target and asks him

to deposit token money in various names to earn the lottery prize. The target who is hoping to earn

huge amount of money finds these charges to be minimal. The culprit asks the target to deposit

money in the name yellow tag, custom clearance UN anti terrorism certificate, RBI charges or any

other name they feel it to suitable to convince the target. The culprits ask the target to deposit in

various bank accounts and once the money is deposited by the target it is withdrawn same day by the

suspect.

After losing lakhs of amount people come to know that they are being cheated. In this kind of

cheating the contact number are usually taken in the fake names or in the other Indian guys name,

account are being opened in the fake names or acquired on the basis of commission by fooling the

account holders.

Mp cyber police has investigated the case of Internet lottery fraud and arrested Nigerian national

Godspower from Meharauli Delhi with the suspected mobile used for communication, one laptop,

printer and box used for black dollar scam.

Mp cyber police has investigated the case of Internet lottery fraud Crime no 07/09 420,468,34 IPC

and crime no 05/10 420,468,34 AIPC and arrested Nigerian national Idiiogbe Joseph from Mumbai

with the suspected mobile used for communication, laptop, fake Income tax certificate and seals.

Apart from the above MPCP is investigating two more such cases in which suspects are being

monitored and efforts are being made to arrest them.

ICICI BANK

ICICI bank (formerly known as Industrial Credit and Investment Corporation of India) is the largest

private sector bank in India. ICICI is the first bank to introduce Internet banking in India.

ICICI bank offers various online banking services to its customers under the name ICICI Net Banking.

The ICICI net banking system allows you to access your bank account any time of the day from the

privacy of your home or office. Moreover, you can transfer funds to any bank account across India

instantly using ICICI net banking facility.

CHAPTER II - RESEARCH METHODOLOGY

Objectives of the study:

1) The main objective of this study was to understand the growth of the online banking sector

in India.

2) To study the opportunities for growth of online banking in India, since India is a very fast

developing country.

3) To study the challenges associated with the growth of online banking.

4) To understand the scope and the infrastructure that is there in India for its development.

Limits of the study:

The study of this project is limited to 25 people of Mumbai who have been questioned to

understand the project well.

Methodology used:

A. PRIMARY DATA: -

Questionnaire distributed among people having bank accounts. A sample questionnaire of 10

questions distributed to 25 people.

B. SECONDARY DATA :-

Internet

Reference books

CHAPTER III - DATA ANALYSIS

A survey was conducted on online banking in India for the primary data among 25 people. The

analysis of this survey or data is as follows:-

Q. What kind of banking do you prefer?

Traditional Online Both0

2

4

6

8

10

12

14

POLL out of 25: Traditional – 5 ; Online – 8 ; Both – 12

FINDINGS: This shows us the preference of the people towards the type of banking. They prefer to

use the services of both the online and traditional banking rather than a particular type.

Q. Do you think online banking is better than traditional banking?

YESNOCAN'T SAY

POLL out of 25: Yes - 13; No - 5; Can’t Say – 7

FINDINGS: The people understand that online banking is better than the traditional banking because

of its nature. While a few of the people are still not fully convinced.

Q. Do you feel you account is secured in online banking?

YES NO CANT SAY0

2

4

6

8

10

12

Poll out of 25: Yes - 11; No - 7; Can’t Say – 7

FINDINGS: Majority of the people think that their Account is secured, but not all. Their security

concern should be eradicated. This will attract customers.

Q. How frequently do you use banking services?

WEEKLY MONTHLY REGULARLY RARELY0

2

4

6

8

10

12

POLL out of 25: Weekly - 5; Monthly - 11; Regularly - 2; Rarely – 7

FINDINGS: Most of the people do not need the services of banks regularly or maybe there is no

need. They may transact with the bank on monthly basis for most of the time.

Q. How happy are you with services of online banking provided by your bank?

COMPLETELY PARTIALLY FAIRLY NOT AT ALL0

2

4

6

8

10

POLL out of 25: Completely - 4; Partially - 9; Fairly - 9; Not at all - 3

FINDINGS: The satisfaction level of people with the online banking services of their banks has a

mixed review. This may be due to multiple reasons.

Q. What type of transaction do you make in online banking?

CHECK BALANCES

PAYMENTS TRANSFER OF FUNDS

OTHER

POLL out of 25: Check balances - 11; Payments - 7; Transfer of fund - 2; Other -5

FINDINGS: The utility of the online banking is service is not used to the extent is should be and it

is being majorly used for the purpose of checking the balance in the account. The reason for this is

the low volume of transaction among the people.

CHAPTER IV

RECOMMENDATIONS & CONCLUSIONS

CONCLUSION:

People are not confident enough to whether to rely completely on online banking. There is

hesitancy in their minds with regards to preference. So they use both the techniques of banking

i.e. Online and Traditional.

Because of the complexity and the unawareness in the people regarding the online banking,

there is less utilization of the online banking services provided by the banks.

People are not sure whether their account is completely secured in online banking. Security

concern is the main and the core reason why people do not tend to use online banking.

People in India are not aware of the full utility of online banking and the services that can be

availed of in online banking.

Most of the Indian population are salaries employees who do not have that volume of

transaction that can be used for online transaction.

RECOMMENDATION:

After analyzing the entire study on online banking with respect to both the primary and the secondary

data, the following recommendations can be put forth:-

The infrastructure for the development is not being implemented in way that could be

beneficial.

There are various obstacles in the banking scenario with regards to guidelines and issues for

functioning. This has led to decline in the usage of the online banking service of the banks.

The people having accounts can be urged to take up an internet banking facility. They should

be motivated rather than just being told that there exists a service of online banking.

There are more people who are not actually aware of all the benefits that they reap out of the

transaction of online banking. They should be proper awareness.

Most of the people o not count online banking due the problems of security concerns. Proper

security software should be developed and people should be convinced that their accounts are

secured in online transactions.

CHAPTER V- BIBLIOGRAPHY

INTERNET:

http://www.onlinebanking.net/online-banking-services/

http://www.productivity501.com/choosing-online-bank/244/

http://www.thewisdomjournal.com/Blog/pros-and-cons-of-online-banking/

http://www.onlinebanking.net/how-does-online-banking-work/

http://www.onlinebanking.net/future-of-online-banking/

http://www.onlinebanking.net/why-banks-encourage-online-banking/

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Electronic_commerce

http://www.indianmba.com/Faculty_Column/FC889/fc889.html

http://www.banknetindia.com/banking/ibkg.htm

http://www.sendmoneyindia.org/icici-net-banking.php

http://economictimes.indiatimes.com/opinion/money-banking/e-banking-could-open-opportunities-for-

banks/articleshow/4461581.cms

http://www.ehow.com/about_5147496_problems-related-net-banking-india.html

http://www.ehow.com/about_5340363_different-types-online-banking.html

http://www.networkmagazineindia.com/200302/feature.shtml

http://theonlinebankingblog.blogspot.com/2011/04/challenges-of-online-banking-security.html

http://searchcio.techtarget.com/definition/e-commerce

http://searchdatacenter.techtarget.com/definition/IT

http://nedogluka.com/internet-banking-global-way-for-banks-in-india.html

http://nedogluka.com/the-size-and-growth-of-the-banking-jobs-in-india.html

http://mpcyberpolice.nic.in/casestudies.htm#top

http://www.internetworldstats.com/asia/in.htm

REFERENCE BOOKS:

R.K. UPPAL BANKING WITH TECHNOLOGY

NEW CENTURY PUBLICATIONSNEW DELHI

APPENDIX

INTERNET BANKING IN INDIA (Survey)

Q.1 WHICH BANK DO YOU HAVE AN ACCOUNT?(1 – Private sector bank; 2 – Public sector bank; 3 – Other)

Q.2 WHAT KIND OF BANKING DO YOU PREFER?

(1 – Traditional; 2 – Online; 3 – Both)

Q.3 DO YOU THINK ONLINE BANKING IS USEFUL?

(1 – Yes; 2 – No; 3 – Can’t say)

Q.4 HOW FREQUENTLY DO YOU USE BANKING SERVICES?

(1 – Weekly; 2 – Monthly; 3 – Regularly; 4 – Rarely)

Q.5 DO YOU THINK ONLINE BANKING IS BETTER THAN TRADITIONAL BANKING?

(1 – Yes; 2 – No; 3 – Can’t Say)

Q.6 DO YOU FEEL ONLINE BANKING HAS A GROWTH POTENTIAL IN INDIA?

(1 – Yes; 2 – No; 3 – Can’t Say)

Q.7 WHAT TYPE OF TRANSACTION DO YOU MAKE IN ONLINE BANKING?

(1 – Check balances; 2 – Make payments; 3 – Transfer funds; 4 – Other)

Q.8 DO YOU FEEL YOUR ACCOUNT IS COMPLETELY SECURED IN ONLINE BANKING?

(1 – Yes; 2 – No; 3 – Can’t Say)

Q.9 ARE YOU HAPPY WITH THE SERVICES OF ONLINE BANKING PROVIDED BY YOUR

BANK?

(1 – Completely; 2 – Partially; 3 – Fairly; 4 – Not at all)

Q.10 FOR ME ONLINE BANKING IS

NAME:

PHONE:

EMAIL ID: