Ontology Library SystemsOntology Library Systems::The key to successful Ontology The key to successful Ontology

Re-useRe-use

Ying Ding & Dieter Ying Ding & Dieter FenselFenselSupported by OnToKnowledgeSupported by OnToKnowledge

04/18/23

INTERNETINTERNET

WAREHOUSEWAREHOUSE vs. vs. LIBRARYLIBRARY

04/18/23

NEEDEDNEEDED

HOOKSHOOKS to PRECISE information to PRECISE information

TOOLSTOOLS and AIDS and AIDS

CORECORE Ontology Library Ontology Library

04/18/23

ONTOLOGYONTOLOGY

CREATIONCREATION

COPYCOPY

RE-USERE-USE

Multiple-format InterfacesMultiple-format Interfaces

04/18/23

OUTLINEOUTLINE

Evaluation CriteriaEvaluation Criteria

Comparison of SystemsComparison of Systems

Unique features of the 8 systemsUnique features of the 8 systems

ConclusionsConclusions

My AssessmentMy Assessment

04/18/23

Survey Evaluation CriteriaSurvey Evaluation Criteria

04/18/23

04/18/23

Upper-level OntologyUpper-level Ontology

04/18/23

Ontolingua – top-level organizationOntolingua – top-level organization

04/18/23

Sample Lattice of OntologiesSample Lattice of Ontologies

04/18/23

DAML Ontology Library System (pre-OWL) DAML Ontology Library System (pre-OWL)

04/18/23

SHOESHOE

04/18/23

Ontology ServerOntology Server

04/18/23

IEEE SUO (standard upper ontology)IEEE SUO (standard upper ontology)

04/18/23

OntoServerOntoServer

04/18/23

ONIONS ONIONS (Ontological Integration of Naïve Sources)(Ontological Integration of Naïve Sources)

04/18/23

04/18/23

CONCLUSIONS: WHAT IS NEEDEDCONCLUSIONS: WHAT IS NEEDED

STORAGESTORAGE Client/server AND web architectureClient/server AND web architecture

CLASSIFY multiple-access pointsCLASSIFY multiple-access points SUBJECT SUBJECT (Open Directory Category)(Open Directory Category) Indexed RELATIONS with superset/subsetIndexed RELATIONS with superset/subset Lattice structure (Ontolingua) relation and Lattice structure (Ontolingua) relation and

relevancerelevance Upper-level ontology (ONIONS)Upper-level ontology (ONIONS) CORE & Peripheral Library using DIMENSIONS CORE & Peripheral Library using DIMENSIONS

(task/method & domain dependencies)(task/method & domain dependencies)

04/18/23

CONCLUSIONS - STORAGECONCLUSIONS - STORAGE

SUPPORT FEATURESSUPPORT FEATURES Design processDesign process TaxonomyTaxonomy AxiomsAxioms Inference MechanismInference Mechanism ApplicationApplication ContributionsContributions GeneralGeneral

04/18/23

CONCLUSION - STORAGECONCLUSION - STORAGE

COMPONENTSCOMPONENTS Domain partitioningDomain partitioning Alternative domain viewsAlternative domain views Abstract / Detailed viewsAbstract / Detailed views Primary / Secondary ontological viewsPrimary / Secondary ontological views Terminological informationTerminological information Knowledge-modeling viewsKnowledge-modeling views

04/18/23

CONCLUSIONS - STORAGECONCLUSIONS - STORAGE

Modular organizationModular organization Naming policies and standardsNaming policies and standards Disjointed partitioning of classesDisjointed partitioning of classes Consistency checksConsistency checks Unique identification – URL, ID, nameUnique identification – URL, ID, name Version control (SHOE)Version control (SHOE)

04/18/23

CONCLUSIONS - ADAPTATIONCONCLUSIONS - ADAPTATION

Visualized browsingVisualized browsing Hyperlinks and/or cross-referencesHyperlinks and/or cross-references

Searching and EditingSearching and Editing Collaborative editingCollaborative editing

Simple REASONING functionSimple REASONING function Facilitate ontology creationFacilitate ontology creation Support ontology mapping and integrationSupport ontology mapping and integration

04/18/23

CONCLUSIONS - STANDARDIZATIONCONCLUSIONS - STANDARDIZATION

LANGUAGELANGUAGE Common vocabularyCommon vocabulary Faceted taxonomyFaceted taxonomy Controlled Domain vocabulariesControlled Domain vocabularies

Synonym-matchingSynonym-matching Sibling analysisSibling analysis Disjoint partition checkingDisjoint partition checking Mapping between multiple controlled Mapping between multiple controlled

vocabularies from different domainsvocabularies from different domains

04/18/23

CONCLUSIONS - STANDARDIZATIONCONCLUSIONS - STANDARDIZATION

UPPER-LEVEL ONTOLOGYUPPER-LEVEL ONTOLOGY Better top-level organizationBetter top-level organization

OntolinguaOntolingua IEEE SUOIEEE SUO

04/18/23

CONCLUSIONS - OTHERSCONCLUSIONS - OTHERS

Ontology SCALABILITYOntology SCALABILITY MAINTENANCE facilitiesMAINTENANCE facilities

Consistency checkingConsistency checking Diagnositc testingDiagnositc testing Support for multiple-system interfacesSupport for multiple-system interfaces

Explicit DOCUMENTATIONExplicit DOCUMENTATION

04/18/23

MY ASSESSMENTMY ASSESSMENT

Good, straightforward surveyGood, straightforward survey

PAPER PURPOSE - to present their conclusionsPAPER PURPOSE - to present their conclusions

ADDITIONAL CONCLUSIONSADDITIONAL CONCLUSIONS Good editors for all views of an ontologyGood editors for all views of an ontology Well-developed language component (WordNET+)Well-developed language component (WordNET+) COMPONENT BUILDING BLOCKS – better definition of COMPONENT BUILDING BLOCKS – better definition of

the smallest ontological piece for re-usethe smallest ontological piece for re-use

DEPTH-FIRST development (law or medicine)DEPTH-FIRST development (law or medicine)