Open Data in Ubiquitous Systems Research –

Introduction to Open Science and Open Data in Research

Heli Väätäjä (heli.vaataja@gmail.com) http://opendatainubiresearch.blogspot.fi/

Tampere University of Technology, Finland UBINET Seminar for doctoral students in

HCI and CS, 18.5 & 12.6, 2015 Seminar day 1,18.5.2015 SB204

Learning objectives for lecture

• Introduction to the concepts of – Open science – Open data in research.

• After the lecture you will: – Recognize what is research data and materials. – Recognize the importance of managing research

materials. – Have an initial understanding of what “open data” can

mean in research and why openness and considering it is important.

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RESEARCH DATA

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By Auke Herrema, for RDA (Research Data Alliance) at 4th Plenary 22-24.9.2014, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

What are your research data?

• Your research topic/theme – What are your research data? – Who uses the data? – When? – For what purpose(s)? – Who might be interested in your data?

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Research data

• Information that is collected, observed, or created for the purposes of analysis to produce and validate original research results.

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Examples of research data

• Transcribed interviews • Survey results • Observation notes • Measurements • Images, videos, audio • Code • Log data…

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OPENNESS?

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By Auke Herrema, for RDA (Research Data Alliance) at 4th Plenary 22-24.9.2014, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

Open science

• Open science aims for advancing open operation in scientific research.

• The central aim is to publish – research results, – research data, and – research methods

in a way that they are accessible and usable (for all).

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D2.3 Content & learning objectives for all Open Science target groups, Foster.

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The Open Science and Research Initiative, Ministry of Education and Culture, Finland

Open research leads to surprising discoveries and creative insights

Research data and materials move freely throughout society.

Information flow is facilitated by clear policies and best practices.

Openness is a joint operating model.

EU - Horizon 2020

• Aim for fuller and wider access to scientific publications and data.

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Guidelines on Open Access to Scientific Publications and Research Data in Horizon 2020, v. 1.0, 11.12.2013

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”The European Commission’s vision is that the information already paid for by the public purse should not be paid for again each time it is accessed or used, and that it should benefit European companies and citizens to the full.”

Guidelines on Open Access to Scientific Publications and Research Data in Horizon 2020, v. 1.0, 11.12.2013

By Auke Herrema, for RDA (Research Data Alliance) at 4th Plenary 22-24.9.2014, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

What thoughts do these visions raise? What do they mean for us as researchers?

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OPEN DATA

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By Auke Herrema, for RDA (Research Data Alliance) at 4th Plenary 22-24.9.2014, Amsterdam, The Netherlands

Primary vs. secondary research data Secondary data [are] data collected by someone other than the user [...] Primary data, by contrast, are collected by the investigator conducting the research.

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Wikipedia [Accessed 19 Jan 2015] (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Secondary_data)

Open data

Open data is data that can be freely used, reused and redistributed by anyone – subject only, at most, to the requirement to attribute and sharealike.

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Open Data Handbook [Accessed 19 Jan 2015] http://opendatahandbook.org/en/what-is-open-data/index.html © 2010-2012, Open Knowledge Foundation. Licensed under Creative Commons Attribution (Unported) v3.0 License.

Where does open data originate from? • Information that has accumulated in/by

– research, – public administration, – organizations, – companies, or – private citizens, and has been opened to externals for using freely and without payment.

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ATT-hanke [Accessed 19 Jan 2015] (http://avointiede.fi/keskeiset-kasitteet)

EXAMPLES OF OPEN DATA REPOSITORIES

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Apps using open data – trams on map in real time

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Most often presented composers – Helsinki city orchestra

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Open research (science) data

Open science data is a type of open data focused on publishing observations and results of scientific activities available for anyone to analyze and reuse.

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Wikipedia [Accessed 19 Jan 2015] (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_science_data)

Openness of research data • Data is available for use

– by anyone – for any purpose, – also internationally as long as the source is referenced according to good scientific practice. It does not necessarily mean that it is free of charge; charges may apply for handling the data when giving it for use.

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ATT-hanke [Accessed 19 Jan 2015] (http://avointiede.fi/keskeiset-kasitteet)

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Summary - Open Data in Research

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Research

Open data

Open research

data

Open research

data

MOTIVATION, BENEFITS AND OBSTACLES

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Why is managing research data important?

"Research cannot flourish if data are not preserved and made accessible. All concerned must act accordingly". Editorial: Data's Shameful Neglect (10 September 2009) in Nature 461, p. 145, doi:10.1038/461145a. Published online 9 September 2009; corrected 23 September 2009.

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http://www.universityworldnews.com/article.php?story=20111103193525126

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Confirming and Validating results - Quality of research, Research integrity

15.6.2015 http://www.nytimes.com/2010/08/13/health/research/13alzheimer.html?pagewanted=all

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Scientific breakthroughs

”There is evidence that studies that make their data available do indeed receive more citations than similar studies that do not.”

Piwowar HA, Vision TJ. (2013) Data reuse and the open data citation advantage. PeerJ 1:e175 https://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.175

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More citations

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Respondents by discipline (80.5 % academics)

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Lack of access to other researchers’ data is a major impediment

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Sharing of data

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Sharing? - Obstacles

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Questions

• Green notes: What could be the benefits or opportunities of open data for your research?

• Pink notes: What challenges (concerns, obstacles) do you have or see in sharing your research data openly?

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Further materials (see also blog page) Science • Ministry of Education and Culture, Finland: http://avointiede.fi/ and http://openscience.fi/ • Research Data Management Training http://datalib.edina.ac.uk/mantra/ Piwowar HA, Vision TJ. (2013) Data reuse and the open data citation advantage. PeerJ 1:e175 https://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.175 Some examples found in this slideset originate from: ”Horizon 2020 Open Data Pilot” and Joona Lehtomäki’s slideset in OKF Finland seminar on open science.

General • Open Data Institute http://opendatainstitute.org/ • Open Data Handbook http://opendatahandbook.org/en/index.html • On open data by DD Dawson http://www.istl.org/12-spring/internet2.html#open-science

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