open source geospatial

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Open Source GeospatialJody GarnettLISAsoftwww.lisasoft.com

Licensed under Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 2.5 Australiahttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.5/au/

Context

LicenseDescribes the limits placed on distributionOpen StandardsAllows component to slot in to your SDICommunity and DocumentationInfluence the cost to adoptOpen DevelopmentOpen to your direction and contributions

Open Source Geospatial Foundation

14 March 2008Open Source Geospatial

Open Source SDI Architecture


DatabaseStandardsSimple Feature for SQL (SFSQL)SQL Multi Media Extensions (SQL MM)


Database


PostGISAdvanced geometric indexingBasic topology and curved geometryWidely supported by clients and servers

Spatial Extensions for PostgreSQLReleased by Refractions Research in 2001Simple Features for SQL compliantImage Copyright: William Scot

Developed by Refractions Research in 2001 to ease the maintenance of data sets and improve systems work for the British Columbia government.Spatially enables the PostgreSQL databaseSimple Features for SQL compliant (2d-4d)Basic topology and curved geometry supportAdvanced geometric indexingWidely supported by client and server applicationsFuture directions:Complete curved geometry support?Raster support?Leverages the powerful features of PostgreSQL:Transactional integrity and conflict avoidanceTable joins using spatial and aspatial keysHot backups, replication and clusteringHigh speed random access to large datasetsQuery formulation using SQLLacks integrated enterprise style accessories such as database design and documentation tools (third party applications available)Replication provided by Slony, lacks master-master replication and confined to a few children per parent. Supports tree replication very well.Infoterra, United Kingdom600 million rows of Ordinance Survey topographic data for the UK, one of the largest unified spatial data sets in the world.http://postgis.refractions.netImage from http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Image:La_Palmyre_066.jpgImage Copyright: William Scot


MySQL Spatial ExtensionsReleased in MySQL 4.1 in 2003Supports geometric index on default storage engineRange of analytical functionalityRelational operators support BBox only

Range of analytical (non-relational) functionalityRelational operators support bounding box onlyGeometric support only available on four table types (MyISAM, InnoDB, NDB and Archive)Geometric index support only available on one table type (MyISAM)Some support by service applications.

Not a fully featured spatial datastore, inappropriate for analytical use.

http://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/6.0/en/spatial-extensions.html


Web ServicesGeoServerMapServerMapGuide OSTileCachedeegree

Servers

Web Map ServerProvides Images (JPEG, PNG, etc...)Web Feature Server (WFS)Provides Vector Data (KMLWeb Coverage Service (WCS) raw rasterCatalog Service Web (CSW) discovery

DataGML, KML, GeoRSS, etc...


GeoServerWMS, WFS-T, WCS compliantVery strong documentationUser friendly administrative web interface

Fully featured J2EE geospatial data serverStarted in 2001 by TOPPFlexible security model

Started in 2001 by The Open Planning Project to provide affordable service for NYC planners.OGC Reference Implementation for WFSWMS, WFS-T, WCS compliantVery well documented.Configurable via a user friendly web interface.

Fully featured J2EE geospatial data serverStandards: WMS, WFS-T, WCS, Filter Encoding, SLD, GMLOutput: GML, GeoJSON, GeoRSS, shapefile, KML, SVG, PDF, various image formatsInput: ArcSDE, PostGIS, DB2, Oracle, shapefile, GML, VPF, MySQL, MapInfo, various raster formats

Validation engine to check inserted features against a configured set of topological and attribute based rules to maintain backend integrity.Atomic database transactions and long transaction support through WFS-T.Streaming data readers mean no memory bound limit to the amount of data that can be returned.On the fly reprojection.Service / layer / feature level security infrastructure.

Very fast for both WMS and WFS interfaces. SLD styling for WMS layers is difficult, requires knowledge of the SLD spec or an additional tool to create SLD documents. Advanced/new features still require direct editing of xml configuration files.

Used by the Department of Environment and Climate Change, NSW as its preferred means of raw data publication.

http://geoserver.org/


UMN MapServerHigh speed map renderer and serverDeveloped by UMN ForNet project in 1997WMS, WFS, WCS, SOS serviceThematic mapping using logical/regex classesAdvanced labelling engine

Developed for the University of Minnesota ForNet project in cooperation with NASA and Minnesota Department of Natural ResourcesCGI / Scripted Server Application

Standards: WMS, WFS, WCS, SOS, GML, Filter Encoding, WMC, SLDInput: PostGIS, ArcSDE, Oracle Spatial, MySQL, shapefile, GeoTIFF, EPPL, moreOutput: GML, PNG, GIF, JPEG, JP2000, SWF, PDF

Advanced cartographic output:Scale dependent feature drawing and application executionFeature labeling including label collision mediation, shape followingFully customizable, template driven outputTrueType fontsMap element automation (scalebar, reference map and legend)Thematic mapping using logical- or regular expression-based classesOn the fly reprojectionRuns on Linux, Windows, Mac OSX, Solaris and moreVarious projects available to produce map files (configuration files), including QGIS and AmeiN! (ArcGIS extension)Simple configuration file layout provides powerful styling options. Faster that GeoServer at Shapefile rendering, slower at PostGIS rendering (as of September)Windows compilation can be very difficult if binaries dont meet your needs.Many (98) user galleries available through the website. Used by the Forest Fire Combat in Chile for monitoring of wireless sensors and satellite data to help combat forest fires.http://mapserver.gis.umn.edu/Image from: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Atlas_sculpture_on_collins_street_melbourne.jpgImage is in the public domain.


MapGuide Open SourceWeb based geospatial service platformReleased by AutoDesk in 2005Includes Fusion development frameworkHighly scalable designConnection-oriented, role-based security

AutoDesk rebuilt MapGuide to address known limitations in the product, producing MapGuide Open Source in 2005.Fusion is a web-mapping application development framework that allows designers/developers to built rich mapping applications quickly and easily.Standards: WMS, WFSInput: ArcSDE, MySQL, ODBC, SDF, SHP, WFS, WMS, GDAL and moreRuns under IIS and Apache on Windows or LinuxFast, scalable and secureGDAL provides support for 78 image formats.StylingScale dependent renderingRule based thematic stylingDynamic labelling with labels following feature path, automatic resizing and overpost detectionAnti-aliasing, true colour and TrueType fontsScalableFully multi-threaded for multiprocessor/multicore architecturesMultiple servers can be configured into one logical serverDatabase connections are pooled and shared between usersRemote administration includes site and server configuration and log accessUser friendly configuration, styling. Backed by AutoDesk. Used by the City of San Franciscos Department of Public Works Bureau of Urban Forestry to provide a tool that allows the forest managers to inventory and map existing, future and past tree locations. It will also provide the public the ability to visualise the data, report problems, upload information such as photos and stories and add information about privately owned trees to the city inventory.http://mapguide.osgeo.org/Image from: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Anselm_Klotz(L)-Josef_Frey(R).jpgImage is in the public domain.


deegree web servicesMost comprehensive implementation of OGC standards in an open source frameworkExtremely modular and highly decoupledOGC reference implementation for WMS and WCSWMS, WCS, WFS and security modules

Input: PostGIS, Oracle, JDBC, shapefile, GML2 and 3, JPEG, GIF, PNG, BMP, TIFF/GeoTIFF, WFS, WCS, WMS

Competitors include ESRI and Red Spider (Leica-Ionic)Architecture allows distribution of various modules of the SDI across systems while still presenting a unified interface. Extreme modularity provides very flexible architectural options, but provides a steep learning curve and is overkill for small applications.

Used by the OGC as reference implementation for WMS and WCS. These are provided by the Compliance and Interoperability Testing Initiative (CITE) for product developers to test their products against a certified implementation of each specification.

http://www.deegree.org/

Image from: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Wooden_trestle_bridge_approach.JPGImage licensed under GNU Free Document License


GeoNetworkStarted in 2003 by FAOPortal/catalogue components of SDI 1.0Manage and public metadataSupports multiple metadata standardsNew standard supported by XSLT transformRobust user/group security model

Started in 2003 by the FAO of the UN.Combined portal/catalogue component of the OGC SDI 1.0Standards: CS/W, ISO 19115, WMS, SLD, Z3950, FGDC, Dublin CoreContains tools for managing and publishing metadata on spatial data, services and related resourcesRobust user/group security model

Embedded Intermap for visualisation and GeoServer for rendering and cascading.

FGDC = Federal Geographic Data Committee

BlueNet Australian Marine Science Data Network

Does not (yet) support the ebRIM profile of CS/W.

Supports harvesting of remote catalogues

http://www.geonetwork-opensource.org/

Image from: http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Image:Yale_card_catalog.jpgImage is in the public domain.


TileCacheDeveloped by MetaCarta in 2006Highly scalable, high speedCan be a dynamic cache, or pre-cached Supports WMS-C and TMS specifications Pluggable rendering backendsPluggable caching mechanisms

Developed by MetaCarta in 2006 to address the Google Gap in open source web services.Rendering backends:MapServer via Python MapScriptMapnik via Python bindingsCascading WMS Any WMS compliant service can be tiled

Cache backends:DiskCache store files in structured directories on diskMemoryCache store data in memcached instance or cluster (Requires memcached server)

Requires fixed zoom scales/resolutions, little support from thick clients.

Image from: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Image:Manzellamosaics.jpgImage is in the public domain.


Thick ClientsJUMP/OpenJUMPGRASSQGISgvSiguDig


JUMP/OpenJUMPReleased by Vivid in 2002Written as a GUI for data integration algorithmsOpenJUMP forked in 2004Advanced analytical and data integration capabilities available as pluginsMemory resident feature processing

Written as a GUI for plug-in data integration algorithmsInput: shapefile, GML, WKT, PostGIS, ArcSDE, Oracle, WFS and moreAdvanced analytical and data integration capabilities available as pluginsMemory resident feature rendering/processing

OpenJUMP was forked from the JUMP code base to promote more open development

Plugin architecture allows the development of additional features: RoadMatcher provides JUMP plugins for vectory dataset conflation.Many I/O plugins available.

Used extensively in British Columbia for conflation projects including the Digital Road Atlas and various forest services and environmental monitoring projects.

http://www.vividsolutions.com/products.asp?catg=spaapp&code=jumphttp://openjump.org/



GRASSStarted by the US Army in 1982 as a raster analysis systemNow includes vector analysis capabilitiesPowerful command line interfaceInput: GDAL, OGR, PostGIS

Started by the US Army in 1982 as a raster analysis systemNow includes vector analysis capabilitiesPowerful command line interfacesInput: GDAL, OGR, PostGIS

GDAL provides access to 78 image formats. OGR provides access to 31 vector formats.

Currently used in many government agencies, including NASA, NOAA, USDA and CSIRO.

http://grass.osgeo.org/



QGISQuantum GISInitially a small PostGIS viewer in 2002Rapidly grew to a fully featured GIS appGPS IntegrationPrint composerDigitising toolsSpatial bookmarks

Quantum GISInitially a small PostGIS viewer in 2002Rapidly grew to a fully featured GIS appGPS IntegrationPrint composerDigitising toolsSpatial bookmarksProvides GRASS tool integration

Standards: WMS, WFSInput: GRASS vectors, shapefiles, PostGIS, TIFF/GeoTIFF, ArcInfo Grids, GRASS rastersExtensible plugin architecture

Used in the Ocean Communities 3E (economy, ecology, equity) Analysis Network (OCEAN) developed by Ecotrust. OCEAN comprises databases, analysis and tools to allow scientists, managers and communities to take an integrated and systemic look at ecosystems and management issues.

http://www.qgis.com/



gvSigDeveloped for CIT of Valencia in 2003Goal of moving the CIT to open sourceThe goals of the tender were:PortabilityModularityOpen CodeLicense FreeInteroperable Subject to Standards

Developed for the Regional Council for Infrastructures and Transportation (CIT) in 2003.Portability: Initially support Linux and Windows. Java based.Modularity: Extensible with new features when development concludes.Open Code: original source code will be availableLicense Free: No ongoing licensing after conclusions of development.Interoperable: Access data of other proprietary software without need to change their format.Subject to Standards: Complies with the guidelines set out by the OGC and EU.

Standards: WFS, WMS, WCS, WMCInputs: TIFF/GeoTIFF, JP2000, ECW, PNG, GIF, DWG, shapefile, DGN, DXF, WMS, WFS, ArcIMS, ArcSDE, PostGIS, Oracle SpatialOutputs: shapefile, DXF, PostGIS, Oracle Spatial, WMC, postScript, PDF, various raster

Extensive documentation.GUI oriented towards government and research users.English docs lag Spanish by a couple months.

Developed Conselleria dInfraestructures i Transport of Generalitat Valenciana or Council for Infrastructure and Transportation for the government of Valencia

http://www.gvsig.gva.es/



uDigUser-friendly Desktop Internet GISDeveloped by Refractions ResearchDesigned as an internet based clientFull streaming rendering and processingHighly extensible plugin architectureMature feature manipulation tools

User-friendly Desktop Internet GISDeveloped by Refractions Research, first released in 2004Designed as an internet based clientFull streaming rendering and processingHighly extensible plugin architectureMature feature manipulation tools

Standards: WMS, WFS-T, WCS, GML, Filter Encoding, SLDInput: ArcSDE, DB2, Oracle Spatial, PostGIS, WMS, WFS, TIFF/GeoTIFF, GML, shapefile, JPEG, GIF, PNG

Lacks robust analytical tools. Designed for customisation, and as such lacks some of the common GIS capabilities.Eurobios Waste Optimizer is a branded uDig application that calculates highly efficient and realistic collection rounds to service an area. It allows the specification of the area, available transfer stations/landfills and resources in terms of vehicles, crews and working hours.

http://udig.refractions.net/





Thin ClientsOpenLayersMapBuilderMapbender


OpenLayers

Image Copyright: Luca GaluzziDe-facto web mapping libraryAccess any common web serviceAny browserJava Script

Example of:Compitition &Collaboration

OpenLayersCan access almost anythingCan run in almost any browserRequires JS programmingDe-facto library for web mappingLacks XML transform capabilities, making XML processing slower

Image from: http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Image:USA_10052_Grand_Canyon_Luca_Galuzzi_2007.jpgImage License: Creative Commons Attribution ShareAlike 2.5Image Copyright: Luca Galuzzi


OpenLayers

Image from: http://www.sweepingplains.com

Image License: Creative Commons Attribution ShareAlike 2.5Image Copyright: LISAsoft & Groundtruth Systems


MapbenderClient/server solutionProvides authentication and authorisation functionality and management interfacesProvides Geo-Content Management

MapBenderClient/server solutionProvides authentication and authorisation functionality and management interfacesProvides Geo-Content Management

Image from: http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Image:Real_Bender.jpgImage is in the public domain.


Mapbender

Image from: http://cwrint.grinfo.net/images/illustrations/Mapbender_main.pngImage is Bioversity International


MobilegvSigGRASS

gvSig is running under Java ME, but lacks GPS integration and advanced tools.

GRASS has long been available for some handheld devices (2002), and is included in the Familiar Project (Linux for Handhelds such as hp iPAQ).Appears to be unsupported.


Open Source SDI Architecture

Colour scheme derived from ColorBrewer developed by Cindy Brewer at PennState University.http://www.personal.psu.edu/cab38/ColorBrewer/ColorBrewer_intro.html

GeoToolsBatikJTSPROJGEOSGDAL/OGRFDOGeoAPINTSPostGISWKT4JSharpMapGeotools.NetmonoGISuDiggvSigJUMPOpenJumpKosmodeeJUMPGeoPISTAgvSigMobile

ImageIO-EXT

WorldWindOSSIMILWISQGISGRASS

SAGACatMDEditMapWindow

DIVAGISJGrass

Mapserver MySQLMapGuide OSDeeGree

GeoServerGeoNetwork

Ka-MapChameleonCartoWebMapBuilderMapBenderOpenLayers

Spatial Data Intergrator

SEXTANTE

FOSS4G 2009: Sydney

Yearly Gathering of the Tribes

500-700 delegates

Jody [email protected]

Image Copyright: Mark LeslieQuestions?

Presentation by Jody Garnett of LISAsoft.Licensed under Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 2.5 Australiahttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/2.5/au/

Image Copyright: Mark LeslieImage License: Attribution-Noncommercial-No Derivative Works 2.5 Australia

2 December 2008

Open Source Geospatial

2 December 2008

Open Source Geospatial

2 December 2008

open source geospatial

Technology