open streetmap response-to-ebola-crisis-geong-2014-09-23

West Africa Ebola Outbreak, Profile of contribution, 2014-04-25 -- 09-12Objects edited by months of Activity with OSM before the Outbreak and days of contributionActivity in OSMNumber of ContributorsNew contributors 0-5 months 6-11 months12-23 months24 + months

01-02433784483311

03-075521826124

08-1417135838

'15-301343622

'31-4510227

46 +01016

West Africa Ebola Outbreak Contribution, 2014-03-25 to 09-12Objects editedDays of contribution to the ActivationProfile : Days of participation to the Ebola Activation / Months of contribution before the OutbreakNew contributors 0-5 months 6-11 months12-23 months24 + months

01-02181805548392241746823332503

03-071547528266826309119070648629

08-1426424815314336617106709646737

'15-3063017987252127809193997793524

'31-4512907709190484955483136

46 +06398403811551415110

Objects edited by weekOSM account before Activation (months) M A M J J A S-0'01- Coordination with various actors including OCHA, the American Red Cross, VISOV and the US State Dept Humanitarian Information Unit (HIU).

The International Charter 'Space & Major Disasters' imagery providers realigning satellites to obtain post-disaster imagery.

Our imagery specialists look for Imagery, process and host it.

A revised humanitarian mapping workflow is setup with a tagging scheme for damaged buildings and infrastructures

Adaptation of the various tools to deliver appropriate maps.

Monday 11th Nov : The European Commission released the first post-disaster imageries of Tacloban.

Wednesday 13th Nov : HIU delivers Post-disaster imagery from Digital Globe and the first Post-disaster Task Manager job is available for mappers to look at damaged buildings of Tacloban.

OSM Crowdsourcing contribution - Task Manager Jobs
Haiyan Typhoon West Africa Ebola, first 6 months
1,600 contributors / 4.5 million objects 1,333 contributors, 7.4 million objects
200 km x 200 km

Nov-Dec 2013 March Sept 2014

uMap Data : OpenStreetMap Contributors

http://umap.openstreetmap.fr/en/map/hot-yolanda-haiyan-typhoon-activation_3628#8/11.558/124.887Red : Post-disaster, blue : pre-disaster

HOT / OSM community Activation for the Haiyan Typhoon, Nov 8, 2013

This map shows grossly the affected zone. We also see the various zones remotely mapped by the OSM community from internet, coordinating via the HOT task Manager.

Ebola Outbreak, West Africa, Mar.2014

Mobilisation against an unprecedented Ebola epidemic

Deadly and very contagious epidemy

Spreads for the first time in vast regions and urban areas

Mapping helps to :Locate people in contact with infected persons

Support economic recovery

West Africa Ebola outbreak Crowdsource map of Monrovia
http://pierzen.dev.openstreetmap.org/hot/leaflet/OSM-Compare-before-after.html#14/6.3306/-10.7866

West Africa Ebola outbreak Compare OSM Google
pierzen.dev.openstreetmap.org/hot/leaflet/OSM-Compare-osm-google.html#14/6.3306/-10.7866

Ebola Outbreak Activation Workflow

,Identify Areas to map, services to provide, priorities : Coordination with CartONG / MSF, Red Cross, UN-OCHA, WHO

Interface with Field GIS officers through CartONG

Imagery acquisition, processing, host imagery on servers (OSM-Fr, HIU and Mapbox servers)

Digitize from Imagery the roads, villages outbounds, buildings

Data Imports for Administrative limits, Locality names
(OpenData needed)

Infrastructures data collection : An ecosystem to develop with humanitarians plus data preparedness programs. ODK the solution?

Support the Crowdsource mapping effort Coordination via the Task Manager, Learning material, Mapathon, Communications

Daily update for GIS analysis, Mobile devices maps and road navigation. Are also available : Online Map and Road navigation, Paper maps, FieldPapers

The OpenStreetMap response is possible with the contribution of many volunteers and supporters

Imagery providers that offer free imagery and hosting

OSM in general with his infrastructure

Remote participation of contributors from around the world

Humanitarian OpenStreetMap Team coordinators that assure the bridge between the community and the humanitarian organizations

The HOT Board and Executive that supports the coordinator actions

Support team that takes care of Imagery, Validation, Imports, learning material

Developpers

https://www.gfdrr.org/sites/gfdrr.org/files/3_JRC-Remote_Sensing.pdfDamage assesmentsWhat are the limits?Satellite images map products have limitations: due to spatial resolution, viewing configuration, non-optimal timing because of non-optimal atmospheric conditions (haze, clouds) due to errors in processing (e.g. geocoding) or interpretation (subjectivity) due to incompleteness, lack of reference data, etc.Port-au-Prince 2010 The underestimation of damages in satellite data compared to aerial imagery and field observations was striking

West Africa Ebola Outbreak

Phase 1 March 25 April 7Rapid mapping of Guckdou and the
other towns affected

5,000 places, 207,000 buildings

April 8 June 20 OSM contributors and the
humanitarian GIS in the field enhance the
map

+ 1,000 places, 35,000 buildings

Phase 2 from June 20

From August 8 At the request of WHO and UN-OCHA, the OSM community also contributes to the international program of action to support the countries affectedFrom March 25 To Sept. 12
19,560 places, 593,865 buildings, 7,358,384 objects A zone of more then
200 km x 200 km is traced

Date Contri-butors Places Buil-dingsObjects

2014-04-074035,422206,8412,072,042

2014-07-015896,927293,2353,289,431

2014-09-121,33319,560593,8657,358,384

2014-09-228,000,000

West Africa OSM map progression
we need names to color the map

Object type2012-02-122014-09-12Variation

Places1,70622,47820,772

Buildings1,799652,484650,685

Highways21,597 km32 % with name111,168 km8 % with name89,570 km

Waterways9,452 km18,641 km9189 km

Railways1,366 km1,169 km- 196 km

,

West Africa map objects, 2012-09-12

OpenStreetMap, Guinea, Liberia and Sierra Leone
Example of Objects in the OSM database, 2014-09-12

Total of Objectsincluding

7577165Nodes with no tag(part of other objects)6680184Half for the buidlings outboundOthers, to trace highway, waterway, railway, landuse, etc.

way=Building643125way=highway144620way=landuse39994node=place22140

,

Imagery to digitize essential elements

OSM has free access to all Bing High-res imagery (50 cm). But coverage is not yet complete in parts of West-Africa. Imagery acquisition was an important aspect of this activation

MSF bought imagery for the first three towns

All other images have been donated by HIU, MapBox and Airbus Defense & Space

Image search, process and hosting was done by OSM-fr, HIU and Mapbox TMS servers

Resolution of 50 cm. for most of the images let's digitize the buildings

Imagery of lower Resolution (Spot6, landsat8) was useful to complete roads and villages outbounds

Interface with field teams

CartONG / MSF have sent in march a GIS officer in West Africa to support the GIS needs. With the resurgence of the epidemy in june, three officers were sent. They provided us feedback, settlement names corrections and identification of priorities thus contributing to a better OSM response


Data Imports

For each new crisis, the problem of importing Settlement place names, administrative boundaries and vital infrastructures emerge

Given the limited technical capacities of the administration of many Development countries, there is often no georeferenced data readily available about important infrastructures such as hospitals, schools, features that can be used as shelters.

When the data is available, there are often Data access limitations or Licensing problems to use rapidly such data in context of rapid response to humanitarian needs

A plan should be developped to support governments in the development of OpenData that can be shared with humanitarian organizations in the context of humanitarian crisis

To assure that such data be imported in OpenStreetMap, the data should be accessible with standard formats of exchange and there should be no license restriction for commercial use


West Africa OSM map progression
We need names to color the map

Object type2012-02-122014-09-12Variation

Places1,70622,47820,772

Buildings1,799652,484650,685

Highways21,597 km32 % with name111,168 km8 % with name89,570 km

Waterways9,452 km18,641 km9189 km

Railways1,366 km1,169 km- 196 km

,

Infrastructures data collection

A lot of efforts are made by various organizations, coordinating with OCHA and other actors to provide geolocated data. The process is complex and there are licensing issues

Collecting the data in emergency context, licenses issues are not considered. ODK Data collection Forms could be used to feed OSM

OSM offers the possibility to develop an ecosystem very flexible where various organizations can collaborate, add edit sharable data Plan for other activations

A Plan should be implemented to assure that the Data collection is better systematized and sharableData collection methods should assure to license as OpenData (avoid using commercial geolocation tools)

New mobile devices offer new possibilities. The humanitarian organizations should plan to collect and share as OpenData

The possibility to share data stored on OpenStreetMap should be examined

OSM edit tools and Data Collection Forms for Mobile devices should be adapted to facilitate collection of humanitarian sharable data


Global Ebola Response Coalition
A vast Plan of support of national governments is underway

UN agencies, NGOs and other partners as they work on healthcare, food security, sanitation and protection issues need accurate and detailed geographic data

The international organizations recognize OpenStreetMap as the more detailed and accurate basemap

OSM place names will be used as the base for the Settlements database with unique ID pcodes

WHO boundaries will be used as the basis of the Administrative boundary with unique ID pcodes

For OSM, License restrictions limit the capacity to bring rapidly more accurate data and support the humanitarian organizations

,

Support to Crowdsource mapping initiatives

Mapping : Task Manager to coordinate / distribute tasks

ValidationTask Manager to revise what's traced in a given square

Wiki pages to support validators

Osmose and similar Tools : Verify / correct suspected errors (routing, invalid tags,etc)

Training materialLearnosm.org

Wiki pages for instructions how to map specific features

Communication channels : Email discussions, IRC, Mumble, HOT Update


OpenStreetMap crowdsource effort
Analysis of the contributors profile

OSM Experience of contributors from creation date of their account

New contributor Account opened after Mar.25 2014
0-5 months
6-12 months
13-23 months
24 months and plus

The various Diagrams will show the increasing participation of new contributors has the Activation goes on

39% of contributors 18.5% of total contributions
Over the last month, increasing participation with nearly 50% of contributions in the last few weeks
Motivating for the new contributors to start participating to OSM

,

Crowdsourcing :Profile of Contribution Mar.25 Sept 12 2014
Experience with OSM estimated from the Creation date of the account
Interesting to follow the New Contributors (account opened after Mar.25)

,

ContributorsNew contributors 0-5 months 6-11 months12-23 months24 + monthsTotal 519117621265081332 39,0%8,8%4,7%9,5%38,1%100,0%

ObjectsNew contributors 0-5 months 6-11 months12-23 months24 + monthsTotal13600614418863050569327094319639735935118,5%6,0%4,1%12,7%58,7%100,0%

Many mappers with 1-2 days. How to retain them ?

,

Most contributions comes from less then 300 contributors

,

Weekly progression Phase 1 (1-4), Phase 2 from week 14 New contributors

,

% of weekly edit contribution by Duration of OSM contrib before the Activation Significant participation of New Contributors

In percentage of contribution, we see the importance of less then a year of experience.

They account for 50% of contributions in the last weeks.

Cumulative objects Created Sept 22, 8 Millions

Cumulative data,We see

1. weekly progression of effor2. repartition of the effort quite stable among the various groups

Haiyan Typhoon Nov.8 2013

Possibly the most powerful storm ever recorded in history. For the teams that prepare to deploy :
Urgent need of Geospatial data : Base Map + Damage Assessment
A large territory with many remote islands and villages

,

Photo theguardian.com

http://www.unocha.org/top-stories/all-stories/philippines-super-typhoon-haiyan-makes-landfall-un-and-humanitarian

Haiyan Typhoon OpenStreetMap Response

Despite the lack of information and difficulty to coordinate, The first days of the Activation, quick answer from OSM, both crowdsourcing and developpersDigitize the Base Map and start Damage assessment for Tacloban

OSM Extracts for GIS Analysis, GPS and Android smartphones
(daily / hourly updates)

Adapt the Map Style and products for damage assessment

10 days after the typhoon
Humanitarian Map Style and Products available with Damaged buildings (orange) and Collapsed buildings (red)

All derived maps can use it

FieldPapers Paper Maps with grid for field survey,

MapOSMatic Large Paper Maps with grid, street index and POI and

Osmose Validation / Correction tool.

Maps to support field survey, to detect zones with infrastructures at risk

Truck drivers find new roads when road blockages / Debris

OSM database and Maps updated to the minute

Nov.7, Andrew Buck invites the HOT community. 10,000 buildings traced in Tacloban.

Sunday 10th Nov: HOT official Activation > Coordination with various actors including OCHA, the American Red Cross, VISOV and the US State Dept Humanitarian Information Unit (HIU).

The International Charter 'Space & Major Disasters' imagery providers realigning satellites to obtain post-disaster imagery.

Our imagery specialists look for Imagery, process and host it.

A revised humanitarian mapping workflow is setup with a tagging scheme for damaged buildings and infrastructures

Adaptation of the various tools to deliver appropriate maps.

Monday 11th Nov : The European Commission released the first post-disaster imageries of Tacloban.

Wednesday 13th Nov : HIU delivers Post-disaster imagery from Digital Globe and the first Post-disaster Task Manager job is available for mappers to look at damaged buildings of Tacloban.

Haiyan Typhoon Damage Assessments was not succesful because of technical limits. How to do better next time?

UNOSAT, European Copernicus, OpenStreetMap and probably other groupsCoordination of the various groups, both UNOSAT, Copernicus, OpenStreetMap and others, common methodology, distribution of areas to map

Account for the limits of aerial imagery. Assessment from imagery is a first step to prioritize the areas of intervention

Field assessment is necessary to evaluate individual buildings

Assure to have both Pre and Post Imagery for all the areas to cover, ideally both from the same source (better alignment of features)

In the context of a meteo related disaster, Imagery of 50 cm of poor quality do not let evaluate with high precision the damages

Necessity to coordinate and prepare before disasters, have clear methodology,
goals and coordination between the various organizations; this was already
proposed after Haiti

Rapid access to Imagery Archive Catalogs of Imagery Providers for better response

For more granularity and flexibility, Civil Drone or Oblique images could come to the
rescue

Assessing damages in the context of weather related disasters

Post-disaster image, Tacloban taken in bad weather conditionsDigitalGlobe, 50 cm

Post-disaster image, Tacloban flight at some 150 meters, under the cloud coverageCivil Drone, 4cm


Tacloban, Civil Drone, Post-Disaster DETAIL

OpenStreetMap Tools and Services
In the context of Activations


Tasking Manager Organizing the Mapping effort

Partition the effort / Control simultaneous access

Instructions, links to editors

Confirm completion / Validate / Invalidate

Assures complete coverage; Monitors progress

Follow contributors

Crowdsourced volunteer efforts work most efficiently when there is an organizing force behind the work
www.e-education.psu.edu

http://umap.openstreetmap.fr/en/map/hot-yolanda-haiyan-typhoon-activation_3628#8/11.558/124.887Red : Post-disaster, blue : pre-disaster

HOT / OSM community Activation for the Haiyan Typhoon, Nov 8, 2013

This map shows grossly the affected zone. We also see the various zones remotely mapped by the OSM community from internet, coordinating via the HOT task Manager.

Tasking Manager tasks.hotosm.org
Interacts with Editor tools

Square highlights
zone to map
Automatic download
of existing data

JOSM RemoteControl

Since Haiti we've formed the Humanitarian OpenStreetMap Team, and got organised in various ways.

We've developed some tools and processes including the Tasking Manager at http://tasks.hotosm.org .

The idea is to help new users see an answer to the question Where do I start mapping?. It's also a coordination tool for the community. Mappers click on a square to acquire it, open the area in an OpenStreetMap editor, and click done when they've finished mapping.

ID : Online easy editing

To get lots of people involved we try to make the editing process very simple. It is a form of GIS (Geographic Information System) and it does involve editing vectors, so it's always going to be a little bit complicated, but we try to simplifying it down as much as possible

OpenStreetMapHumanitarian Style

Transport Style ---> Minimal

Osmose : Quality control

Query Tools : Overpass Service, Building and Road status visualization using Overpass OSM Extract Queries

http://overpass-turbo.eu/s/1xj https://wiki.openstreetmap.org/wiki/Damaged_buildings_crisis_mapping

HOT Exports

Exports in various formats for Gis Analysis

Derived OSM Maps OSM layers are integrated in various products

IOM personal Joe Lowry CCBYSA2.0 http://flic.kr/p/hHMxee

You should see people's faces light up when we arrive with a load of OpenStreetMap posters

Dale Kunce American Red Cross

American Red Cross. Used with permission https://twitter.com/RedCross/status/401088520481042432

And here's the maps in use in the Philippines. Various aid agencies decided to print map posters from OpenStreetMap.

The Red Cross can be seen here on the right doing some big printouts. They also got involved in actually contributing to the map. The British Red cross had a team of volunteers in their office here in the London, adding data following the same community processes as the rest of us.

In general we've seen more buy-in from aid agencies, and more up-front participation. Whereas in Haiti in 2010 they seemed to discover OpenStreetMap by surprise, with this response we see them going straight to OpenStreetMap, and pro-actively taking part in a process of improving the maps.

Impact Maps (Ushahidi or the like)
Visov https://haiyan.crowdmap.com/

https://haiyan.crowdmap.com/

Crowdmap Crisis Mapping Tool

This site collected pictures of damages in this vast territory with many isolated islands.

Haiyan Typhoon Navigation data
Robert Banick, Red Cross

When I was in Tacloban, I ran into a Red Cross team handing out relief supplies. They told me that OpenStreetMapwhich we loaded onto their GPS devices as they deployedwas super useful. The maps saved them from getting lost or wasting time when they had to reroute off damaged roads. They were able to give directions to Filipino drivers. It all leads to more efficient delivery of supplies to people affected by Typhoon Haiyan.

Wireless tools
OSMTracker for Android

Download OSM Background

Edit Offline, save tracks, update with JOSM

add note

Wireless tools
OsmAnd, Route Details

Ebola Outbreak Wiki coordination
https://wiki.openstreetmap.org/wiki/2014_West_Africa_Ebola_Response





Ebola Outbreak Crowdsourcing
Contributor follow-up

West Africa Ebola Outbreak

OpenStreetMap Export Services Daily updates


Crowdsourcing geospatial data

Haiti , 2010 (600 mappers, 1.3 million objects approx.)Philippines, Nov.2013 (1,600 mappers, 4.5 million objects)Ebola Outbreak, West Africa, Mar.25 Sept.12 2014
(1,333 mappers, 7,358,384 objects)
8 Millions objects Sept.22Extracts for GIS Analysis : Daily updates

Navigation data for rescue teams : Daily updates (Garmin and OSMAnd Android)

MSF Geospatial tools should be part of the answer for future epidemics

Haiti 2010 revealed how mature was the OSM platform and communityMajor impact of remote volunteers mapping to support UN Agencies and humanitarian organizations

C. Heipke / ISPRS Journal of Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing 65 (2010)

http://www.earthzine.org/2011/03/23/remote-sensing-based-post-disaster-damage-mapping-%E2%80%93-ready-for-a-collaborative-approach/

West Africa Ebola Outbreak, from March 2014
Response Coordination and support

Pierre Bland amd Andrew Buck; Jean-Guilhem Cailton for imagery support; support team for various actions

Coordination with CartONG/MSF, Red Cross, WHO, UN-OCHA and DHN partners

Support from HIU, MapBox, Airbus Defense&Space for imagery requests

Support from the OSM community, developpers and contributors


open streetmap response-to-ebola-crisis-geong-2014-09-23

Presentations & Public Speaking