OPENINGS

Doors & Windows

BUILDING CONSTRUCTION AND TECHNOLOGY - II

II SEM.

B.ARCHITECTURE

LAXMI INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTURE 1

ABOUT DOORS & WINDOWS

• Connect the interior of a building/house to the

outdoors.

• Ventilation & Daylight.

• Aesthetic element.

Doors Provides:

• Privacy

• Safety/Security

• Beauty

• Light (with glazing in door)

• Link between Internal Parts of

Building.

Window Provides:

• Light

• Energy

• Beauty

• Ventilation

• View of outside

MaterialsWood, Glass, Playwood

and Metal.

LAXMI INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTURE 2

LAXMI INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTURE 3

DOORS

LOCATION OF DOOR

• Opposite wall for air circulation.

• Near to the corner ( Proper space Utilization)

• Functional requirement of the room.

• No of doors should be minimum as per requirement.

SIZE OF DOOR

• Door of residential building

• External Door 1000 x 2000

• Internal Door 900 x 2000

• Bath wc door 800 x 2000

• Door of Public Building

• School, Hospital, Library 1200 x 2000,2100

• Door Garrage of Car

• 2250 x 2250

LAXMI INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTURE 4

DOORS

Framework of wood, steel, aluminum, glass or a combination of these materials

secured in an opening left in a wall for the purpose of providing access to the

users of the structure.

Door Consist of two parts

• Frame

• Shutter ( Leaf )

SHUTTER

FRAME

LAXMI INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTURE 5

DOORS

DOOR FRAME

Door Frame Consist of two parts

• Jamb of Post

• Head

And Holdfast

Size of Door Frame

• In case of single shutter door 60mm x 100mm

• In case of double shutter door 60mm x 120-140mm

Head projected out by 7cm from the Jamb, the projected portion

is called as Horn.

LAXMI INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTURE 6

DOOR FRAME

HEAD

JAMB /

POST

HOLDFAST

Floor Level

HORN

REBATE

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DOORS

Door Frame Consist of two Material

• Steel

• Timber

DOOR FRAME

Before fixing, all portions of the frame which will come in contact

with masonry, are painted with thick coat of coaltar or by any

approved type of primer.

Timber Door FrameSteel Door Frame

LAXMI INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTURE 8

DOOR SHUTTER (LEAF)

TOP RAIL

BOTTOM RAIL

RAILSSTYLE

PANEL

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DOORS

Depends upon

• Type of material used

• Arrangement of different component

• Method of construction

• Nature of working operation

TYPE OF DOORS

CLASSIFICATION OF DOORS

1. Battened and ledged Door

2. Battened ledged and braced

Door

3. Battened, ledged, braced and

framed door.

4. Framed and panelled doors.

5. Glazed or sash Door.

6. Flush Door.

7. Fly proof Door.

8. Revolving Door.

9. Sliding Door.

10.Swing Door.

11.Collapsible steel Door.

12.Rolling steel shutter door.

13.Rolling grill door.

14.M.S. sheet door.

15.Fire check Door.

LAXMI INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTURE 10

DOORS

• Simplest form of door

• Commonly used in narrow opening.

1. BATTENED & LEDGED DOOR

This type of door uses in W.C., Bathroom, where

economy is more concern rather than appearance and

security.

T-Hinge

Lock ledge

Battens are 75 – 100 mm x 20 mm

Top ledge 100mm x 25 – 30 mm

Middle & bottom ledge

175 to 200mm x 25 – 30 mm

LAXMI INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTURE 11

DOORS

• Improved form of battened and ledge door.

• Two additional inclined members are provided

2. BATTENED LEDGED & BRACED DOOR

This type of door uses in wider

opening where economy is

more concern rather than

appearance and security.

Battens 100 – 175 mm x 20 mm

Ledges 175 - 225 x 25 – 30 mm

Braces 125 – 175 mm x 25 – 30 mm

LAXMI INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTURE 12

DOORS

• Considered superior in strength, durability, and appearance.

3. BATTENED, LEDGED, BRACED & FRAMED DOOR.

This type of door uses in

external use as well as in

situations where the door is

likely to be subjected to rough

handing.

LAXMI INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTURE 13

DOORS

• Commonly used.

• Shutter of door consist Style, Rail and Panel.

• Door may me Single, Double, Three ,Four or Six panel as per

requirement.

4. FRAMED AND PANELLED DOORS.

• Centre of Lock rail is mm above.

• Panel (3 to 5cm thick)

• Timber

• Plywood

• Width of Style is 10cm.

• Bottom & Lock rail is 15cm wide.

LAXMI INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTURE 14

DOORS

• Provides Natural Lights.

• Instead of panel there is a glazing.

5. GLAZED OR SASH DOOR.

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DOORS

1. Solid Core type Flush Door

2. Cellular core type flush Door.

3. Hollow core type flush door.

6. FLUSH DOOR

1. Solid Core type Flush Door

Such doors are quite strong but heavy

and require more material. Solid-core

doors provide

better sound insulation and have less

tendency to warp.

Core consist of Soft Wood Strips

or block board or particle

board.

Cross Band

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DOORS

6. FLUSH DOOR

2. Cellular core type flush Door

• The frame is made up of styles and top and

bottom rail.

• The space is filled with closely spaced battens of

minimum 25 mm width such that the void area

does not exceed 0.25 sq. m.

• Thus, the total area of voids should not exceed

40% of the area of the shutter.

LAXMI INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTURE 17

DOORS

6. FLUSH DOOR

3. Hollow core type flush Door

• The frame is made up of styles and

top and bottom rail (75 mm

Width.)

• The space is filled with closely

spaced battens of minimum 25

mm width such that the void area

does not exceed 0.5 sq. m.

• Plywood/veneers and cross bands

can be glued from both sides. The

thickness of plywood should not

be less than 6 mm.

LAXMI INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTURE 18

DOORS

7. FLY PROOF DOOR

This type of door is used

to avoid flies, mosquitoes

and insects inside building.

G.I. wire mess is fixed by

nail and beading.

Commonly provided

for kitchens, canteens,

refreshment room,

cupboard of storing

food, sweets, meat ect.

LAXMI INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTURE 19

DOORS

8. REVOLVING DOOR

SUCH TYPES ARE PROVIDED IN PUBLIC BUILDINGS, LIKE

BANKS, MUSEUMS, HOTELS, OFFICES ETC.

LAXMI INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTURE 20

DOORS

9. SLIDING DOORS

SUCH TYPES ARE SUITABLE FOR SHOPS,

SHED, GODOWN AND GARRAGE ETC.

LAXMI INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTURE 21

DOORS

10. SWING DOORS

• The shutter is fitted to its frame by special double

action hinges

• The hinges permits the shutter to move both ways,

inward as well as outward.

• The doors are not rebated at the meeting styles.

• To open the door, a slight push is made and the

spring action brings the shutter in closed position.

LAXMI INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTURE 22

DOORS

11. COLLAPSIBLE STEEL DOOR.

Recommended where light, ventilation and Security is required.

Door essentially consist of

vertical double channels,

each of 20 x 10 x 2mm in

size and spaced 10 to 12

cm apart.

Channels are braced with

diagonal flat iron of

20mmwide and 5mm

thick.

LAXMI INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTURE 23

DOORS

12 & 13. ROLLING STEEL/GRILL SHUTTER DOOR .

Recommended where

security is concern.

Guide channels are use of

mild steel and deep enough

to hold the door.

When there are door

opening is more than

10sq.m gearbox with

handle is required for

opening and closing of

doors.

LAXMI INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTURE 24

DOORS

14. M.S. SHEET DOOR

• Provided where high degree of protection and safety

is required.

• Door is normally provided with two shutter.

• Door frame and styles and rail maid with Steel

sections.

• This type of doors recommended for Railway

goods shed, garages, godowns etc.

LAXMI INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTURE 25

DOORS

15 Fire check door.

Door for fire Protection.

Two Type

• Steel Plate Door

• Metal Covered door

STEEL PLATE DOOR

Shutter made of 6mmthick steel plate.

The arrangement of Style Rail and steel plate should be such that the

thickness of the door is 18mm or more.

METAL COVERED DOOR

Core made of Seasoned Tick wood or Yellow Pined wood.

Core is incased in a steel sheet and ensured that it does not ignite.

LAXMI INSTITUTE OF ARCHITECTURE 26

THANK YOU….