operating system part ii: introduction to the unix operating system (the evolution of unix)
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Operating System Part II: Introduction to the Unix Operating System (The Evolution of Unix)](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071808/56649efc5503460f94c101c0/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Operating System
Part II: Introduction to the Unix Operating System (The Evolution of Unix)
![Page 2: Operating System Part II: Introduction to the Unix Operating System (The Evolution of Unix)](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071808/56649efc5503460f94c101c0/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Introduction to the Unix Operating System
The Evolution of Unix Utilities and Shell Programming Systems Calls
![Page 3: Operating System Part II: Introduction to the Unix Operating System (The Evolution of Unix)](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071808/56649efc5503460f94c101c0/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
The Evolution of Unix
First version was developed by Ken Thompson (1969) being part of the Research Group in Bell Laboratories
Developed in PDP-7 (which was idle at that time)
Soon joined by Dennis Ritchie (worked on MULTICS)
![Page 4: Operating System Part II: Introduction to the Unix Operating System (The Evolution of Unix)](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071808/56649efc5503460f94c101c0/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
The Evolution of Unix
Thompson and Ritchie worked for so many years
Moved to PDP-11/20 for the second version Third version: used C (developed in Bell Labs
to support Unix) instead of assembly language
![Page 5: Operating System Part II: Introduction to the Unix Operating System (The Evolution of Unix)](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071808/56649efc5503460f94c101c0/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
The Evolution of Unix
Multiprogramming and other enhancements added when the system moved to PDP-11/45 and PDP-11/70 (both hardware support multiprogramming)
Version 6 (1976): first version distributed outside of Bell Labs
![Page 6: Operating System Part II: Introduction to the Unix Operating System (The Evolution of Unix)](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071808/56649efc5503460f94c101c0/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
The Evolution of Unix
Version 7 (1978)– Developed for the PDP-11/70 and Interdata 8/32– Considered “ancestor” of most modern Unix
systems– Also ported to VAX (appeared as 32V)
![Page 7: Operating System Part II: Introduction to the Unix Operating System (The Evolution of Unix)](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071808/56649efc5503460f94c101c0/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
The Evolution of Unix
Because of clean design of early Unix Systems– Led to Unix-based work at other computer science
organizations Rand, University of Illinois, Harvard, Purdue University of California in Berkeley (most influential non-
Bell, non-AT&T)
![Page 8: Operating System Part II: Introduction to the Unix Operating System (The Evolution of Unix)](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071808/56649efc5503460f94c101c0/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
The Evolution of Unix
1978– First Berkeley VAX Unix work (addition of virtual
memory, demand paging, & page replacement to 32V
– Bill Joy & Ozalp Babaoglu worked together to produce 3BSD (BSD - Berkeley Software Distributions) Unix
– First implementation of such functionality– Allowed large programs to run in Unix
![Page 9: Operating System Part II: Introduction to the Unix Operating System (The Evolution of Unix)](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071808/56649efc5503460f94c101c0/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
The Evolution of Unix
Memory management work convinced DARPA (Dept. of Advanced Researched Projects Agency) to fund Berkeley
Develop standard system for government use
![Page 10: Operating System Part II: Introduction to the Unix Operating System (The Evolution of Unix)](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071808/56649efc5503460f94c101c0/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
The Evolution of Unix
Project led to release of 4BSD– Supported by notable people from Unix &
networking community– One of the goals is provide networking for DARPA
Internet networking protocols (TCP/IP)
![Page 11: Operating System Part II: Introduction to the Unix Operating System (The Evolution of Unix)](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071808/56649efc5503460f94c101c0/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
The Evolution of Unix
Release 4.2BSD– Possible to communicate among diverse network
facilities (LANs, WANs)– Adopted features from contemporary O/S (new user
interface -- C shell, new text editor -- vi, etc.)– Culmination of original Berkeley DARPA Unix
project
![Page 12: Operating System Part II: Introduction to the Unix Operating System (The Evolution of Unix)](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071808/56649efc5503460f94c101c0/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
The Evolution of Unix
Release 4.2BSD (continued)– Reason for current popularity of mentioned
protocols– 1984 -> 60 connected networks– 1993 -> 8,000 connected networks, 10 million users
![Page 13: Operating System Part II: Introduction to the Unix Operating System (The Evolution of Unix)](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071808/56649efc5503460f94c101c0/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
The Evolution of Unix
1993 -> 4.4 BSD– last Berkeley release– includes x.25 networking, new file system
organization, enhanced security, improved kernel structure
– Berkeley stopped its research after this release
![Page 14: Operating System Part II: Introduction to the Unix Operating System (The Evolution of Unix)](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071808/56649efc5503460f94c101c0/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
The Evolution of Unix
Currently not limited to Bell, AT&T, Berkeley Moved to many different computers
– Sun Microsystems ported BSD to their workstations– DEC - Ultrix, OSF/1– Microsoft Xenix; Windows/NT heavily influenced by
Unix– Santa Cruz Operations - SCO Unix (PCs); Linux
(Red Hat, Caldera, etc.)
![Page 15: Operating System Part II: Introduction to the Unix Operating System (The Evolution of Unix)](https://reader036.vdocuments.net/reader036/viewer/2022071808/56649efc5503460f94c101c0/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
The Evolution of Unix
Many standardization projects for Unix environments
IEEE, ISO, ANSI, etc. 1989: ANSI standardized C programming
language (ANSI C)