operational realities of a large office & research campus microgrids
DESCRIPTION
The day-to-day realities of micro grid operation and energy reliability by Honeywell's Phil Smith, Director of Federal Project Development.TRANSCRIPT
Operational Realities of a Large Office/Research Campus Microgrid
Phil SmithMarch 14, 2013
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Case Study - White Oak Microgrid
• GSA/FDA White Oak Overview• Keys to Success
– Partnership
– Innovation
– Reliability
– Flexibility
– Value
• Procurement
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White Oak Microgrid
Definition White Oak FDA Microgrid
Local Power Generation • 26MW power supply (currently being expanded to 55MW to handle the installation’s peak load)
• Leverage waste heat (CHP) to condition buildings
• Puts more power on the grid than it takes off
Co-exist with the utility • Works in parallel with Pepco under a three-party Interconnect Agreement.
• Participate in demand response events• Utilize spinning reserve to maintain energy
surety
Can operate totally independent of utility grid (islanding capability)
Operate mission critical functions independent of Pepco, enabling FDA to continue operations regardless of what happens outside the campus
Ability to manage and control your local load • Match load to supply•Ability to make power purchase decisions
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FDA White Oak Challenge
Mission: •Campus integrates FDA’s functions to increase scientific synergy and collaboration. • Protect consumers from unsafe products, address threats before they arise, and help deliver safer foods and safer, more effective medical therapies.
Requires an islanded microgrid to meet GSA/FDA
requirements
Requires an islanded microgrid to meet GSA/FDA
requirements
Needs:• Energy Security • Energy Surety• Energy Efficiency & Renewable Energy
Mandates• Ability to expand as campus expands
Challenges:• Budget constraints (New Construction
ESPC)• Ability to balance sometimes conflicting
needs• Aging utility infrastructure
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ESPC I & II Major Physical Features
• 27,000 Square Foot Central Plant• Electrical Generation
– One – 5.8 MW reciprocating engine (dual fuel)– Four - 4.5 MW turbine-generators (nat. gas only)– One - 2.0 MW diesel black-start generator
• Chilled Water– Two – 1,100 Ton Absorption Chillers– Centrifugals (2 @ 1,100 tons + 3 @ 2,000 tons)
• Dual-fuel Hot Water Back-up Boilers– Three – 10 MMBtu/Hr (one 25 KPPH)
• 25KW Fixed & 5KW Tracking PV Array
Master Plan Square Footage Campus Population
1997 2,100,000 6,000
2006 3,200,000 7,500
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ESPC III – Major Physical Features
• 57,000 Square Foot Central Plant• Electrical Generation
– Two - 7.5 MW turbine-generators (dual fuel)– One - 4.5 MW turbine-generator (natural gas only)– One - 5 MW steam turbine-generator– Two - 2.25 MW diesel black-start generators
• Chilled Water (3 @ 2,500 tons + 1 relocated)• Thermal Energy Storage (2 million gal)• Heat Recovery Steam Generators (132,000 lbh)• Dual-fuel Steam Back-up Boiler (one 25 KPPH)• Heating Hot Water Converters (112 MMBTUH)
Master Plan Square Footage Campus Population
2009 3,900,000 9,000
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Optimization – Key to Success
Additional Value:
•Expanded Auto Load Shed Scheme•Additional Dual-fuel Generation Assets•Combined Heat and Power – maximizing BTUs•Interconnect agreements with the utility
Honeywell, GSA and FDA work together to operate the facility in the best interest of the Government.
Honeywell, GSA and FDA work together to operate the facility in the best interest of the Government.
Initial Strategy
Near continuous operation of engine-generator
Current Operations
Real-time “make or buy” decision based upon cost of natural gas, electric tariff, campus loads vs. engine & cogeneration efficiencies
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White Oak: Collaboration of Major Stakeholders
Department of Energy (DOE)
IN ASSOCIATION WITHIN ASSOCIATION WITH
Honeywell assists GSA in dealings with Pepco & the Regulatory Community
Honeywell assists GSA in dealings with Pepco & the Regulatory Community
Developer/Host
Tenant
Federal Client IN ASSOCIATION WITH
Campus A-E Designers
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Innovative ECMs
Instituted capability to participate in Pepco Gold Days putting power back on the grid when requested.Eliminated peak load charges as well.
Automated Demand Response
(Auto DR)
Quantified above standard efficiency in new buildings, purchased equipment and provided funding.
Combined Heat and Power (CHP)
Waste heat utilized to heat/cool buildings. More BTUs for every KW.
BiofuelsAdding capability to use biofuels for fuel flexibility for energy
security and increasing options if natural gas prices increase.
Lowered total energy consumption through both innovative and traditional ECMs throughout the entire
campus.
Lowered total energy consumption through both innovative and traditional ECMs throughout the entire
campus.
Chilled Water Thermal Energy
Storage
Water supply was single point of failure – needed to keep cooling towers operational. Chilled Water Storage connected to towers
mitigating risk.
New Construction
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Reliability Enhancements
Electricity Produced Blue -CUP generators
Red - photovoltaic arrays
MW
hrs
• Utility Service Enhancements– Physical and Functional Separation of Utility Generation Systems– Electrical Bus Ties between Central Utility Plants (CUP) 1 and 2– Dual Distribution Loop for redundancy
• Two additional Black Start Generators• CUP and Building Level Load Shed• Thermal Energy Storage
– Electrical load shed of chillers– Backup water supply
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Reliability Metrics
Uptime over the last 12 months is > 99.999%.
Redundancy provided for all critical systems.
Islanded, either automatically or manually, 47 times over the past 18 months. Operations have not been interrupted for any weather related events.
On a yearly basis more power is supplied to Pepco than Pepco supplies to the White Oak Campus.
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The Benefits
• Annual Energy Savings– Current: 640,000 MMBtu– Under Construction: 275,000 MMBtu
• Pollution Prevention (annual)
– Current: 50,000 metric tons CO2-equivalent
– Under Construction: 22,000 metric tons CO2-equivalent
• Co-Generation reduces GSA NCR Demand– Response during “Gold Days” (approximately 22
MW currently; nearly 33 MWpost-ESPC III Base)
• Rainwater Harvesting – Makeup water for cooling towers
30% Reduction from Baseline
Equivalent to 15,000 Cars Removed from
Road
$3M in Demand Savings and
Program Participation
Good water stewardship
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Summary of Benefits
• Reduced first-cost to Government • Reduced recurring costs to Government • More energy efficient campus • Fixed accountability for systems performance • Flexibility to meet evolving program requirements • Adaptive re-use of historic structures • Demand response capability ($ to GSA)• Ability to continue mission independent of the grid • Enhanced Energy Security