opportunities in the green economy - oecd · opportunities in the green economy oecd world forum...
TRANSCRIPT
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Dr. Jay Koo
President & CEO of SK Energy
Opportunities In The Green Economy
OECD World ForumBUSAN, KOREA 2009
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• Energy & Environmental Challenges
• Green Growth Initiatives
• Green Technologies at SK Energy
• Concluding Remarks
3
Energy Demand
Hydrocarbon Energy Supply
Population Not just CO2!Water, landGlobal GDP
EnvironmentalIssues
Plenty of oil,but not "easy"
1 2 3
Living standards
Energy Challenges
• Three hard truths
4
International Actions Under Way
New Energy Plan („09)
Increase renewable energy for electricity: 10% („12), 25% („25)
Raise vehicle fuel efficiency: 35.5 mpg („16)
“Climate-Energy Package” Legislative Act („08)
Increase renewable energy: 20% („20)
Reduce CO2: 20% (‟20)
“Cool Earth 50” („07) & Hatoyama‟s Plans („09)
Develop 21 core technologies for low-carbon society
Reduce CO2: 25% (‟20)
Green Growth Vision („09)
Increase renewable energy: 11% („30)
Reduce CO2: To be announced
• Wider involvement, tighter restriction (Copenhagen, 2009)
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Clean coal ($2.2T, „30)
Biofuels($120B, „20)
(P)HEV/EV($1.4T, ‟30)
Wind, PV, etc.($1.0T, ‟30)
CDM($15B, ‟15)
Water($1.5T, ‟15)
Morgan Stanley
Point Carbon
GWI (Global Water Intelligence)
Monitor Group
Monitor Group
EPRI
Opportunities In Green Growth
• Exploring of opportunities in climate change and energy crisis
The “green race” is on
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• Core green technology development
Korea‟s Green Growth Initiatives
Solar cells,
Evolutionary water
reactor
LED lighting,
Batteries
High
EfficiencyClean Energy
Sources
(P)HEV/EV, FCV,
Eco-cities
Greening
Industry·Space
Environmental
Protection·
Resource Circulation
Climate change
forecasting,
CCS
Zero-pollution
Economic
Activity
Convergence
Contents
27 Core TechnologiesSource: Presidential
Committee on Green Growth
SK Energy‟s Focus on Green Growth Technologies
IncreaseEfficiency
ExpandSupply
Mitigate Emissions
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Expand Supply
Increase Efficiency
Mitigate Emissions
Clean CoalBiofuels Solar Cells
CO2-to-chemicals
CO2-to-polymers
Hydrogen
Hydrogen Low Carbon OperationAutomobile Electrification Smart Grid
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Coal distribution & reserves
Unit: Billion Barrel Oil Equivalent
Feed
Availability
CostEnviron-
ment
EnergyTriangle
• 3x more coal than oil, even distribution • High CAPEX, high CO2 emissions
1) R/P: Reserve-to-Production Ratio Source: BP, “Statistical Review of World Energy”, 2008
Abundant
Affordable Clean
Breakthrough technology required to develop clean coal
Clean Coal Technology
5,012
1,427 1,430
Coal Oil Gas
R/P: 133
R/P: 42 R/P: 60
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Clean Coal Technology
• The challenge use low-grade coal, reduce CO2
• Now high-grade coal needed, high CO2 generated
$50 / ton
(High CO2)C+O2 CO2
C+CO2 2COC+H2O CO+H2
Current
Technology
1,500℃
High-grade
coal
SynCrude
Electricity
Chemicals
SynGas(CO+H2)
$10 / ton
Breakthrough
TechnologyLow-grade
coal(Low CO2)C+O2 CO2
C+CO2 2COC+H2O CO+H21,200℃
10
Biofuel Technology
Edible crops: diminishes food supply Inedible crops: diminishes farm land
• Bioethanol: the primary biofuel today- US: 4% („07) 16% („20), EU: 2% („07) 17% („20)
• Low calorific value (2/3 that of oil)
• Gasoline pipeline transport impossible (water solubility)
Edible crops Inedible crops
Feed
Availability
Affordable Clean
EnergyTriangle
Limitation of bioethanolIssues withBioethanol
Biobuthanol
Red Algae
Marine-basedbiomass
Issues with land-based biomass
Abundant
Low calory Incomparability
Technical Solutions
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Battery Technology
Electri-city
Fossil fuel
Fossil fuel
Electri-cityElectri-
city
Fossil fuel
10
21
42
(fuel eff.: km/l)
Internalcombustion
vehicles
Hybrid vehicles
Plug-in1
hybrids (PHEV)Electric vehicles
170% of US vehicles travel less than 30miles/day on average, 2Based on gasoline at $1.60/liter and electricity at $0.08/kwh,,
“ Electric vehicles in Korea will operate at 1/10 the cost of gasoline powered vehicles2 ”
• Li-ion batteries: the key to automobile electrification
700M Vehicles (‘08) 1.2B (‘30) 6.6B Population (‘08) 8.1B (‘30)Source: UN, 2009
• Vehicles: 41% of oil demand & 13% of GHG emissions
Source: Multi-path transportation futures study, DOE, 2007
World o
il co
nsu
mption (M
BPD
)
41.1%46.5%
49.5% 51.9%55.5%
59.9%
Source: IEA World Energy Outlook 2006
Transportation
Industrial
Others
Transportation (13%)
Agr./Waste
(16%)
Industry(23%)
Forestry(18%)
Power(10%)
Buildings(7%)
Power (Ind.)(8%)
Others(5%)
Source: complemented LULUCF with IEA & IPCC data, 2005
GHGGeneration
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Applications
BatterySystem
• SK Energy makes the key components
Battery Technology
Challenges
• Li-ion batteries to meet performance, safety & cost requirements
Energy Storage
Automotive
PHEV/EV
e
BMS: Battery Management System, ESS: Energy storage System
SKE‟s Key Technologies
Electrode
Separator
Cell/Pack
BMS
Performance, Safety, Cost
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• Relative strengths over conventional polymers
- Clean burning: no soot or toxic gas
- Superior optical properties
- Superior barrier properties (O2, H2O)
- Less expensive to make
- Potential applications
CO2-derived Polymer Technology
Other PolymersCO2 Polymer
After 2 weeks
PO(Propylene oxide)
O
O
O
44%CO2
ProprietaryCatalyst
• Technical approaches: CCS CCU (Carbon Conversion & Utilization)
Engineeringplastics
Wrappingfilm
Foodcontainers