options for harvesting corn stover for supplemental feed · microsoft powerpoint -...
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![Page 1: Options for Harvesting Corn Stover for Supplemental Feed · Microsoft PowerPoint - WDE~New~2007-Shinners.ppt Author: Lori Bocher Created Date: 10/17/2007 8:52:48 AM](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022050110/5f47870efbca911cf90e1646/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
World Dairy Expo
Options for Harvesting Corn Stover for Supplemental Feed
Kevin Shinners
University of Wisconsin
![Page 2: Options for Harvesting Corn Stover for Supplemental Feed · Microsoft PowerPoint - WDE~New~2007-Shinners.ppt Author: Lori Bocher Created Date: 10/17/2007 8:52:48 AM](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022050110/5f47870efbca911cf90e1646/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
World Dairy Expo
• Why consider corn stover :
High feed costs
Abundant – 10 million tons in WI
Relatively low cost
High in effective fiber
Reduces residue
Introduction
![Page 3: Options for Harvesting Corn Stover for Supplemental Feed · Microsoft PowerPoint - WDE~New~2007-Shinners.ppt Author: Lori Bocher Created Date: 10/17/2007 8:52:48 AM](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022050110/5f47870efbca911cf90e1646/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
World Dairy Expo
• Important issues with corn stover :
How to harvest, store and feed
Cost
Right feed additives
Introduction
![Page 4: Options for Harvesting Corn Stover for Supplemental Feed · Microsoft PowerPoint - WDE~New~2007-Shinners.ppt Author: Lori Bocher Created Date: 10/17/2007 8:52:48 AM](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022050110/5f47870efbca911cf90e1646/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
World Dairy Expo
• How corn stover can be used :
Effective fiber source @ 2 – 5% of dietary DM
Feed for non-lactating and beef animals
Bedding
Biomass feedstock
Introduction
![Page 5: Options for Harvesting Corn Stover for Supplemental Feed · Microsoft PowerPoint - WDE~New~2007-Shinners.ppt Author: Lori Bocher Created Date: 10/17/2007 8:52:48 AM](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022050110/5f47870efbca911cf90e1646/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
World Dairy Expo
• What are stover yields?
Rough rule of thumb:
1 : 1 ratio with grain weight
Every 35 bu ~ 1 ton stover
140 bu/ac ~ 4 ton/ac
Introduction
![Page 6: Options for Harvesting Corn Stover for Supplemental Feed · Microsoft PowerPoint - WDE~New~2007-Shinners.ppt Author: Lori Bocher Created Date: 10/17/2007 8:52:48 AM](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022050110/5f47870efbca911cf90e1646/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
World Dairy Expo
Dry Bale Harvesting
![Page 7: Options for Harvesting Corn Stover for Supplemental Feed · Microsoft PowerPoint - WDE~New~2007-Shinners.ppt Author: Lori Bocher Created Date: 10/17/2007 8:52:48 AM](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022050110/5f47870efbca911cf90e1646/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
World Dairy Expo
Dry Stack Harvesting
![Page 8: Options for Harvesting Corn Stover for Supplemental Feed · Microsoft PowerPoint - WDE~New~2007-Shinners.ppt Author: Lori Bocher Created Date: 10/17/2007 8:52:48 AM](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022050110/5f47870efbca911cf90e1646/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
World Dairy Expo
• Issues with bale and stacker systems:
Slow field drying :
Low ambient temps, short day length
Short harvesting window
Frequent weather delays
Dry Stover Issues
![Page 9: Options for Harvesting Corn Stover for Supplemental Feed · Microsoft PowerPoint - WDE~New~2007-Shinners.ppt Author: Lori Bocher Created Date: 10/17/2007 8:52:48 AM](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022050110/5f47870efbca911cf90e1646/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
World Dairy Expo
15%
30%
45%
60%
75%
90%
26-Aug 2-Sep 9-Sep 16-Sep 23-Sep 30-Sep 7-Oct 14-Oct
Moi
stur
e .
.. %
w.b
.
Grain
Stover
Stover Moisture
![Page 10: Options for Harvesting Corn Stover for Supplemental Feed · Microsoft PowerPoint - WDE~New~2007-Shinners.ppt Author: Lori Bocher Created Date: 10/17/2007 8:52:48 AM](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022050110/5f47870efbca911cf90e1646/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
World Dairy Expo
Stover Drying
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
2-Oct 4-Oct 6-Oct 8-Oct 10-Oct
Moi
stur
e .
.. %
w.b
.
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
Rainfall .. m
m
Untreated
Flat
Single Windrow
Double Windrow
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World Dairy Expo
Stover Drying
10%
20%
30%
40%
50%
60%
10-Oct 12-Oct 14-Oct 16-Oct 18-Oct 20-Oct
Moi
stur
e .
.. %
w.b
.
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
Rainfall .. m
m
UntreatedFlatSingle WindrowDouble Windrow
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World Dairy Expo
• Issues with bale and stacker systems:
Low productivity
Low density package
High ash content
Dry Stover Issues
![Page 13: Options for Harvesting Corn Stover for Supplemental Feed · Microsoft PowerPoint - WDE~New~2007-Shinners.ppt Author: Lori Bocher Created Date: 10/17/2007 8:52:48 AM](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022050110/5f47870efbca911cf90e1646/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
World Dairy Expo
~6
~10
LRB
~3
~5
Stack
Density
~8lb. / ft3
LSB
~16tons / h
Productivity
Dry Stover Harvesting
![Page 14: Options for Harvesting Corn Stover for Supplemental Feed · Microsoft PowerPoint - WDE~New~2007-Shinners.ppt Author: Lori Bocher Created Date: 10/17/2007 8:52:48 AM](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022050110/5f47870efbca911cf90e1646/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
World Dairy Expo
Dry Bale Harvesting
Ash .. % of DM
Baled
Standing
7.9
3.5
![Page 15: Options for Harvesting Corn Stover for Supplemental Feed · Microsoft PowerPoint - WDE~New~2007-Shinners.ppt Author: Lori Bocher Created Date: 10/17/2007 8:52:48 AM](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022050110/5f47870efbca911cf90e1646/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
World Dairy Expo
• Issues with bale and stacker systems:
High storage losses
Non-uniform product
Dry Stover Issues
![Page 16: Options for Harvesting Corn Stover for Supplemental Feed · Microsoft PowerPoint - WDE~New~2007-Shinners.ppt Author: Lori Bocher Created Date: 10/17/2007 8:52:48 AM](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022050110/5f47870efbca911cf90e1646/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
World Dairy Expo
Outdoor Storage of Bales
![Page 17: Options for Harvesting Corn Stover for Supplemental Feed · Microsoft PowerPoint - WDE~New~2007-Shinners.ppt Author: Lori Bocher Created Date: 10/17/2007 8:52:48 AM](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022050110/5f47870efbca911cf90e1646/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
World Dairy Expo
14%20%Plastic Twine
Outdoors on Soil
37%
11%
2%
Wet Year
34%
29%
11%
5%
Dry Year
Stacks
Sisal Twine
Net Wrap
Indoors
Storage Losses
![Page 18: Options for Harvesting Corn Stover for Supplemental Feed · Microsoft PowerPoint - WDE~New~2007-Shinners.ppt Author: Lori Bocher Created Date: 10/17/2007 8:52:48 AM](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022050110/5f47870efbca911cf90e1646/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
World Dairy Expo
Non-Uniformity of Bales
![Page 19: Options for Harvesting Corn Stover for Supplemental Feed · Microsoft PowerPoint - WDE~New~2007-Shinners.ppt Author: Lori Bocher Created Date: 10/17/2007 8:52:48 AM](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022050110/5f47870efbca911cf90e1646/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
World Dairy Expo
Wet Stover Harvesting -Chopping
Chopped Wet Stover
![Page 20: Options for Harvesting Corn Stover for Supplemental Feed · Microsoft PowerPoint - WDE~New~2007-Shinners.ppt Author: Lori Bocher Created Date: 10/17/2007 8:52:48 AM](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022050110/5f47870efbca911cf90e1646/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
World Dairy Expo
• Advantages of harvesting stover wet:
Eliminates field drying
Harvest right behind combine
Reduced soil contamination
Higher productivity
Easier to mix additives
Harvesting Wet Stover
![Page 21: Options for Harvesting Corn Stover for Supplemental Feed · Microsoft PowerPoint - WDE~New~2007-Shinners.ppt Author: Lori Bocher Created Date: 10/17/2007 8:52:48 AM](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022050110/5f47870efbca911cf90e1646/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
World Dairy Expo
9 – 16
20 – 80
Typical WPCS
8 – 10Silo Density … lb. / ft3
Corn Stover
25 – 35Productivity … tons / h
Chopped Wet Stover
![Page 22: Options for Harvesting Corn Stover for Supplemental Feed · Microsoft PowerPoint - WDE~New~2007-Shinners.ppt Author: Lori Bocher Created Date: 10/17/2007 8:52:48 AM](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022050110/5f47870efbca911cf90e1646/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
World Dairy Expo
Chopped Wet Stover
![Page 23: Options for Harvesting Corn Stover for Supplemental Feed · Microsoft PowerPoint - WDE~New~2007-Shinners.ppt Author: Lori Bocher Created Date: 10/17/2007 8:52:48 AM](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022050110/5f47870efbca911cf90e1646/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
World Dairy Expo
0.6%0.9%1 – 3%Acetic
3.3%
4.1
3.8%
55%
Corn Stover
1.7%
4.5
1.4%
42%
5 – 10%
3.8 – 4.2
6 – 10%
60 – 65%
Typical WPCS
Lactic
DM Loss
pH
Acids
Moisture
Chopped Wet Stover
![Page 24: Options for Harvesting Corn Stover for Supplemental Feed · Microsoft PowerPoint - WDE~New~2007-Shinners.ppt Author: Lori Bocher Created Date: 10/17/2007 8:52:48 AM](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022050110/5f47870efbca911cf90e1646/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
World Dairy Expo
Stover Particle Size
¾ – 1
8 – 10
Particle – Size .. in.
Round Bales and Stacks
Chopped
![Page 25: Options for Harvesting Corn Stover for Supplemental Feed · Microsoft PowerPoint - WDE~New~2007-Shinners.ppt Author: Lori Bocher Created Date: 10/17/2007 8:52:48 AM](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022050110/5f47870efbca911cf90e1646/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
World Dairy Expo
Baled Wet Stover
![Page 26: Options for Harvesting Corn Stover for Supplemental Feed · Microsoft PowerPoint - WDE~New~2007-Shinners.ppt Author: Lori Bocher Created Date: 10/17/2007 8:52:48 AM](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022050110/5f47870efbca911cf90e1646/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
World Dairy Expo
Baled Wet Stover
![Page 27: Options for Harvesting Corn Stover for Supplemental Feed · Microsoft PowerPoint - WDE~New~2007-Shinners.ppt Author: Lori Bocher Created Date: 10/17/2007 8:52:48 AM](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022050110/5f47870efbca911cf90e1646/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
World Dairy Expo
2.3%0.5%Acetic
0.8%
4.4
2.9%
44%
Early
0.4%
5.1
1.2%
29%
Late
Lactic
DM Loss
pH
Acids
Moisture
Baled Wet Stover
![Page 28: Options for Harvesting Corn Stover for Supplemental Feed · Microsoft PowerPoint - WDE~New~2007-Shinners.ppt Author: Lori Bocher Created Date: 10/17/2007 8:52:48 AM](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022050110/5f47870efbca911cf90e1646/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
World Dairy Expo
• Compared to dry systems, wet stover offers:
Less weather concerns
More uniform product
Easier mixing & feeding
Fewer storage losses
Potentially lower costs
Wet Stover Systems
![Page 29: Options for Harvesting Corn Stover for Supplemental Feed · Microsoft PowerPoint - WDE~New~2007-Shinners.ppt Author: Lori Bocher Created Date: 10/17/2007 8:52:48 AM](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022050110/5f47870efbca911cf90e1646/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
World Dairy Expo
Stover Costs
$9Bales – Outdoors
$14
$14
$14
$28
Approximate cost per dry ton
Storage
Bales – Indoors
Round Bales
Chopped
Chopped – Bag
Harvest
![Page 30: Options for Harvesting Corn Stover for Supplemental Feed · Microsoft PowerPoint - WDE~New~2007-Shinners.ppt Author: Lori Bocher Created Date: 10/17/2007 8:52:48 AM](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022050110/5f47870efbca911cf90e1646/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
World Dairy Expo
• How stover is fed :
Free-choice from bales or pasture
Sorting
Ground
TMR
Feeding Stover
![Page 31: Options for Harvesting Corn Stover for Supplemental Feed · Microsoft PowerPoint - WDE~New~2007-Shinners.ppt Author: Lori Bocher Created Date: 10/17/2007 8:52:48 AM](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022050110/5f47870efbca911cf90e1646/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
World Dairy Expo
Stover Fractions
Stalk – 58% Leaf – 19%
Cob – 12%
Husk – 8%
After Grain Harvest / Before Stover Harvest
![Page 32: Options for Harvesting Corn Stover for Supplemental Feed · Microsoft PowerPoint - WDE~New~2007-Shinners.ppt Author: Lori Bocher Created Date: 10/17/2007 8:52:48 AM](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022050110/5f47870efbca911cf90e1646/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
World Dairy Expo
Dry Bale Harvesting
Stalk – 49%Leaf – 36%
Cob – 3%Husk – 10%
After Stover Harvest
![Page 33: Options for Harvesting Corn Stover for Supplemental Feed · Microsoft PowerPoint - WDE~New~2007-Shinners.ppt Author: Lori Bocher Created Date: 10/17/2007 8:52:48 AM](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022050110/5f47870efbca911cf90e1646/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
World Dairy Expo
76.3
46.7
4.0
7.7
Baled
3.8CP
41.9ADF
68.2
–
Chopped
NDF
Ash
After Storage Composition
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World Dairy Expo
• To improve protein and digestible energy :
Wet and dry distillers grains
Grain
Whole-plant corn silage
Ammonia
Stover Feed Additives
![Page 35: Options for Harvesting Corn Stover for Supplemental Feed · Microsoft PowerPoint - WDE~New~2007-Shinners.ppt Author: Lori Bocher Created Date: 10/17/2007 8:52:48 AM](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022050110/5f47870efbca911cf90e1646/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
World Dairy Expo
43.0
25.2
8.3
7.0
Stover + Corn*
70.2
45.0
8.3
12.3
Stover
14.4 CP
30.0ADF
57.5
8.4
Stover + DDG*
NDF
Ash
Feeding Stover
* - 50% of dietAfter Summer and Trenkle - 1998
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World Dairy Expo
53.7
6.7
Stover + Corn*
39.1
5.7
Stover
59.4Digestibility .. %
6.4
Stover + DDG*
Intake .. lb. / day
Feeding Stover
* - 50% of dietAfter Summer and Trenkle - 1998
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World Dairy Expo
Future of Stover Harvest
![Page 38: Options for Harvesting Corn Stover for Supplemental Feed · Microsoft PowerPoint - WDE~New~2007-Shinners.ppt Author: Lori Bocher Created Date: 10/17/2007 8:52:48 AM](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022050110/5f47870efbca911cf90e1646/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
World Dairy Expo
Future of Stover Harvest
Cob, husk & leaf
Grain
Ear Snapper Head
![Page 39: Options for Harvesting Corn Stover for Supplemental Feed · Microsoft PowerPoint - WDE~New~2007-Shinners.ppt Author: Lori Bocher Created Date: 10/17/2007 8:52:48 AM](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022050110/5f47870efbca911cf90e1646/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
World Dairy Expo
Future of Stover Harvest
All stover: Stalk, cob, husk & leaf
Grain
Whole-plant Head
![Page 40: Options for Harvesting Corn Stover for Supplemental Feed · Microsoft PowerPoint - WDE~New~2007-Shinners.ppt Author: Lori Bocher Created Date: 10/17/2007 8:52:48 AM](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022050110/5f47870efbca911cf90e1646/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
World Dairy Expo
Future of Stover Harvest
![Page 41: Options for Harvesting Corn Stover for Supplemental Feed · Microsoft PowerPoint - WDE~New~2007-Shinners.ppt Author: Lori Bocher Created Date: 10/17/2007 8:52:48 AM](https://reader034.vdocuments.net/reader034/viewer/2022050110/5f47870efbca911cf90e1646/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
World Dairy Expo
Options for Harvesting Corn Stover for Supplemental Feed
Kevin Shinners
University of Wisconsin