optix rtn 600 networking and protection-20080801-a

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Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

OptiX RTN 600 Networking and Protection

Security Level:INTERNAL

Copyright © 2006 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page 2

Study Guide

Before the study on this course, you are supposed to: Complete the study on the Digital Microwave Communications Principles or have the relevant knowledge. Complete the study on the course OptiX RTN 600 Introduction.Have the general networking knowledge of the SDH optical transmission network.


References

OptiX RTN 600 Product Description and OptiX RTN 600 Hardware Description in the OptiX RTN 600 Package of Documents

Digital Microwave Communications Principles


Training Purpose

Upon completion of this course, you will be able to:

Describe the network application of the OptiX RTN 600.

List the common networking modes of the OptiX RTN 600.

List the service types and protection schemes supported by the Op

tiX RTN 600.

Describe the configuration requirements of the OptiX RTN 600 on e

ach protection scheme.


Table of Contents

1. Network Application and Networking Modes of the OptiX RTN 600 1.1 Network Application and Station Types

1.2 Application

1.3 Networking Modes

2. Services Protection and Equipment Protection 2.1 1+1 Protection

2.2 N+1 Protection

2.3 Others Protection

Adjust Slide


Network Application

The OptiX RTN 600 radio transmission system is a short haul digital microwave transmission system. Each radio frequency (RF) carrier of the RTN 600 system can transmit 2 × E1 、 4 × E1 、 5 × E1 、 8 × E1 、 10 × E1 、 16 × E1 、 22 × E1 、 26 × E1 、 32 × E1 、 35 × E1 、44 × E1 、 53 × E1 、 E3 、 STM-1 on the 6GHz-38 GHz RF band.

The system provides multiple service interfaces, and it can be flexibly configured and easily installed. It can form the transmission network with the optical transmission equipment at the access layer, and can also provide backhaul links in a mobile telecommunication network or a private network.

Adjust Slide


Microwave Station Types Classified by Station Type

Terminal station: It refers to the microwave station that transmits services only in one direction.

Relay station: It refers to the microwave station that transmits services in two directions and is required added to solve the problem existing in the microwave line of sight communication. The relay station is classified into two types, active relay station and passive relay station.

Add/Drop relay station: It refers to the microwave station that transmits services in two directions and adds/drops transmitted services.

Pivotal station: It refers to the microwave station that transmits services in three or more than three directions and transfers the services in transmission channels in different directions. It is also called the HUB station.

Classified by Transmit and Receive Frequency

Primary station: the transmit frequency is higher than the receive frequency, also named high station.

Non-primary station: the transmit frequency is lower than the receive frequency, also named low station.


Microwave Station Types (cont.)

Terminal station

f 1’

Terminal stationPivotal

station

Add/Drop Relay station

Relay station

Terminal station

Primary station

Non-primary station

f 1

f 1’

The Primary station and the Non-primary station are usually arranged alternately in the double-frequency radio link.

Primary station

f 1 > f 1’

f 1


Microwave Station Types － Terminal Station Typical configuration of the OptiX RTN 600 as the Terminal Stat

ion

SL1 slot3PXC slot1

IF1A slot4SCC slot2

slot20 PXC slot3

PXC slot1PH1 slot4SCC slot2

IF1A slot7IF1A slot5

slot8slot6

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Microwave Station Types － Terminal Station (cont.) Typical configuration of the OptiX RTN 600 as the Terminal Stat

ion

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Microwave Station Types － Relay Station Typical Configuration of the OptiX RTN 600 as the Relay Station

SLE slot3PXC slot1

IF1A slot4SCC slot2

SLE slot3PXC slot1

IF1A slot4SCC slot2

Cableslot20 PXC slot3


IF1A slot7IF1A slot5

slot8SL1 slot6

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Microwave Station Type － Pivotal Station

Typical Configuration of the OptiX RTN 600 as the Pivotal station

slot20 PXC slot3


IF1A slot7

IF1A slot5

IF1A slot8

SD1 slot6

slot20 PXC slot3


IF1A slot7

IF1A slot5

IF1A slot8

IF1A slot6


Table of Contents


1.2 Application



2.2 N+1 Protection


Adjust Slide


Microwave Network Topology The following figures show the basic topologies of the microwave

network.

Ring networ

k

Ring networ

k

Chain networ

k

Chain networ

k

Star networ

k

Star networ

k

Tree networ

k

Tree networ

k


Applications of the OptiX RTN 600 Applications in the Backhaul Network of the Mobile Base Statio

n Terminal station in the mobile backhaul network Mobile backhaul chain network Mobile backhaul tree network

Applications in the Access Network and Private Network Microwave access network Complementary network to the SDH ring network Ring network formed by microwave equipment and SDH equipme

nt Ring network purely formed by microwave equipment


Applications of the OptiX RTN 600 (cont.) Applications in the Backhaul Network of the Mobile Base Station

Terminal station in the mobile backhaul network

Mobile backhaul chain network

Mobile backhaul tree network


Applications of the OptiX RTN 600 (cont.) Microwave Access Network

VIP client

Service center

Businesscenter

Other client


Applications of the OptiX RTN 600 (cont.) Complementary Network to the SDH Ring Network

Radio link

Radio link Radio link


Applications of the OptiX RTN 600 (cont.) Ring Network Formed by Microwave Equipment and SDH Equipment

User network

User network

User network

User network

User network

User network

User network

Transmission network


Applications of the OptiX RTN 600 (cont.) Ring Network Purely Formed by Microwave Equipment

User network

User network

User network

User networkUser network

User network

User network

Transmission network


Table of Contents


1.2 Application



2.2 N+1 Protection


Adjust Slide


The limitation of Microwave Equipment Interconnection Limitation of ODU

One site is high site ODU, the other site is low site ODU. The two site form one hop, the ODUs must be the same type and all the ODUs come fr

om the same manufacturer.

Limitation of IDU The same type IDU in two site of one hop, these two site can interconnection One site use IDU 605, the other site use IDU 610, in this case, these two site cannot int

erconnection One sit use IDU 605, the other site use IDU 620, in this case, the IF board be used in ID

U 620 must be IF0 board.

Limitation of Clock Source Tracing The clock tracing feature for the IDU 605 is auto-negotiation ， it needn’t to be man

ual setting The clock of IDU 620 can not tracing the clock of IDU 605

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NetworkingThe OptiX RTN 600 configures different types of indoor units (IDU), including IDU 610, IDU 620, and IDU 605, to meet the requirements of different application scenarios, and the OptiX RTN 600 outdoor units (ODU) can be applied in all the application scenarios.

R2 New Slide


Point-to-Point Networking

In this networking mode, the services between two nodes are transported over microwave. In a point-to-point network, you can use the IDU 605 1A or IDU 605 1B that provides 1+0 non-protection configuration for the microwave services, or you can use the IDU 605 2B that provides 1+1 protection configuration for the microwave services.

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Terminal Stations in a Radio Transmission Network

Services can be transmitted between the NE that uses the IDU 605

and the NE that uses the IDU 620 through microwave. Therefore,

the NE that uses the IDU 605 can function as the terminal station of

a radio transmission network and construct the last hop together

with the NE that uses the IDU 620.

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Chain Networking In this networking mode, all the microwave transmission nodes are

connected in series, but the head and tail nodes are not directly

connected.

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In the chain network, you can replace the IDU 620 used at the terminal stations

with the IDU 605 or IDU 610 according to the requirements of the microwave link

attributes and service interfaces.


Questions

How many microwave station types can be configured on the OptiX RTN 600? What are them?

List out four applications of the OptiX RTN 600 in the transmission network.


Table of Contents

1. Network Application and Networking Modes of the OptiX RTN 600

1.1 Network Application and Station Types

1.2 Application


2. Services Protection and Equipment Protection

2.1 1+1 Protection 1+1 HSB 1+1 SD 1+1 FD

2.2 N+1 Protection


Adjust Slide


1+1HSB Typical ConfigurationR2 New Slide

IDU 620 1+1 HSB Typical configuration IDU 605 2B HSB Typical Configuration


1+1 Hot Standby Backup (1+1HSB)

Cross-connection board Service

board

ActiveIF Board

ActiveODU

Hybrid couplerAntenna

StandbyIF Board

StandbyODUmut

e

mute

Note: In the case of the IDU 605 2B, the multiplexing sub-unit that is embedded in the IF unit replaces the cross-connect unit of the IDU 620 to realize the dual fed and selective receiving function.


Description of 1+1 HSB

Switch point The services are switched in the cross-connection board.

Switch condition Automatic switch: IF board hardware fault, ODU hardware fault,

remote failure indication, and microwave frame loss.,

Manual switch: locking, forced, manual, and clearing

Characteristics The active/standby unit has no restrictions on the paired slots.

The switch actions are implemented by the software and

hardware.

The service will be interrupted in the case of switch.


1+1 SD Typical Configuration

IDU 620 SD Typical Configuration IDU 605 2B SD Typical Configuration

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1+1 Space Diversity (1+1 SD)

Cross-connection board Service

board

ActiveIF BoardActive

ODU

Antenna 1

StandbyIF Board

StandbyODU

Antenna 2

Mute

The two built-in IF units of the IDU 605 2B realize the functions of two IF boards of the IDU 620. The multiplexing sub-unit that is embedded in the IF unit of the IDU 605 2B realizes the functions of the cross-connect board of the IDU 620.


1+1FD Typical Configuration

IDU 620 FD Typical Configuration IDU 605 2B FD Typical Configuration

R2 New Slide


1+1 Frequency Diversity (1+1 FD)

Cross-connectionboard Service

board

ActiveIF Board

ActiveODU

HybridAntenna

StandbyIF Board

StandbyODUtf2

rf2

tf1

rf1


Space Frequency Diversity (1+1 SD+FD)

Cross-connectionboard Service

board

ActiveIF Board

ActiveODU

Antenna 1

StandbyIF board

StandbyODU

Antenna 2

tf2

rf2

tf1rf1


Description of Hitless Switch (HSM) Switch point

The services are switched on the IF board.

Switch condition Automatic switch: microwave frame loss, microwave signal

loss, microwave bit error , and the HSB switch triggers HSM receives forcibly the services from standby board.

Manual switch: Force switch, clear.

Characteristics The Active /standby IF board must in paired slots.

Switch is implemented by hardware.

Service has no interruption during switch.


Reverse Switch

Introduction When the system fails to detect the hardware faults in the

transmission direction, the HSB and SD cannot be triggered.

Switch condition Remote site detecting the failure and send RDI to local site to

trigger the HSB or SD switch.

Characteristics It is only configured in the case of HSB or SD.

Through the service detection, all the hardware faults in the transmission direction can be protected.

Fail to accurately differentiate the hardware fault and external fading. After the fading, the repeated switch may be caused.


Summary of the Microwave Protection Schemes

Protection

Scheme

Configuration Requirement Switching Condition Service

Interruptio

n

Switchin

g Point

1+1 HSB In general, one antenna is used.

There is no special requirement on the paired slot.

The sub-band of the main and standby ODUs must be the same.

Hardware fault of the IF unit and ODU unit, MW_LOF, R_LOS, R_LOC, R_LOF and MW_RDI

The service interruption time is less than 1s.

Cross-connect unit

1+1 SD Two antennas must be used. There is the requirement on t

he paired slot. The sub-band of the main an

d standby ODUs must be the same.

The conditions triggering the 1+1 SD protection switching is the service fault.

In this case, the MW_LOF, R_LOS, R_LOC, and R_LOF are not counted as the conditions triggering the HSB switching.

The services are not interrupted.

IF unit

1+1 FD One or two antennas can be used.

There is the requirement on the paired slot.

The sub-band of the main and standby ODUs should be different.

The condition triggering the 1+1 FD protection switching is the service fault.

In this case, the MW_LOF, R_LOS, R_LOC, and R_LOF are not counted as the conditions triggering the HSB switching.

The services are not interrupted.

IF unit


Table of Contents


1.2 Application



2.2 N+1 Protection


Adjust Slide


Feature Description

The protection type of N+1 protection is similar to the dual-ended revertive switching mode of 1:N linear multiplex section protection, which provide one protection channel, N working channels, and the protection channel transport extra service.

The ODUs must adopt the separate mounting mode due to the limitations of the dual-polarized antenna.

N+1 protection is available in two configuration modes: 2+1 protection configuration and 3+1 protection configuration. As the 3+1 protection configuration is complexity, it is not recommend configuring 3+1 protection.

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2+1 Protection ConfigurationR2 New Slide


2+1 Protection Configuration

Realization principle of 2+1 protection (before the switching)

before the switching

after the switching

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Limitations of N+1 Protection

The limitations of N+1 protection are as follows: N+1 protection supports only the STM-1 radio working mode. The IDU must be the IDU 620. The ODUs must adopt the separate mounting mode due to the limita

tions of the dual-polarized antenna.

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Relation with Other Features

The N+1 protection is related to the 1+1 protection

configuration, , and SNCP feature.

The members of an N+1 protection group cannot be

configured with 1+1 protection.

The radio link with N+1 protection configuration can work

only as the service sink of an SNCP service pair, and cannot

work as the working source or protection source.

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REG Function

In the case of 3+1 protection, you need to configure REGs for the secondary NE.

When a MW_LOF or REG section alarm( include R_LOS 、 R_LOC 、 R_LOF) is generated, the REG inserts an MS-AIS alarm instead of AU_AIS alarm. The N+1 protection switching will be triggered.

R2 New Slide


Table of Contents


1.2 Application



2.2 N+1 Protection


SNCP

LMSP

RMSP

PXC Active/Standby Protection

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SNCP SNCP stands for the sub-network connection protection. The protection is performed whe

n the signal fail or are degraded. SNCP adopts the 1+1 single-end switching and does not require the support of the protocol.

The conditions triggering the higher order SNCP include R_LOS 、 R_LOF 、 MW_LOF 、 MW_LIM 、 MS_AIS 、 B2_EXC 、 R_LOC 、 AU_AIS 、 AU_LOP 、 HP_LOM . The optional conditions triggering the higher order SNCP include HP_TIM, HP_UNEQ, B3_EXC and B3_SD.

The required conditions triggering the lower order SNCP include the TU_AIS and TU_LOP. The optional conditions triggering the lower order SNCP include the LP_TIM, LP_UNEQ, LP_SLM, BIP_EXC, and BIP_SD.

The service interruption time in the SNCP switching is less than 50 ms. The source board in an SNCP pair must be the line board or the IF board. If the IF board is configured in one 1+1 protection group, it cannot be configured as the so

urce board of one SNCP pair.


SNCP (cont.)

Active Standby

Selective receiving of services

Bidirectional transmission of services

A

B

C

D

The SNCP is shown in the following figure. Services are transmitted

bidirectionally at NE A. The path that passes through NE B is the active path.

The path that passes through NE D is the standby path. In the normal state, NE C selectively receives the services from the

active path. In the switching state, NE C selectively receives the services from the

standby path.

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SNCP (cont.)

SNCP has different relationships with different protection features.

The MSP line can work only as the service sink of an SNCP service pair and cannot work as the working source or protection source.

The radio link with 1+1 protection configuration can work only as the service sink of an SNCP service pair, and cannot work as the working source or protection source.

The radio link with N+1 protection configuration can work only as the service sink of an SNCP service pair, and cannot work as the working source or protection source.

The radio link with XPIC configuration can work only as the service sink of an SNCP service pair, and cannot work as the working source or protection source.

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LMSP （ Linear Multiplex Section Protection ） The linear MSP is applicable to point-to-point physical networks. Line

ar MSP provides protection for the services between two nodes at the multiplex section level.

The OptiX IDU 610 supports a maximum of two linear MSP groups for the STM-1 optical/electrical line. The OptiX IDU 620 supports a maximum of five linear MSP groups, or a combination of three linear MSP groups for the optical/electrical line and one STM-4 linear MSP group.

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LMSP － Protection Type Linear MSP can be classified in terms of the protection mechanism, switching

mode, and revertive mode. In terms of the protection mechanism

1+1 Protection (Dedicated protection) 1:N Protection (Shared protection)

In terms of the switching mode Single-ended switching Dual-ended switching

In terms of the revertive mode Revertive mode Non-revertive mode

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LMSP － Protection Type linear MSP is classified into the following eight modes:

1+1 dual-ended revertive mode 1:N dual-ended revertive mode 1+1 dual-ended non-revertive mode 1:N dual-ended non-revertive mode 1+1 single-ended revertive mode 1:N single-ended revertive mode 1+1 single-ended non-revertive mode 1:N single-ended non-revertive mode

The OptiX RTN 600 supports the following five linear MSP modes: 1+1 dual-ended revertive mode 1+1 dual-ended non-revertive mode 1+1 single-ended revertive mode 1+1 single-ended non-revertive mode 1:N (N≤3) dual-ended revertive mode

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LMSP － Realization Principle The 1+1 linear MSP adopts th

e dual fed and selective receiving mechanism to realize the switching.

R2 New Slide


after the switching, in the single-ended mode after the switching, in the dual-ended mode


LMSP － Realization Principle The 1:N linear MSP adopts the automatic bridging mechanis

m to realize the switching.

R2 New Slide

before the switching after the switching


LMSP － Feature Description Linear MSP can be triggered by local SF conditions, local SD conditions, and local ext

ernal switching requests. In the dual-ended mode, the local NE can perform switching according to byte K from the NE at the opposite end.

The SD is an optional switching condition. You can specify whether to use the SD as a switching condition on the NMS. By default, the SD switching condition is used.

If two switching conditions exist on a channel at the same time, the switching of higher priority preempts the channel.

External switching commands include the switching clear commands, which are the clear lockout command, clear forced switching command, clear manual switching command, clear exercise switching command, clear WTR state command, and clear all command.

If an NE needs to perform switching according to byte K from the NE at the opposite end, the NE determines the switching priority according to the bridge request code contained in byte K.

Within the linear MSP switching time (shorter than 50 ms), services are interrupted. The line that is configured with linear MSP can work only as the sink of an SNCP servi

ce pair, and cannot work as the working source or protection source. The line that is configured with linear MSP cannot be configured to form an MSP ring.

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Two-Fiber Bidirectional Ring MSP （ RMSP ） The two-fiber bidirectional ring MSP scheme is applicable to an SDH ri

ng network of the STM-4 or higher level formed by fibers, and provides protection at the MS level for services between the nodes of a ring network.

The IDU 620 supports a maximum of one STM-4 two-fiber bidirectional MSP ring.

Only the SL4 support RMSP configured.

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RMSP － Protection Type The two-fiber bidirectional ring MSP has the following characteristics i

n terms of the protection type: A ring network uses two fibers. One fiber is used to receive signals and the

other fiber is used to transmit signals. Services are received and transmitted on the same route. The normal services between different nodes share the protection channel.

The protection channel can be used to transfer extra services. The two-fiber bidirectional ring MSP adopts the revertive mode. That is, an

NE that is in the switching state releases the switching and enables the former working channel to return to the working state some time after the former working channel is restored to normal. The period from the time the former working channel is restored to normal until the time the NE releases the switching is called the wait-to-restore (WTR) time. To prevent frequent switching events due to an unstable working channel, it is recommended that you set the WTR time to five to twelve minutes.

R2 New Slide


RMSP － Realization Principle The two-fiber bidirectional ring MSP adopts the automatic bridging m

echanism between working channels and protection channels to realize the switching.


R2 New Slide


RMSP － Realization PrincipleR2 New Slide

after the switching


RMSP － Feature Description Two-fiber bidirectional ring MSP can be triggered by local SF conditio

ns, local SD conditions, local external switching requests, and byte K sent from the node on another ring network.

Within the MSP switching time (shorter than 50 ms), services are interrupted. Extra services are interrupted within the period from the time normal services are switched to the protection channel until the time the services are restored to the working channel.

The line of a two-fiber bidirectional MSP ring cannot be configured with linear MSP.

The line of a two-fiber bidirectional MSP ring can work only as the sink of an SNCP service pair, and cannot work as the working source or protection source.

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PXC Active/Standby Protection In the normal state, the active and standby PXC work in the hot standby mode.

When the active unit is abnormal, the standby unit replace the original active one to providing the cross-connect and clock functions to the entire system.

The conditions triggering the PXC active/standby protection include the loss of the 38M system clock and the hardware failure.

The conditions triggering the situation that the service unit selects the PXC include loss of the system clock, loss of the service frame header, loss of the overhead clock, and loss of the overhead frame header.

The service interruption time in the PXC active/standby switching within 50 ms.

Only the OptiX RTN 620 supports the PXC active/standby protection. When the slots 1 and 3 are both configured with the cross-connect and clock board PXC, this protection is automatically enabled.


PXC Active/Standby Protection (cont.)

Cross-connect and clock unit

1

Service unit

3

Service signal

Service signal and clock signal

Service signal

Clock signal

• In the normal state

1

3

• In the switching state

Service unit



Clock signal

Service signal

Service signal Cross-connect and clock unit

Service signal and clock signal


Protection Type Relation with IDUIDU 605 IDU 620 IDU 610

SNCP Not support support support

1 ＋ 1 FD support * support Not support

1 ＋ 1 SD support * support Not support

1+1 HSB support * support Not support

N+1 Not support support Not support

PXC Active/Standby Protection

Not support support Not support

Power 1+1 Protection

support support Not support

RMSP Not support support Not support

LMSP Not support support support

R2 New Slide


Summary

Service and Equipment Protection Schemes Supported by the OptiX RTN 600

1+1 HSB

1+1 SD

1+1 FD

N+1 Protection

SNCP

LMSP

RMSP

PXC active/standby Protection

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