Oracle Applications 11i Concepts II Brian Hitchcock OCP 11i DBA -- OCP 10g DBA Sun MicrosystemsBrian Hitchcock February 10, 2008Page 1 Brian Hitchcock February 10, 2008Page 2 Presentation is Available Brian Hitchcock February 10, 2008Page 3 Contents Oracle Applications Concepts I What is Oracle Applications? 11i Architecture Oracle Application Tiers Login to Oracle Applications Online Oracle Application environments Oracle Applications Concepts II 11i Applications Filesystem Applications DBA utilities Database DBA vs 11i DBA Backups Resources Brian Hitchcock February 10, 2008Page 4 Focus Generic Oracle Applications concepts Not tied to specific installation(s) Provide background for how Apps works Help with support tasks in general Technical how it works how to make it go Brian Hitchcock February 10, 2008Page 5 11i Applications File System $APPL_TOP Top directory for all Oracle Application software Contains $PROD_TOP for each product Applications patches make changes in APPL_TOP Environment variables setup at login Environment files Can be shared (shared APPL_TOP) NFS mounted filesystem Shared by two or more application tier servers Apply patches once for all application tiers Single point of failure Brian Hitchcock February 10, 2008Page 6 11i Applications File System Home directory of applmgr UNIX user APPL_TOP Contains product directories ORA_TOP Forms ORACLE_HOME for forms server iAS Web Server (Apache) ORACLE_HOME for web server COMMON_TOP Directories/files used across products Brian Hitchcock February 10, 2008Page 7 11i Database File System Database has ORACLE_HOME ORACLE_HOME for database Database software /oradata01-05 Database tablespace datafiles Three ORACLE_HOMES When applying applications patches Patch applied in ORACLE_HOME Brian Hitchcock February 10, 2008Page 8 Environment Files Many pieces of software All need to be configured Many environment variables to be setup How is this done? Overall configuration file .xml Context is _ Stored in $APPL_TOP/admin Multiple environment files sourced at login Stored in $APPL_TOP APPSORA.env calls other environment files Brian Hitchcock February 10, 2008Page 9 OS Users Can install with single OS user We use two UNIX user oracle UNIX user applmgr Note that applmgr is used in Oracle docs Refers to the application code owner Will be different for other installations Brian Hitchcock February 10, 2008Page 10 11i AutoConfig Many configuration files Changes required manually editing multiple files Tedious, error prone Autoconfig utility Automates most configuration tasks Make changes to context file Execute autoconfig Changes propagated to configuration files Doesnt handle customizations May overwrite non-standard modifications Brian Hitchcock February 10, 2008Page 11 11i Cloning Create exact copy of applications environment Database Application software More involved than just a copy of database Multiple steps Somewhat automated Rapid clone utility Brian Hitchcock February 10, 2008Page 12 11i Patching Never ending process Applications patches applied with adpatch Some database patches applied with opatch Must be in maintenance mode to apply patch ( ) Patch cant be removed Only recourse is to recover from filesystem backups Patches change product software Patches change database objects Applied patches recorded in database Database must be running while patch applied Applications tier processes down while patching Brian Hitchcock February 10, 2008Page 13 11i Applications Manager GUI tool for managing environment What can it do? Show patches applied Show impact of new patches Performance metrics Monitor security Configure environment Edit context file, run autoconfig Brian Hitchcock February 10, 2008Page 14 Database DBA vs 11i DBA Users Oracle Database Users Access database (SQL*Plus, etc) Have specific privileges on database objects Stored in DBA_USERS table Oracle Application Users Dont access the database directly Dont have privileges on database objects Have responsibilities in Oracle Applications Access db through APPS db user Access limited by responsibilities Stored in FND_USER table Brian Hitchcock February 10, 2008Page 15 Database DBA vs 11i DBA Administrator Database SYS, SYSTEM, db user with DBA role Oracle Applications SYSADMIN User with System Administrator responsibility Brian Hitchcock February 10, 2008Page 16 Database DBA vs 11i DBA Privileges vs Responsibilities Database privileges Granted on specific db objects Granted to specific db users or roles Oracle Applications responsibilities Assigned to Oracle Applications users Allow access to groups of db objects Access is through APPS db user Brian Hitchcock February 10, 2008Page 17 Database DBA vs 11i DBA Users and responsibilities Oracle database users and privileges Can be dropped (removed) Oracle Applications users Cant be removed, only end-dated When created, user has start and end date Oracle Applications user responsibility Cant be removed, only end-dated When assigned, responsibility has start/end dates Brian Hitchcock February 10, 2008Page 18 Database DBA vs 11i DBA Multiple ORACLE_HOMEs For database DBA Single ORACLE_HOME For Oracle Applications Three ORACLE_HOMEs Database for Oracle Forms iAS Web Server (Apache) Brian Hitchcock February 10, 2008Page 19 Backups How can this be complicated? Database backups well defined Copy all database datafiles (*.dbf files) Copy init.ora, tnsnames.ora etc. Copy archived redo logs if needed (hot db backup) Oracle Applications environment backup Database Application software tree Brian Hitchcock February 10, 2008Page 20 Backups Complete cold backup Most conservative, most downtime Single tier Shutdown application tier processes (servers) Shutdown database and database listener Copy all filesystems to tape Multi-tier Shutdown all tiers Backup all filesystems on all tiers to tape Brian Hitchcock February 10, 2008Page 21 Backups Hot backup version 1 No downtime, some risk Single tier Application/db tier processes are running Hot db backup to disk Copy all filesystems to tape Multi-tier Hot db backup to disk Copy all filesystems to tape for all tiers Brian Hitchcock February 10, 2008Page 22 Backups Hot backup version 1 issues Assumes application code tree is static Assumes configuration static Log files may be lost Generated during tape backup Database can be recovered to point of failure Restore backup files, apply redo logs Applications code tree recovered to latest tapes No equivalent to database archived redo logs Brian Hitchcock February 10, 2008Page 23 Backups Hot backup version 2 No downtime, more risk Single tier Application/db tier processes are running Hot db backup to disk Copy only db backup files to tape Multi-tier Hot db backup to disk Copy only db backup files to tape Brian Hitchcock February 10, 2008Page 24 Backups Hot backup version 2 issues Same as for version 1 Over longer time Applications file system recovery Back to most recent tape backup Out of synch with db backup Is this acceptable recovery? Brian Hitchcock February 10, 2008Page 25 Backups DR Systems How to keep DR system in synch? Database Apply redo logs from primary Keep DR database up with primary db Applications code tree No equivalent to database redo logs Need to refresh DR code tree from primary How to do this? How often to do this? How far behind db can code tree for DR? Brian Hitchcock February 10, 2008Page 26 Resources Oracle Documents Oracle Technology Network -- otn.oracle.com Oracle Technical Support Metalink -- metalink.oracle.com Oracle online training Oracle University training education.oracle.com Solution Beacon Oracle Applications Environments Books Brian Hitchcock February 10, 2008Page 27 Oracle Documents Brian Hitchcock February 10, 2008Page 28 Oracle Documents Brian Hitchcock February 10, 2008Page 29 Oracle Documents Brian Hitchcock February 10, 2008Page 30 Oracle Documents Brian Hitchcock February 10, 2008Page 31 Oracle Documents Brian Hitchcock February 10, 2008Page 32 Oracle Documents Brian Hitchcock February 10, 2008Page 33 Documentation Technical Overview Oracle Applications Concepts Release 11i ( ) Part No. B Available at rrent/acrobat/11iconcepts.pdf Brian Hitchcock February 10, 2008Page 34 Oracle Technical Support Brian Hitchcock February 10, 2008Page 35 Oracle Technical Support Brian Hitchcock February 10, 2008Page 36 Oracle Technical Support Brian Hitchcock February 10, 2008Page 37 Oracle Online Training Brian Hitchcock February 10, 2008Page 38 Oracle Online Training Brian Hitchcock February 10, 2008Page 39 Oracle Online Training Brian Hitchcock February 10, 2008Page 40 Oracle Online Training Brian Hitchcock February 10, 2008Page 41 Oracle Online Training Brian Hitchcock February 10, 2008Page 42 Oracle University Training Brian Hitchcock February 10, 2008Page 43 Oracle University Training Brian Hitchcock February 10, 2008Page 44 Oracle University Training Brian Hitchcock February 10, 2008Page 45 Oracle University Training Brian Hitchcock February 10, 2008Page 46 Oracle 11i Books Brian Hitchcock February 10, 2008Page 47 Oracle 11i Books